1
|
Tian L, Bilamjian S, Liu L, Akiki C, Cuthbertson DJ, Anumol T, Bayen S. Development of a LC-QTOF-MS based dilute-and-shoot approach for the botanical discrimination of honeys. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1304:342536. [PMID: 38637048 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Honeys of particular botanical origins can be associated with premium market prices, a trait which also makes them susceptible to fraud. Currently available authenticity testing methods for botanical classification of honeys are either time-consuming or only target a few "known" types of markers. Simple and effective methods are therefore needed to monitor and guarantee the authenticity of honey. In this study, a 'dilute-and-shoot' approach using liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) was applied to the non-targeted fingerprinting of honeys of different floral origin (buckwheat, clover and blueberry). This work investigated for the first time the impact of different instrumental conditions such as the column type, the mobile phase composition, the chromatographic gradient, and the MS fragmentor voltage (in-source collision-induced dissociation) on the botanical classification of honeys as well as the data quality. Results indicated that the data sets obtained for the various LC-QTOF-MS conditions tested were all suitable to discriminate the three honeys of different floral origin regardless of the mathematical model applied (random forest, partial least squares-discriminant analysis, soft independent modelling by class analogy and linear discriminant analysis). The present study investigated different LC-QTOF-MS conditions in a "dilute and shoot" method for honey analysis, in order to establish a relatively fast, simple and reliable analytical method to record the chemical fingerprints of honey. This approach is suitable for marker discovery and will be used for the future development of advanced predictive models for honey botanical origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Shaghig Bilamjian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Caren Akiki
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chi ZH, Liu L, Zheng J, Tian L, Chevrier J, Bornman R, Obida M, Goodyer CG, Hales BF, Bayen S. Biomonitoring of bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol analogues in human milk from South Africa and Canada using a modified QuEChERS extraction method. Environ Pollut 2024; 348:123730. [PMID: 38458524 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
A sensitive modified QuEChERS extraction method was developed to assess the levels of free and conjugated bisphenols (BPs) in human milk collected between 2018 and 2019 from two regions of South Africa (the Limpopo Province Vhembe district, n = 194; Pretoria, n = 193) and Canada (Montreal, n = 207). Total BPA (free and conjugated) and BPS were the predominant bisphenols detected in samples from Vhembe and Pretoria, whereas total BPS was the predominant bisphenol detected in Montreal samples. The levels of total BPA in samples from Vhembe and Pretoria ranged between < MDL-18.61 and
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hao Chi
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jingyun Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonathan Chevrier
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Barbara F Hales
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zheng J, Mittal K, Fobil JN, Basu N, Bayen S. Simultaneous targeted and non-targeted analysis of plastic-related contaminants in e-waste impacted soil in Agbogbloshie, Ghana. Sci Total Environ 2024; 917:170219. [PMID: 38266721 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
An LC-MS based analytical method was developed and validated for the simultaneous targeted analysis and suspect screening of plastic-related contaminants in e-waste impacted soils. Satisfactory recoveries (97 ± 13 %) were achieved using ultrasound-assisted extraction for 14/15 of the targeted analytes (7 bisphenols and 8 plasticizers) in a range of agricultural and non-agricultural soils. The method was applied to 53 soil samples collected in May 2015 in the region of Agbogbloshie (Ghana) at e-waste facilities (incl. Dump, trade, and burn sites), neighboring non-agricultural (incl. upstream, downstream, and community) and agricultural fields, and at two control agricultural sites away from e-waste recycling facilities. Bisphenol A (BPA) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were the two dominant contaminants in e-waste soil (with concentrations up to 48.7 and 184 μg g-1, respectively), especially at the trade site, where e-waste was sorted and dismantled. The non-targeted workflow was successfully applied to identify additional plastic-related contaminants previously unreported in e-waste impacted soils, including bis(2-propylheptyl) phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, trioctyl trimellitate, 4-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, perfluorobutanesulfonic acid, diphenyl phosphate, and triethylene glycol monobutyl ether. The agricultural soils surrounding the e-waste sites were also contaminated by plastic-related chemicals (especially DEHP), highlighting the impact of e-waste activities on the surrounding agricultural system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X3V9, Canada
| | - Krittika Mittal
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X3V9, Canada
| | - Julius N Fobil
- Department of Biological, Environmental and Occupational Health Science, University of Ghana School of Public Health, Accra, Ghana; West Africa Center for Global Environmental & Occupational Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Niladri Basu
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X3V9, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bilamjian S, Bahadi M, Ismail A, Tremblay C, Bayen S. Development of a method based on ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to detect maple syrup adulterated with added syrups. J Sci Food Agric 2024; 104:1768-1776. [PMID: 37872647 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food adulteration is a global concern, whether it takes place intentionally or incidentally. In Canada, maple syrup is susceptible to being adulterated with cheaper syrups such as corn, beet, cane syrups, and many more due to its high price and economic importance. RESULTS In this study, the use of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was investigated to detect maple syrups adulterated with 15 different sugar syrups at different concentration levels. The spectra were collected in the range of 4000-650 cm-1 in the absorbance unit. These spectra were used to build six libraries and three models. A method that is capable of performing a qualitative library search using a similarity search, which is based on the first derivative correlation search algorithm, was developed. This method was further evaluated and proved to be able to capture adulterated and reject non-adulterated maple syrups, belonging to the color grades golden and amber maple syrups, with an accuracy of 93.9% and 92.3%, respectively. However, for the maple syrup belonging to the dark color grade, this method demonstrated low specificity of 33.3%, and for this reason it was only able to adequately detect adulterated samples from the non-adulterated ones with an accuracy of 81.4%. CONCLUSION This simple and rapid method has strong potential for implementation in different stages of the maple syrup supply chain for early adulteration detection, particularly for golden and amber samples. Further evaluation and improvements are required for the dark color grade. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaghig Bilamjian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mazen Bahadi
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ashraf Ismail
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bayen S, Heutte J, Vanderbecken JC, Moreau C, Defebvre L, Billot R, Guiton V, Lemey C, Lingner H, Messaadi W, Devos D, Messaadi N. Crosschecking the subjective everyday Parkinson's experience among patients and their caregiving spouses: French versions of the Belastungsfragebogen Parkinson Kurzversion (Bela-P-k and Bela-A-k). Rev Neurol (Paris) 2024; 180:24-32. [PMID: 37735017 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) affects all dimensions of the patient's and the caregiver's daily life. There are two questionnaires in German, Bela-A-k (for caregivers) and Bela-P-k (for PD patients), that can be used to assess the PD-related psychosocial burden in a dyad. The patient's and the caregiver's perspective of living with PD can be crosschecked. Four dimensions are explored: physical performance, emotional load, social relationships, and couple/family life. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to translate these questionnaires into French and to test them among patients and caregivers. METHODS The questionnaires were translated from German into French by forward and backward translation, followed by a cultural crosscheck. Participants were invited to test the consensual French version in its online administered version created via Lime Survey® software. Participants filled out the questionnaires twice (five-day interval) according to the test-retest method. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software. RESULTS Thirty dyads were recruited and eighteen completed the study. Bela-A-K showed strong temporal stability, though it was weak for the social relationships dimension. Bela-P-k showed strong internal consistency, but significant test-retest differences for ten items due to day-by-day changes in patient status. CONCLUSIONS The questionnaires are useful and reliable for dyad-centered follow-up in case of PD. Some items of the Bela-P-k were simplified to improve its temporal stability, considering the patient's changing status through the day. The items concerning social relationships were adjusted for the Bela-A-k.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Bayen
- Department of General Practice, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Department of pharmacology, Expert center for Parkinson's disease, CHU of Lille, University of Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition Inserm 1172, 59000 Lille, France.
