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Al-Awaida W, Goh KW, Al-Ameer HJ, Gushchina YS, Torshin VI, Severin AE, Al Bawareed O, Srour B, Al Farraj J, Hamad I. Assessing the Protective Role of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) against Water-Pipe Smoke-Induced Toxicity: A Comparative Study on Gene Expression and Histopathology. Molecules 2023; 28:7502. [PMID: 38005223 PMCID: PMC10673035 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to water-pipe smoking, whether flavored or unflavored, has been shown to instigate inflammation and oxidative stress in BALB/c mice. This consequently results in alterations in the expression of inflammatory markers and antioxidant genes. This study aimed to scrutinize the impact of Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-a key active component of green tea-on inflammation and oxidative stress in BALB/c mice exposed to water-pipe smoke. The experimental setup included a control group, a flavored water-pipe smoke (FWP) group, an unflavored water-pipe smoke (UFWP) group, and EGCG-treated flavored and unflavored groups (FWP + EGCG and UFWP + EGCG). Expression levels of IL-6, IL1B, TNF-α, CAT, GPXI, MT-I, MT-II, SOD-I, SOD-II, and SOD-III were evaluated in lung, liver, and kidney tissues. Histopathological changes were also assessed. The findings revealed that the EGCG-treated groups manifested a significant decline in the expression of inflammatory markers and antioxidant genes compared to the FWP and UFWP groups. This insinuates that EGCG holds the capacity to alleviate the damaging effects of water-pipe smoke-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Moreover, enhancements in histopathological features were observed in the EGCG-treated groups, signifying a protective effect against tissue damage induced by water-pipe smoking. These results underscore the potential of EGCG as a protective agent against the adverse effects of water-pipe smoking. By curbing inflammation and oxidative stress, EGCG may aid in the prevention or mitigation of smoking-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajdy Al-Awaida
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, American University of Madaba, Madaba 11821, Jordan; (B.S.); (J.A.F.)
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia;
| | - Hamzeh J. Al-Ameer
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University (AAU), Amman 19328, Jordan;
| | - Yulia Sh. Gushchina
- Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vladimir I. Torshin
- Department of Normal Physiology, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (V.I.T.); (A.E.S.); (O.A.B.)
| | - Alexandr E. Severin
- Department of Normal Physiology, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (V.I.T.); (A.E.S.); (O.A.B.)
| | - Omar Al Bawareed
- Department of Normal Physiology, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (V.I.T.); (A.E.S.); (O.A.B.)
| | - Besan Srour
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, American University of Madaba, Madaba 11821, Jordan; (B.S.); (J.A.F.)
| | - Jude Al Farraj
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, American University of Madaba, Madaba 11821, Jordan; (B.S.); (J.A.F.)
| | - Islam Hamad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, Madaba 11821, Jordan;
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Aguida B, Chabi MM, Baouz S, Mould R, Bell JD, Pooam M, André S, Archambault D, Ahmad M, Jourdan N. Near-Infrared Light Exposure Triggers ROS to Downregulate Inflammatory Cytokines Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Human Cell Culture. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1824. [PMID: 37891903 PMCID: PMC10604116 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The leading cause of mortality from SARS-CoV-2 is an exaggerated host immune response, triggering cytokine storms, multiple organ failure and death. Current drug- and vaccine-based therapies are of limited efficacy against novel viral variants. Infrared therapy is a non-invasive and safe method that has proven effective against inflammatory conditions for over 100 years. However, its mechanism of action is poorly understood and has not received widespread acceptance. We herein investigate whether near-infrared (NIR) light exposure in human primary alveolar and macrophage cells could downregulate inflammatory cytokines triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and via what underlying mechanism. Our results showed a dramatic reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines within days of NIR light treatment, while anti-inflammatory cytokines were upregulated. Mechanistically, NIR light stimulated mitochondrial metabolism, induced transient bursts in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activated antioxidant gene transcription. These, in turn, downregulated ROS and inflammatory cytokines. A causal relationship was shown between the induction of cellular ROS by NIR light exposure and the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines triggered by SARS-CoV-2 S. If confirmed by clinical trials, this method would provide an immediate defense against novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and other inflammatory infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanche Aguida
- UMR8256, CNRS, IBPS, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France; (B.A.)
| | | | - Soria Baouz
- UMR8256, CNRS, IBPS, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France; (B.A.)
| | - Rhys Mould
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK (J.D.B.)
| | - Jimmy D. Bell
- Research Centre for Optimal Health, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK (J.D.B.)
| | - Marootpong Pooam
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Sebastien André
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches, NutriOmics, Research Unit, Sorbonne University, INSERM, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Dominique Archambault
- Laboratoire CHArt, University of Paris 8-Vincennes-Saint-Denis, 93526 Saint-Denis, France
| | - Margaret Ahmad
- UMR8256, CNRS, IBPS, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France; (B.A.)
- Department of Biology, Xavier University, 3800 Victory Parkway, Cincinnati, OH 45207, USA
| | - Nathalie Jourdan
- UMR8256, CNRS, IBPS, Sorbonne University, 75005 Paris, France; (B.A.)
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Xie Z, Yu G, Yun Y, Zhang X, Shen M, Jia M, Li A, Zhang H, Wang T, Zhang J, Zhang L. Effects of bamboo leaf extract on energy metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and biogenesis of small intestine mitochondria in broilers. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skac391. [PMID: 36440554 PMCID: PMC9833010 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of bamboo leaf extract (BLE) on energy metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and biogenesis of broilers' small intestine mitochondria. A total of 384 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates each for 42 d. The control group was fed a basal diet, whereas the BLE1, BLE2, and BLE3 groups consumed basal diets with 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 g/kg of BLE, respectively. Some markers of mitochondrial energy metabolism including isocitrate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase and some markers of redox system including total superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and glutathione were measured by commercial colorimetric kits. Mitochondrial and cellular antioxidant genes, mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes, and mitochondrial DNA copy number were measured by quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Data were analyzed using the SPSS 19.0, and differences were considered as significant at P < 0.05. BLE supplementation linearly increased jejunal mitochondrial isocitrate dehydrogenase (P < 0.05) and total superoxide dismutase (P < 0.05) activity. The ileal manganese superoxide dismutase mRNA expression was linearly affected by increased dietary BLE supplementation (P < 0.05). Increasing BLE supplementation linearly increased jejunal sirtuin 1 (P < 0.05) and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (P < 0.05) mRNA expression. Linear (P < 0.05) and quadratic (P < 0.05) responses of the ileal nuclear respiratory factor 2 mRNA expression occurred with increased dietary BLE levels. In conclusion, BLE supplementation was beneficial to the energy metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and biogenesis of small intestine mitochondria in broilers. The dose of 4.0 g/kg BLE demonstrated the best effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechen Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Ge Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Minghui Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Anqi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Jingfei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
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Yang C, Lu H, Li E, Oladele P, Ajuwon KM. Inulin supplementation induces expression of hypothalamic antioxidant defence genes in weaned piglets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:157-164. [PMID: 35253266 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Fibre plays an important role in diluting dietary energy density. Fibre is also implicated in the regulation of appetite, perhaps through direct effects in the brain. However, there is little information on this effect in pigs. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of fibre type in regulating the expression of genes involved in appetite control, inflammation and antioxidant defence in the hypothalamus of weaned piglets. A total of 64 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire barrows at 37 days old were blocked by body weight and allotted to two dietary treatments, supplementation with either 0.25% cellulose (Solka-Floc) or inulin (INU) for 28 days, after which animals were killed for analysis. Pigs fed INU had a tendency (p = 0.06) for reduced feed intake in the first week, although this effect disappeared in subsequent weeks. Pigs supplemented with INU had lower expression of dopamine (dopamine receptor D2), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B), free fatty acid (GPR43) and neuropeptide Y receptor Y2 receptors in the hypothalamus (p < 0.05). Expression of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene in the hypothalamus also tended (p = 0.09) to be lower for pigs fed INU. The abundance of antioxidant defence genes, superoxide dismutase (SOD1) and catalase, were greater (p < 0.05) but that of a proinflammatory gene, interleukin 1β, was lower (p < 0.05) in the hypothalamus of pigs fed INU. Therefore, consumption of INU causes downregulation of inflammation in the hypothalamus and regulation of the abundance of serotonin or dopamine receptors, and may also increase antioxidant defence through upregulation of SOD and catalase in weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Yang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,College of Life Sciences and Environment, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hang Lu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Enkai Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Paul Oladele
