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Kredics L, Büchner R, Balázs D, Allaga H, Kedves O, Racić G, Varga A, Nagy VD, Vágvölgyi C, Sipos G. Recent advances in the use of Trichoderma-containing multicomponent microbial inoculants for pathogen control and plant growth promotion. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:162. [PMID: 38613584 PMCID: PMC11015995 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Chemical pesticides and fertilizers are used in agricultural production worldwide to prevent damage from plant pathogenic microorganisms, insects, and nematodes, to minimize crop losses and to preserve crop quality. However, the use of chemical pesticides and fertilizers can severely pollute soil, water, and air, posing risks to the environment and human health. Consequently, developing new, alternative, environment-friendly microbial soil treatment interventions for plant protection and crop yield increase has become indispensable. Members of the filamentous fungal genus Trichoderma (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes, Hypocreales) have long been known as efficient antagonists of plant pathogenic microorganisms based on various beneficial traits and abilities of these fungi. This minireview aims to discuss the advances in the field of Trichoderma-containing multicomponent microbiological inoculants based on recent experimental updates. Trichoderma strains can be combined with each other, with other fungi and/or with beneficial bacteria. The development and field performance of such inoculants will be addressed, focusing on the complementarity, synergy, and compatibility of their microbial components.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Kredics
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.
| | - Rita Büchner
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Dóra Balázs
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Henrietta Allaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Kedves
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Gordana Racić
- Faculty of Ecological Agriculture, Educons University, Vojvode Putnika 87, Sremska Kamenica, 21208, Serbia
| | - András Varga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Viktor Dávid Nagy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vágvölgyi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - György Sipos
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Group, Institute of Forest and Natural Resource Management, Faculty of Forestry, University of Sopron, Sopron, 9400, Hungary
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Devi S, Manhas RK. Induction of systemic resistance in Solanum lycopersicum and Capsicum annum seedlings against Fusarium wilt by Streptomyces bioformulations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:109438-109452. [PMID: 37775628 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29973-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant diseases induced by various phytopathogens pose a significant threat to contemporary agricultural systems around the world. In modern agriculture, the use of pesticides is still a valuable and effective method to control plant diseases. However, agrochemicals are becoming less popular because of the accretion of toxic compounds perilous and potentially hazardous to humans and the environment. Taking into consideration these aspects, the present study was conducted to explore the biocontrol potential of an endophytic Streptomyces sp. SP5 bioformulations against Fusarium wilt. Three bioformulations were prepared using cell biomass and different carriers, i.e., B1 (talc-kaolin), B2 (MgSO4/glycerol/Na-alginate/talc/Ca-lignosulfonate), and B3 (calcium carbonate/CMC/talc). Apart from antagonistic action against Fusarium wilt, the influence of bioformulations on plant growth and systemic resistance was investigated by analyzing morphological parameters (root length, shoot length, root weight, shoot weight), biochemical parameters (photosynthetic pigments, non-enzymatic antioxidants), and induction of antioxidative enzymes, e.g., catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in S. lycopersicum and C. annum seedlings. The results revealed that Streptomyces bioformulations effectively controlled Fusarium wilt in S. lycopersicum and C. annum (82.6-83.4% and 81.8-100%, respectively). Besides reducing disease prevalence, bioformulations significantly increased all the morphological parameters and increased the activity of antioxidative enzymes, i.e., CAT, APX, GPX, and SOD, in plants. The current findings display that bioformulations can be utilized as environment-friendly biocontrol agents against Fusarium wilt and also as plant growth promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Devi
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Rajesh Kumari Manhas
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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Saldaña-Mendoza SA, Pacios-Michelena S, Palacios-Ponce AS, Chávez-González ML, Aguilar CN. Trichoderma as a biological control agent: mechanisms of action, benefits for crops and development of formulations. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:269. [PMID: 37532771 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the food and economic losses generated by the attack of phytopathogens on the agricultural sector constitute a severe problem. Conventional crop protection techniques based on the application of synthetic pesticides to combat these undesirable microorganisms have also begun to represent an inconvenience since the excessive use of these substances is associated with contamination problems and severe damage to the health of farmers, consumers, and communities surrounding the fields, as well as the generation of resistance by the phytopathogens to be combated. Using biocontrol agents such as Trichoderma to mitigate the attack of phytopathogens represents an alternative to synthetic pesticides, safe for health and the environment. This work explains the mechanisms of action through which Trichoderma exerts biological control, some of the beneficial aspects that it confers to the development of crops through its symbiotic interaction with plants, and the bioremedial effects that it presents in fields contaminated by synthetic pesticides. Also, detail the production of spore-based biopesticides through fermentation processes and formulation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador A Saldaña-Mendoza
- Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Venustiano Carranza S/N, República Oriente, C.P.25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - Sandra Pacios-Michelena
- Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Venustiano Carranza S/N, República Oriente, C.P.25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - Arturo S Palacios-Ponce
- ESPOL Polytechnic University, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Facultad de Ingeniería en Mecánica y Ciencias de la Producción, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, P.O. Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Mónica L Chávez-González
- Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Venustiano Carranza S/N, República Oriente, C.P.25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - Cristóbal N Aguilar
- Food Research Department, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Venustiano Carranza S/N, República Oriente, C.P.25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, México.