| | - J Heutte
- University of Lille, ULR 4354 - CIREL - Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en éducation de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J-C Vanderbecken
- Department of General Practice, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - C Moreau
- Department of Neurology, Expert center for Parkinson's disease, CHU of Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition Inserm 1172, 59000 Lille, France
| | - L Defebvre
- Department of Neurology, Expert center for Parkinson's disease, CHU of Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition Inserm 1172, 59000 Lille, France
| | - R Billot
- Department LUSSI, IMT, UMR CNRS 6285 Lab-STICC, University of Brest, Brest, France
| | - V Guiton
- University of Brest, 2PE, CHU of Brest, Brest, France
| | - C Lemey
- Department of Psychiatry, UAMP, CHU Brest, University of Brest, Brest, France
| | - H Lingner
- Department of General Practice, Medical School Hannover, University of Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - W Messaadi
- Department of General Practice, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - D Devos
- Department of pharmacology, Expert center for Parkinson's disease, CHU of Lille, University of Lille, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition Inserm 1172, 59000 Lille, France
| | - N Messaadi
- Department of General Practice, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; University of Lille, National Centre of Resources and Resilience CN2R, 59000 Lille, France; University of Lille, Maison de Santé Pluriprofessionnelle Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Leung G, Akiki C, Bilamjian S, Tian L, Liu L, Bayen S. Targeted and non-targeted screening of flame retardants in rural and urban honey. Chemosphere 2023; 341:139908. [PMID: 37634584 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Flame retardants (FRs) are often added to commercial products to achieve flammability resistance, but they are not chemically bonded to the materials, so, they can be easily released into the environment during the production and disposal processes. When honeybees travel to collect nectar during the pollination process, they are prone to be contaminated by chemicals in the air. Therefore, honey contamination has been proposed as an indicator of the pollution status in a particular region. To date, the occurrence of flame retardants in urban honey has yet to be explored. In this study, a direct injection method was used, coupled with LC-QTOF-MS, to analyze honey samples. This method was applied to urban (n = 100) and rural (n = 100) honey samples from the Quebec province (Canada), and the levels of flame retardants in urban and rural honey samples were not significantly different. In the targeted approach, two of the target FRs, tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) and triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), were detected and confirmed at an average trace concentration (<1 ng mL-1). Additionally, a non-targeted screening workflow with an in-house-built library was developed and validated to screen for flame retardants in honey. Tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) was identified in honey using the non-targeted screening workflow and confirmed using a pure analytical standard, but there are other compounds detected in the non-targeted analysis that have yet to be validated. This study was the first to report FR compounds based on a direct injection method, coupled with a non-targeted screening workflow, at a trace level in a honey matrix. It also showed that a non-targeted workflow was effective to detect and identify unknown compounds present in the honey sample; hence, this provided a novel angle for the occurrence of FRs in air, with honey as a bio-indicator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Leung
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Caren Akiki
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Shaghig Bilamjian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9 Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang P, Gravel V, Bueno V, Galhardi JA, Roginski A, Ghoshal S, Wilkinson KJ, Bayen S. Effect of nanopesticides (azoxystrobin and bifenthrin) on the phenolic content and metabolic profiles of strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa). J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:6780-6789. [PMID: 37357569 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoencapsulation has opened promising fields of innovation for pesticides. Conventional pesticides can cause side effects on plant metabolism. To date, the effect of nanoencapsulated pesticides on plant phenolic contents has not been reported. RESULTS In this study, a comparative evaluation of the phenolic contents and metabolic profiles of strawberries was performed for plants grown under controlled field conditions and treated with two separate active ingredients, azoxystrobin and bifenthrin, loaded into two different types of nanocarriers (Allosperse® polymeric nanoparticles and SiO2 nanoparticles). There were small but significant decreases of the total phenolic content (9%) and pelargonidin 3-glucoside content (6%) in strawberries treated with the nanopesticides. An increase of 31% to 125% was observed in the levels of gallic acid, quercetin, and kaempferol in the strawberries treated with the nanoencapsulated pesticides compared with the conventional treatments. The effects of the nanocarriers on the metabolite and phenolic profiles was identified by principal component analysis. CONCLUSION Overall, even though the effects of nanopesticides on the phenological parameters of strawberry plants were not obvious, there were significant changes to the plants at a molecular level. In particular, nanocarriers had some subtle effects on plant health and fruit quality through variations in total and individual phenolics in the fruits. Further research will be needed to assess the impact of diverse nanopesticides on other groups of plant metabolites. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Wang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Gravel
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Vinicius Bueno
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Alexandra Roginski
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Subhasis Ghoshal
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Kevin J Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alimi OS, Claveau-Mallet D, Lapointe M, Biu T, Liu L, Hernandez LM, Bayen S, Tufenkji N. Effects of weathering on the properties and fate of secondary microplastics from a polystyrene single-use cup. J Hazard Mater 2023; 459:131855. [PMID: 37478596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we probed the changes to some physicochemical properties of polystyrene microplastics generated from a disposable cup as a result of UV-weathering, using a range of spectroscopy, microscopy, and profilometry techniques. Thereafter, we aimed to understand how these physicochemical changes affect the microplastic transport potential and contaminant sorption ability in model freshwaters. Exposure to UV led to measured changes in microplastic hydrophobicity (20-23 % decrease), density (3% increase), carbonyl index (up to 746 % increase), and microscale roughness (24-86 % increase). The settling velocity of the microplastics increased by 53 % after weathering which suggests that UV aging can increase microplastic deposition to sediments. This impact of aging was greater than the effect of the water temperature. Weathered microplastics exhibited reduced sorption capacity (up to 52 % decrease) to a model hydrophobic contaminant (triclosan) compared to unaged ones. The adsorption of triclosan to both microplastics was slightly reversible with notable desorption hysteresis. These combined effects of weathering could potentially increase the transport potential while decreasing the contaminant transport abilities of microplastics. This work provides new insights on the sorption capacity and mobility of a secondary microplastic, advances our knowledge about their risks in aquatic environments, and the need to use environmentally relevant microplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olubukola S Alimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C5 Canada; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9 Canada.
| | - Dominique Claveau-Mallet
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C5 Canada; Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, 2900 Edouard-Montpetit, Montreal, Canada
| | - Mathieu Lapointe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C5 Canada; Department of Construction Engineering, École de technologie supérieure - University of Québec, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Thinh Biu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C5 Canada
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laura M Hernandez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C5 Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nathalie Tufenkji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0C5 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Roubeau Dumont E, Gao X, Zheng J, Macairan J, Hernandez LM, Baesu A, Bayen S, Robinson SA, Ghoshal S, Tufenkji N. Unraveling the toxicity of tire wear contamination in three freshwater species: From chemical mixture to nanoparticles. J Hazard Mater 2023; 453:131402. [PMID: 37062096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tire wear particle (TWP) contamination is of growing concern as recent studies show the ubiquity and toxicity of this contaminant in various environmental compartments. The multidimensional aspect of TWPs makes it difficult to assess toxicity and predict impacts on ecosystems, as it combines a complex mixture of chemicals and can release micro- and nanoparticles when suspended in water. Our work aimed to shed light on the toxicity of the different components of TWP leachate, namely, the dissolved chemicals and the nanoparticle fractions, on three freshwater model species of different trophic levels: Chlorella vulgaris, Lemna minor, and Daphnia magna. Acute toxicity was observed for all three fractions in D. magna, and an additive effect was observed between the nanoparticles and dissolved chemicals. L. minor experienced phytotoxicity from the dissolved chemicals only with a decrease up to 50% in photosynthesis efficiency parameters. C. vulgaris showed minor signs of toxicity on apical endpoints in response to each of the fractions. Our study highlights that nanoparticles from TWP leachate that were mostly overlooked in several previous studies are as toxic as dissolved chemicals for the filter-feeder species D. magna, and we also show the toxicity to photosynthesis in aquatic plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Roubeau Dumont
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C5, Quebec, Canada.
| | - X Gao
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C3, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - J Macairan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C5, Quebec, Canada
| | - L M Hernandez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C5, Quebec, Canada
| | - A Baesu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - S Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte Anne de Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - S A Robinson
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Ottawa K1A 0H3, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Ghoshal
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C3, Quebec, Canada
| | - N Tufenkji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0C5, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu Z, Tian L, Liu L, Goodyer CG, Hales BF, Bayen S. Food Thermal Labels are a Source of Dietary Exposure to Bisphenol S and Other Color Developers. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:4984-4991. [PMID: 36922386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that migration from the thermal labels on plastic film packaging is a major source of exposure to bisphenols and alternative color developers in food, we analyzed 140 packaging materials from packaged fresh food purchased in North America. No bisphenol A (BPA) was detected in either the packaging samples or thermal labels. However, significant amounts of bisphenol S (BPS) and alternative color developers (up to 214 μg/cm2) were present in thermal labels; their relative occurrence varied among stores. In a controlled experiment, we wrapped fish in film with a thermal label for 5 days at 4 °C. The fish in contact with the label contained BPS (≤1140 ng/g wet weight [ww]), 4-hydroxyphenyl 4-isoprooxyphenylsulfone (D-8) (≤230 ng/g ww), bis(2-chloroethyl)ether-4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone monomer (D-90) (≤3.41 ng/g ww), and/or Pergafast-201 (≤1.87 ng/g ww). The corresponding film samples were then tested using migration cells for 10 days; significantly higher BPS migration was observed systematically from the films with thermal labels compared to plain films. This study provides evidence, for the first time, that BPS and alternative thermal label color developers migrate from packaging materials into food. Further, BPS migration significantly exceeded the European Union Specific Migration Limit (50 ng/g ww), suggesting that further risk assessment studies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyun Xu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3 V9, Canada
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3 V9, Canada
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3 V9, Canada
| | | | - Barbara F Hales
