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Radziejewska I. Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens of MUC1 - Implication in cancer development. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116619. [PMID: 38643541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation of cancerous epithelial MUC1 protein is specifically altered in comparison to that which is presented by healthy cells. One of such changes is appearing tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) which are rare in normal tissues and are highly correlated with poor clinical outcomes and cancer progression. This review summarizes and describes the role of Tn, T antigens, their sialylated forms as well as fucosylated Lewis epitopes in different aspects of tumor development, progression, and metastasis. Finally, applications of MUC1 glycan epitopes as potential targets for therapeutic strategy of cancers are notified. One of the novelties of this review is presentation of TACAs as inherently connected with MUC1 mucin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Radziejewska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2, Białystok 15-222, Poland.
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2
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Filipsky F, Läubli H. Regulation of sialic acid metabolism in cancer. Carbohydr Res 2024; 539:109123. [PMID: 38669826 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Sialic acid, the terminal structure of cell surface glycans, has essential functions in regulating immune response, cell-to-cell communication, and cell adhesion. More importantly, an increased level of sialic acid, termed hypersialylation, has emerged as a commonly observed phenotype in cancer. Therefore, targeting sialic acid ligands (sialoglycans) and their receptors (Siglecs) may provide a new therapeutic approach for cancer immunotherapy. We highlight the complexity of the sialic acid metabolism and its involvement in malignant transformation within individual cancer subtypes. In this review, we focus on the dysregulation of sialylation, the intricate nature of sialic acid synthesis, and clinical perspective. We aim to provide a brief insight into the mechanism of hypersialylation and how our understanding of these processes can be leveraged for the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Filipsky
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Läubli
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Division of Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland.
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3
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Tang L, Xu H, Wu T, Wu W, Lu Y, Gu J, Wang X, Zhou M, Chen Q, Sun X, Cai H. Advances in tumor microenvironment and underlying molecular mechanisms of bladder cancer: a systematic review. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:111. [PMID: 38602556 PMCID: PMC11009183 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most frequent malignant tumors of the urinary system. The prevalence of bladder cancer among men and women is roughly 5:2, and both its incidence and death have been rising steadily over the past few years. At the moment, metastasis and recurrence of advanced bladder cancer-which are believed to be connected to the malfunction of multigene and multilevel cell signaling network-remain the leading causes of bladder cancer-related death. The therapeutic treatment of bladder cancer will be greatly aided by the elucidation of these mechanisms. New concepts for the treatment of bladder cancer have been made possible by the advancement of research technologies and a number of new treatment options, including immunotherapy and targeted therapy. In this paper, we will extensively review the development of the tumor microenvironment and the possible molecular mechanisms of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Tang
- Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haifei Xu
- Department of Urology, Nantong Tumor Hospital and Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhao Wu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhao Lu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jijia Gu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Urology, Nantong Tumor Hospital and Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qiuyang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xuan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hongzhou Cai
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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4
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Al-Alem L, Prendergast JM, Clark J, Zarrella B, Zarrella DT, Hill SJ, Growdon WB, Pooladanda V, Spriggs DR, Cramer D, Elias KM, Nazer RI, Skates SJ, Behrens J, Dransfield DT, Rueda BR. Sialyl-Tn serves as a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:71. [PMID: 38566237 PMCID: PMC10985924 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer remains the deadliest of the gynecologic cancers in the United States. There have been limited advances in treatment strategies that have seen marked increases in overall survival. Thus, it is essential to continue developing and validating new treatment strategies and markers to identify patients who would benefit from the new strategy. In this report, we sought to further validate applications for a novel humanized anti-Sialyl Tn antibody-drug conjugate (anti-STn-ADC) in ovarian cancer. METHODS We aimed to further test a humanized anti-STn-ADC in sialyl-Tn (STn) positive and negative ovarian cancer cell line, patient-derived organoid (PDO), and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Furthermore, we sought to determine whether serum STn levels would reflect STn positivity in the tumor samples enabling us to identify patients that an anti-STn-ADC strategy would best serve. We developed a custom ELISA with high specificity and sensitivity, that was used to assess whether circulating STn levels would correlate with stage, progression-free survival, overall survival, and its value in augmenting CA-125 as a diagnostic. Lastly, we assessed whether the serum levels reflected what was observed via immunohistochemical analysis in a subset of tumor samples. RESULTS Our in vitro experiments further define the specificity of the anti-STn-ADC. The ovarian cancer PDO, and PDX models provide additional support for an anti-STn-ADC-based strategy for targeting ovarian cancer. The custom serum ELISA was informative in potential triaging of patients with elevated levels of STn. However, it was not sensitive enough to add value to existing CA-125 levels for a diagnostic. While the ELISA identified non-serous ovarian tumors with low CA-125 levels, the sample numbers were too small to provide any confidence the STn ELISA would meaningfully add to CA-125 for diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Our preclinical data support the concept that an anti-STn-ADC may be a viable option for treating patients with elevated STn levels. Moreover, our STn-based ELISA could complement IHC in identifying patients with whom an anti-STn-based strategy might be more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linah Al-Alem