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Luo N, Li Z, Ling J, Zhao J, Li Y, Yang Y, Mao Z, Xie B, Li H, Jiao Y. Establishment of a CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Efficient Knockout System of Trichoderma hamatum T21 and Pigment Synthesis PKS Gene Knockout. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9050595. [PMID: 37233306 DOI: 10.3390/jof9050595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichoderma hamatum is a filamentous fungus that serves as a biological control agent for multiple phytopathogens and as an important resource promising for fungicides. However, the lack of adequate knockout technologies has hindered gene function and biocontrol mechanism research of this species. This study obtained a genome assembly of T. hamatum T21, with a 41.4 Mb genome sequence comprising 8170 genes. Based on genomic information, we established a CRISPR/Cas9 system with dual sgRNAs targets and dual screening markers. CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid and donor DNA recombinant plasmid were constructed for disruption of the Thpyr4 and Thpks1 genes. The result indicates the consistency between phenotypic characterization and molecular identification of the knockout strains. The knockout efficiencies of Thpyr4 and Thpks1 were 100% and 89.1%, respectively. Moreover, sequencing revealed fragment deletions between dual sgRNA target sites or GFP gene insertions presented in knockout strains. The situations were caused by different DNA repair mechanisms, nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), and homologous recombination (HR). Overall, we have successfully constructed an efficient and convenient CRISPR/Cas9 system in T. hamatum for the first time, which has important scientific significance and application value for studies on functional genomics of Trichoderma and other filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Luo
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flower, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zeyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flower, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flower, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flower, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flower, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flower, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhenchuan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flower, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bingyan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flower, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Huixia Li
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flower, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Guzmán-Guzmán P, Kumar A, de los Santos-Villalobos S, Parra-Cota FI, Orozco-Mosqueda MDC, Fadiji AE, Hyder S, Babalola OO, Santoyo G. Trichoderma Species: Our Best Fungal Allies in the Biocontrol of Plant Diseases-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12030432. [PMID: 36771517 PMCID: PMC9921048 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Biocontrol agents (BCA) have been an important tool in agriculture to prevent crop losses due to plant pathogens infections and to increase plant food production globally, diminishing the necessity for chemical pesticides and fertilizers and offering a more sustainable and environmentally friendly option. Fungi from the genus Trichoderma are among the most used and studied microorganisms as BCA due to the variety of biocontrol traits, such as parasitism, antibiosis, secondary metabolites (SM) production, and plant defense system induction. Several Trichoderma species are well-known mycoparasites. However, some of those species can antagonize other organisms such as nematodes and plant pests, making this fungus a very versatile BCA. Trichoderma has been used in agriculture as part of innovative bioformulations, either just Trichoderma species or in combination with other plant-beneficial microbes, such as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Here, we review the most recent literature regarding the biocontrol studies about six of the most used Trichoderma species, T. atroviride, T. harzianum, T. asperellum, T. virens, T. longibrachiatum, and T. viride, highlighting their biocontrol traits and the use of these fungal genera in Trichoderma-based formulations to control or prevent plant diseases, and their importance as a substitute for chemical pesticides and fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Guzmán-Guzmán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Mexico
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Postharvest Science, ARO, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | | | - Fannie I. Parra-Cota
- Campo Experimental Norman E. Borlaug, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Ciudad Obregón 85000, Mexico
| | | | - Ayomide Emmanuel Fadiji
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Sajjad Hyder
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Mexico
