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Pera EM, Nilsson-De Moura J, Pomeshchik Y, Roybon L, Milas I. Inhibition of the serine protease HtrA1 by SerpinE2 suggests an extracellular proteolytic pathway in the control of neural crest migration. eLife 2024; 12:RP91864. [PMID: 38634469 PMCID: PMC11026092 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that SerpinE2 and the serine protease HtrA1 modulate fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling in germ layer specification and head-to-tail development of Xenopus embryos. Here, we present an extracellular proteolytic mechanism involving this serpin-protease system in the developing neural crest (NC). Knockdown of SerpinE2 by injected antisense morpholino oligonucleotides did not affect the specification of NC progenitors but instead inhibited the migration of NC cells, causing defects in dorsal fin, melanocyte, and craniofacial cartilage formation. Similarly, overexpression of the HtrA1 protease impaired NC cell migration and the formation of NC-derived structures. The phenotype of SerpinE2 knockdown was overcome by concomitant downregulation of HtrA1, indicating that SerpinE2 stimulates NC migration by inhibiting endogenous HtrA1 activity. SerpinE2 binds to HtrA1, and the HtrA1 protease triggers degradation of the cell surface proteoglycan Syndecan-4 (Sdc4). Microinjection of Sdc4 mRNA partially rescued NC migration defects induced by both HtrA1 upregulation and SerpinE2 downregulation. These epistatic experiments suggest a proteolytic pathway by a double inhibition mechanism. SerpinE2 ┤HtrA1 protease ┤Syndecan-4 → NC cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar M Pera
- Vertebrate Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, University of LundLundSweden
| | - Josefine Nilsson-De Moura
- Vertebrate Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, University of LundLundSweden
| | - Yuriy Pomeshchik
- iPSC Laboratory for CNS Disease Modeling, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund Stem Cell Center, Strategic Research Area MultiPark, Lund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Laurent Roybon
- iPSC Laboratory for CNS Disease Modeling, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund Stem Cell Center, Strategic Research Area MultiPark, Lund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Ivana Milas
- Vertebrate Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund Stem Cell Center, University of LundLundSweden
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Warin J, Vedrenne N, Tam V, Zhu M, Yin D, Lin X, Guidoux-D’halluin B, Humeau A, Roseiro L, Paillat L, Chédeville C, Chariau C, Riemers F, Templin M, Guicheux J, Tryfonidou MA, Ho JW, David L, Chan D, Camus A. In vitro and in vivo models define a molecular signature reference for human embryonic notochordal cells. iScience 2024; 27:109018. [PMID: 38357665 PMCID: PMC10865399 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the emergence of human notochordal cells (NC) is essential for the development of regenerative approaches. We present a comprehensive investigation into the specification and generation of bona fide NC using a straightforward pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-based system benchmarked with human fetal notochord. By integrating in vitro and in vivo transcriptomic data at single-cell resolution, we establish an extended molecular signature and overcome the limitations associated with studying human notochordal lineage at early developmental stages. We show that TGF-β inhibition enhances the yield and homogeneity of notochordal lineage commitment in vitro. Furthermore, this study characterizes regulators of cell-fate decision and matrisome enriched in the notochordal niche. Importantly, we identify specific cell-surface markers opening avenues for differentiation refinement, NC purification, and functional studies. Altogether, this study provides a human notochord transcriptomic reference that will serve as a resource for notochord identification in human systems, diseased-tissues modeling, and facilitating future biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Warin
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Vedrenne
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France
- Inserm, Univ. Limoges, Pharmacology & Transplantation, U1248, CHU Limoges, Service de Pharmacologie, toxicologie et pharmacovigilance, FHU SUPORT, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Vivian Tam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mengxia Zhu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Danqing Yin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited (D24H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xinyi Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited (D24H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bluwen Guidoux-D’halluin
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Humeau
- Inserm, Univ. Limoges, Pharmacology & Transplantation, U1248, CHU Limoges, Service de Pharmacologie, toxicologie et pharmacovigilance, FHU SUPORT, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Luce Roseiro
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Lily Paillat
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Claire Chédeville
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Caroline Chariau
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, BioCore, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Frank Riemers
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Templin
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, Markwiesenstraße 55, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Jérôme Guicheux
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Marianna A. Tryfonidou
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joshua W.K. Ho
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited (D24H), Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Laurent David
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, BioCore, 44000 Nantes, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CR2TI, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Danny Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anne Camus
- Nantes Université, Oniris, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, 44000 Nantes, France
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Acosta H, Iliev D, Grahn THM, Gouignard N, Maccarana M, Griesbach J, Herzmann S, Sagha M, Climent M, Pera EM. The serpin PN1 is a feedback regulator of FGF signaling in germ layer and primary axis formation. Development 2015; 142:1146-58. [PMID: 25758225 DOI: 10.1242/dev.113886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Germ layer formation and primary axis development rely on Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). In Xenopus, the secreted serine protease HtrA1 induces mesoderm and posterior trunk/tail structures by facilitating the spread of FGF signals. Here, we show that the serpin Protease nexin-1 (PN1) is transcriptionally activated by FGF signals, suppresses mesoderm and promotes head development in mRNA-injected embryos. An antisense morpholino oligonucleotide against PN1 has the opposite effect and inhibits ectodermal fate. However, ectoderm and anterior head structures can be restored in PN1-depleted embryos when HtrA1 and FGF receptor activities are diminished, indicating that FGF signals negatively regulate their formation. We show that PN1 binds to and inhibits HtrA1, prevents degradation of the proteoglycan Syndecan 4 and restricts paracrine FGF/Erk signaling. Our data suggest that PN1 is a negative-feedback regulator of FGF signaling and has important roles in ectoderm and head development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Acosta
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Dobromir Iliev
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | | | | | - Marco Maccarana
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | | | | | - Mohsen Sagha
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden Department of Anatomical Sciences and Pathology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil 56189-53141, Iran
| | - Maria Climent
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Edgar M Pera
- Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden
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In vitro and in vivo antiangiogenic properties of the serpin protease nexin-1. Mol Cell Biol 2012; 32:1496-505. [PMID: 22331468 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.06554-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The serpin protease nexin-1 (PN-1) is expressed by vascular cells and secreted by platelets upon activation, and it is known to interact with several modulators of angiogenesis, such as proteases, matrix proteins, and glycosaminoglycans. We therefore investigated the impact of PN-1 on endothelial cell angiogenic responses in vitro and ex vivo and in vivo in PN-1-deficient mice. We found that PN-1 is antiangiogenic in vitro: it inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced endothelial cell responses, including proliferation, migration, and capillary tube formation, and decreased cell spreading on vitronectin. These effects do not require the antiprotease activity of PN-1 but involve PN-1 binding to glycosaminoglycans. In addition, our results indicated that PN-1 does not act by blocking VEGF binding to its heparan sulfate proteoglycan coreceptors. The results obtained in vitro were supported ex vivo in PN-1-deficient mice, where the microvascular network sprouting from aortic rings was significantly enhanced. Moreover, in vivo, neovessel formation was promoted in the Matrigel plug assay in PN-1-deficient mice compared to wild-type mice, and these effects were reversed by the addition of recombinant PN-1. Taken together, our results demonstrate that PN-1 has direct antiangiogenic properties and is a yet-unrecognized player in the angiogenic balance.