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Justin Clark
- Siamab Therapeutics, Inc, Newton, MA, 02458, USA
| | - Bianca Zarrella
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Dominique T Zarrella
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Sarah J Hill
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Whitfield B Growdon
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Venkatesh Pooladanda
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David R Spriggs
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Daniel Cramer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kevin M Elias
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | - Steven J Skates
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jeff Behrens
- Siamab Therapeutics, Inc, Newton, MA, 02458, USA
| | | | - Bo R Rueda
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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5
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Resnik N, Višnjar T, Smrkolj T, Kreft ME, Romih R, Zupančič D. Selective targeting of lectins and their macropinocytosis in urothelial tumours: translation from in vitro to ex vivo. Histochem Cell Biol 2023; 160:435-452. [PMID: 37535087 PMCID: PMC10624759 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-023-02224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Urinary bladder cancer can be treated by intravesical application of therapeutic agents, but the specific targeting of cancer urothelial cells and the endocytotic pathways of the agents are not known. During carcinogenesis, the superficial urothelial cells exhibit changes in sugar residues on the apical plasma membranes. This can be exploited for selective targeting from the luminal side of the bladder. Here we show that the plant lectins Jacalin (from Artocarpus integrifolia), ACA (from Amaranthus caudatus) and DSA (from Datura stramonium) selectively bind to the apical plasma membrane of low- (RT4) and high-grade (T24) cancer urothelial cells in vitro and urothelial tumours ex vivo. The amount of lectin binding was significantly different between RT4 and T24 cells. Endocytosis of lectins was observed only in cancer urothelial cells and not in normal urothelial cells. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed macropinosomes, endosome-like vesicles and multivesicular bodies filled with lectins in RT4 and T24 cells and also in cells of urothelial tumours ex vivo. Endocytosis of Jacalin and ACA in cancer cells was decreased in vitro after addition of inhibitor of macropinocytosis 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl) amiloride (EIPA) and increased after stimulation of macropinocytosis with epidermal growth factor (EGF). Clathrin, caveolin and flotillin did not colocalise with lectins. These results confirm that the predominant mechanism of lectin endocytosis in cancer urothelial cells is macropinocytosis. Therefore, we propose that lectins in combination with conjugated therapeutic agents are promising tools for improved intravesical therapy by targeting cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Resnik
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tanja Višnjar
- Clinical Institute of Genomic Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Smrkolj
- Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Erdani Kreft
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rok Romih
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Daša Zupančič
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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6
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Lodewijk I, Dueñas M, Paramio JM, Rubio C. CD44v6, STn & O-GD2: promising tumor associated antigens paving the way for new targeted cancer therapies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1272681. [PMID: 37854601 PMCID: PMC10579806 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1272681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies are the state of the art in oncology today, and every year new Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) are developed for preclinical research and clinical trials, but few of them really change the therapeutic scenario. Difficulties, either to find antigens that are solely expressed in tumors or the generation of good binders to these antigens, represent a major bottleneck. Specialized cellular mechanisms, such as differential splicing and glycosylation processes, are a good source of neo-antigen expression. Changes in these processes generate surface proteins that, instead of showing decreased or increased antigen expression driven by enhanced mRNA processing, are aberrant in nature and therefore more specific targets to elicit a precise anti-tumor therapy. Here, we present promising TAAs demonstrated to be potential targets for cancer monitoring, targeted therapy and the generation of new immunotherapy tools, such as recombinant antibodies and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell (CAR-T) or Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Engineered Natural Killer (CAR-NK) for specific tumor killing, in a wide variety of tumor types. Specifically, this review is a detailed update on TAAs CD44v6, STn and O-GD2, describing their origin as well as their current and potential use as disease biomarker and therapeutic target in a diversity of tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Lodewijk