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Zhang S, Xiang D, Sun C, Han K, Li T, Zhou J, Xu B. Morphological and Molecular Identification of Peach Brown Rot Disease in Tibet and Exploration of the Biocontrol Efficiency of Trichoderma. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1174. [PMID: 36354941 PMCID: PMC9694890 DOI: 10.3390/jof8111174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Brown rot caused by the pathogen of the genus Monilinia is the most destructive disease in peaches worldwide. It has seriously reduced the economic value of the peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) in Nyingchi and Qamdo, Tibet, China. Monilinia fructicola, Monilia mumecola, and M. yunnanensis have been reported as the causal agents of brown rot disease on stone fruits in China. In this study, we report on the identification of M. yunnanensis in peach orchards in Nyingchi and Qamdo, Tibet. From twenty-three isolates with the same characteristics, we identified the representative single-spore isolates T8-1, T8-8, and T8-20 as M. yunnanensis and confirmed that the Tibet brown rot disease was caused by M. yunnanensis based on the morphological characteristics and molecular analyses. The phylogenetic analysis of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) and β-tubulin (TUB2) nucleotide sequences and the multiplex PCR identification revealed that the representative isolates T8-1, T8-8, and T8-20 were more closely related to M. yunnanensis than other Monilinia species. Furthermore, the biocontrol strain of Trichoderma T6 presented significant antagonistic activity on the M. yunnanensis T8-1 isolate (T8-1) among the five Trichoderma strains. The highest inhibitory rates for Trichoderma T6 and its fermentation product against T8-1 mycelial growth were 72.13% and 68.25%, respectively. The obvious inhibition zone displayed on the colony interaction area between the colony of T8-1 isolate and Trichoderma T6 and the morphological characterization of the T8-1 hyphae were enlarged and malformed after inoculation with the Trichoderma T6 fermentation product at 20-fold dilution. Our results indicate that the strain of Trichoderma T6 could be considered as a beneficial biocontrol agent in managing brown rot of peach fruit disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwu Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province/State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Dong Xiang
- Institute of Vegetable, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, China
| | - Chenxi Sun
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province/State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Kaidi Han
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province/State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Tong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province/State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jingjiang Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province/State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bingliang Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province/State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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JIMÉNEZ MARÍAFERNANDA, BLÉ GAMALIEL, FALCONI MANUEL. DYNAMICS OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR INTERACTION PLANT–PARASITE– TRICHODERMA. J BIOL SYST 2022. [DOI: 10.1142/s0218339022500206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the impact of a biological agent (Trichoderma spp.) on the dynamic of a plant–parasite model is analyzed. It is assumed that the plant–Trichoderma spp. relationship is mutualistic, the Trichoderma spp.–parasite relationship is that of predator–prey, and the parasite is specialist. Conditions for pest eradication and for species coexistence are shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- MARÍA FERNANDA JIMÉNEZ
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, UJAT, Km 1 Carretera Cunduacán–Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacán, Tabasco c.p. 86690, México
| | - GAMALIEL BLÉ
- División Académica de Ciencias Básicas, UJAT, Km 1 Carretera Cunduacán–Jalpa de Méndez, Cunduacán, Tabasco c.p. 86690, México
| | - MANUEL FALCONI
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, UNAM, C. Universitaria, C. de México c.p. 04510, México
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Swain BB, Mohapatra PK, Naik SK, Mukherjee AK. Biopriming for induction of disease resistance against pathogens in rice. PLANTA 2022; 255:113. [PMID: 35503188 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03900-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice is attacked by an armada of pathogens. Present review provides a critical evaluation of the potential of different biotic agents used to protect rice yield drop from pathogenicity and an account of unexplored areas, which might be taken into consideration to manage rice diseases. Rice (Oryza sativa L.), is the most important staple food of Asian countries. Rice production is significantly limited by a diversity of pathogens, leading to yield loss and deficit in current rice supply. Application of agrochemicals of diverse types has been considered as the only option to control pathogens and enhance rice production, thereby causing environmental concerns and making the pathogens resistant to the active ingredients. Increase in population and resistance of pathogen towards agrochemicals put pressure on the agronomists to search for safe, novel, eco-friendly alternative ways to manage rice pathogens. Inducing resistance in rice by using different biotic/abiotic agents provides an environmental friendly alternative way to effectively manage bacterial, fungal, and viral rice pathogens. In recent years, a number of protocols have been developed for inducing pathogen resistance by bio-priming of rice. However, a comprehensive evaluation of the potential of different biotic agents to protect rice crop loss from pathogens is hitherto lacking due to which the research on induction of defense against pathogens in rice is discontinuous. This review deals with the detailed analysis of the bacterial and fungal agents used to induce defense against rice pathogens, their mode of application, mechanism (physiological, biochemical, and molecular) of defense induction, and effect of defense induction on the yield of rice. It also provides an account of gaps in the research and the unexplored areas, which might be taken into consideration to effectively manage rice pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Arup Kumar Mukherjee
- Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India.