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Kolapo M Ajuwon
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Li G, Zhang C, Wang H, Xia W, Zhang X, Liu Z, Wang Y, Zhao H, Xu B. Characterisation of the heat shock protein Tid and its involvement in stress response regulation in Apis cerana. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1068873. [PMID: 36620206 PMCID: PMC9813389 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1068873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The impact of various environmental stresses on native Apis cerana cerana fitness has attracted intense attention in China. However, the defence responses of A. cerana cerana to different stressors are poorly understood. Here, we aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanism mediated by the tumorous imaginal discs (Tid) protein of A. cerana cerana (AccTid) in response to stressors. Methods: We used some bioinformatics softwares to analyse the characterisation of Tid. Then, qRT-PCR, RNA interference and heat resistance detection assays were used to explore the function of Tid in stress response in A. cerana cerana. Results: AccTid is a homologous gene of human Tid1 and Drosophila Tid56, contains a conserved J domain and belongs to the heat shock protein DnaJA subfamily. The level of AccTid induced expression was increased under temperature increases from 40°C to 43°C and 46°C, and AccTid knockdown decreased the heat resistance of A. cerana cerana, indicating that the upregulation of AccTid plays an important role when A. cerana cerana is exposed to heat stress. Interestingly, contrary to the results of heat stress treatment, the transcriptional level of AccTid was inhibited by cold, H2O2 and some agrochemical stresses and showed no significant change under ultraviolet ray and sodium arsenite stress. These results suggested that the requirement of A. cerana cerana for Tid differs markedly under different stress conditions. In addition, knockdown of AccTid increased the mRNA levels of some Hsps and antioxidant genes. The upregulation of these Hsps and antioxidant genes may be a functional complement of AccTid knockdown. Conclusion: AccTid plays a crucial role in A. cerana cerana stress responses and may mediate oxidative damage caused by various stresses. Our findings will offer fundamental knowledge for further investigations of the defence mechanism of A. cerana cerana against environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Chenghao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Hongfang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Wenli Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Hang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China,*Correspondence: Hang Zhao, ; Baohua Xu,
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Hang Zhao, ; Baohua Xu,
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Iborra M, Moret I, Busó E, García-Giménez JL, Ricart E, Gisbert JP, Cabré E, Esteve M, Márquez-Mosquera L, García-Planella E, Guardiola J, Pallardó FV, Serena C, Algaba-Chueca F, Domenech E, Nos P, Beltrán B. The Genetic Diversity and Dysfunctionality of Catalase Associated with a Worse Outcome in Crohn's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415881. [PMID: 36555526 PMCID: PMC9785615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic gut inflammation in Crohn’s disease (CD) is associated with an increase in oxidative stress and an imbalance of antioxidant enzymes. We have previously shown that catalase (CAT) activity is permanently inhibited by CD. The purpose of the study was to determine whether there is any relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CAT enzyme and the potential risk of CD associated with high levels of oxidative stress. Additionally, we used protein and regulation analyses to determine what causes long-term CAT inhibition in peripheral white mononuclear cells (PWMCs) in both active and inactive CD. We first used a retrospective cohort of 598 patients with CD and 625 age-matched healthy controls (ENEIDA registry) for the genotype analysis. A second human cohort was used to study the functional and regulatory mechanisms of CAT in CD. We isolated PWMCs from CD patients at the onset of the disease (naïve CD patients). In the genotype-association SNP analysis, the CAT SNPs rs1001179, rs475043, and rs525938 showed a significant association with CD (p < 0.001). Smoking CD patients with the CAT SNP rs475043 A/G genotype had significantly more often penetrating disease (p = 0.009). The gene expression and protein levels of CAT were permanently reduced in the active and inactive CD patients. The inhibition of CAT activity in the PWMCs of the CD patients was related to a low concentration of CAT protein caused by the downregulation of CAT-gene transcription. Our study suggests an association between CAT SNPs and the risk of CD that may explain permanent CAT inhibition in CD patients together with low CAT gene and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Iborra
- Gastroenterology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Inés Moret
- Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Busó
- Central Unit for Research in Medicine (UCIM), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Ricart
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Clìnic de Barcelona, CIBEREHD, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier P. Gisbert
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), CIBEREHD, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Cabré
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBEREHD, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Maria Esteve
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari Mutua de Terrassa, CIBEREHD, 08221 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Márquez-Mosquera
- Servei de Digestiu, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther García-Planella
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Guardiola
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Hospital de Llobregat-Barcelona, 08901 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Spanish Institute of Health Carlos III, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Center for Biomedical Research Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carolina Serena
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Eugeni Domenech
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, CIBEREHD, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Pilar Nos
- Gastroenterology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Belén Beltrán
- Hospital Vithas Virgen del Consuelo, 46007 Valencia, Spain
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Tavleeva MM, Belykh ES, Rybak AV, Rasova EE, Chernykh AA, Ismailov ZB, Velegzhaninov IO. Effects of Antioxidant Gene Overexpression on Stress Resistance and Malignization In Vitro and In Vivo: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11. [PMID: 36552527 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are normal products of a number of biochemical reactions and are important signaling molecules. However, at the same time, they are toxic to cells and have to be strictly regulated by their antioxidant systems. The etiology and pathogenesis of many diseases are associated with increased ROS levels, and many external stress factors directly or indirectly cause oxidative stress in cells. Within this context, the overexpression of genes encoding the proteins in antioxidant systems seems to have become a viable approach to decrease the oxidative stress caused by pathological conditions and to increase cellular stress resistance. However, such manipulations unavoidably lead to side effects, the most dangerous of which is an increased probability of healthy tissue malignization or increased tumor aggression. The aims of the present review were to collect and systematize the results of studies devoted to the effects resulting from the overexpression of antioxidant system genes on stress resistance and carcinogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In most cases, the overexpression of these genes was shown to increase cell and organism resistances to factors that induce oxidative and genotoxic stress but to also have different effects on cancer initiation and promotion. The last fact greatly limits perspectives of such manipulations in practice. The overexpression of GPX3 and SOD3 encoding secreted proteins seems to be the "safest" among the genes that can increase cell resistance to oxidative stress. High efficiency and safety potential can also be found for SOD2 overexpression in combinations with GPX1 or CAT and for similar combinations that lead to no significant changes in H2O2 levels. Accumulation, systematization, and the integral analysis of data on antioxidant gene overexpression effects can help to develop approaches for practical uses in biomedical and agricultural areas. Additionally, a number of factors such as genetic and functional context, cell and tissue type, differences in the function of transcripts of one and the same gene, regulatory interactions, and additional functions should be taken into account.
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Vimal N, Angmo N, Sengupta M, Seth RK. Radiation Hormesis to Improve the Quality of Adult Spodoptera litura (Fabr.). Insects 2022; 13:933. [PMID: 36292881 PMCID: PMC9604102 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mass rearing of insects of high biological quality is a crucial attribute for the successful implementation of sterile insect release programs. Various ontogenetic stages of Spodoptera litura (Fabr.) were treated with a range of low doses of ionizing radiation (0.25-1.25 Gy) to assess whether these gamma doses could elicit a stimulating effect on the growth and viability of developing moths. Doses in the range of 0.75 Gy to 1.0 Gy administered to eggs positively influenced pupal weight, adult emergence, and growth index, with a faster developmental period. The enhanced longevity of adults derived from eggs treated with 0.75 Gy and 1.0 Gy, and for larvae and pupae treated with 1.0 Gy, indicated a hormetic effect on these life stages. Furthermore, the use of these hormetic doses upregulated the relative mRNA expression of genes associated with longevity (foxo, sirtuin 2 like/sirt1, atg8) and viability/antioxidative function (cat and sod), suggesting a positive hormetic effect at the transcriptional level. These results indicated the potential use of low dose irradiation (0.75-1 Gy) on preimaginal stages as hormetic doses to improve the quality of the reared moths. This might increase the efficiency of the inherited sterility technique for the management of these lepidopteran pests.