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Dueñas
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus M. Paramio
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Rubio
- Biomedical Research Institute I+12, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Oncology-CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Wilczak M, Surman M, Przybyło M. Altered Glycosylation in Progression and Management of Bladder Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083436. [PMID: 37110670 PMCID: PMC10146225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most common malignancy worldwide, with an estimated 573,000 new cases and 213,000 deaths in 2020. Available therapeutic approaches are still unable to reduce the incidence of BC metastasis and the high mortality rates of BC patients. Therefore, there is a need to deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying BC progression to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. One such mechanism is protein glycosylation. Numerous studies reported changes in glycan biosynthesis during neoplastic transformation, resulting in the appearance of the so-called tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) on the cell surface. TACAs affect a wide range of key biological processes, including tumor cell survival and proliferation, invasion and metastasis, induction of chronic inflammation, angiogenesis, immune evasion, and insensitivity to apoptosis. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current information on how altered glycosylation of bladder cancer cells promotes disease progression and to present the potential use of glycans for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Wilczak
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Prof. S. Łojasiewicza 11 Street, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Surman
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9 Street, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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8
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Freitas R, Peixoto A, Ferreira E, Miranda A, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Immunomodulatory glycomedicine: Introducing next generation cancer glycovaccines. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 65:108144. [PMID: 37028466 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide due to the lack of safer and more effective therapies. Cancer vaccines developed from neoantigens are an emerging strategy to promote protective and therapeutic anti-cancer immune responses. Advances in glycomics and glycoproteomics have unveiled several cancer-specific glycosignatures, holding tremendous potential to foster effective cancer glycovaccines. However, the immunosuppressive nature of tumours poses a major obstacle to vaccine-based immunotherapy. Chemical modification of tumour associated glycans, conjugation with immunogenic carriers and administration in combination with potent immune adjuvants constitute emerging strategies to address this bottleneck. Moreover, novel vaccine vehicles have been optimized to enhance immune responses against otherwise poorly immunogenic cancer epitopes. Nanovehicles have shown increased affinity for antigen presenting cells (APCs) in lymph nodes and tumours, while reducing treatment toxicity. Designs exploiting glycans recognized by APCs have further enhanced the delivery of antigenic payloads, improving glycovaccine's capacity to elicit innate and acquired immune responses. These solutions show potential to reduce tumour burden, while generating immunological memory. Building on this rationale, we provide a comprehensive overview on emerging cancer glycovaccines, emphasizing the potential of nanotechnology in this context. A roadmap towards clinical implementation is also delivered foreseeing advances in glycan-based immunomodulatory cancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Freitas
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute - University of Porto (ICBAS), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Miranda
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute - University of Porto (ICBAS), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute - University of Porto (ICBAS), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Health School of University Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal; GlycoMatters Biotech, 4500-162 Espinho, Portugal; Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; GlycoMatters Biotech, 4500-162 Espinho, Portugal.
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9
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A roadmap for translational cancer glycoimmunology at single cell resolution. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:143. [PMID: 35428302 PMCID: PMC9013178 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02335-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells can evade immune responses by exploiting inhibitory immune checkpoints. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies based on anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies have been extensively explored over the recent years to unleash otherwise compromised anti-cancer immune responses. However, it is also well established that immune suppression is a multifactorial process involving an intricate crosstalk between cancer cells and the immune systems. The cancer glycome is emerging as a relevant source of immune checkpoints governing immunosuppressive behaviour in immune cells, paving an avenue for novel immunotherapeutic options. This review addresses the current state-of-the-art concerning the role played by glycans controlling innate and adaptive immune responses, while shedding light on available experimental models for glycoimmunology. We also emphasize the tremendous progress observed in the development of humanized models for immunology, the paramount contribution of advances in high-throughput single-cell analysis in this context, and the importance of including predictive machine learning algorithms in translational research. This may constitute an important roadmap for glycoimmunology, supporting careful adoption of models foreseeing clinical translation of fundamental glycobiology knowledge towards next generation immunotherapies.