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Effects of Marine Antagonistic Fungi against Plant Pathogens and Rice Growth Promotion Activity. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ten marine-derived fungi crude extracts, namely Emericella stellatus KUFA0208, Eupenicillium parvum KUFA0237, Neosartorya siamensis KUFA0514, N. spinosa KUFA 0528, Talaromyces flavus KUFA 0119, T. macrosporus KUFA 0135, T. trachyspermus KUFA0304, Trichoderma asperellum KUFA 0559, T. asperellum KUFA 0559 and T. harzianum KUFA 0631 were determined for their fungicidal activity against five rice pathogens in vitro. The results showed that the extracts of E. stellatus KUFA0208 and N. siamensis KUFA0514 exhibited the best antifungal activity, causing complete cessation of the mycelial growth of Alternaria padwickii, Bipalaris oryzae, Fusarium semitectum, Pyricularia oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani at 10 g/L. The N. siamensis KUFA0514 extract was fractioned and antifungal compounds were found in the fractions derived from petroleum-ether and chloroform (7: 3) evidenced by inhibition zones against the mycelial growth of A. padwickii around the disc containing each fraction. Moreover, in rice growth promotion tests, diluted cultural broth of T. asperellum KUFA 0559 and T. harzianum KUFA 0631 were found to strongly promote rice shoot and root elongation; however, higher concentrations of all marine fungal broths resulted in significantly reduced rice seedling growth rather than promotion. Meanwhile, Trichoderma showed great indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production leading to the optimum IAA values of 45.38 and 52.30 µg/ml at 11 and 13 days after inoculation, respectively. The results of this study indicated that marine fungi are promising agents having antagonistic mechanisms involving antibiosis production and plant growth promotion and may be developed as novel biocontrol agents for rice disease management.
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10
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Impact of Fungi on Agriculture Production, Productivity, and Sustainability. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8877-5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Huang Z, Liu B, Yin Y, Liang F, Xie D, Han T, Liu Y, Yan B, Li Q, Huang Y, Liu Q. Impact of biocontrol microbes on soil microbial diversity in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:5537-5546. [PMID: 34390303 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteria are the most diverse and abundant group of soil organisms that influence plant growth and health. Bacillus and Trichoderma are commonly used as biological control agents (BCA) that directly or indirectly act on soil bacteria. Therefore, it is essential to understand how the applied microbes impact the indigenous microbial community before exploring their activity in the control of soilborne diseases. RESULTS MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to decipher the shift of rhizosphere bacterial community in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) treated with Bacillus subtilus and Trichoderma harzianum at different concentrations. The dominant phyla in treated and nontreated samples were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and comprised up to 54.7% of the total sequences. There were significant differences between BCA treated and nontreated samples in the bacteria community. BCA treated plants presented higher bacterial diversity than nontreated and higher dosage of BCA had a larger impact on rhizosphere microbiota, but the 'dose-response relationship' varied in different bacterial groups. Potential biomarkers at genus level were found, such as RB41, Pseudomonas, Nitrospira, Candidatus_Udaeobacter. CONCLUSION The combined use of Bacillus subtilus and Trichoderma harzianum could alter bacterial community structure and diversity in rhizosphere soil. BCA-microbes interactions as well as soil microbial ecology should be noticed in plant disease management. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Huang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shang Hai, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Natural Plant Application and Metabolic Regulation Centre, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Department of Sichuan Agriculture, Station for Plant Protection, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Liang
- Division of Research and Development, Chengdu Tepu Biotech Co Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Deshan Xie
- Division of Research and Development, Chengdu Tepu Biotech Co Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiantian Han
- Division of Research and Development, Chengdu Tepu Biotech Co Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongzeng Liu
