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Srivastava R, Coulon PGA, Prakash S, Dhanushkodi NR, Roy S, Nguyen AM, Alomari NI, Mai UT, Amezquita C, Ye C, Maillère B, BenMohamed L. Human Epitopes Identified from Herpes Simplex Virus Tegument Protein VP11/12 (UL46) Recall Multifunctional Effector Memory CD4 + T EM Cells in Asymptomatic Individuals and Protect from Ocular Herpes Infection and Disease in "Humanized" HLA-DR Transgenic Mice. J Virol 2020; 94:e01991-19. [PMID: 31915285 PMCID: PMC7081904 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01991-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
While the role of CD8+ T cells in the control of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection and disease is gaining wider acceptance, a direct involvement of effector CD4+ T cells in this protection and the phenotype and function of HSV-specific human CD4+ T cell epitopes remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, we report that several epitopes from the HSV-1 virion tegument protein (VP11/12) encoded by UL46 are targeted by CD4+ T cells from HSV-seropositive asymptomatic individuals (who, despite being infected, never develop any recurrent herpetic disease). Among these, we identified two immunodominant effector memory CD4+ TEM cell epitopes, amino acids (aa) 129 to 143 of VP11/12 (VP11/12129-143) and VP11/12483-497, using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches based on the following: (i) a combination of the TEPITOPE algorithm and PepScan library scanning of the entire 718 aa of HSV-1 VP11/12 sequence; (ii) an in silico peptide-protein docking analysis and in vitro binding assay that identify epitopes with high affinity to soluble HLA-DRB1 molecules; and (iii) an ELISpot assay and intracellular detection of gamma interferon (IFN-γ), CD107a/b degranulation, and CD4+ T cell carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) proliferation assays. We demonstrated that native VP11/12129-143 and VP11/12483-497 epitopes presented by HSV-1-infected HLA-DR-positive target cells were recognized mainly by effector memory CD4+ TEM cells while being less targeted by FOXP3+ CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells. Furthermore, immunization of HLA-DR transgenic mice with a mixture of the two immunodominant human VP11/12 CD4+ TEM cell epitopes, but not with cryptic epitopes, induced HSV-specific polyfunctional IFN-γ-producing CD107ab+ CD4+ T cells associated with protective immunity against ocular herpes infection and disease.IMPORTANCE We report that naturally protected HSV-1-seropositive asymptomatic individuals develop a higher frequency of antiviral effector memory CD4+ TEM cells specific to two immunodominant epitopes derived from the HSV-1 tegument protein VP11/12. Immunization of HLA-DR transgenic mice with a mixture of these two immunodominant CD4+ T cell epitopes induced a robust antiviral CD4+ T cell response in the cornea that was associated with protective immunity against ocular herpes. The emerging concept of developing an asymptomatic herpes vaccine that would boost effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ TEM cell responses is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Srivastava
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Pierre-Gregoire A Coulon
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Swayam Prakash
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Nisha R Dhanushkodi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Soumyabrata Roy
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Angela M Nguyen
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Nuha I Alomari
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Uyen T Mai
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Cassendra Amezquita
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Caitlin Ye
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Bernard Maillère
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lbachir BenMohamed
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
- Institute for Immunology, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, California, USA
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Poltavchenko AG, Ersh AV, Taranov OS, Yakubitskiy SN, Filatov PV. [Rapid immunochemical method for the detection of orthopoxviruses (Orthopoxvirus, Chordopoxvirinae, Poxviridae).]. Vopr Virusol 2019; 64:291-297. [PMID: 32168443 DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-2019-64-6-291-297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The abolition of smallpox vaccination has led to the disappearance of population immunity to pox viruses. However, the threat of infection by pathogenic orthopoxviruses persists and determines the need to develop sensitive and operational methods for indicating pathogens. OBJECTIVES Development of a sensitive, fast and easy-to-use immunochemical test for the detection of orthopoxviruses in the «point of care» format. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used preparations of cultural vaccinia virus (VV) with varying degrees of purification, polyclonal antibodies from hyperimmune rabbit serum, and equipment from a previously developed autonomous kit for dot-immunoassay on flat protein arrays. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION It has been established that rabbit polyclonal antibodies can be used in a single-stage dotanalysis, both as a capture agent immobilized on a substrate and as a detection reagent bound with colloidal gold particles. It is shown that the effectiveness of the detection of VV is inversely related to the degree of purification of viruses from sub-viral structures. The sensitivity of the rapid detection of viruses in a crude preparation was about 30 times higher than in pure viral material. The increase in sensitivity, presumably, occurs due to binding to the capture antibodies of subviral structures, which form large aggregates of sensitized gold particles. The test does not detect cross-reactions with heterogeneous viruses (measles, rubella and chickenpox) that cause exantematous diseases. CONCLUSION The one-stage variant of the dot-immunoassay reduces the analysis time to 40 minutes and improves the detection sensitivity of orthopoxviruses in crude viral preparations to the range of 105-104 PFU / ml. Full makeup, ease of analysis and the ability to visually accounting for results allow the test to be used outside of laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Poltavchenko
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology «Vector», Kol'tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russia
| | - A V Ersh
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology «Vector», Kol'tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russia
| | - O S Taranov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology «Vector», Kol'tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russia
| | - S N Yakubitskiy
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology «Vector», Kol'tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russia
| | - P V Filatov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology «Vector», Kol'tsovo, Novosibirsk Region, 630559, Russia
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Scornet N, Delarue-Cochin S, Azoury ME, Le Mignon M, Chemelle JA, Nony E, Maillère B, Terreux R, Pallardy M, Joseph D. Bioinspired Design and Oriented Synthesis of Immunogenic Site-Specifically Penicilloylated Peptides. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:2629-2645. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Scornet
- BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, F-92296, France
| | - Sandrine Delarue-Cochin
- BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, F-92296, France
| | - Marie Eliane Azoury
- INSERM
UMR 996, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, F-92296, France
| | - Maxime Le Mignon
- Stallergenes Greer, 6 rue Alexis de
Tocqueville, Antony, 92160, France
| | - Julie-Anne Chemelle
- PRABI-LG, UMR CNRS 5305 (LBTI), Lyon, 69367, France
- UFR Pharmacie, Lyon, 69367, France
| | - Emmanuel Nony
- Stallergenes Greer, 6 rue Alexis de
Tocqueville, Antony, 92160, France
| | - Bernard Maillère
- CEA,
Institut de Biologie et de Technologies, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Raphaël Terreux
- PRABI-LG, UMR CNRS 5305 (LBTI), Lyon, 69367, France
- UFR Pharmacie, Lyon, 69367, France
| | - Marc Pallardy
- INSERM
UMR 996, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, F-92296, France
| | - Delphine Joseph
- BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, F-92296, France
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