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10
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Zhang Y, Sun L, Lei C, Li W, Han J, Zhang J, Zhang Y. A Sweet Warning: Mucin-Type O-Glycans in Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223666. [PMID: 36429094 PMCID: PMC9688771 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is a common post-translational modification process of proteins. Mucin-type O-glycosylation is an O-glycosylation that starts from protein serine/threonine residues. Normally, it is involved in the normal development and differentiation of cells and tissues, abnormal glycosylation can lead to a variety of diseases, especially cancer. This paper reviews the normal biosynthesis of mucin-type O-glycans and their role in the maintenance of body health, followed by the mechanisms of abnormal mucin-type O-glycosylation in the development of diseases, especially tumors, including the effects of Tn, STn, T antigen, and different glycosyltransferases, with special emphasis on their role in the development of gastric cancer. Finally, tumor immunotherapy targeting mucin-type O-glycans was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhang
- Medical College of Yan’an University, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Lingbo Sun
- Medical College of Yan’an University, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Changda Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ninth Hospital of Xi‘an, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Medical College of Yan’an University, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Jiaqi Han
- Medical College of Yan’an University, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Medical College of Yan’an University, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Yuecheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology and Detection of Yan’an, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (Y.Z.)
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11
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Konozy EHE, Osman MEFM. Plant lectin: A promising future anti-tumor drug. Biochimie 2022; 202:136-145. [PMID: 35952948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Since the early discovery of plant lectins at the end of the 19th century, and the finding that they could agglutinate erythrocytes and precipitate glycans from their solutions, many applications and biological roles have been described for these proteins. Later, the observed erythrocytes clumping features were attributed to the lectin-cell surface glycoconjugates recognition. Neoplastic transformation leads to various cellular alterations which impact the growth of the cell and its persistence, among which is the mutation in the outer surface glycosylation signatures. Quite a few lectins have been found to act as excellent biomarkers for cancer diagnosis while some were presented with antiproliferative activity that initiated by lectin binding to the respective glycocalyx receptors. These properties are blocked by the hapten sugar that is competing for the lectin affinity binding site. In vitro investigations of lectin-cancer cell's glycocalyx interactions lead to a series of immunological reactions that result in autophagy or apoptosis of the transformed cells. Mistletoe lectin, an agglutinin purified from the European Viscum album is the first plant lectin employed in the treatment of cancer to enter into the clinical trial phases. The entrapment of lectin in nanoparticles besides other techniques to promote bioavailability and stability have also been recently studied. This review summarizes our up-to-date understanding of the future applications of plant lectins in cancer prognosis and diagnosis. With the provision of many examples of lectins that exhibit anti-neoplastic properties.
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12
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Unique Glycoform-Dependent Monoclonal Antibodies for Mouse Mucin 21. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126718. [PMID: 35743163 PMCID: PMC9223859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin 21(Muc21)/epiglycanin is expressed on apical surfaces of squamous epithelia and has potentially protective roles, which are thought to be associated with its unique glycoforms, whereas its aberrant glycosylation is implicated in the malignant behaviors of some carcinomas. Despite the importance of glycoforms, we lack tools to detect specific glycoforms of mouse Muc21. In this study, we generated two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize different glycoforms of Muc21. We used membrane lysates of Muc21-expressing TA3-Ha cells or Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells transfected with Muc21 as antigens. Specificity testing, utilizing Muc21 glycosylation variant cells, showed that mAb 1A4-1 recognized Muc21 carrying glycans terminated with galactose residues, whereas mAb 18A11 recognized Muc21 carrying sialylated glycans. mAb 1A4-1 stained a majority of mouse mammary carcinoma TA3-Ha cells in vitro and in engrafted tumors in mice, whereas mAb 18A11 recognized only a subpopulation of these. mAb 1A4-1 was useful in immunohistochemically detecting Muc21 in normal squamous epithelia. In conclusion, these mAbs recognize distinct Muc21 epitopes formed by combinations of peptide portions and O-glycans.