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Quan K, Cao Z, Xu Q, Zhu M, Liu X, Dai M. A web-based calculator for predicting the prognosis of patients with sarcoma on the basis of antioxidant gene signatures. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14. [PMID: 35143416 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress plays a critical role in tumorigenesis, tumor development, and resistance to therapy. A systematic analysis of the interactions between antioxidant gene expression and the prognosis of patients with sarcoma is lacking but urgently needed. Methods: Gene expression and clinical data of patients with sarcoma were derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas Sarcoma (training cohort) and Gene Expression Omnibus (validation cohorts) databases. Least absolute shrinkage, selection operator regression, and Cox regression were used to develop prognostic signatures for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Based on the signatures and clinical features, two nomograms for predicting 2-, 4-, and 6-year OS and DFS were established. Results: On the basis of the training cohort, we identified five-gene (CHAC2, GPX5, GSTK1, PXDN, and S100A9) and six-gene (GGTLC2, GLO1, GPX7, GSTK1, GSTM5, and IPCEF1) signatures for predicting OS and DFS, respectively, in patients with sarcoma. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of the training and validation cohorts revealed that patients in the high-risk group had a significantly poorer prognosis than those in the low-risk group. On the basis of the signatures and other independent risk factors, we established two models for predicting OS and DFS that showed excellent calibration and discrimination. For the convenience of clinical application, we built web-based calculators (OS: https://quankun.shinyapps.io/sarcOS/; DFS: https://quankun.shinyapps.io/sarcDFS/). Conclusions: The antioxidant gene signature models established in this study can be novel prognostic predictors for sarcoma.
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Xu Y, Huang X, Luo Q, Zhang X. MicroRNAs Involved in Oxidative Stress Processes Regulating Physiological and Pathological Responses. Microrna 2021; 10:164-180. [PMID: 34279211 DOI: 10.2174/2211536610666210716153929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress influences several physiological and pathological cellular events, including cell differentiation, excessive growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and the inflammatory response. Therefore, oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including pulmonary fibrosis, epilepsy, hypertension, atherosclerosis, Parkinson's disease, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies have shown that several microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in developing various diseases caused by oxidative stress and that miRNAs may be helpful to determine the inflammatory characteristics of immune responses during infection and disease. This review describes the known effects of miRNAs on reactive oxygen species to induce oxidative stress and the miRNA regulatory mechanisms involved in the uncoupling of Keap1-Nrf2 complexes. Finally, we summarized the functions of miRNAs in several antioxidant genes. Understanding the crosstalk between miRNAs and oxidative stress-inducing factors during physiological and pathological cellular events may have implications for designing more effective treatments for immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas, School of Life Science of Jiaying University, Guangdong Innovation Centre for Science and Technology of Wuhua Yellow Chicken, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Xunhe Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas, School of Life Science of Jiaying University, Guangdong Innovation Centre for Science and Technology of Wuhua Yellow Chicken, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Qingbin Luo
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science/ Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science/ Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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11
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Shanaka KASN, Jung S, Janson ND, Jayasingha JRP, Madushani KP, Kim MJ, Lee J. Growth and Antioxidant-Related Effects of the Reestablished Ascorbic Acid Pathway in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) by Genomic Integration of L-Gulonolactone Oxidase From Cloudy Catshark ( Scyliorhinus torazame). Front Physiol 2021; 12:685595. [PMID: 34290620 PMCID: PMC8287572 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.685595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of L-gulonolactone oxidase (GULO), which catalyzes the last step of the ascorbic acid (AA) biosynthesis pathway, results in a complete lack of AA in several Osteichthyes fish species, including zebrafish. In this study, sGULO, the active GULO gene from cloudy catshark (Scyliorhinus torazame) was cloned into zebrafish using the Gateway cloning method. The resulting Tg(b-actin:sGULO:mCherry) fish were analyzed for the effects of a reestablished AA pathway. Fluorescent microscopy and PCR were used to analyze the integration of the construct into the zebrafish genome. Catalytic activity of sGULO, AA production, growth-related characteristics, and gene expression were investigated to evaluate the effects of AA production in Tg fish. The mCherry fluorescent protein indicated the proper integration and expression of the sGULO construct in zebrafish. The sGULO gene was ubiquitously expressed in all the studied tissues and the enzyme activity indicated an increased AA production in Tg fish. The growth of Tg fish was also increased, and antioxidant system analysis suggests that reactive oxygen species production was reduced in Tg fish compared with wild type. Expression of the AA transporter slc23a1 was significantly downregulated in Tg homozygous fish. These results collectively indicate the effects of reestablished AA synthesis in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A S N Shanaka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea.,Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Sumi Jung
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea.,Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - N D Janson
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea.,Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - J R P Jayasingha
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea.,Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - K P Madushani
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea.,Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea.,Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
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12
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Kramer BH, Nehring V, Buttstedt A, Heinze J, Korb J, Libbrecht R, Meusemann K, Paxton RJ, Séguret A, Schaub F, Bernadou A. Oxidative stress and senescence in social insects: a significant but inconsistent link? Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20190732. [PMID: 33678022 PMCID: PMC7938172 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The life-prolonging effects of antioxidants have long entered popular culture, but the scientific community still debates whether free radicals and the resulting oxidative stress negatively affect longevity. Social insects are intriguing models for analysing the relationship between oxidative stress and senescence because life histories differ vastly between long-lived reproductives and the genetically similar but short-lived workers. Here, we present the results of an experiment on the accumulation of oxidative damage to proteins, and a comparative analysis of the expression of 20 selected genes commonly involved in managing oxidative damage, across four species of social insects: a termite, two bees and an ant. Although the source of analysed tissue varied across the four species, our results suggest that oxidative stress is a significant factor in senescence and that its manifestation and antioxidant defenses differ among species, making it difficult to find general patterns. More detailed and controlled investigations on why responses to oxidative stress may differ across social species may lead to a better understanding of the relations between oxidative stress, antioxidants, social life history and senescence. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ageing and sociality: why, when and how does sociality change ageing patterns?'