- Division of Research and Development, Chengdu Tepu Biotech Co Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Division of Research and Development, Chengdu Tepu Biotech Co Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Li
- Natural Plant Application and Metabolic Regulation Centre, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Natural Plant Application and Metabolic Regulation Centre, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Division of Research and Development, Chengdu Tepu Biotech Co Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shang Hai, China
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Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma afroharzianum TM24 Against Grey Mould on Tomato Plants. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:4115-4126. [PMID: 34668992 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02671-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea leads to severe economic loss on commercial tomato production. Application of beneficial microorganism offers an eco-friendly alternative for mitigation of tomato fungal disease damage, considering negative influences of fungicides. In the present study, an antagonistic Trichoderma afroharzianum isolate TM24 was evaluated for its biocontrol potential on tomato grey mould. The isolate TM24 showed obviously antagonistic effect on B. cinerea mycelium growth and production of glucanase and chitinase. Leaf spraying with spore suspension of isolate TM24 showed a biocontrol efficiency of over 54% against tomato grey mould in greenhouse pot experiment. The activities of plant defense-related enzymes including polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonialyase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase were all increased to varying degrees in tomato leaves after isolate TM24 treatment. Transcriptome analysis showed that, a total of 1941, 1753 and 38 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained at 24, 48 and 72 hpi, respectively, in tomato leaves pretreated with T. afroharzianum TM24, and then challenged with B. cinerea inoculation. The DEGs were mainly enriched in MAPK signaling pathway and plant hormones signal transduction pathway. Multiple genes that regulated crucial nodes of defense-related pathways, like flavonoid, phenylpropanoid, jasmonic acid and ethylene metabolisms were also identified, which may have positive correlations with the biocontrol potential of isolate TM24 in tomato plants. These promising results provided valuable information on using T. afroharzianum TM24 as a beneficial biocontrol agent in tomato grey mould management.
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Rush TA, Shrestha HK, Gopalakrishnan Meena M, Spangler MK, Ellis JC, Labbé JL, Abraham PE. Bioprospecting Trichoderma: A Systematic Roadmap to Screen Genomes and Natural Products for Biocontrol Applications. FRONTIERS IN FUNGAL BIOLOGY 2021; 2:716511. [PMID: 37744103 PMCID: PMC10512312 DOI: 10.3389/ffunb.2021.716511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Natural products derived from microbes are crucial innovations that would help in reaching sustainability development goals worldwide while achieving bioeconomic growth. Trichoderma species are well-studied model fungal organisms used for their biocontrol properties with great potential to alleviate the use of agrochemicals in agriculture. However, identifying and characterizing effective natural products in novel species or strains as biological control products remains a meticulous process with many known challenges to be navigated. Integration of recent advancements in various "omics" technologies, next generation biodesign, machine learning, and artificial intelligence approaches could greatly advance bioprospecting goals. Herein, we propose a roadmap for assessing the potential impact of already known or newly discovered Trichoderma species for biocontrol applications. By screening publicly available Trichoderma genome sequences, we first highlight the prevalence of putative biosynthetic gene clusters and antimicrobial peptides among genomes as an initial step toward predicting which organisms could increase the diversity of natural products. Next, we discuss high-throughput methods for screening organisms to discover and characterize natural products and how these findings impact both fundamental and applied research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás A. Rush
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Him K. Shrestha
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | | | - Margaret K. Spangler
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - J. Christopher Ellis
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Jesse L. Labbé
