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Al-Saidi HM, Khan S. Recent Advances in Thiourea Based Colorimetric and Fluorescent Chemosensors for Detection of Anions and Neutral Analytes: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024; 54:93-109. [PMID: 35417281 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2063017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Thioureas and their derivatives are organosulfur compounds having excellent biological and non-biological applications. These compounds contain S- and N-, which are nucleophilic and allow for establishing inter-and intramolecular hydrogen bonding. These characteristics make thiourea moiety a very important chemosensor to detect various environmental pollutants. This article covers a broad range of thioureas and their derivatives that are used for highly sensitive, selective, and simple fluorimetric (turn-off and turn-on), and colorimetric chemosensors for the detection and determination of different types of anions, such as CN-, AcO-, F-, ClO- and citrate ions, etc., and neutral analytes such as ATP, DCP, and Amlodipine, etc., in biological, environmental, and agriculture samples. Further, the sensing performances of thioureas-based chemosensors have been compared and discussed, which could help the readers for the future design of organic fluorescent and colorimetric sensors to detect anions and neutral analytes. We hope this study will support the new thoughts to design highly efficient, selective, and sensitive chemosensors to detect different analytes in biological, environmental, and agricultural samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed M Al-Saidi
- Department of Chemistry, University College in Al-Jamoum, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sikandar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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2
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Zhang D, Gil D, Kim C. A Dual-target Fluorescent Chemosensor for Detecting Indium (III) and Hypochlorite with High Selectivity. J Fluoresc 2024; 34:743-753. [PMID: 37358760 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03326-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
A dual-target fluorescent chemosensor BQC (((E)-N-benzhydryl-2-(quinolin-2-ylmethylene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide) was synthesized for detecting In3+ and ClO-. BQC displayed green and blue fluorescence responses to In3+ and ClO- with low detection limits (0.83 µM for In3+ and 2.50 µM for ClO-), respectively. Importantly, BQC is the first fluorescent chemosensor capable of detecting In3+ and ClO-. The binding ratio between BQC and In3+ was determined to be a 2:1 through Job plot and ESI-MS analysis. BQC could be successfully utilized as a visible test kit to detect In3+. Meanwhile, BQC showed a selective turn-on response to ClO- even in the presence of anions or reactive oxygen species. The sensing mechanisms of BQC for In3+ and ClO- were demonstrated by 1 H NMR titration, ESI-MS and theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhang
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National Univ. of Sci. and Tech. (SNUT), Seoul, 01811, Korea
| | - Dongkyun Gil
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National Univ. of Sci. and Tech. (SNUT), Seoul, 01811, Korea.
| | - Cheal Kim
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National Univ. of Sci. and Tech. (SNUT), Seoul, 01811, Korea.
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Karuk Elmas SN. A coumarin-based fluorescence chemosensor for the determination of Al3+ and ClO− with different fluorescence emission channels. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.120953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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A solvent-dependent dual chemosensor for detecting Zn2+ and Hg2+ based on thiophene and thiourea functional groups by fluorescence turn-on. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Xu H, You X, Lu Y, Liang P, Luo Z, Wang Y, Zeng S, Zeng H. Analysis of Mn2+ and Zn2+ Ions in Macroalgae with Heteroelement-Doped Carbon-Based Fluorescent Probe. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12050359. [PMID: 35624660 PMCID: PMC9138788 DOI: 10.3390/bios12050359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Kelp and laver are large economic macroalgae in China, which are rich in nutrients, especially Mn and Zn. Excessive intake of Mn and Zn can be harmful to the human body. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a convenient and efficient method to detect the contents of Mn and Zn in macroalgae. In this experiment, red carbon dots (R-CDs) doped with N and S elements were prepared by the thermal solvent method. The obtained R-CDs displayed excitation wavelength-independent fluorescent emission in the red spectral region. The R-CDs were used to construct a fluorescent probe for specific recognition of Mn2+ and Zn2+, achieving high-sensitivity detection of Mn2+ and Zn2+. The detection results showed a good linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and Mn2+ concentration, and the calculated detection limit was 0.23 nmol/L. For the detection of Zn2+, the detection limit was estimated as 19.1 nmol/L. At the same time, the content distribution of Mn and Zn elements in macroalgae produced in Fujian was investigated by the constructed fluorescence probe. It was found that kelp, laver, and their products are rich in Mn and Zn elements, and the content of Mn and Zn elements in laver is higher than that in kelp, which can be used as the optimal food supplement for Mn and Zn elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Xin You
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yue Lu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Peng Liang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhihui Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China;
| | - Yiwei Wang
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Shaoxiao Zeng
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian-Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (Y.L.); (P.L.); (Y.W.)