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris H. Kramer
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Theoretical Research in Evolutionary Life Sciences, RUG, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Volker Nehring
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute of Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 1, 79104 Freiburg (Brsg.), Germany
| | - Anja Buttstedt
- Institute for Biology - Molecular Ecology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Saale, Hoher Weg 4, 06099 Halle, Germany
| | - Jürgen Heinze
- Zoology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Judith Korb
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute of Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 1, 79104 Freiburg (Brsg.), Germany
| | - Romain Libbrecht
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (IOME), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Karen Meusemann
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute of Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 1, 79104 Freiburg (Brsg.), Germany
| | - Robert J. Paxton
- Institute for Biology - General Zoology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Alice Séguret
- Institute for Biology - General Zoology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Florentine Schaub
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute of Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 1, 79104 Freiburg (Brsg.), Germany
| | - Abel Bernadou
- Zoology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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13
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Swain H, Adak T, Mukherjee AK, Sarangi S, Samal P, Khandual A, Jena R, Bhattacharyya P, Naik SK, Mehetre ST, Baite MS, Kumar M S, Zaidi NW. Seed Biopriming With Trichoderma Strains Isolated From Tree Bark Improves Plant Growth, Antioxidative Defense System in Rice and Enhance Straw Degradation Capacity. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:633881. [PMID: 33717027 PMCID: PMC7952651 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.633881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is a unique report of the utilization of Trichoderma strains collected from even tree barks for rice plant growth, its health management, and paddy straw degradation. Seven different spp. of Trichoderma were characterized according to morphological and molecular tools. Two of the isolated strains, namely Trichoderma hebeiensis and Trichoderma erinaceum, outperformed the other strains. Both of the strains controlled four important rice pathogens, i.e., Rhizoctonia solani (100%), Sclerotium oryzae (84.17%), Sclerotium rolfsii (66.67%), and Sclerotium delphinii (76.25%). Seed bio-priming with respective Trichoderma strains reduced the mean germination time, enhanced the seedling vigor and total chlorophyll content which could be related to the higher yield observed in two rice varieties; Annapurna and Satabdi. All the seven strains accelerated the decomposition of rice straw by producing higher straw degrading enzymes like total cellulase (0.97–2.59 IU/mL), endoglucanase (0.53–0.75 IU/mL), xylanase (145.35–201.35 nkat/mL), and laccase (2.48–12.60 IU/mL). They also produced higher quantities of indole acetic acid (19.19–46.28 μg/mL), soluble phosphate (297.49–435.42 μg/mL), and prussic acid (0.01–0.37 μg/mL) which are responsible for plant growth promotion and the inhibition of rice pathogen populations. Higher expression of defense enzymes like catalase (≥250% both in shoot and root), peroxidase (≥150% in root and ≥100% in shoot), superoxide dismutase (≥ 150% in root and ≥100% in shoot), polyphenol oxidase (≥160% in shoot and ≥120% in shoot), and total phenolics (≥200% in root and ≥250% in shoot) as compared to the control indicates stress tolerance ability to rice crop. The expression of the aforementioned enzymes were confirmed by the expression of corresponding defense genes like PAL (>3-fold), DEFENSIN (>1-fold), POX (>1.5-fold), LOX (>1-fold), and PR-3 (>2-fold) as compared to the non-treated control plants. This investigation demonstrates that Trichoderma strains obtained from tree bark could be considered to be utilized for the sustainable health management of rice crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harekrushna Swain
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India.,Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India
| | - Totan Adak
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Arup K Mukherjee
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Sarmistha Sarangi
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Pankajini Samal
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Ansuman Khandual
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Rupalin Jena
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Pratap Bhattacharyya
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Soumendra K Naik
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India
| | - Sayaji T Mehetre
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, India
| | - Mathew S Baite
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - Sunil Kumar M
- International Rice Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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14
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Zhang J, Chen J, Yang J, Gong S, Zheng J, Xu G. Effects of Lard and Vegetable Oils Supplementation Quality and Concentration on Laying Performance, Egg Quality and Liver Antioxidant Genes Expression in Hy-Line Brown. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:769. [PMID: 33802056 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of various types, quality, and levels of dietary oils on laying performance and the expression patterns of antioxidant-related genes in Hy-line brown laying hens. A total of 720 40-week-old Hy-line brown laying hens were fed the same corn-soybean basal meals but containing 0.5 or 1.5% normal or oxidized soybean oil or lard, a total of 8 treatments. The results showed that laying rate (LR) and fatty acids of raw yolk were significantly correlated dietary type of oil (p < 0.05). With the increasing concentration of normal oil, it significantly increased LR and decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR, feed/egg) and albumen height of laying hens. The oxidized oil significant decreased the production performance of laying hens; and adding 1.5% of oxidized lard into feeds could destroy the integrity of yolk spheres of cooked yolk. mRNA expression of liver antioxidant-related genes increased when dietary oxidized oils were added into feeds. By comparing different qualities oil effect on antioxidant-related genes, the expression of Glutathione S-Transferase Theta 1 (GSTT1), Glutathione S-Transferase Alpha 3 (GSTA3), Glutathione S-Transferase Omega 2 (GSTO2), and Superoxide Dismutase 2 (SOD2) were increased when dietary oils were oxidized, in which change of the GSTO2 expression was the most with 1.5% of oxidized soybean oil. In conclusion, the ideal type of oil for Hy-line brown layer hens is soybean comparing with lard in a corn-soybean diet, avoiding using of oxidized oil.
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Erdman VV, Matua AZ, Nasibullin TR, Tuktarova IA, Goruhchieva FA, Trapsh KZ, Amaba ST, Ahuba LO, Smyr SD, Danilko KV, Viltorova TV. [Complex association analysis of antioxidant genes polymorphic DNA-markers with age in the ethnic group of Abkhazians.]. Adv Gerontol 2021; 34:360-366. [PMID: 34409814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For the first time in the ethnic group of Abkhazians, the association analysis of polymorphic DNA-markers of the antioxidant genes CAT (rs1001179), MSRA (rs10098474), GPX1 (rs1050450), GSR (rs1002149), GSTP1 (rs1695), SOD1 (rs2070424), SOD2 (rs4880), PON1 (rs662), PON2 (rs7493) with age was performed. Using ROC-analysis and logistic regression, it was found that the spectrum of alleles and genotypes frequencies of PON1 and GSTP1 genes polymorphic markers change throughout the studied age period (21-107 years old); the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of CAT and SOD2 genes polymorphic markers changes within the age of 60 years. Multilocus genetic markers of longevity were determined by the Monte Carlo Markov chain method. Among persons in the age range 60-107 years, the frequency of observation of the patterns GSTP1*G/G+PON1*G (OR=6,59, PFDR=0,018) and GSTP1*G/G+SOD1*A (OR=3,4, PFDR=0,041) is statistically significantly increased; the GSTP1*A allele in various combinations with the PON1*A, PON2*C and CAT*C alleles are less common (OR=0,3, PFDR<0,05).
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Erdman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Branch of the Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 pr. Oktyabrya, Ufa 450054, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - A Z Matua
- Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy of Abkhazian Academy of Sciences, 66 Mount Trapezia, Sukhum 384900, Abkhazia
| | - T R Nasibullin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Branch of the Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 pr. Oktyabrya, Ufa 450054, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - I A Tuktarova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Branch of the Ufa Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 pr. Oktyabrya, Ufa 450054, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - F A Goruhchieva
- Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy of Abkhazian Academy of Sciences, 66 Mount Trapezia, Sukhum 384900, Abkhazia
| | - K Z Trapsh
- Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy of Abkhazian Academy of Sciences, 66 Mount Trapezia, Sukhum 384900, Abkhazia
| | - S T Amaba
- Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy of Abkhazian Academy of Sciences, 66 Mount Trapezia, Sukhum 384900, Abkhazia
| | - L O Ahuba
- Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy of Abkhazian Academy of Sciences, 66 Mount Trapezia, Sukhum 384900, Abkhazia
| | - S D Smyr
- Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy of Abkhazian Academy of Sciences, 66 Mount Trapezia, Sukhum 384900, Abkhazia
| | - K V Danilko
- Bashkir State Medical University, 3 Lenin str., Ufa 450008, Russian Federation
| | - T V Viltorova
- Bashkir State Medical University, 3 Lenin str., Ufa 450008, Russian Federation
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16
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Yin Y, Zhu P, Luo T, Xia X. Association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in antioxidant genes and their gene-gene interactions with risk of male infertility in a Chinese population. Biomed Rep 2020; 13:49-54. [PMID: 32494361 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant defense system protects DNA from the damaging effects of oxidative stress and is hypothesized to be associated with an increased risk of male infertility. Polymorphisms in antioxidant genes and the gene-gene interactions associated with the antioxidant system may increase the potential risk of male infertility. In the present case-controlled study, the individual link between seven gene polymorphisms (NQO1 rs1800566, SOD2 rs4880, GSTM3 rs1571858, rs3814309, rs7483, GSTM5 rs11807 and GSTP1 rs1695) and the risk of male infertility was investigated. A total of 248 idiopathic infertility patients and 310 fertile controls were selected, and genotyping was performed using the Mass ARRAY platform. There were no significant associations between the seven polymorphisms and risk of male infertility. However, the analysis of gene-gene interactions showed a decreased risk of male infertility in GSTM3 rs3814309/NQO1 rs1800566 [CC x CT/TT; odds ratio (OR)=0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.34-0.92; P=0.022), and a significant association between a gene-gene interaction in GSTM3 rs1571858/NQO1 rs1800566 and azoospermia (AG/GG x CC; OR=3.84, 95% CI=1.25-11.81; P=0.019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Yin
- Research Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Peiran Zhu
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xinyi Xia
- Research Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China.,Department of Reproduction and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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17
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Kim H, Wang H, Abassi S, Ki JS. The herbicide alachlor severely affects photosystem function and photosynthetic gene expression in the marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum. J Environ Sci Health B 2020; 55:620-629. [PMID: 32364417 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2020.1755198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Alachlor is one of the most widely used herbicides and can remain in agricultural soils and wastewater. The toxicity of alachlor to marine life has been rarely studied; therefore, we evaluated the physiological and transcriptional responses in the marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum. The herbicide led to considerable decreases in P. minimum cell numbers and pigment contents. The EC50 was determined to be 0.373 mg/L. Photosynthesis efficiency and chlorophyll autofluorescence dramatically decreased with increasing alachlor dose and exposure time. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the photosynthesis-related genes PmpsbA, PmatpB, and PmrbcL were induced the most by alachlor; the transcriptional level of each gene varied with time. PmrbcL expression increased after 30 min of alachlor treatment, whereas PmatpB and PmpsbA increased after 24 h. The PmpsbA expression level was highest (5.0 times compared to control) after 6 h of alachlor treatment. There was no significant change in PmpsaA expression with varying treatment time or concentration. Additionally, there was no notable change in the expression of antioxidant genes PmGST and PmKatG, or in ROS accumulation. These suggest that alachlor may affect microalgal photosystem function, with little oxidative stress, causing severe physiological damage to the cells, and even cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansol Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sofia Abassi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jang-Seu Ki
- Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea
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18
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Song ZL, Bai F, Zhang B, Fang J. Synthesis of Dithiolethiones and Identification of Potential Neuroprotective Agents via Activation of Nrf2-Driven Antioxidant Enzymes. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:2214-2231. [PMID: 31986030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of neurodegenerative disorders, and accordingly, dietary supplement of exogenous antioxidants or/and upregulation of the endogenous antioxidant defense system are promising for therapeutic intervention or chemoprevention of neurodegenerative diseases. Nrf2, a master regulator of the cellular antioxidant machinery, cardinally participates in the transcription of cytoprotective genes against oxidative/electrophilic stresses. Herein, we report the synthesis of 59 structurally diverse dithiolethiones and evaluation of their neuroprotection against 6-hydroxydopamine- or H2O2-induced oxidative damages in PC12 cells, a neuron-like rat pheochromocytoma cell line. Initial screening identified compounds 10 and 11 having low cytotoxicity but conferring remarkable protection on PC12 cells from oxidative-mediated damages. Further studies demonstrated that both compounds upregulated a battery of antioxidant genes as well as corresponding genes' products. Significantly, silence of Nrf2 expression abolishes cytoprotection of 10 and 11, indicating targeting Nrf2 activation is pivotal for their cellular functions. Taken together, the two lead compounds discovered here with potent neuroprotective functions against oxidative stress via Nrf2 activation merit further development as therapeutic or chemopreventive candidates for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Long Song
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Feifei Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Baoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
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19
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Samsatly J, Bayen S, Jabaji SH. Vitamin B6 Is Under a Tight Balance During Disease Development by Rhizoctonia solani on Different Cultivars of Potato and on Arabidopsis thaliana Mutants. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:875. [PMID: 32670323 PMCID: PMC7327096 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B6 is well recognized as an essential antioxidant and plays a role in stress responses. Co-expression of plant and pathogen-derived vitamin B6 genes is critical during disease development of R. solani. However, little is known about the functionality of vitamin B6 vitamers during plant-R. solani interactions and their involvement in disease tolerance. Here, we explored the possible involvement of vitamin B6 during disease progression of potato cultivars of different susceptibility levels to R. solani. A distinct pattern of gene expression, pyridoxine (PN) concentration, and fungal biomass was found in the susceptible cv. Russet Burbank and tolerant cv. Chieftain. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in R. solani mycelia or plant tissues applying non-fluorescence or fluorescence methods was related to up-regulation in the vitamin B6 pathway and is indicative of oxidative stress. Russet Burbank was susceptible to R. solani, which was linked to reduced amounts of VB6 content. Prior to infection, constitutive PN levels were significantly higher in Russet Burbank by 1.6-fold compared to Chieftain. Upon infection with R. solani, PN levels in infected tissues increased more in Chieftain (1.7-fold) compared to Russet Burbank (1.4-fold). R. solani AG3 infection of potato sprouts in both cultivars significantly activates the fungal and plant vitamin B6 and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genes in a tissue-specific response. Significant fold increases of transcript abundance of the fungal genes ranged from a minimum of 3.60 (RsolSG3GST) to a maximum of 13.91 (RsolAG3PDX2) in the surrounding necrotic lesion tissues (zone 1). On the other hand, PCA showed that the top plant genes STGST and STPDX1.1 were linked to both tissues of necrotic lesions (zone 2) and their surrounding areas of necrotic lesions. Functional characterization of Arabidopsis pdx1.3 mutants challenged with R. solani provided evidence into the role of the vitamin B6 pathway in the maintenance of plant tolerance during disease progression. Overall, we demonstrate that the production of vitamin VB6 is under tight control and is an essential determinant of disease development during the interaction of R. solani with potato cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Samsatly
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Suha H. Jabaji
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Suha H. Jabaji,
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Wójcik KM, Piekarska A, Szymańska B, Jabłonowska E. NFE2L2 is associated with NQO1 expression and low stage of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. ADV CLIN EXP MED 2019; 28:1237-1241. [PMID: 30929321 DOI: 10.17219/acem/105852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is extremely important in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV). In response to oxidative stress, adaptive antioxidant defenses are upregulated in the liver. The balance between antioxidant response and oxidative stress plays a key role in hepatic injury in HCV infection. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to assess the hepatic expression of the antioxidant genes GFER (growth factor erv1-like) and NQO1 (NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1) and the regulatory gene NFE2L2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2) in liver biopsy specimens obtained from chronic HCV patients with regard to selected clinical parameters and histology, and to determine whether GFER and NQO1 expression is dependent on NFE2L2. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study group consisted of 42 patients with chronic HCV. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression of antioxidant and regulatory genes in liver biopsy samples. RESULTS Positive correlation was observed between the hepatic expression of NFE2L2 and NQO1 in the chronic HCV patients (p < 0.0001). The hepatic expression of NFE2L2 was significantly lower in patients with advanced liver fibrosis (p = 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the hepatic expression of GFER and NQO1 in relation to the progression of liver steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS The hepatic expression of NFE2L2 is associated with NQO1 and low stage of hepatic fibrosis in patients infected with HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Piekarska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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Rubio S, Noriega X, Pérez FJ. Abscisic acid (ABA) and low temperatures synergistically increase the expression of CBF/DREB1 transcription factors and cold-hardiness in grapevine dormant buds. Ann Bot 2019; 123:681-689. [PMID: 30418484 PMCID: PMC6417478 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It has been reported that low temperatures (LTs) and the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) induce the expression of CBF/DREB1 transcription factors in vegetative tissues and seedlings of Vitis vinifera and Vitis riparia and that foliar applications of ABA to V. vinifera increase the freezing tolerance or cold-hardiness of dormant buds. However, the combined effect of ABA and LTs on the expression of CBF/DREB1 transcription factors and on the acquisition of freezing tolerance in dormant grapevine buds has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to analyse the combined effect of ABA and LT treatments on the expression of CBF/DREB transcription factors and the acquisition of freezing tolerance. METHODS In vitro experiments with single-bud cuttings of grapevines were used to analyse the effect of ABA, ABA + LT and LT on the expression of CBF/DREB transcription factors, dehydrin and antioxidant genes, the acquisition of freezing tolerance and the endogenous content of ABA. Gene expression analysis was performed by quantitative real-time PCR and freezing tolerance was determined by measuring the low-temperature exotherm by differential thermal analysis. ABA levels were determined by gas chromatography coupled to an electron capture detector. KEY RESULTS The LT treatment and exogenous application of ABA to grapevine dormant buds increased the expression of the CBF/DREB1 transcription factors VvCBF2, VvCBF3, VvCBF4 and VvCBF6. The joint application of LT and ABA produced a huge increase in the expression of these transcription factors, which was greater than the sum of the increases produced by them individually, which indicates the existence of a synergistic effect between ABA and LT on the activation of these transcription factors. This synergic effect was also observed on the increase in bud cold-hardiness and on the expression of antioxidant and dehydrin genes. CONCLUSIONS The synergy between ABA and LT on the expression of CBF/DREB1 transcription factors VvCBF2, VvCBF3, VvCBF4 and VvCBF6 plays a key role in cold acclimatization of grapevine buds. The results highlight the importance of the combination of stimuli in the improvement of genetic and physiological responses and help us to understand the adaption of plants to complex environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Rubio
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla, Santiago, Chile
- Programa Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Noriega
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco J Pérez
- Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Casilla, Santiago, Chile
- For correspondence. E-mail
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Wang H, Sun X, Lin MS, Ferrario CM, Van Remmen H, Groban L. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) deficiency induces cardiac remodeling through oxidative stress. Transl Res 2018; 199:39-51. [PMID: 29758174 PMCID: PMC6151279 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the unfavorable changes in cardiac function and remodeling that occur after ovarian estrogen loss. Using ovariectomized rat models, we previously reported that the cardioprotective actions of estrogen are mediated by the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). Here, in 9-month-old, female cardiomyocyte-specific GPER knockout (KO) mice vs sex- and age-matched wild-type (WT) mice, we found increased cardiac oxidative stress and oxidant damage, measured as a decreased ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione, increased 4-hydroxynonenal and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-DG) staining, and increased expression of oxidative stress-related genes. GPER KO mice also displayed increased heart weight, cardiac collagen deposition, and Doppler-derived filling pressure, and decreased percent fractional shortening and early mitral annular velocity compared with WT controls. Treatment of GPER KO mice for 8 weeks with phosphonium [10-(4,5-dimethoxy-2-methyl 3,6-dioxo-1,4-cyclohexadien-1-yl)decyl] triphenyl-,mesylate (MitoQ), a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, significantly attenuated these measures of cardiac dysfunction, and MitoQ decreased 8-oxo-DG intensity compared with treatment with an inactive comparator compound, (1-decyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide (P <0.05). A real-time polymerase chain reaction array analysis of 84 oxidative stress and antioxidant defense genes revealed that MitoQ attenuates the increase in NADPH oxidase 4 and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 and the decrease in uncoupling protein 3 and glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 seen in GPER KO mice. Our findings suggest that the cardioprotective effects of GPER include an antioxidant role and that targeted strategies to limit oxidative stress after early noncancerous surgical extirpation of ovaries or menopause may help limit alterations in cardiac structure and function related to estrogen loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina; Department of Internal Medicine-Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Xuming Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Marina S Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Carlos M Ferrario
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - Holly Van Remmen
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Biomedical Research Service, Oklahoma City VA Healthcare System, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Leanne Groban
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina; Department of Internal Medicine-Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina.