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3 V9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Al-Shamary N, Hassan H, Leitão A, Hutchinson SM, Mondal D, Bayen S. Baseline distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the marine environment around the coastline of Qatar. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 188:114655. [PMID: 36764146 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Levels of organic contaminants (TPHs, PAHs) were simultaneously determined in both abiotic (sediments, seawater) and biotic (Pinctada radiata oysters) samples at four sites along the coastline of Qatar (Arabian Gulf) in 2017-2018. TPHs and PAHs were more frequently detected in oyster tissues than sediment and seawater samples collected from the same areas. While levels of TPHs and PAHs in seawater and sediments were lower than previous local studies and worldwide studies, PAHs levels observed in pearl oyster tissue (25.9-2240 μg/kg) were relatively higher than in previous studies in Qatar. In general, eight PAHs compounds were detected in oyster tissue, with benzo(a)pyrene displaying the highest concentration. The coast of Qatar could be affected by seasonal patterns of pollutants, where TPHs and PAHs levels increased in winter compared to summer. These results provide key information on the use of the pearl oyster as a bioindicator species and Qatar's marine environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noora Al-Shamary
- Environnemental Science Center, Qatar University, Qatar; School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, UK
| | - Hassan Hassan
- Environnemental Science Center, Qatar University, Qatar
| | | | - Simon M Hutchinson
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, UK
| | - Debapriya Mondal
- Department of Population Health, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xu Z, Chughtai H, Tian L, Liu L, Roy JF, Bayen S. Development of quantitative structure-retention relationship models to improve the identification of leachables in food packaging using non-targeted analysis. Talanta 2023; 253:123861. [PMID: 36095943 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) models can be used to predict the chromatographic retention time of chemicals and facilitate the identification of unknown compounds, notably with non-targeted analysis. In this study, QSRR models were developed from the data obtained for 178 pure chemical standards and four types of analytical columns (C18, phenylhexyl, pentafluorophenyl, cyano) in liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS). First, different data partitioning ratios and feature selection methods [random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM)] were tested to build models to predict chromatographic retention times based on 2D molecular descriptors. The internal and external performances of the non-linear (RF) and corresponding linear predictive models were systematically compared, and RF models resulted in better predictive capacities [p < 0.05, with an average PVE (proportion of variance explained) value of 0.89 ± 0.02] than linear models (0.79 ± 0.03). For each column, the resulting model was applied to identify leachables from actual plastic packaging samples. An in-depth investigation of the top 20 most intense molecular features revealed that all false-positives could be identified as outliers in the QSRR models (outside of the 95% prediction bands). Furthermore, analyzing a sample on multiple chromatographic columns and applying the associated QSRR models increased the capacity to filter false positives. Such an approach will contribute to a more effective identification of unknown or unexpected leachables in plastics (e.g. non-intended added substances), therefore refining our understanding of the chemical risks associated with food contact materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyun Xu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Hamza Chughtai
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khodaei N, Houde M, Bayen S, Karboune S. Exploring the synergistic effects of essential oil and plant extract combinations to extend the shelf life and the sensory acceptance of meat products: multi-antioxidant systems. J Food Sci Technol 2023; 60:679-691. [PMID: 36712200 PMCID: PMC9873862 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To develop multi-antioxidant systems for the preservation of meat products, mixtures of essential oils or plant extracts were investigated for their antioxidant interactions. The combinatorial study revealed that the chemical diversity of both major and minor components of these ingredients contributed to the antioxidant interactions. A shift from antagonistic or additive interaction to synergistic one was achieved by modulating the ratio of mono-components of multi-antioxidant systems. Mixtures containing oregano/thyme (25/50 of IC50), thyme/clove (25/100) and thyme/cinnamon (50/25) oils as well as cranberry/rosemary (25/25), cranberry/green tea (25/25), cranberry/apple (25/25), rosemary/apple (50/25) and grapeseed/cranberry (50/50) extracts have shown synergistic antioxidant effects. Among the investigated systems, thyme/clove oils and oregano/thyme oils/grape-seed extract systems have extended, in situ, the shelf-life of chicken and ground pork products stored at 4 °C by 2 to 4 folds. The sensory acceptability of treated samples was rated to be moderately better than control. This study lays the ground for the development of efficient natural multi-antioxidant systems. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-022-05653-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Khodaei
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Marika Houde
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9 Canada
| | - Salwa Karboune
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chi ZH, Goodyer CG, Hales BF, Bayen S. Characterization of different contaminants and current knowledge for defining chemical mixtures in human milk: A review. Environ Int 2023; 171:107717. [PMID: 36630790 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hundreds of xenobiotics, with very diverse origins, have been detected in human milk, including contaminants of emerging concern, personal care products and other current-use substances reflecting lifestyle. The routes of exposure to these chemicals include dermal absorption, ingestion and inhalation. Specific families of chemicals are dominant among human milk monitoring studies (e.g., organochlorine pesticides, bisphenol A, dioxins), even though other understudied families may be equally toxicologically relevant (e.g., food-processing chemicals, current-use plasticizers and flame retardants, mycotoxins). Importantly, the lack of reliable human milk monitoring data for some individual chemicals and, especially, for complex mixtures, is a major factor hindering risk assessment. Non-targeted screening can be used as an effective tool to identify unknown contaminants of concern in human milk. This approach, in combination with novel methods to conduct risk assessments on the chemical mixtures detected in human milk, will assist in elucidating exposures that may have adverse effects on the development of breastfeeding infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hao Chi
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Cindy Gates Goodyer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Barbara F Hales
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li F, Bordeleau S, Kim KH, Turcotte J, Davis B, Liu L, Bayen S, De Luca V, Dastmalchi M. A lesion-mimic mutant of Catharanthus roseus accumulates the opioid agonist, akuammicine. Phytochemistry 2022; 203:113422. [PMID: 36055422 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Catharanthus roseus is a medicinal plant that produces an abundance of monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), notably including the anticancer compounds vinblastine and vincristine. While the canonical pathway leading to these drugs has been resolved, the regulatory and catalytic mechanisms controlling many lateral branches of MIA biosynthesis remain largely unknown. Here, we describe an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) C. roseus mutant (M2-117523) that accumulates high levels of MIAs. The mutant exhibited stunted growth, partially chlorotic leaves, with deficiencies in chlorophyll biosynthesis, and a lesion-mimic phenotype. The lesions were sporadic and spontaneous, appearing after the first true bifoliate and continuing throughout development. The lesions are also the site of high concentrations of akuammicine, a minor constituent of wild type C. roseus leaves. In addition to akuammicine, the lesions were enriched in 25 other MIAs, resulting, in part, from a higher metabolic flux through the pathway. The unique metabolic shift was associated with significant upregulation of biosynthetic and regulatory genes involved in the MIA pathway, including the transcription factors WRKY1, CrMYC2, and ORCA2, and the biosynthetic genes STR, GO, and Redox1. Following the lesion-mimic mutant (LMM) phenotype, the accumulation of akuammicine is jasmonate (JA)-inducible, suggesting a role in plant defence response. Akuammicine is medicinally significant, as a weak opioid agonist, with a preference for the κ-opioid receptor, and a potential anti-diabetic. Further study of akuammicine biosynthesis and regulation can guide plant and heterologous engineering for medicinal uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Li
- Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Stephen Bordeleau
- Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Kyung Hee Kim
- Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Jonathan Turcotte
- Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Benjamin Davis
- Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Lan Liu
- Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Vincenzo De Luca
- Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Mehran Dastmalchi
- Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Baesu A, Bayen S. Application of Nontarget Analysis and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Identification of Thermal Transformation Products of Oxytetracycline in Pacific White Shrimp. J Food Prot 2022; 85:1469-1478. [PMID: 35723565 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-22-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Oxytetracycline (OTC) is an antibiotic authorized for use in aquaculture; it is often detected in seafood products, especially shrimp. Previous studies investigating the fate of OTC in shrimp tissues after cooking were limited to quantification of parent compound residues and did not describe any potential transformation products formed. Hence, the main objective of this study was to apply a nontarget analysis workflow to study the fate of OTC in shrimp muscle. Furthermore, "water" and "spiked" models were evaluated for their suitability to track the transformation of OTC in incurred muscle and to determine whether the matrix plays a role in the transformation pathway. First, four different extraction methods were compared for the determination of OTC in muscle. Second, raw and cooked samples were then extracted using a suitable method (acidified water-methanol-acetonitrile, with cleanup of samples achieved using freezing) and were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. OTC levels were reduced by 75 and 87% in muscle and water, respectively. Identification of thermal transformation products was limited to formula generation, but results showed that different compounds were identified in spiked and incurred muscle. HIGHLIGHTS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca Baesu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shushman I, Kolesnyk A, Kolesnyk P, Kuodza G, Mykyta I, Bayen S, Frese T. Validation of a modified questionnaire to assess Ukrainian Family Physicians’ readiness to implement the evidence-based screening recommendations into their clinical practice, using a mixed method study. BMC Prim Care 2022; 23:225. [PMID: 36071373 PMCID: PMC9449945 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01818-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Ukrainian Family Doctors' knowledge and readiness for the implementation of new guidelines recommendations into practice has to be evaluated and taken into consideration, meanwhile they often use the old protocols of annual checkups. This study aimed to perform a linguistic and cultural validation of Ukrainian adopted questionnaire designed on the German prototype “Readiness of general practitioners to recommend and implement evidence-based screening recommendations questionnaire”. Methods This was a mixed method study. The English version of the original German prototype questionnaire was translated into Ukrainian with forward–backward method. Additionally Ukrainian version was modified by including an extra questions about evidence based screening of cardiovascular risks, infectious diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, depression, and some old-fashioned annual checkups which are still commonly used in routine family doctors’ practice. During the face validation process, 10 practicing general practitioners assessed all the items in the questionnaire as adequately structured, grammatically correct, and understandable. During qualitative part of content validation process 11 experts found and corrected some grammatical errors, indicated that items of the questionnaire were comprehensible and related to Ukrainian culture. During the quantitative part of content validation process experts accessed 5 of 6 items as essential, relevant, and clear. Internal consistency of the items, assessed by using Cronbach’s alpha method was acceptable. To access how stable can be results provided by the questionnaire, test–retest reliability was performed, where 19 general practitioners filled in the same questionnaire twice over a period of two weeks. Results In our study CVR > 0.79 and CVI > 0.59 were acceptable. The internal consistency was evaluated by using Cronbach’s alpha method and had to be above 0.7. According to the test–retest reliability results of weighted kappa and Cohen's kappa coefficients, test–retest agreement of the questionnaire was moderate for 29%, substantial for 38%, and almost perfect for 5% of the items (p ≤ 0.05). Kappa coefficients were not computed for 10% of items as there was no variability in the assessments. Conclusions The Ukrainian version of the questionnaire can be used for the assessment Ukrainian Family Doctor’s readiness to implement the evidence-based screening recommendations into their clinical practice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12875-022-01818-4.