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Paul E. Abraham
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
- Graduate School of Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
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Sarangi S, Swain H, Adak T, Bhattacharyya P, Mukherjee AK, Kumar G, Mehetre ST. Trichoderma-mediated rice straw compost promotes plant growth and imparts stress tolerance. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:44014-44027. [PMID: 33846916 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rice straw burning is causing huge economic losses and environmental hazards. Microbial mediated ex situ composting could be a viable solution which would not only reduce the straw burning but also will enrich nutrition to the soil. Strains of Trichoderma isolated from tree bark were tested to decompose rice straw efficiently, and the Trichoderma-mediated rice straw compost was used subsequently to improve rice growth. Two isolates of Trichoderma reesei (NRRIT-26 and NRRIT-27) decomposed the straw by producing higher decomposing enzymes, like total cellulase (≥ 1.87 IU mL-1), endoglucanase (≥ 0.75 IU mL-1), xylanase (≥ 163.49 nkat mL-1), and laccase (≥ 11.75 IU mL-1). Trichoderma decomposed rice straw compost had higher nutrient contents (1.97% N, 2.04% K, and 0.88% P) and optimum C/N ratio (28:2) as compared to control. The Trichoderma decomposed rice straw as a nutrient reduced the mean germination time (2.2 days as compared to 4 days in control) and enhanced the seedling vigor and total chlorophyll content in rice. Expression of defense enzymes, like catalase (≥ 200% both in shoot and root), peroxidase (≥ 180% in root and ≥ 300% in shoot), and superoxide dismutase (≥ 160% in root and ≥ 90% in shoot), were higher in treated plants as compared to control indicating higher stress tolerance ability to crops. We conclude that the Trichoderma-mediated rice straw management is a viable option and has the potential to reduce straw burning, and at the same time, the compost could enrich soil fertility and impart intrinsic stress tolerance to rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Sarangi
- Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - Harekrushna Swain
- Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - Totan Adak
- Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - Pratap Bhattacharyya
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - Arup K Mukherjee
- Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India.
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Division of Crop Physiology and Biochemistry, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - Sayaji T Mehetre
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
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Koskey G, Mburu SW, Awino R, Njeru EM, Maingi JM. Potential Use of Beneficial Microorganisms for Soil Amelioration, Phytopathogen Biocontrol, and Sustainable Crop Production in Smallholder Agroecosystems. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.606308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Smallholder agroecosystems play a key role in the world's food security providing more than 50% of the food produced globally. These unique agroecosystems face a myriad of challenges and remain largely unsupported, yet they are thought to be a critical resource for feeding the projected increasing human population in the coming years. The new challenge to increase food production through agricultural intensification in shrinking per capita arable lands, dwindling world economies, and unpredictable climate change, has led to over-dependence on agrochemical inputs that are often costly and hazardous to both human and animal health and the environment. To ensure healthy crop production approaches, the search for alternative ecofriendly strategies that best fit to the smallholder systems have been proposed. The most common and widely accepted solution that has gained a lot of interest among researchers and smallholder farmers is the use of biological agents; mainly plant growth promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) that provide essential agroecosystem services within a holistic vision of enhancing farm productivity and environmental protection. PGPMs play critical roles in agroecological cycles fundamental for soil nutrient amelioration, crop nutrient improvement, plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, biocontrol of pests and diseases, and water uptake. This review explores different research strategies involving the use of beneficial microorganisms, within the unique context of smallholder agroecosystems, to promote sustainable maintenance of plant and soil health and enhance agroecosystem resilience against unpredictable climatic perturbations.