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Li Z, Peng Y, Huang B. Alteration of Transcripts of Stress-Protective Genes and Transcriptional Factors by γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Associated with Improved Heat and Drought Tolerance in Creeping Bentgrass ( Agrostis stolonifera). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061623. [PMID: 29857479 PMCID: PMC6032419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may play a positive role in regulating plant tolerance to drought or heat stress. The objectives of this study were to investigate the physiological effects of GABA on tolerance of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) to heat and drought stress and to determine whether enhanced heat and drought tolerance due to GABA treatment was associated with the up-regulation of selected genes and transcriptional factors involved in stress protection. Creeping bentgrass (cultivar “Penncross”) plants were treated with 0.5 mM GABA or water (untreated control) as a foliar spray and were subsequently exposed to heat stress (35/30 °C, day/night), drought stress by withholding irrigation, or non-stress conditions in controlled-environment growth chambers. Exogenous application of GABA significantly improved plant tolerance to heat and drought stress, as reflected by increased leaf water content, cell membrane stability, and chlorophyll content. The analysis of gene transcript level revealed that exogenous GABA up-regulated the expression of ABF3, POD, APX, HSP90, DHN3, and MT1 during heat stress and the expression of CDPK26, MAPK1, ABF3, WRKY75, MYB13, HSP70, MT1, 14-3-3, and genes (SOD, CAT, POD, APX, MDHAR, DHAR, and GR) encoding antioxidant enzymes during drought stress. The up-regulation of the aforementioned stress-protective genes and transcriptional factors could contribute to improved heat and drought tolerance in creeping bentgrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Li
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China.
| | - Bingru Huang
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University, 59 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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Abstract
Cisplatin [cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II), CDDP], morphine (Mor), and electromagnetic field (EMF) induced oxidative stress. In this study, we tried to increase the cytotoxicity of CDDP in combination with Mor and/or EMF in MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, we evaluate the expression levels of 11 antioxidant genes in both cell lines. We designed four treatments: CDDP alone, "CDDP+Mor," "CDDP+EMF," and "CDDP+Mor+EMF." Serial dilutions of CDDP, Mor (5.0 μM), and EMF (50 Hz, 0.50 mT, "15 min field-on/15 min field-off") were used for estimation of relative IC50 values. The mRNA expression levels of antioxidant genes were determined by real-time PCR. The IC50 value of CDDP in "CDDP+Mor+EMF" treatment was significantly higher than CDDP alone and "CDDP+Mor" treatments in both cell lines. Whereas the expression levels of antioxidant genes in the four treatments showed similar patterns in MCF-7 cells, in SH-SY5Y cells, most of the antioxidant genes showed an upregulation with "CDDP+EMF" and "CDDP+Mor+EMF" treatments. Moreover, significant differences in the number of upregulated genes were observed between different treatments in SH-SY5Y cells. The molecular mechanism of CDDP-reduced cytotoxicity in our designed combinations is probably different in MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y cells. CDDP in combination with EMF could protect SH-SY5Y cells from the cytotoxicity, whereas it has no significant change in MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mostafa Saadat
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University , Shiraz, Iran
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25
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Khaidizar FD, Nakahata Y, Kume A, Sumizawa K, Kohno K, Matsui T, Bessho Y. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase delays cellular senescence by upregulating SIRT1 activity and antioxidant gene expression in mouse cells. Genes Cells 2017; 22:982-992. [PMID: 29178516 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Senescent cells accumulate in tissues of aged animals and deteriorate tissue functions. The elimination of senescent cells from aged mice not only attenuates progression of already established age-related disorders, but also extends median lifespan. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme in mammalian NAD+ salvage pathway, has shown a protective effect on cellular senescence of human primary cells. However, it still remains unclear how NAMPT has a protective impact on aging in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we found that primary mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells undergo progressive decline of NAMPT and NAD+ contents during serial passaging before becoming senescent. Furthermore, we showed that constitutive Nampt over-expression increases cellular NAD+ content and delays cellular senescence of MEF cells in vitro. We further found that constitutive Nampt over-expression increases SIRT1 activity, increases the expression of antioxidant genes, superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase and promotes resistance against oxidative stress. These findings suggest that Nampt over-expression in MEF cells delays cellular senescence by the mitigation of oxidative stress via the upregulation of superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase gene expressions by SIRT1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiqri D Khaidizar
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasukazu Nakahata
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Akira Kume
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Sumizawa
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Kenji Kohno
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Genetics, Graduate School of Biological Sciences and Institute for Research Initiatives, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Takaaki Matsui
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Bessho
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma, Nara, Japan
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Sebestyén F, Póliska S, Rácz R, Bereczki J, Lénárt K, Barta Z, Lendvai ÁZ, Tökölyi J. Insulin/IGF Signaling and Life History Traits in Response to Food Availability and Perceived Density in the Cnidarian Hydra vulgaris. Zoolog Sci 2017; 34:318-325. [PMID: 28770685 DOI: 10.2108/zs160171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) is thought to be a central mediator of life history traits, but the generality of its role is not clear. Here, we investigated mRNA expression levels of three insulin-like peptide genes, the insulin-like receptor htk7, as well as several antioxidant genes, and the heat-shock protein hsp70 in the freshwater cnidarian Hydra vulgaris. Hydra polyps were exposed to a combination of different levels of food and perceived population density to manipulate life history traits (asexual reproduction and oxidative stress tolerance). We found that stress tolerance and the rate of asexual reproduction increased with food, and that these two effects were in significant interaction. Exposing animals to high perceived density resulted in increased stress tolerance or reduced reproduction only on lower food levels, but not on high food. The insulin-like receptor htk7 and the antioxidant gene catalase were significantly upregulated in the high density treatments. However, the expression level of insulin-like peptide genes, most antioxidant genes, and hsp70 were not affected by the experimental treatments. The higher expression level of htk7 may suggest that animals maintain a higher level of preparedness for insulin-like ligands at high population densities. However, the lack of difference between food levels suggests that IIS is not involved in regulating asexual reproduction and stress tolerance in hydra, or that its role is more subtle than a simple model of life history regulation would suggest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flóra Sebestyén
- 1 MTA-DE "Lendület" Behavioral Ecology Research Group, Dept. of Evolutionary Zoology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary
| | - Szilárd Póliska
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary
| | - Rita Rácz
- 1 MTA-DE "Lendület" Behavioral Ecology Research Group, Dept. of Evolutionary Zoology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary
| | - Judit Bereczki
- 1 MTA-DE "Lendület" Behavioral Ecology Research Group, Dept. of Evolutionary Zoology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary
| | - Kinga Lénárt
- 1 MTA-DE "Lendület" Behavioral Ecology Research Group, Dept. of Evolutionary Zoology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary
| | - Zoltán Barta
- 1 MTA-DE "Lendület" Behavioral Ecology Research Group, Dept. of Evolutionary Zoology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary
| | - Ádám Z Lendvai
- 3 Dept. of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary
| | - Jácint Tökölyi
- 1 MTA-DE "Lendület" Behavioral Ecology Research Group, Dept. of Evolutionary Zoology, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary