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Umasuthan N, Whang I, Kim JO, Oh MJ, Jung SJ, Choi CY, Yeo SY, Lee JH, Noh JK, Lee J. Rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) serpin, protease nexin-1: transcriptional analysis and characterization of its antiprotease and anticoagulant activities. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 35:785-798. [PMID: 21419793 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Protease nexin-1 (PN-1) is a serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) protein with functional roles in growth, development, patho-physiology and injury. Here, we report our work to clone, analyze the expression profile and characterize the properties of the PN-1 gene in rock bream (Rb), Oplegnathus fasciatus. RbPN-1 encodes a peptide of 397 amino acids (AA) with a predicted molecular mass of 44 kDa and a 23 AA signal peptide. RbPN-1 protein was found to harbor a characteristic SERPIN domain comprised of a SERPIN signature and having sequence homology to vertebrate PN-1s. The greatest identity (85%) was observed with PN-1 from the three-spined stickleback fish, Gasterosteus aculeatus. The functional domains, including a heparin binding site and reactive centre loop were conserved between RbPN-1 and other fish PN-1s; in particular, they were found to correspond to components of the human plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, PAI-1. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that RbPN-1 was closer to homologues of green spotted pufferfish and Japanese pufferfish. Recombinant RbPN-1 demonstrated antiprotease activity against trypsin (48%) and thrombin (89%) in a dose-dependent manner, and its antithrombotic activity was potentiated by heparin. The anticoagulant function prolonged clotting time by 3.7-fold, as compared to the control in an activated partial thromboplastin time assay. Quantitative real-time PCR results indicated that RbPN-1 is transcribed in many endogenous tissues at different levels. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated a prolonged transcriptional response in hematic cells, and Rb iridovirus up-regulated the RbPN-1 mRNA level in hematic cells to a maximum of 3.4-fold at 12 h post-infection. Interestingly, LPS and Edwardsiella tarda significantly induced the RbPN-1 transcription at the late phase of infection. In vivo studies indicated that injury response caused a temporal suppression in RbPN-1 transcription, in conjunction with that of another SERPIN, rock bream heparin cofactor II, RbHCII. Taken together, our findings suggest that PN-1 functions as an antiprotease and anticoagulant and that SERPINs (PN-1 and HCII) are likely to contribute to immunity and post-injury responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navaneethaiyer Umasuthan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
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Arcone R, Chinali A, Pozzi N, Parafati M, Maset F, Pietropaolo C, De Filippis V. Conformational and biochemical characterization of a biologically active rat recombinant Protease Nexin-1 expressed in E. coli. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2008; 1794:602-14. [PMID: 19167525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2008.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2008] [Revised: 11/15/2008] [Accepted: 12/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Protease Nexin-1, a 43-kDa glycoprotein, is a major physiological thrombin inhibitor involved in the modulation of nerve cell plasticity. Recombinant rat Protease Nexin-1 (rPN-1) was efficiently produced in Escherichia coli using a T7 RNA polymerase based expression system and purified by heparin-sepharose affinity chromatography yielding 3 mg of protein per liter of cell culture. The purity and chemical identity of rPN-1 were assessed by SDS-PAGE, Reverse Phase- High Performance Liquid Chromatography, mass spectrometry and two-dimensional-gel electrophoresis. Conformational analysis by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy revealed the presence of mixed alpha/beta secondary structure and the prevailing localization of Trp-residues in rather polar environments. Fluorescence titration of rPN-1 with heparin indicated that rPN-1 binds heparin with high affinity. Furthermore, the formation of a SDS-stable 1:1 thrombin-rPN-1 complex, monitored by SDS-PAGE, confirmed the native-like structure of rPN-1. Finally, the cellular effects of rPN-1, such as its ability to promote neurite outgrowth in neuroblastoma cells, were found to be very similar to those elicited by natural PN-1. Altogether, our results demonstrate that glycosylation does not alter neither structure nor function of PN-1 and that E. coli is a suitable expression system for obtaining milligram quantities of pure and fully active rPN-1 for structural and functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Arcone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacobiologiche, Università di Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Edificio delle Bioscienze, Campus Universitario "Salvatore Venuta", Viale Europa, Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy.
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