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Swain H, Adak T, Mukherjee AK, Sarangi S, Samal P, Khandual A, Jena R, Bhattacharyya P, Naik SK, Mehetre ST, Baite MS, Kumar M S, Zaidi NW. Seed Biopriming With Trichoderma Strains Isolated From Tree Bark Improves Plant Growth, Antioxidative Defense System in Rice and Enhance Straw Degradation Capacity. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:633881. [PMID: 33717027 PMCID: PMC7952651 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.633881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is a unique report of the utilization of Trichoderma strains collected from even tree barks for rice plant growth, its health management, and paddy straw degradation. Seven different spp. of Trichoderma were characterized according to morphological and molecular tools. Two of the isolated strains, namely Trichoderma hebeiensis and Trichoderma erinaceum, outperformed the other strains. Both of the strains controlled four important rice pathogens, i.e., Rhizoctonia solani (100%), Sclerotium oryzae (84.17%), Sclerotium rolfsii (66.67%), and Sclerotium delphinii (76.25%). Seed bio-priming with respective Trichoderma strains reduced the mean germination time, enhanced the seedling vigor and total chlorophyll content which could be related to the higher yield observed in two rice varieties; Annapurna and Satabdi. All the seven strains accelerated the decomposition of rice straw by producing higher straw degrading enzymes like total cellulase (0.97–2.59 IU/mL), endoglucanase (0.53–0.75 IU/mL), xylanase (145.35–201.35 nkat/mL), and laccase (2.48–12.60 IU/mL). They also produced higher quantities of indole acetic acid (19.19–46.28 μg/mL), soluble phosphate (297.49–435.42 μg/mL), and prussic acid (0.01–0.37 μg/mL) which are responsible for plant growth promotion and the inhibition of rice pathogen populations. Higher expression of defense enzymes like catalase (≥250% both in shoot and root), peroxidase (≥150% in root and ≥100% in shoot), superoxide dismutase (≥ 150% in root and ≥100% in shoot), polyphenol oxidase (≥160% in shoot and ≥120% in shoot), and total phenolics (≥200% in root and ≥250% in shoot) as compared to the control indicates stress tolerance ability to rice crop. The expression of the aforementioned enzymes were confirmed by the expression of corresponding defense genes like PAL (>3-fold), DEFENSIN (>1-fold), POX (>1.5-fold), LOX (>1-fold), and PR-3 (>2-fold) as compared to the non-treated control plants. This investigation demonstrates that Trichoderma strains obtained from tree bark could be considered to be utilized for the sustainable health management of rice crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harekrushna Swain
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India.,Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India
| | - Totan Adak
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Arup K Mukherjee
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Sarmistha Sarangi
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Pankajini Samal
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Ansuman Khandual
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Rupalin Jena
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Pratap Bhattacharyya
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Soumendra K Naik
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India
| | - Sayaji T Mehetre
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, India
| | - Mathew S Baite
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Sunil Kumar M
- International Rice Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Singh J, Singh P, Vaishnav A, Ray S, Rajput RS, Singh SM, Singh HB. Belowground fungal volatiles perception in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) facilitates plant growth under biotic stress. Microbiol Res 2021; 246:126721. [PMID: 33581445 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) have great potential in plant ecophysiology, yet the role of belowground VOCs in plant stress management remains largely obscure. Analysis of biocontrol producing VOCs into the soil allow detailed insight into their interaction with soil borne pathogens for plant disease management. A root interaction trial was set up to evaluate the effects of VOCs released from Trichoderma viride BHU-V2 on soil-inhabiting fungal pathogen and okra plant growth. VOCs released into soil by T. viride BHU-V2 inhibited the growth of collar rot pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii. Okra plants responded to VOCs by increasing the root growth (lateral roots) and total biomass content. VOCs exposure increased defense mechanism in okra plants by inducing different enzyme activities i.e. chitinase (0.89 fold), β-1,3-glucanase (0.42 fold), peroxidase (0.29 fold), polyphenol oxidase (0.33 fold) and phenylalanine lyase (0.7 fold) when inoculated with S. rolfsii. In addition, T. viride BHU-V2 secreted VOCs reduced lipid peroxidation and cell death in okra plants under pathogen inoculated condition. GC/MS analysis of VOCs blend revealed that T. viride BHU-V2 produced more number of antifungal compounds in soil medium as compared to standard medium. Based on the above observations it is concluded that okra plant roots perceive VOCs secreted by T. viride BHU-V2 into soil that involved in induction of plant defense system against S. rolfsii. In an ecological context, the findings reveal that belowground microbial VOCs may play an important role in stress signaling mechanism to interact with plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Singh
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India; Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Prachi Singh
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Anukool Vaishnav
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India.
| | - Shatrupa Ray
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rahul Singh Rajput
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Shiv Mohan Singh
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Harikesh Bahadur Singh
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India; Somvanshi Research Foundation, 13/21, Vikas Nagar, Lucknow, 226022, India.
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Rashad YM, Abdel-Azeem AM. Recent Progress on Trichoderma Secondary Metabolites. Fungal Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-41870-0_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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