Collapse
|
18
|
Marchand H, Barst BD, Boulanger E, Vachon N, Houde M, Xia J, Liu P, Ewald JD, Bayen S, Liu L, Head JA. Exposure to Contaminated River Water is Associated with Early Hatching and Dysregulation of Gene Expression in Early Life Stages of the Endangered Copper Redhorse (Moxostoma hubbsi). Environ Toxicol Chem 2022; 41:1950-1966. [PMID: 35622059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The copper redhorse (Moxostoma hubbsi) is an endangered fish that spawns exclusively in the Richelieu River (Quebec, Canada). Tributaries of the Richelieu are contaminated with high levels of current-use pesticides, which may impact early-life stage (ELS) copper redhorse and other native fishes. We assessed the effects of exposure to contaminated river water on ELS copper redhorse and river redhorse (Moxostoma carinatum), a related fish that shares the copper redhorse's spawning grounds and nursery habitat. A riverside flow-through system was used to expose copper and river redhorse embryos (1000 each) to Richelieu River water or laboratory water as a control. Fish were maintained until 14 days posthatch, and water samples were taken daily for chemical analysis. Following a heavy rain event, concentrations of two neonicotinoid pesticides, clothianidin and thiamethoxam, exceeded water quality guidelines for aquatic life (20 ng/L). Using nontargeted screening, we tentatively identified an additional 24 pharmaceutical and personal care products and 23 pesticides in river water. Effects of river water on ELS fish were observed in both species, but the copper redhorse appeared to be more sensitive. Fish exposed to river water hatched 10.7 (copper redhorse) and 2.4 (river redhorse) cumulative degree days earlier than controls. Copper redhorse survival was significantly lower in river water (73 ± 16%) compared to laboratory water (93 ± 3%), whereas river redhorse survival was similar between treatments (84 ± 6% and 89 ± 4%, respectively). Sequencing of copper redhorse larvae RNA revealed 18 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) following 14 days of exposure to river water. Eight up-regulated DEGs were linked to immune function and injury response, and seven down-regulated DEGs were involved with digestion and nutrient absorption. The present study provided valuable data on the effects of ELS exposure to a real-world mixture of contaminants in two fish species of concern. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1950-1966. © 2022 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Marchand
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - B D Barst
- Water and Environmental Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA
| | - E Boulanger
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - N Vachon
- Direction de la gestion de la faune de l'Estrie, de Montréal, de la Montérégie et de Laval, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs du Québec, Longueuil, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Houde
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Xia
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - P Liu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - J D Ewald
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - S Bayen
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - L Liu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - J A Head
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bueno V, Gao X, Abdul Rahim A, Wang P, Bayen S, Ghoshal S. Uptake and Translocation of a Silica Nanocarrier and an Encapsulated Organic Pesticide Following Foliar Application in Tomato Plants. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:6722-6732. [PMID: 35467849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide nanoencapsulation and its foliar application are promising approaches for improving the efficiency of current pesticide application practices, whose losses can reach 99%. Here, we investigated the uptake and translocation of azoxystrobin, a systemic pesticide, encapsulated within porous hollow silica nanoparticles (PHSNs) of a mean diameter of 253 ± 73 nm, following foliar application on tomato plants. The PHSNs had 67% loading efficiency for azoxystrobin and enabled its controlled release over several days. Thus, the nanoencapsulated pesticide was taken up and distributed more slowly than the nonencapsulated pesticide. A total of 8.7 ± 1.3 μg of the azoxystrobin was quantified in different plant parts, 4 days after 20 μg of nanoencapsulated pesticide application on a single leaf of each plant. In parallel, the uptake and translocation of the PHSNs (as total Si and particulate SiO2) in the plant were characterized. The total Si translocated after 4 days was 15.5 ± 1.6 μg, and the uptake rate and translocation patterns for PHSNs were different from their pesticide load. Notably, PHSNs were translocated throughout the plant, although they were much larger than known size-exclusion limits (reportedly below 50 nm) in plant tissues, which points to knowledge gaps in the translocation mechanisms of nanoparticles in plants. The translocation patterns of azoxystrobin vary significantly following foliar uptake of the nanosilica-encapsulated and nonencapsulated pesticide formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Bueno
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Xiaoyu Gao
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Arshath Abdul Rahim
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Peiying Wang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Subhasis Ghoshal
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Marlatt VL, Bayen S, Castaneda-Cortès D, Delbès G, Grigorova P, Langlois VS, Martyniuk CJ, Metcalfe CD, Parent L, Rwigemera A, Thomson P, Van Der Kraak G. Impacts of endocrine disrupting chemicals on reproduction in wildlife and humans. Environ Res 2022; 208:112584. [PMID: 34951986 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are ubiquitous in aquatic and terrestrial environments. The main objective of this review was to summarize the current knowledge of the impacts of EDCs on reproductive success in wildlife and humans. The examples selected often include a retrospective assessment of the knowledge of reproductive impacts over time to discern how the effects of EDCs have changed over the last several decades. Collectively, the evidence summarized here within reinforce the concept that reproduction in wildlife and humans is negatively impacted by anthropogenic chemicals, with several altering endocrine system function. These observations of chemicals interfering with different aspects of the reproductive endocrine axis are particularly pronounced for aquatic species and are often corroborated by laboratory-based experiments (i.e. fish, amphibians, birds). Noteworthy, many of these same indicators are also observed in epidemiological studies in mammalian wildlife and humans. Given the vast array of reproductive strategies used by animals, it is perhaps not surprising that no single disrupted target is predictive of reproductive effects. Nevertheless, there are some general features of the endocrine control of reproduction, and in particular, the critical role that steroid hormones play in these processes that confer a high degree of susceptibility to environmental chemicals. New research is needed on the implications of chemical exposures during development and the potential for long-term reproductive effects. Future emphasis on field-based observations that can form the basis of more deliberate, extensive, and long-term population level studies to monitor contaminant effects, including adverse effects on the endocrine system, are key to addressing these knowledge gaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V L Marlatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - S Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - D Castaneda-Cortès
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - G Delbès
- Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - P Grigorova
- Département Science et Technologie, Université TELUQ, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - V S Langlois
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - C J Martyniuk
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - C D Metcalfe
- School of Environment, Trent University, Trent, Canada
| | - L Parent
- Département Science et Technologie, Université TELUQ, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - A Rwigemera
- Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - P Thomson
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, QC, Canada
| | - G Van Der Kraak
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Metcalfe CD, Bayen S, Desrosiers M, Muñoz G, Sauvé S, Yargeau V. An introduction to the sources, fate, occurrence and effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals released into the environment. Environ Res 2022; 207:112658. [PMID: 34990614 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many classes of compounds are known or suspected to disrupt the endocrine system of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms. This review of the sources and fate of selected endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment includes classes of compounds that are "legacy" contaminants, as well as contaminants of emerging concern. EDCs included for discussion are organochlorine compounds, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, brominated flame retardants, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, alkylphenols, phthalates, bisphenol A and analogues, pharmaceuticals, drugs of abuse and steroid hormones, personal care products, and organotins. An exhaustive survey of the fate of these contaminants in all environmental media (e.g., air, water, soil, biota, foods and beverages) is beyond the scope of this review, so the priority is to highlight the fate of EDCs in environmental media for which there is a clear link between exposure and endocrine effects in humans or in biota from other taxa. Where appropriate, linkages are also made between the fate of EDCs and regulatory limits such as environmental quality guidelines for water and sediments and total daily intake values for humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - S Bayen
- McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - M Desrosiers
- Ministère du Développement durable, de l'Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques du Québec. Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - G Muñoz
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - S Sauvé
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - V Yargeau
- McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Metcalfe CD, Bayen S, Desrosiers M, Muñoz G, Sauvé S, Yargeau V. Methods for the analysis of endocrine disrupting chemicals in selected environmental matrixes. Environ Res 2022; 206:112616. [PMID: 34953884 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are heterogenous in structure, chemical and physical properties, and their capacity to partition into various environmental matrixes. In many cases, these chemicals can disrupt the endocrine systems of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms when present at very low concentrations. Therefore, sensitive and varied analytical methods are required to detect these compounds in the environment. This review summarizes the analytical methods and instruments that are most used to monitor for EDCs in selected environmental matrixes. Only those matrixes for which there is a clear link between exposures and endocrine effects are included in this review. Also discussed are emerging methods for sample preparation and advanced analytical instruments that provide greater selectivity and sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - S Bayen
- McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - M Desrosiers
- Ministère du Développement durable, de l'Environnement et de la Lutte Contre les Changements Climatiques du Québec, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - G Muñoz
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - S Sauvé
- Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - V Yargeau
- McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Simonnet-Laprade C, Bayen S, McGoldrick D, McDaniel T, Hutinet S, Marchand P, Vénisseau A, Cariou R, Le Bizec B, Dervilly G. Evidence of complementarity between targeted and non-targeted analysis based on liquid and gas-phase chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for screening halogenated persistent organic pollutants in environmental matrices. Chemosphere 2022; 293:133615. [PMID: 35038446 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the complementarity between targeted (TS) and non-targeted screening (NTS) based on liquid and gas-phase chromatography coupled to (high-resolution) mass spectrometry (LC-/GC-(HR)MS) for the comprehensive characterization of organohalogen fingerprints within a set of Lake Ontario lake trout samples. The concentrations of 86 legacy, emerging and novel halogenated compounds (HCs), were determined through 4 TS approaches involving no less than 6 hyphenated systems. In parallel, an innovative NTS strategy, involving both LC and GC-Q-Orbitrap, was implemented to specifically highlight halogenated signals. Non-targeted HRMS data were processed under the HaloSeeker software based on Cl and Br isotopic ratio and mass defect to extend the screening to unsuspected and unknown HCs. A total of 195 halogenated mass spectral features were characterized in the Lake Ontario lake trout, including well known HCs (PCBs, PBDEs, PBBs, DDT and their degradation products), emerging HCs (novel brominated flame retardants, short-, medium- and long-chain chlorinated paraffins) or suggested molecular formula (mainly polychlorinated ones). Among the 122 HCs highlighted by TS, only 21 were identified by NTS. These results fueled a discussion on the potential and limitations of both approaches, and the current position of NTS within environmental and health monitoring programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - S Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - D McGoldrick
- Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
| | - T McDaniel
- Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Hutinet
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, 44307, Nantes, France
| | - P Marchand
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, 44307, Nantes, France
| | - A Vénisseau
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, 44307, Nantes, France
| | - R Cariou
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, 44307, Nantes, France
| | - B Le Bizec
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, 44307, Nantes, France
| | - G Dervilly
- Oniris, INRAE, LABERCA, 44307, Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tian L, Zheng J, Pineda M, Yargeau V, Furlong D, Chevrier J, Bornman R, Obida M, Gates Goodyer C, Bayen S. Targeted screening of 11 bisphenols and 7 plasticizers in food composites from Canada and South Africa. Food Chem 2022; 385:132675. [PMID: 35305432 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive method based on ultrasound-assisted liquid extraction coupled with liquid chromatography was applied to screen 18 plastic-related contaminants in 168 food composites (namely fish fillets, chicken breast, canned tuna, leafy vegetables, bread and butter) collected in Montreal (Canada), Pretoria and Vhembe (South Africa). Bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS) and seven plasticizers (di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), di-isononyl phthalate (DINP), di-(isononyl)-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH)) were detected in different foods from both countries. DBP and DEP were the most frequently detected contaminants in food collected in Montreal (75% for both) and DINP was the most frequently detected contaminant in food from South Africa (67%). DEHA concentration in packaged fish were significantly higher than the values for non-packaged fish (p < 0.01) suggesting that the packaging film can be one source of DEHA in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Jingyun Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Marco Pineda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Viviane Yargeau
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, 3610 University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Daniel Furlong
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Jonathan Chevrier
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Montreal, H3A 1G1, Canada
| | - Riana Bornman
- Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control and School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Muvhulawa Obida
- Institute for Sustainable Malaria Control and School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Cindy Gates Goodyer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Barton-Maclaren TS, Wade M, Basu N, Bayen S, Grundy J, Marlatt V, Moore R, Parent L, Parrott J, Grigorova P, Pinsonnault-Cooper J, Langlois VS. Innovation in regulatory approaches for endocrine disrupting chemicals: The journey to risk assessment modernization in Canada. Environ Res 2022; 204:112225. [PMID: 34666016 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Globally, regulatory authorities grapple with the challenge of assessing the hazards and risks to human and ecosystem health that may result from exposure to chemicals that disrupt the normal functioning of endocrine systems. Rapidly increasing number of chemicals in commerce, coupled with the reliance on traditional, costly animal experiments for hazard characterization - often with limited sensitivity to many important mechanisms of endocrine disruption -, presents ongoing challenges for chemical regulation. The consequence is a limited number of chemicals for which there is sufficient data to assess if there is endocrine toxicity and hence few chemicals with thorough hazard characterization. To address this challenge, regulatory assessment of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is benefiting from a revolution in toxicology that focuses on New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) to more rapidly identify, prioritize, and assess the potential risks from exposure to chemicals using novel, more efficient, and more mechanistically driven methodologies and tools. Incorporated into Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment (IATA) and guided by conceptual frameworks such as Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs), emerging approaches focus initially on molecular interactions between the test chemical and potentially vulnerable biological systems instead of the need for animal toxicity data. These new toxicity testing methods can be complemented with in silico and computational toxicology approaches, including those that predict chemical kinetics. Coupled with exposure data, these will inform risk-based decision-making approaches. Canada is part of a global network collaborating on building confidence in the use of NAMs for regulatory assessment of EDCs. Herein, we review the current approaches to EDC regulation globally (mainly from the perspective of human health), and provide a perspective on how the advances for regulatory testing and assessment can be applied and discuss the promises and challenges faced in adopting these novel approaches to minimize risks due to EDC exposure in Canada, and our world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T S Barton-Maclaren
- Existing Substances Risk Assessment Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Canada.
| | - M Wade
- Environmental Health Centre, Environmental Health, Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - N Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - S Bayen
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - J Grundy
- New Substances Assessment and Control Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Canada
| | - V Marlatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - R Moore
- New Substances Assessment and Control Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Canada
| | - L Parent
- Département Science et Technologie, Université TÉLUQ, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - J Parrott
- Water Science and Technology Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada
| | - P Grigorova
- Département Science et Technologie, Université TÉLUQ, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - J Pinsonnault-Cooper
- New Substances Assessment and Control Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Canada
| | - V S Langlois
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Alimi OS, Claveau-Mallet D, Kurusu RS, Lapointe M, Bayen S, Tufenkji N. Weathering pathways and protocols for environmentally relevant microplastics and nanoplastics: What are we missing? J Hazard Mater 2022; 423:126955. [PMID: 34488100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
To date, most studies of microplastics have been carried out with pristine particles. However, most plastics in the environment will be aged to some extent; hence, understanding the effects of weathering and accurately mimicking weathering processes are crucial. By using microplastics that lack environmental relevance, we are unable to fully assess the risks associated with microplastic pollution in the environment. Emerging studies advocate for harmonization of experimental methods, however, the subject of reliable weathering protocols for realistic assessment has not been addressed. In this work, we critically analysed the current knowledge regarding protocols used for generating environmentally relevant microplastics and leachates for effects studies. We present the expected and overlooked weathering pathways that plastics will undergo throughout their lifecycle. International standard weathering protocols developed for polymers were critically analysed for their appropriateness for use in microplastics research. We show that most studies using weathered microplastics involve sorption experiments followed by toxicity assays. The most frequently reported weathered plastic types in the literature are polystyrene>polyethylene>polypropylene>polyvinyl chloride, which does not reflect the global plastic production and plastic types detected globally. Only ~10% of published effect studies have used aged microplastics and of these, only 12 use aged nanoplastics. This highlights the need to embrace the use of environmentally relevant microplastics and to pay critical attention to the appropriateness of the weathering methods adopted moving forward. We advocate for quality reporting of weathering protocols and characterisation for harmonization and reproducibility across different research efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olubukola S Alimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Dominique Claveau-Mallet
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada; Department of Civil, Geological and Mining Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, H3C 3A7, Canada
| | - Rafael S Kurusu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Mathieu Lapointe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Lakeshore, Ste Anne de Bellevue, 21111, Canada
| | - Nathalie Tufenkji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Baesu A, Audet C, Bayen S. Evaluation of different extractions for the metabolite identification of malachite green in brook trout and shrimp. Food Chem 2022; 369:130567. [PMID: 34492611 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Applications of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics in food science have developed fast in the last decade. Sample preparation and data processing are critical in non-target/metabolomic workflows but there is currently no standardized protocol for the development of these methods. The impact of data processing parameters or the inclusion of a different matrix is not often taken into account during the selection of an extraction. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of different extractions, e.g., QuEChERS, and data processing on the determination of malachite green metabolites in two different organisms, brook trout and shrimp. The results obtained confirm the need for a harmonized approach for the validation of non-target workflows, as depending on the comparison criteria, the matrix, the mode of ionization or data processing, a different extraction could be chosen. This study also identified for the first time des-methylated leucomalachite green as another metabolite in the two organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca Baesu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Céline Audet
- Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang P, Galhardi JA, Liu L, Bueno V, Ghoshal S, Gravel V, Wilkinson KJ, Bayen S. Development of an LC-MS-based method to study the fate of nanoencapsulated pesticides in soils and strawberry plant. Talanta 2021; 239:123093. [PMID: 34920258 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The increased production and use of nanopesticides will increase the likelihood of their exposure to humans and the environment. In order to properly evaluate their risk, it will be necessary to rigorously quantify their concentrations in major environmental compartments including water, soil and food. Due to major differences in the characteristics of their formulation, it is unclear whether analytical techniques that have been developed for conventional pesticides will allow quantification of the nano-forms. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and validate analytical techniques for the quantification of nanopesticides in foods and the environment. The goal of this study was to validate a method for analyzing the active ingredients of two pesticides with different physicochemical properties: azoxystrobin (AZOX, a fungicide, log Kow 3.7) and bifenthrin (BFT, an insecticide, log Kow 6.6) that were applied to agricultural soils, either as a conventional formulation or encapsulated in nanoparticles (either Allosperse® or porous hollow nSiO2). Pesticide-free strawberry plants (Fragaria × ananassa) and three different agricultural soils were spiked with the active ingredients (azoxystrobin and bifenthrin), in either conventional or nano formulations. A modified QuEChERS approach was used to extract the pesticides from the strawberry plants (roots, leaves and fruits) and a solvent extraction (1:2 acetonitrile) was employed for the soils. Samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in order to determine method detection limits, recoveries, precision and matrix effects for both the "conventional" and nanoencapsulated pesticides. Results for the modified method indicated good recoveries and precision for the analysis of the nanoencapsulated pesticides from strawberries and agricultural soils, with recoveries ranging from 85 to 127% (AZOX) and 68-138% (BFT). The results indicated that the presence of the nanoencapsulants had significant effects on the efficiency of extraction and the quantification of the active ingredients. The modified analytical methods were successfully used to measure strawberry and soil samples from a field experiment, providing the means to explore the fate of nanoencapsulated pesticides in food and environmental matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiying Wang
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | - Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Vinicius Bueno
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Subhasis Ghoshal
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Gravel
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Kevin J Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Baesu A, Audet C, Bayen S. Application of non-target analysis to study the thermal transformation of malachite and leucomalachite green in brook trout and shrimp. Curr Res Food Sci 2021; 4:707-715. [PMID: 34693342 PMCID: PMC8517845 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The fate of malachite green and its main metabolite leucomalachite green during thermal treatment was examined in seafood (brook trout and white shrimp) using non-target analysis. Samples were extracted using QuEChERS and analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled with quadruple time of flight mass spectrometry. Malachite green levels were reduced in meat during boiling (∼40%), microwaving (64%), and canning (96%). Only microwaving was successful in significantly decreasing leucomalachite green levels in brook trout. The reduction percentages of the two target analytes were not significantly different in shrimp (mean fat content = 0.8 ± 0.3%) and in brook trout (mean fat content = 3.5 ± 1.7%), suggesting that a higher fat content may not affect the reduction of the more lipophilic leucomalachite green in these two matrices. Three transformation products were tentatively identified in the cooked tissues, resulting from the cleavage of the conjugated structure or through demethylation. Further research is needed to determine possible adverse health effects. The findings of this study show how non-target analysis can complement targeted methodologies in identifying and evaluating risks to human health. Non-target analysis was applied to study the fate of malachite/leucomalachite green. Thermal processing significantly reduced malachite green in seafood by up to 96%. Leucomalachite green levels were significantly reduced only after microwaving. Three transformation products were tentatively identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca Baesu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111, Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Céline Audet
- Institut des Sciences de La Mer de Rimouski, Université Du Québec à Rimouski, 310 des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111, Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
- Corresponding author. Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry McGill University, 21111, Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Simonnet-Laprade C, Bayen S, Le Bizec B, Dervilly G. Data analysis strategies for the characterization of chemical contaminant mixtures. Fish as a case study. Environ Int 2021; 155:106610. [PMID: 33965766 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thousands of chemicals are potentially contaminating the environment and food resources, covering a wide spectrum of molecular structures, physico-chemical properties, sources, environmental behavior and toxic profiles. Beyond the description of the individual chemicals, characterizing contaminant mixtures in related matrices has become a major challenge in ecological and human health risk assessments. Continuous analytical developments, in the fields of targeted (TA) and non-targeted analysis (NTA), have resulted in ever larger sets of data on associated chemical profiles. More than ever, the implementation of advanced data analysis strategies is essential to elucidate profiles and extract new knowledge from these large data sets. Specifically focusing on the data analysis step, this review summarizes the recent progress in integrating data analysis tools into TA and NTA workflows to address the challenging characterization of chemical mixtures in environmental and food matrices. As fish matrices are relevant in both aquatic pollution and consumer exposure perspectives, fish was chosen as the main theme to illustrate this review, although the present document is equally relevant to other food and environmental matrices. The key features of TA and NTA data sets were reviewed to illustrate the challenges associated with their analysis. Advanced filtering strategies to mine NTA data sets are presented, with a particular focus on chemical filters and discriminant analysis. Further, the applications of supervised and unsupervised multivariate analysis methods to characterize exposure to chemical mixtures, and their associated challenges, is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Simonnet-Laprade
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Oniris, INRAE, F-44307 Nantes, France.
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Bruno Le Bizec
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Oniris, INRAE, F-44307 Nantes, France
| | - Gaud Dervilly
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Oniris, INRAE, F-44307 Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zheng J, Tian L, Bayen S. Chemical contaminants in canned food and can-packaged food: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2687-2718. [PMID: 34583591 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1980369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Canning, as a preservation technique, is widely used to extend the shelf life as well as to maintain the quality of perishable foods. During the canning process, most of the microorganisms are killed, reducing their impact on food quality and safety. However, the presence of a range of undesirable chemical contaminants has been reported in canned foods and in relation to the canning process. The present review provides an overview of these chemical contaminants, including metals, polymeric contaminants and biogenic amine contaminants. They have various origins, including migration from the can materials, formation during the canning process, or contamination during steps required prior to canning (e.g. the disinfection step). Some other can-packaged foods (e.g. beverages or milk powder), which are not canned foods by definition, were also discussed in this review, as they have been frequently studied simultaneously with canned foods in terms of contamination. The occurrence of these contaminants, the analytical techniques involved, and the factors influencing the presence of these contaminants in canned food and can-packaged food are summarized and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Swain HS, Bayen S, Ray A, Johnson C, Baitha R, Bohr M, Verma S, Das BK. Present status, distribution and relative abundance of IUCN Red-listed fish species of River Ganga. CURR SCI INDIA 2021. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v121/i5/709-714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
33
|
Baesu A, Ballash G, Mollenkopf D, Wittum T, Sulliván SMP, Bayen S. Suspect screening of pharmaceuticals in fish livers based on QuEChERS extraction coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry. Sci Total Environ 2021; 783:146902. [PMID: 33872907 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in aquatic environments is of increasing concern due to the presence of residues in fish and aquatic organisms, and emerging antibiotic resistance. Wastewater release is an important contributor to the presence of these compounds in aquatic ecosystems, where they may accumulate in food webs. The traditional environmental surveillance approach relies on the targeted analysis of specific compounds, but more suspect screening methods have been developed recently to allow for the identification of a variety of contaminants. In this study, a method based on QuEChERS extraction - using acetonitrile/water mixture as solvent and PSA/C18 for sample clean-up - was applied to identify pharmaceuticals and their metabolites in fish livers. Both target and suspect screening workflows were used and fish were sampled upstream and downstream of wastewater treatment plants from the Scioto River, Ohio (USA). The method performed well in terms of extraction of some target PPCPs, with recoveries generally above 90%, good repeatability (<20%), and linearity. Based on target analysis, lincomycin and sulfamethoxazole were two antibiotics identified in fish livers at average concentrations of 30.3 and 25.6 ng g-1 fresh weight, respectively. Using suspect screening, another antibiotic, azithromycin and an antidepressant metabolite, erythrohydrobupropion were identified (average concentrations: 27.8 and 13.8 ng g-1, respectively). The latter, reported, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time in fish livers, was also found at higher concentrations in fish livers sampled downstream vs. upstream. The higher frequency of detection for azithromycin in benthic feeding fish species (63%) as well as clusters identified between different foraging groups suggest that foraging behavior may be an important mechanism in the bioaccumulation of PPCPs. This study shows how suspect screening is effective in identifying new contaminants in fish livers, notably using differential analysis among different spatially distributed samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca Baesu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Gregory Ballash
- Departments of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1920 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
| | - Dixie Mollenkopf
- Departments of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1920 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
| | - Thomas Wittum
- Departments of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, 1920 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
| | - S Mažeika Patricio Sulliván
