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Chatterjee RP, Chatterjee A, Ansari S, Chatterjee S, Chatterjee S, Chakraborty N. Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of chikungunya virus among dengue-negative patients in Kolkata, India. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301644. [PMID: 38573991 PMCID: PMC10994276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Dengue and chikungunya are co-circulating vector-borne diseases that share a significant number of clinical symptoms. To identify variables to aid physicians in making rapid and effective diagnostic decisions, we performed molecular diagnosis of the chikungunya virus and examined the clinical manifestations of chikungunya cases to identify the prevalence among dengue-negative individuals in Kolkata. Dengue suspected patients' samples were collected during January 2020-December 2021 and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) methods have been performed to confirm the prevalence of chikungunya infection among dengue-negative patients. By performing phylogenetic analysis, comparing clinical classifications, identifying disease aetiology using clinical and laboratory factors, and evaluating the time course of several clinical variables, we have evaluated the clinical manifestations linked to dengue and chikungunya virus infections. Chikungunya infection was found in 15.1% and 6.3% of the 635 dengue-negative patients, as determined by ELISA and RT-PCR, respectively. Arthritis and myalgia were more common in chikungunya-infected patients at the time of hospital admission while conjunctivitis, photosensitivity, arthralgia, Anorexia, fatigue, retro-orbital pain, vomiting, dermatitis, or swollen glands were significantly presented as an overlapping symptom. Although dengue and chikungunya infections have significant clinical overlap, basic clinical and laboratory criteria can predict these diseases at presentation for proper management. Effective management enables doctors to treat and care for patients properly and contributes to the development of control measures for these infections in a medical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aroni Chatterjee
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Sabbir Ansari
- ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Shilpa Chatterjee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University College of Medicine, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Alguridi HI, Alzahrani F, Altayb HN, Almalki S, Zaki E, Algarni S, Assiri A, Memish ZA. The First Genomic Characterization of the Chikungunya Virus in Saudi Arabia. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2023; 13:191-199. [PMID: 37029884 PMCID: PMC10272072 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-023-00098-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chikungunya is an arboviral infection caused by the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) transmitted to humans by mosquitoes of Aedes spp. CHIKV has been confined to African countries and South-East Asia up to 2004, but since then, the pathogen has become more global, and its high morbidity rate has become more visible. Saudi Arabia is not an endemic region of CHIKV, and the virus's origin is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to characterize the genome of CHIKV from samples detected in Jeddah in 2018. METHOD Twenty-two sets of primers were designed to amplify near-full length genome of CHIKV. RT-PCR was conducted from clinical samples. Two samples were used for studying near complete genome sequence while the remaining samples were used to study the E1 gene. Different bioinformatics tools were utilized. RESULTS Phylogenetic analysis showed that the CHIKV strains clustered with strains isolated from Kenya during 2017-2018 and belonged to ECSA genotype. E1: L136F, K211E and I317V mutations were identified in our strains. Also, E2: M74I, A76T, and V264A mutations were documented. Additionally, the capsid N79S substitution was also detected. CONCLUSION The genome of CHIKV was analyzed for the first time in Saudi Arabia to better understand the origin of the CHIKV and its genetic diversity, which showed high similarity with IE-a subclade of CHIKV strains detected in Mombasa (Kenya) indicating its possible origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan I. Alguridi
- Molecular Biology Department, Jeddah Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box: 17040, Jeddah, 21484 Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alzahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, Embryonic Stem Cells Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham N. Altayb
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safar Almalki
- Molecular Biology Department, Jeddah Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box: 17040, Jeddah, 21484 Saudi Arabia
- Laboratories and Blood Banks Administration, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eitezaz Zaki
- Molecular Biology Department, Jeddah Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box: 17040, Jeddah, 21484 Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdullah Assiri
- Deputy Ministry for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziad A. Memish
- Research and Innovation Center, King Saud Medical City, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
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Rodríguez-Aguilar ED, Martínez-Barnetche J, González-Bonilla CR, Tellez-Sosa JM, Argotte-Ramos R, Rodríguez MH. Genetic Diversity and Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Chikungunya Infections in Mexico during the Outbreak of 2014-2016. Viruses 2021; 14:v14010070. [PMID: 35062275 PMCID: PMC8779743 DOI: 10.3390/v14010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, which causes Chikungunya fever. Three CHIKV genotypes have been identified: West African, East-Central-South African and Asian. In 2014, CHIKV was detected for the first time in Mexico, accumulating 13,569 confirmed cases in the following three years. Studies on the molecular diversification of CHIKV in Mexico focused on limited geographic regions or investigated only one structural gene of the virus. To describe the dynamics of this outbreak, we analyzed 309 serum samples from CHIKV acute clinical cases from 15 Mexican states. Partial NSP3, E1, and E2 genes were sequenced, mutations were identified, and their genetic variability was estimated. The evolutionary relationship with CHIKV sequences sampled globally were analyzed. Our sequences grouped with the Asian genotype within the Caribbean lineage, suggesting that the Asian was the only circulating genotype during the outbreak. Three non-synonymous mutations (E2 S248F and NSP3 A437T and L451F) were present in our sequences, which were also identified in sequences of the Caribbean lineage and in one Philippine sequence. Based on the phylogeographic analysis, the viral spread was reconstructed, suggesting that after the introduction through the Mexican southern border (Chiapas), CHIKV dispersed to neighboring states before reaching the center and north of the country through the Pacific Ocean states and Quintana Roo. This is the first viral phylogeographic reconstruction in Mexico characterizing the CHIKV outbreak across the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo D. Rodríguez-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (E.D.R.-A.); (J.M.-B.); (J.M.T.-S.); (R.A.-R.)