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Isoe J, Petchampai N, Isoe YE, Co K, Mazzalupo S, Scaraffia PY. Xanthine dehydrogenase-1 silencing in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes promotes a blood feeding-induced adulticidal activity. FASEB J 2017; 31:2276-2286. [PMID: 28179423 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601185r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Aedesaegypti has 2 genes encoding xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH). We analyzed XDH1 and XDH2 gene expression by real-time quantitative PCR in tissues from sugar- and blood-fed females. Differential XDH1 and XDH2 gene expression was observed in tissues dissected throughout a time course. We next exposed females to blood meals supplemented with allopurinol, a well-characterized XDH inhibitor. We also tested the effects of injecting double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) against XDH1, XDH2, or both. Disruption of XDH by allopurinol or XDH1 by RNA interference significantly affected mosquito survival, causing a disruption in blood digestion, excretion, oviposition, and reproduction. XDH1-deficient mosquitoes showed a persistence of serine proteases in the midgut at 48 h after blood feeding and a reduction in the uptake of vitellogenin by the ovaries. Surprisingly, analysis of the fat body from dsRNA-XDH1-injected mosquitoes fell into 2 groups: one group was characterized by a reduction of the XDH1 transcript, whereas the other group was characterized by an up-regulation of several transcripts, including XDH1, glutamine synthetase, alanine aminotransferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, ornithine decarboxylase, glutamate receptor, and ammonia transporter. Our data demonstrate that XDH1 plays an essential role and that XDH1 has the potential to be used as a metabolic target for Ae.aegypti vector control.-Isoe, J., Petchampai, N., Isoe, Y. E., Co, K., Mazzalupo, S., Scaraffia, P. Y. Xanthine dehydrogenase-1 silencing in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes promotes a blood feeding-induced adulticidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Isoe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Natthida Petchampai
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Vector-Borne Infectious Disease Research Center, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yurika E Isoe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Katrina Co
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Vector-Borne Infectious Disease Research Center, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Stacy Mazzalupo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Patricia Y Scaraffia
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Vector-Borne Infectious Disease Research Center, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA;
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Lee SC, Zhang J, Strom J, Yang D, Dinh TN, Kappeler K, Chen QM. G-Quadruplex in the NRF2 mRNA 5' Untranslated Region Regulates De Novo NRF2 Protein Translation under Oxidative Stress. Mol Cell Biol 2017; 37:e00122-16. [PMID: 27736771 DOI: 10.1128/MCB.00122-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of protein synthesis serves as a general measure of cellular consequences of chemical stress. A few proteins are translated selectively and influence cell fate. How these proteins can bypass the general control of translation remains unknown. We found that low to mild doses of oxidants induce de novo translation of the NRF2 protein. Here we demonstrate the presence of a G-quadruplex structure in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of NRF2 mRNA, as measured by circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance, and dimethylsulfate footprinting analyses. Such a structure is important for 5'-UTR activity, since its removal by sequence mutation eliminated H2O2-induced activation of the NRF2 5' UTR. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based proteomics revealed elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1a) as a protein binding to the G-quadruplex sequence. Cells responded to H2O2 treatment by increasing the EF1a protein association with NRF2 mRNA, as measured by RNA-protein interaction assays. The EF1a interaction with small and large subunits of ribosomes did not appear to change due to H2O2 treatment, nor did posttranslational modifications, as measured by two-dimensional (2-D) Western blot analysis. Since NRF2 encodes a transcription factor essential for protection against tissue injury, our data have revealed a novel mechanism of cellular defense involving de novo NRF2 protein translation governed by the EF1a interaction with the G-quadruplex in the NRF2 5' UTR during oxidative stress.
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29
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Potteti HR, Tamatam CR, Marreddy R, Reddy NM, Noel S, Rabb H, Reddy SP. Nrf2-AKT interactions regulate heme oxygenase 1 expression in kidney epithelia during hypoxia and hypoxia-reoxygenation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F1025-F1034. [PMID: 27582105 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00362.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced kidney injury is a major clinical problem, but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The transcription factor known as nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2 (NFE2L2 or Nrf2) is crucial for protection against oxidative stress generated by pro-oxidant insults. We have previously shown that Nrf2 deficiency enhances susceptibility to IR-induced kidney injury in mice and that its upregulation is protective. Here, we examined Nrf2 target antioxidant gene expression and the mechanisms of its activation in both human and murine kidney epithelia following acute (2 h) and chronic (12 h) hypoxia and reoxygenation conditions. We found that acute hypoxia modestly stimulates and chronic hypoxia strongly stimulates Nrf2 putative target HMOX1 expression, but not that of other antioxidant genes. Inhibition of AKT1/2 or ERK1/2 signaling blocked this induction; AKT1/2 but not ERK1/2 inhibition affected Nrf2 levels in basal and acute hypoxia-reoxygenation states. Unexpectedly, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed reduced levels of Nrf2 binding at the distal AB1 and SX2 enhancers and proximal promoter of HMOX1 in acute hypoxia, accompanied by diminished levels of nuclear Nrf2. In contrast, Nrf2 binding at the AB1 and SX2 enhancers significantly but differentially increased during chronic hypoxia and reoxygenation, with reaccumulation of nuclear Nrf2 levels. Small interfering-RNA-mediated Nrf2 depletion attenuated acute and chronic hypoxia-inducible HMOX1 expression, and primary Nrf2-null kidney epithelia showed reduced levels of HMOX1 induction in response to both acute and chronic hypoxia. Collectively, our data demonstrate that Nrf2 upregulates HMOX1 expression in kidney epithelia through a distinct mechanism during acute and chronic hypoxia reoxygenation, and that both AKT1/2 and ERK1/2 signaling are required for this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haranatha R Potteti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | | | - Rakesh Marreddy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Narsa M Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Sanjeev Noel
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hamid Rabb
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sekhar P Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
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30
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Krhin B, Goricar K, Gazic B, Dolzan V, Besic N. Functional polymorphisms in antioxidant genes in Hurthle cell thyroid neoplasm - an association of GPX1 polymorphism and recurrent Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma. Radiol Oncol 2016; 50:289-96. [PMID: 27679545 PMCID: PMC5024660 DOI: 10.1515/raon-2016-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hurthle cells of the thyroid gland are very rich in mitochondria and oxidative enzymes. As a high level oxidative metabolism may lead to higher level of oxidative stress and can be associated with an increased risk for cancer, we investigated whether common functional polymorphisms in antioxidant genes (SOD2, CAT, GPX, GSTP1, GSTM1 and GSTT1) are associated with the development or clinical course of Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC). Methods A retrospective study was performed in 139 patients treated by thyroid surgery for a Hurthle cell neoplasm. HCTC, Hurthle cell thyroid adenoma (HCTA) or Hurthle cell thyroid nodule (HCTN) were diagnosed by pathomorphology. DNA was extracted from cores of histologically confirmed normal tissue obtained from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens and genotyped for investigated polymorphisms. Logistic regression was used to compare genotype distributions between patient groups. Results HCTC, HCTA and HCTN were diagnosed in 53, 47 and 21 patients, respectively. Metastatic disease and recurrence of HCTC were diagnosed in 20 and 16 HCTC patients, respectively. Genotypes and allele frequencies of investigated polymorphisms did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in patients with HCTC, HCTA and HCTN. Under the dominant genetic model we observed no differences in the genotype frequency distribution of the investigated polymorphisms when the HCTA and HCTN group was compared to the HCTC group for diagnosis of HCTC or for the presence of metastatic disease. However, GPX1 polymorphism was associated with the occurrence of recurrent disease (p = 0.040). Conclusions GPX1 polymorphism may influence the risk for recurrent disease in HCTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaz Krhin
- Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Goricar
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Vita Dolzan
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Vodusek AL, Goricar K, Gazic B, Dolzan V, Jazbec J. Antioxidant defence-related genetic variants are not associated with higher risk of secondary thyroid cancer after treatment of malignancy in childhood or adolescence. Radiol Oncol 2016; 50:80-6. [PMID: 27069453 PMCID: PMC4825342 DOI: 10.1515/raon-2015-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer is one of the most common secondary cancers after treatment of malignancy in childhood or adolescence. Thyroid gland is very sensitive to the carcinogenic effect of ionizing radiation, especially in children. Imbalance between pro- and anti-oxidant factors may play a role in thyroid carcinogenesis. Our study aimed to assess the relationship between genetic variability of antioxidant defence-related genes and the risk of secondary thyroid cancer after treatment of malignancy in childhood or adolescence. Patients and methods In a retrospective study, we compared patients with childhood or adolescence primary malignancy between 1960 and 2006 that developed a secondary thyroid cancer (cases) with patients (controls), with the same primary malignancy but did not develop any secondary cancer. They were matched for age, gender, primary diagnosis and treatment (especially radiotherapy) of primary malignancy. They were all genotyped for SOD2 p.Ala16Val, CAT c.-262C>T, GPX1 p.Pro200Leu, GSTP1 p.Ile105Val, GSTP1 p.Ala114Val and GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletions. The influence of polymorphisms on occurrence of secondary cancer was examined by McNemar test and Cox proportional hazards model. Results Between 1960 and 2006 a total of 2641 patients were diagnosed with primary malignancy before the age of 21 years in Slovenia. Among them 155 developed a secondary cancer, 28 of which were secondary thyroid cancers. No significant differences in the genotype frequency distribution were observed between cases and controls. Additionally we observed no significant influence of investigated polymorphisms on time to the development of secondary thyroid cancer. Conclusions We observed no association of polymorphisms in antioxidant genes with the risk for secondary thyroid cancer after treatment of malignancy in childhood or adolescence. However, thyroid cancer is one of the most common secondary cancers in patients treated for malignancy in childhood or adolescence and the lifelong follow up of these patients is of utmost importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lina Vodusek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Goricar
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Gazic
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vita Dolzan
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Jazbec
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Samsatly J, Chamoun R, Gluck-Thaler E, Jabaji S. Genes of the de novo and Salvage Biosynthesis Pathways of Vitamin B6 are Regulated under Oxidative Stress in the Plant Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Front Microbiol 2016; 6:1429. [PMID: 26779127 PMCID: PMC4700284 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B6 is recognized as an important cofactor required for numerous metabolic enzymes, and has been shown to act as an antioxidant and play a role in stress responses. It can be synthesized through two different routes: salvage and de novo pathways. However, little is known about the possible function of the vitamin B6 pathways in the fungal plant pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. Using genome walking, the de novo biosynthetic pathway genes; RsolPDX1 and RsolPDX2 and the salvage biosynthetic pathway gene, RsolPLR were sequenced. The predicted amino acid sequences of the three genes had high degrees of similarity to other fungal PDX1, PDX2, and PLR proteins and are closely related to other R. solani anastomosis groups. We also examined their regulation when subjected to reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress inducers, the superoxide generator paraquat, or H2O2, and compared it to the well-known antioxidant genes, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The genes were differentially regulated with transcript levels as high as 33 fold depending on the gene and type of stress reflecting differences in the type of damage induced by ROS. Exogenous addition of the vitamers PN or PLP in culture medium significantly induced the transcription of the vitamin B6 de novo encoding genes as early as 0.5 hour post treatment (HPT). On the other hand, transcription of RsolPLR was vitamer-specific; a down regulation upon supplementation of PN and upregulation with PLP. Our results suggest that accumulation of ROS in R. solani mycelia is linked to transcriptional regulation of the three genes and implicate the vitamin B6 biosynthesis machinery in R. solani, similar to catalases and GST, as an antioxidant stress protector against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Samsatly
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Rony Chamoun
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | - Suha Jabaji
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
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Deng X, Mercer SE, Sun CY, Friedman E. The normal function of the cancer kinase Mirk/dyrk1B is to reduce reactive oxygen species. Genes Cancer 2014; 5:22-30. [PMID: 24955215 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mirk kinase is a gene upregulated and sometimes amplified in pancreatic cancers and in ovarian cancers, but expressed at very low levels in most normal diploid cells except for skeletal muscle. The muscle cell function of Mirk kinase selected for by cancer cells is unknown. It is now shown that Mirk protein is expressed at low levels and is largely nuclear in cycling skeletal muscle C2C12 myoblasts, but is translocated to the cytoplasm and upregulated when myoblasts initiate differentiation, as shown by immunofluorescence staining and by cell fractionation. Either Mirk depletion or Mirk kinase inhibition increased ROS levels in cycling C2C12 myoblasts. However, Mirk protein is localized in the cytoplasm of mature muscle fibers, specifically in the fast twitch fibers of human skeletal muscle where toxic ROS levels are generated by muscle contraction. C2C12 myoblasts at high density in differentiation media fuse to form differentiated postmitotic myotubes that can contract. A Mirk kinase inhibitor induced a dose-dependent increase in ROS in this model for fast twitch fibers of human skeletal muscle. Efficient Mirk depletion in SU86.86 pancreatic cancer cells by an inducible shRNA decreased expression of eight antioxidant genes. Thus both cancer cells and differentiated myotubes utilize Mirk kinase to relieve oxidative stress.
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Miyazaki Y, Shimizu A, Pastan I, Taguchi K, Naganuma E, Suzuki T, Hosoya T, Yokoo T, Saito A, Miyata T, Yamamoto M, Matsusaka T. Keap1 inhibition attenuates glomerulosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014; 29:783-91. [PMID: 24523358 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NFE2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulatory transcription factor for antioxidant genes. Inhibition of its adaptor protein, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), activates Nrf2. Podocyte injury triggers the progressive deterioration of glomerular damage toward glomerulosclerosis. We examined whether modulation of the Keap1-Nrf2 system has an impact on this process. METHODS Nrf2 null-mutant (KO) and Keap1 hypomorphic knockdown (KD) mice were crossed with NEP25 mice, in which podocyte-specific injury can be induced by an immunotoxin. RESULTS Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and phosphorylated JNK were increased in the injured NEP25 kidney. Real-time PCR revealed that Keap1 KD upregulated Nrf2 target genes, including Gclc, Gclm, Gstp1, Gstp2 and Nqo1 in the glomerulus. However, podocyte injury did not upregulate these genes in Keap1 wild-type mice, nor did it further increase the expression of those genes in Keap1 KD mice. Three weeks after the induction of podocyte injury, glomerulosclerosis was considerably more attenuated in Keap1 KD mice than in control mice (median sclerosis index, 0.27 versus 3.03, on a 0-4 scale). Keap1 KD mice also showed considerably preserved nephrin staining (median index, 6.76 versus 0.91, on a 0-8 scale) and decreased glomeruli containing desmin-positive injured podocytes (median percentage, 24.5% versus 85.8%), along with a decrease in mRNAs for Fn1, Tgfb1, Col4a4 and Col1a2. CONCLUSIONS Thus, podocyte injury cannot effectively activate Nrf2, but Nrf2 activation by Keap1 knockdown attenuates glomerulosclerosis. These results indicate that the Nrf2-Keap1 system is a promising drug target for the treatment of chronic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Miyazaki
- Division of Kidney and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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