- Schiermeier Olentangy River Wetland Research Park, School of Environment and Natural Resources, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu L, Aljathelah NM, Hassan H, Giraldes BW, Leitão A, Bayen S. Targeted and suspect screening of contaminants in coastal water and sediment samples in Qatar. Sci Total Environ 2021; 774:145043. [PMID: 33609843 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) combined with separation techniques has allowed comprehensive analysis of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) as well as their metabolites and transformation products in various environmental samples via retrospective screening. However, to date, only a few suspect or non-targeted studies on the occurrence of CECs in marine aquatic system are reported. In this study, two methods, based on direct injection for seawater, or ultrasound-assisted extraction for sediments, followed by LC-Q-TOF-MS analysis were developed and applied for the simultaneous targeted and screening of contaminants in coastal samples (seawater, particulates and sediment) from Qatar collected in 2017-2018. Among the twenty-one target analytes (pesticides, PPCPs and a plasticizer), two compounds only were detected in seawater. Caffeine was detected in seawater samples at all sampling sites, and cotinine was detected in seawater samples collected in Umm Bab in 2018 and seawaters receiving stormwater. Traces of trimethoprim and carbamazepine were detected in sediment samples collected at four sites in 2017. These results suggest some inputs of domestic wastewater in the coastal waters in Qatar. In total, twelve molecular features were tentatively identified from suspect screening at concentration levels significantly higher than that in procedure blanks. The presence of four plasticizers and one pesticide were further confirmed using reference standards: diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and tributyl phosphate (TBP) in seawater samples; bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in sediment and particulate samples; and dinoterb in seawater after storm event and particulate samples. Overall, this study demonstrated the potential of high resolution LC-Q-TOF-MS/MS for combined targeted and non-targeted analyses of trace contaminants in marine systems over a broad range of log P values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada
| | | | - Hassan Hassan
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Qatar
| | | | | | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Khodaei N, Nguyen MM, Mdimagh A, Bayen S, Karboune S. Compositional diversity and antioxidant properties of essential oils: Predictive models. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
36
|
He NX, Bayen S. An overview of chemical contaminants and other undesirable chemicals in alcoholic beverages and strategies for analysis. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:3916-3950. [PMID: 33337040 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The presence of chemical contaminant in alcoholic beverages is a widespread and notable problem with potential implications for human health. With the complexity and wide variation in the raw materials, production processes, and contact materials involved, there are a multitude of opportunities for a diverse host of undesirable compounds to make their way into the final product-some of which may currently remain unidentified and undetected. This review provides an overview of the notable contaminants (including pesticides, environmental contaminants, mycotoxins, process-induced contaminants, residues of food contact material [FCM], and illegal additives) that have been detected in alcoholic products thus far based on prior reviews and findings in the literature, and will additionally consider the potential sources for contamination, and finally discuss and identify gaps in current analytical strategies. The findings of this review highlight a need for further investigation into unwanted substances in alcoholic beverages, particularly concerning chemical migrants from FCMs, as well as a need for comprehensive nontargeted analytical techniques capable of determining unanticipated contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Xiaohe He
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dinh QT, Munoz G, Vo Duy S, Tien Do D, Bayen S, Sauvé S. Analysis of sulfonamides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, triphenylmethane dyes and other veterinary drug residues in cultured and wild seafood sold in Montreal, Canada. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
38
|
Tian L, Goodyer CG, Zheng J, Bayen S. Thermal degradation of bisphenol A and bisphenol S in water and fish (cod and basa) fillets. Food Chem 2020; 328:126999. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
39
|
Tian L, Zheng J, Goodyer CG, Bayen S. Non-targeted screening of plastic-related chemicals in food collected in Montreal, Canada. Food Chem 2020; 326:126942. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
40
|
Xu EG, Cheong RS, Liu L, Hernandez LM, Azimzada A, Bayen S, Tufenkji N. Primary and Secondary Plastic Particles Exhibit Limited Acute Toxicity but Chronic Effects on Daphnia magna. Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:6859-6868. [PMID: 32421333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs; <0.1 μm) are speculated to be a bigger ecological threat due to their predicted wider distribution, higher concentrations, and bioavailability. Primary NPs are manufactured to be that size, while secondary NPs originate from fragmentation of bigger debris. To date, the long-term impact of NPs in freshwater systems, particularly secondary NPs, is not well-understood. Thus, we employed a freshwater invertebrate, Daphnia magna, to investigate the chronic effects of model primary NPs, fluorescent polystyrene nanospheres (PS-NPs; 20 nm), and water leachate of weathered single-use plastics that contained micro- and nanosized particles. In experiment 1, parent Daphnia (F0) were exposed to 1 and 50 mg/L PS-NPs until the production of the neonates (F1) followed by a two-generation recovery. PS-NPs were mainly detected in the intestine and brood chamber in F0 and transferred to F1 and F2. PS-NPs significantly decreased the appendage curling and heartbeat rate in F0 and reduced reproduction in F2. In experiment 2, the plastic leachate also reduced the appendage curling rate but increased growth and reproduction. The results suggest that the acute toxicity of primary and secondary plastic particles is low even at high concentrations, but their chronic and sublethal effects should not be overlooked.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Rachel S Cheong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Laura M Hernandez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Agil Azimzada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Nathalie Tufenkji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Messaadi N, Bayen S, Beghin L, Lefebvre JM, Colleau S, Deken V, Cottencin O, Quersin F, Descamps A, Vanhelst J. [Association between screen time and sleep habits in 11-to-12-year-old French middle school students]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2020; 68:179-184. [PMID: 32461032 DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screen media usage has become increasingly commonplace in daily life with children initiating themselves to screen media at an early age. Given the high prevalence of screen viewing among children worldwide, its impact on children's health has become a cause for concern. Unfortunately, little information on the independent association between sleep habits and screen time in French children is currently available. The main aim of this study was to assess possible relationships between screen time and sleep habits (quality, duration, etc.) among young middle school students in France. METHODS A total of 448 (55 % girls) 11-to-12-year-olds from 5 schools were included. Body weight and height were measured according to standard procedures and BMI percentiles were determined based on international reference values. Sleep parameters were obtained by sleep diaries and visual estimations. A sleep diary was maintained for one week to record sleeping and waking times and related information. Information on lifestyle habits (sedentary behaviours, physical activity, and dietary intake) was obtained via standardised questionnaires. RESULTS Participants were 11.5 (±0.4) years of age. From total sample, 25.5 % reported screen time ≥2hours/d during school days and 62.7 % during school-free days. High screen time was associated with significantly poorer sleep habits and these results remained valid after adjustment for several confounding factors (body mass index, sex, center and parental level of educational attainment) (P<0.05). CONCLUSION This study highlights an association between longer screen time and shorter sleep duration in French middle school students aged 11 to 12 years. Preventive measures on use of and exposure to screens are called for. Further studies are necessary to confirm our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Messaadi
- General medicine department, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France; Maison dispersée de santé-JDE, Lille, France.
| | - S Bayen
- General medicine department, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - L Beghin
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU de Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J-M Lefebvre
- General medicine department, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - S Colleau
- General medicine department, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - V Deken
- Methodology, biostatistics and data management unit, maison régionale de la recherche clinique, Lille, France
| | - O Cottencin
- Plasticity & SubjectivitY (PSY) team, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition Centre (LiNC), Inserm U-1172, Lille, France
| | - F Quersin
- General medicine department, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Descamps
- General medicine department, University of Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - J Vanhelst
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU de Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, 59000 Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
von Eyken A, Bayen S. Non-targeted study of the thermal degradation of tylosin in honey, water and water:honey mixtures. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:421-437. [PMID: 31917648 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1704442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Tylosin A is a macrolide antibiotic used in beekeeping. The aim of the study was to characterise the behaviour of tylosin A in honey after heating and during storage, and to identify its degradation products using a non-targeted approach. In addition, the possibility of a semi-quantification of tylosin B using tylosin A was assessed as a case study for the semi-quantification of degradation products using the parent compounds. The results showed significant degradation of tylosin A in aqueous solution (~96%) as well as in spiked and incurred honey dissolved in water (~50% and ~29%, respectively) after heating at 100°C for 90 min. However, at a lower heating temperature of 70°C, degradation was only observed in water (~31%). When stored at room temperature (27°C) for one year, tylosin A degraded significantly (~47%) in an incurred honey sample. Tylosin B, the only reported degradation product of tylosin A in honey so far, increased significantly in aqueous solution under all treatments, but it only increased in spiked water-honey mixture after heating at 100°C. Two new degradation products, namely 5-O-mycaminosyltylonolide (OMT) and lactenocin, were tentatively identified in water and spiked honey after heating at 100°C. The results of the present study reinforce the conclusion that relying only on the water model or spiked food matrix is not sufficient to understand the thermal degradation of antibiotics in food matrices. Finally, a semi-quantification of tylosin B with a relative error of 20% in an incurred honey sample was possible using the response factor of tylosin A, its parent compound. The results of this study prove that a semi-quantification using the parent compound to quantify its degradation compound can provide satisfactory results, but this will be analyte-dependent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie von Eyken