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Daud AI, Khairul WM, Arshad S, Razak IA, González DLN, Erben MF. A Dual Approach on Experimental, Theoretical Insight of Structural Elucidation, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis, Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Acyl Thiourea-Ethynyl Hybrid Derivatives. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2022; 52:345-358. [PMID: 35291441 PMCID: PMC8916082 DOI: 10.1007/s10870-022-00935-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hybrid moieties of ethynylated-thiourea, Th1 and Th2 have been synthesised via the addition reaction between ethynyl derivatives and 4-tert-butylbenzoyl isothiocyanate in acetone, and were characterised by selected spectroscopic methods (i.e., 1H and 13C NMR, UV-visible, FT-IR) and elemental analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that Th1 and Th2 were relatively stable up to ca. 210 °C. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was used to identify the crystal structure of Th2 in which the centre of 1-acyl thiourea moiety (-C(O)NHC(S)NH) exhibits S conformation. The Hirshfeld surface analysis has allowed visualizing the crystal packing, which is characterised by the prolonged intermolecular N-H⋯O = C and N-H⋯S = C hydrogen-bonding interactions within Th2 molecule. Electrochemical data of both compounds correspondingly exhibit irreversible redox potential processes. Besides, frontier molecular orbitals and Natural Bond Orbital population analysis were computed at the B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level of approximation, suggesting strong delocalization of the electronic density through a conjugated π-system involving the ethynyl-phenyl and thiourea groups. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Figure of molecular structure for acyl thiourea-ethynyl derivative. Two derivatives of acyl thiourea-ethynyl were synthesised and characterised by selected spectroscopic methods such as 1H and 13C NMR, UV-visible, FT-IR, elemental, thermal, electrochemical, X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory (DFT) calculation for molecular orbitals and natural bond orbital population analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adibah Izzati Daud
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Wan M. Khairul
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Suhana Arshad
- School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Diana L. Nossa González
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CONICET-CCT La Plata), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv 120 N 1465, La Plata, República Argentina
| | - Mauricio F. Erben
- CEQUINOR (UNLP, CONICET-CCT La Plata), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv 120 N 1465, La Plata, República Argentina
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Alharbi KH. A Review on Organic Colorimetric and Fluorescent Chemosensors for the Detection of Zn(II) Ions. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 53:1472-1488. [PMID: 35108139 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2022.2033611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Organic compounds display several electronic and structural features which enable their application in various fields, ranging from biological to non-biological. These compounds contain heteroatoms like sulfur, nitrogen and, oxygen, which provide coordination sites to act as ligands in the field of coordination chemistry and are used as chemosensors to detect various metal ions. This review article covers different organic compounds including Schiff bases, thiourea, pyridine, rhodamine, triazole, pyrene, coumarin, imidazole, diaminomaleonitrile, naphthoxazole, pyrimidine, thiophene, thioether, and other functional groups based chemosensors that contain heteroatoms like sulfur, nitrogen and, oxygen for fluorimetric and colorimetric detection of Zn(II) ions in different environmental, agricultural, and biological samples. Further, the sensing performances of these chemosensors have been compared and discussed which could help the readers for the future design of organic fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensors for the detection of Zn(II) ions. We hope this study will support the new thoughts to design a simple, efficient, selective, and sensitive chemosensor for the detection of Zn(II) ions in different samples (environmental, agricultural, and biological).
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijah H Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, Rabigh Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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A Practical Hydrazine-Carbothioamide-Based Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Zn2+: Applications to Paper Strip, Zebrafish and Water Samples. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A practical hydrazine-carbothioamide-based fluorescent chemosensor TCC (N-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide) was applied for Zn2+ detection. TCC exhibited selective fluorescence emission for Zn2+ and did not show any interference with other metal ions. In particular, TCC was utilized for the detection of Zn2+ in paper strips, zebrafish and real water samples. TCC could detect Zn2+ down to 0.39 μM in the solution phase and 51.13 μM in zebrafish. The association ratio between TCC and Zn2+ was determined to be 2:1 by ESI-mass and Job plot. The sensing mechanism of TCC for Zn2+ was illustrated to be a chelation-enhanced fluorescence process through spectroscopic experiments and theoretical calculations.
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Choe D, Kim C. An Acylhydrazone-Based Fluorescent Sensor for Sequential Recognition of Al 3+ and H 2PO 4. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6392. [PMID: 34771920 PMCID: PMC8585233 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel acylhydrazone-based fluorescent sensor NATB was designed and synthesized for consecutive sensing of Al3+ and H2PO4-. NATB displayed fluorometric sensing to Al3+ and could sequentially detect H2PO4- by fluorescence quenching. The limits of detection for Al3+ and H2PO4- were determined to be 0.83 and 1.7 μM, respectively. The binding ratios of NATB to Al3+ and NATB-Al3+ to H2PO4- were found to be 1:1. The sequential recognition of Al3+ and H2PO4- by NATB could be repeated consecutively. In addition, the practicality of NATB was confirmed with the application of test strips. The sensing mechanisms of Al3+ and H2PO4- by NATB were investigated through fluorescence and UV-Visible spectroscopy, Job plot, ESI-MS, 1H NMR titration, and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cheal Kim
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology (SNUT), Seoul 136-742, Korea;
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Benzothiazole-based colorimetric chemosensors bearing naphthol aldehyde unit: Synthesis, characterization, selective detection of hypochlorite and its application as test strips. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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A rhodanine-based fluorescent chemosensor for sensing Zn2+ and Cd2+: Applications to water sample and cell imaging. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Lee SC, Park S, So H, Lee G, Kim KT, Kim C. An Acridine-Based Fluorescent Sensor for Monitoring ClO - in Water Samples and Zebrafish. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E4764. [PMID: 32842534 PMCID: PMC7506904 DOI: 10.3390/s20174764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A novel acridine-based fluorescent chemosensor, BK ((E)-2-((acridine-9-ylimino)methyl)-N-benzhydrylhydrazine-1-carbothioamide), for monitoring ClO- was prepared. The sensor BK was synthesized by introducing a new synthetic route of making aldehyde group using formic hydrazide. Probe BK displayed notable fluorescence quenching in the presence of ClO- and showed a great selectivity over other guest analytes. The detection limit was calculated to be 7.65 μM. Additionally, BK was satisfactorily applied for sensing ClO- in water samples and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Chan Lee
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-741, Korea; (S.C.L.); (S.P.); (H.S.)
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-741, Korea; (S.C.L.); (S.P.); (H.S.)
| | - Haeri So
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-741, Korea; (S.C.L.); (S.P.); (H.S.)
| | - Gyudong Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-741, Korea;
| | - Ki-Tae Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-741, Korea;
| | - Cheal Kim
- Department of Fine Chemistry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-741, Korea; (S.C.L.); (S.P.); (H.S.)
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