| | - Jesús Martínez-Barnetche
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (E.D.R.-A.); (J.M.-B.); (J.M.T.-S.); (R.A.-R.)
| | | | - Juan M. Tellez-Sosa
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (E.D.R.-A.); (J.M.-B.); (J.M.T.-S.); (R.A.-R.)
| | - Rocío Argotte-Ramos
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (E.D.R.-A.); (J.M.-B.); (J.M.T.-S.); (R.A.-R.)
| | - Mario H. Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Cuernavaca 62100, Mexico; (E.D.R.-A.); (J.M.-B.); (J.M.T.-S.); (R.A.-R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-1-777-3293087 (ext. 1109)
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Abstract
Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) is an arbovirus disease caused by chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus of Togaviridae family. Transmission follows a human-mosquito-human cycle starting with a mosquito bite. Subsequently, symptoms develop after 2-6 days of incubation, including high fever and severe arthralgia. The disease is self-limiting and usually resolve within 2 weeks. However, chronic disease can last up to several years with persistent polyarthralgia. Overlapping symptoms and common vector with dengue and malaria present many challenges for diagnosis and treatment of this disease. CHIKF was reported in India in 1963 for the first time. After a period of quiescence lasting up to 32 years, CHIKV re-emerged in India in 2005. Currently, every part of the country has become endemic for the disease with outbreaks resulting in huge economic and productivity losses. Several mutations have been identified in circulating strains of the virus resulting in better adaptations or increased fitness in the vector(s), effective transmission, and disease severity. CHIKV evolution has been a significant driver of epidemics in India, hence, the need to focus on proper surveillance, and implementation of prevention and control measure in the country. Presently, there are no licensed vaccines or antivirals available; however, India has initiated several efforts in this direction including traditional medicines. In this review, we present the current status of CHIKF in India.
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Gautam AS, Pathak N, Ahamad T, Semwal P, Bourai AA, Rana AS, Nautiyal OP. Pandemic in India: Special reference to Covid-19 and its technological aspect. JOURNAL OF STATISTICS & MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09720510.2021.1879469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alok Sagar Gautam
- Department of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar, Garhwal 246174, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nishit Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Chinese Central Medicines, South West University Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Taufiq Ahamad
- Department of Physics, Shri Guru Ram Rai Post Graduate College, Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Poonam Semwal
- Department of Physics, Government Post Graduation College New Tehri, Tehri Garhwal 249001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - A. A. Bourai
- Department of Physics, H. N. B. Garhwal University, Badshahithaul Campus, Tehri Garhwal 249199, Uttarakhand, India
| | - A. S. Rana
- Department of Physics, Shri Guru Ram Rai Post Graduate College, Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand, India
| | - O. P. Nautiyal
- Uttarakhand Science Education and Research Centre, Dehradun 248001, Uttarakhand, India
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Mungmunpuntipantip R, Wiwanitkit V. Molecular characterization of Chikungunya virus and forecasting of future outbreak. Med J Armed Forces India 2020; 76:238-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Harsha PK, Reddy V, Rao D, Pattabiraman C, Mani RS. Continual circulation of ECSA genotype and identification of a novel mutation I317V in the E1 gene of Chikungunya viral strains in southern India during 2015-2016. J Med Virol 2020; 92:1007-1012. [PMID: 31900943 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chikungunya, a mosquito-borne disease caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), continues to be a significant public health problem in India. In 2016, 56 000 cases were reported from India, the largest number since the reemergence of CHIKV in this region in 2006. In the present study, using molecular and phylogenetic methods, the circulating strains from southern India during 2015-2016 were characterized in the context of circulating Asian strains. Partial envelope gene (E1) sequencing was performed on 20 serum samples positive for CHIKV by a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all the sequences in this study belonged to the East Central South African (ECSA) genotype and clustered together with other strains from India. Bayesian phylogenetic analysis revealed that the sequences from the study grouped into two different subclades. The estimate of divergence times suggests that subclades of the ECSA genotype, share a common ancestor approximately 4 to 12 years ago. Six nonsynonymous mutations-K211E, M269V, D284E, V322A, I317V and V220I were noted in E1. In conclusion, this study revealed the cocirculation of distinct subclades within the ECSA genotype of CHIKV in South India during 2015-2016. The I317V mutation in E1 has only been described in recent CHIKV strains from north-central India and Bangladesh. This study highlights the need for continued molecular surveillance to identify the emergence of novel strains and unique mutations in CHIKV with epidemic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulleri Kandi Harsha
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Vijayalakshmi Reddy
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Deepashri Rao
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Chitra Pattabiraman
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Reeta S Mani
- Department of Neurovirology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
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Cariappa M. Climate change vis-a-vis climate and change: the military public health paradigm. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:237-239. [PMID: 31388223 PMCID: PMC6676462 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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