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Samsatly J, Bayen S, Jabaji SH. Vitamin B6 Is Under a Tight Balance During Disease Development by Rhizoctonia solani on Different Cultivars of Potato and on Arabidopsis thaliana Mutants. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:875. [PMID: 32670323 PMCID: PMC7327096 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B6 is well recognized as an essential antioxidant and plays a role in stress responses. Co-expression of plant and pathogen-derived vitamin B6 genes is critical during disease development of R. solani. However, little is known about the functionality of vitamin B6 vitamers during plant-R. solani interactions and their involvement in disease tolerance. Here, we explored the possible involvement of vitamin B6 during disease progression of potato cultivars of different susceptibility levels to R. solani. A distinct pattern of gene expression, pyridoxine (PN) concentration, and fungal biomass was found in the susceptible cv. Russet Burbank and tolerant cv. Chieftain. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in R. solani mycelia or plant tissues applying non-fluorescence or fluorescence methods was related to up-regulation in the vitamin B6 pathway and is indicative of oxidative stress. Russet Burbank was susceptible to R. solani, which was linked to reduced amounts of VB6 content. Prior to infection, constitutive PN levels were significantly higher in Russet Burbank by 1.6-fold compared to Chieftain. Upon infection with R. solani, PN levels in infected tissues increased more in Chieftain (1.7-fold) compared to Russet Burbank (1.4-fold). R. solani AG3 infection of potato sprouts in both cultivars significantly activates the fungal and plant vitamin B6 and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genes in a tissue-specific response. Significant fold increases of transcript abundance of the fungal genes ranged from a minimum of 3.60 (RsolSG3GST) to a maximum of 13.91 (RsolAG3PDX2) in the surrounding necrotic lesion tissues (zone 1). On the other hand, PCA showed that the top plant genes STGST and STPDX1.1 were linked to both tissues of necrotic lesions (zone 2) and their surrounding areas of necrotic lesions. Functional characterization of Arabidopsis pdx1.3 mutants challenged with R. solani provided evidence into the role of the vitamin B6 pathway in the maintenance of plant tolerance during disease progression. Overall, we demonstrate that the production of vitamin VB6 is under tight control and is an essential determinant of disease development during the interaction of R. solani with potato cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Samsatly
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Suha H. Jabaji
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Suha H. Jabaji,
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tian L, Verreault J, Houde M, Bayen S. Suspect screening of plastic-related chemicals in northern pike (Esox lucius) from the St. Lawrence River, Canada. Environ Pollut 2019; 255:113223. [PMID: 31541811 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contaminant monitoring traditionally relies on targeted analysis, and very few tools are currently available to monitor "unexpected" or "unknown" compounds. In the present study, a non-targeted workflow (suspect screening) was developed to investigate plastic-related chemicals and other environmental contaminants in a top predator freshwater fish species, the northern pike, from the St. Lawrence River, Canada. Samples were extracted using sonication-assisted liquid extraction and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS). Ten bisphenol compounds were used to test the analytical performances of the method, and satisfactory results were obtained in terms of instrumental linearity (r2 > 0.97), recoveries, (86.53-119.32%), inter-day precision and method detection limits. The non-targeted workflow data processing parameters were studied, and the peak height filters (peak filtering step) were found to influence significantly the capacity to detect and identify trace chemicals in pike muscle extracts. None of the ten bisphenol analogues were detected in pike extracts suggesting the absence of accumulation for these chemicals in pike muscle. However, the non-targeted workflow enabled the identification of diethyl phthalate (DEP) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) in pike extracts. This approach thus can be also applied to various contaminants in other biological matrices and environmental samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Jonathan Verreault
- Centre de recherche en toxicologie de l'environnement (TOXEN), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Magali Houde
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Liu L, Aljathelah NM, Hassan H, Leitão A, Bayen S. Development of a liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry based method for the targeted and suspect screening of contaminants in the pearl oyster Pinctada imbricata radiata. Environ Pollut 2019; 253:841-849. [PMID: 31349193 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A rapid method based on solvent extraction followed by direct injection in liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) was developed for the targeted and suspect screening of contaminants in the soft tissues of the pearl oyster Pinctada imbricata radiata. The quantification method was first validated for the targeted analysis of 21 contaminants including some pharmaceutically active compounds, with the relative recoveries ranging from 88 to 123%, and method detection limits generally below 1 ng g-1 on the wet weight (ww) basis. This targeted analysis method was then applied to oyster samples collected around the Qatari coast between 2017/2018, and none of the 21 compounds were detected in these samples. The post-acquisition data treatment based on the accurate mass measurement in both full MS scan and All Ions MS/MS was further used for mining other contaminants in oyster extracts, as well as 21 targeted compounds spiked in oyster extracts (suspect screening). The 21 spiked compounds were identified successfully and the estimated limit of identification for the individual 21 compounds ranged from 0.5 to 117 ng g-1 ww of oyster tissues. A phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was identified to be present in oyster extracts from 2018 batches, at a concentration level significantly higher than that in procedure blanks. These results confirmed that high resolution MS data obtained using the targeted method can be exploited through suspect screening workflows to identify contaminants in the tissues of bioindicator mollusks. However, a number of false identifications could be obtained and future work will be on improving the success rate of the correct identifications using this workflow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada
| | | | - Hassan Hassan
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Qatar
| | | | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
von Eyken A, Bayen S. Optimization of the Data Treatment Steps of a Non-targeted LC-MS-Based Workflow for the Identification of Trace Chemical Residues in Honey. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2019; 30:765-777. [PMID: 30877654 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02157-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Non-targeted screening (e.g., suspected-target) is emerging as an attractive tool to investigate the occurrence of contaminants in food. The sample preparation and instrument analysis steps are known to influence the identification of analytes with non-targeted workflows, especially for complex matrices. However, for methods based on mass spectrometry, the impact of the post-analysis data treatment (e.g., feature extraction) on the capacity to correctly identify a contaminant at trace level is currently not well understood. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of seven post-analysis data treatment parameters on the non-targeted identification of trace contaminants in honey using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF-MS). Seven compounds reported as veterinary drugs for honeybees were applied as model compounds. Among the parameters studied, the expansion window for chromatogram extraction and the average scans included in the spectra influenced significantly the identification process results. The optimized data treatment was applied to the non-targeted screening of veterinary drugs, pesticides, and other contaminants in 55 honey samples as a proof of concept. Among the 43 compounds included in a library of honey-related compounds that was used for screening, eight compounds were tentatively identified in at least one honey sample. The tentative identity of two of these compounds (tylosin A and hydroxymethylfurfural) was further confirmed with analytical standards. Graphical Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie von Eyken
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bayen S, Segovia Estrada E, Zhang H, Lee WK, Juhel G, Smedes F, Kelly BC. Partitioning and Bioaccumulation of Legacy and Emerging Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals in Mangrove Ecosystems. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:2549-2558. [PMID: 30689941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b06122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge regarding partitioning behavior and bioaccumulation potential of environmental contaminants is important for ecological and human health risk assessment. While a range of models are available to describe bioaccumulation potential of hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs) in temperate aquatic food webs, their applicability to tropical systems still needs to be validated. The present study involved field investigations to assess the occurrence, partitioning, and bioaccumulation behavior of several legacy and emerging HOCs in mangrove ecosystems in Singapore. Concentrations of synthetic musk fragrance compounds, methyl triclosan (MTCS), polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were measured in mangrove sediments, clams, and caged mussels. Freely dissolved concentrations of the HOCs in water were determined using silicone rubber passive samplers. Results showed that polycyclic musks and MTCS are present in mangrove ecosystems and can accumulate in the tissues of mollusks. The generated HOC concentration data for mangrove water, sediments, and biota samples was further utilized to evaluate water-sediment partitioning (e.g., Koc values) and bioaccumulation behavior (e.g., BAF and BSAF values). Overall, the empirical models fit reasonably well with the data obtained for this ecosystem, supporting the concept that general models are applicable to predict the behavior of legacy and emerging HOCs in mangrove ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry , McGill University , 21111 Lakeshore , Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue , H9X 3 V9 Quebec , Canada
| | - Elvagris Segovia Estrada
- Department of Geography , National University of Singapore , 1 Arts Link, AS2 #03-01 , Singapore 117570
| | | | | | - Guillaume Juhel
- Tropical Marine Science Institute , National University of Singapore , 18 Kent Ridge Road , Singapore 119227
| | - Foppe Smedes
- Deltares , P.O. Box 85467, 3508 AL Utrecht , The Netherlands
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX) , Masaryk University , Kamenice 753/5 , 625 00 Brno , Czech Republic
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lin H, Santa-Rios A, Barst BD, Basu N, Bayen S. Occurrence and bioaccessibility of mercury in commercial rice samples in Montreal (Canada). Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 126:72-78. [PMID: 30735750 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to increase the understanding of mercury exposure via rice commonly consumed in a major North American city. Rice samples were collected from Montreal markets (n = 89) between 2016 and 2017 and analyzed for total mercury (THg) content. THg content ranged from 0.7 ± 0.1 to 9.3 ± 0.5 ng g-1 dw. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were recorded among the various rice types and countries of origin. Overall, cooking had little effect on the THg concentrations in rice. Thiols play a major role in the fate of Hg, therefore thiol contents in rice were measured, and a weak but significant relationship between thiol and THg contents in rice (p < 0.05) was observed. An in vitro gastro-intestinal digestion method was used to assess the bioaccessibility rate of THg in cooked rice samples, and less than 44.5% of THg from the initial rice samples was bioaccessible after in vitro digestion. Dietary exposure to Hg through rice consumption was calculated for the typical Canadian population and values were all below current provisional tolerable weekly intake guidelines. This study improves our understanding of Hg exposures via rice in a large North American city.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hefei Lin
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada
| | | | - Benjamin D Barst
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Canada
| | - Niladri Basu
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Canada; School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Canada
| | - Stéphane Bayen
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tian L, Lin L, Bayen S. Optimization of the post-acquisition data processing for the non-targeted screening of trace leachable residues from reusable plastic bottles by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry. Talanta 2019; 193:70-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|