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13
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The T/Tn-Specific Helix pomatia Lectin Induces Cell Death in Lymphoma Cells Negative for T/Tn Antigens. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174356. [PMID: 34503166 PMCID: PMC8431231 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Changes in glycosylation, such as incomplete synthesis and higher density of O-glycans on the cell surface, are frequently observed in cancer cells. Several types of truncated O-glycan structures, e.g., T/Tn antigens, are suspected to disrupt molecular interactions between tumor microenvironment and immune cells, for instance, facilitating cancer immune-escape. Therefore, numerous exogenous lectins targeting aberrant O-glycans are interesting tools for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. However, the ability of exolectins to detect subtle alterations in the glycome of tumor cells and to interfere in tumor/healthy cell interactions remains largely unknown. The present article reports for the first time that the Helix pomatia (HPA) lectin, a well-known T/Tn-specific lectin, currently used as a tool in cancer diagnostics, kills Tn-positive leukemia cells and Tn-negative lymphoma cells but does not affect healthy lymphocytes. Thus, HPA could be used to discriminate between tumor and healthy cells, and detect subtle alterations in the glycosylation profile. Abstract Morniga G is a T/Tn-specific lectin, inducing cell death in Tn-positive leukemias but not in healthy lymphocytes. Helix pomatia lectin (HPA) is another T/Tn-specific lectin, currently used as tool for cancer diagnostics. The HPA-mediated tumor cell death was evaluated on human leukemia and mouse lymphoma cells, and compared to the effect of Morniga G. Both lectins induced an equivalent percentage of cell death in Tn-positive Jurkat human leukemia. In contrast, EL4 mouse lymphoma resisted Morniga G-mediated cytotoxicity but were killed by HPA at concentrations of 2.5 μg/mL (0.032 nM) and higher. In both malignant cells, HPA-mediated cell death showed features compatible with apoptosis (annexin-externalization, caspase-activation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and ROS production). Cytometry analysis indicated that EL4 cells are T/Tn-negative. Because previous results showed a high amount of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc, sugar present in Tn antigen) on EL4 cell surface, this GalNAc could be involved in the formation of truncated O-glycans other than the T/Tn residues. When compared to Morniga G, bioinformatic analysis suggested that HPA benefits from an extended carbohydrate-binding site, better adapted than Morniga G to the accommodation of more complex branched and truncated O-glycans (such as core 2). Finally, HPA killed EL4 cells but not healthy lymphocytes in a mixture of lymphoma cells + lymphocytes, suggesting that HPA selectively triggers tumor cell death.
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14
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López-Cortés R, Gómez BB, Vázquez-Estévez S, Pérez-Fentes D, Núñez C. Blood-based protein biomarkers in bladder urothelial tumors. J Proteomics 2021; 247:104329. [PMID: 34298186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the fifth most common cancer with a high prevalence rate. It is classically classified in two groups, namely non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) and muscle invasive (MIBC). NMIBC accounts for 75% of cases and has a better prognosis than MIBC. However, 30-50% of the NMIBC patients will show recurrences throughout their lives, and about 10-20% of them will progress to MIBC, with frequent metastasis and a reduced survival rate. The diagnosis of bladder cancer is confirmed by direct visualization of the tumour and other mucosal abnormalities with endoscopic excision using cystoscopy and transurethral resection of the bladder (TURBT). An adequate TURBT requires complete resection of all visible tumour with appropriate sampling of the bladder to assess the depth of invasion. However, for many years, researchers have attempted to identify and utilise urinary markers for bladder cancer detection. Voided urine cytology has been the mainstay of urine-based diagnosis of bladder cancer since originally described by Papanicolau and Marshall. Nonetheless, urine cytology has several drawbacks, including a poor sensitivity for low-grade/stage tumours, a lack of interobserver consistency and a variable range of readings (e.g., atypical, atypical-suspicious, non-diagnostic). These shortcomings have inspired the search for more sensitive bladder cancer biomarkers. To bring precision medicine to genitourinary oncology, the analysis of the plasma/serum wide genome and proteome offers promising possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén López-Cortés
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), ES27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Benito Blanco Gómez
- Urology Division, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), ES27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Sergio Vázquez-Estévez
- Oncology Division, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), ES27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Daniel Pérez-Fentes
- Urology Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), ES15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Núñez
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), ES27002 Lugo, Spain.
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15
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Peixoto A, Ferreira D, Azevedo R, Freitas R, Fernandes E, Relvas-Santos M, Gaiteiro C, Soares J, Cotton S, Teixeira B, Paulo P, Lima L, Palmeira C, Martins G, Oliveira MJ, Silva AMN, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Glycoproteomics identifies HOMER3 as a potentially targetable biomarker triggered by hypoxia and glucose deprivation in bladder cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:191. [PMID: 34108014 PMCID: PMC8188679 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01988-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) remains amongst the deadliest genitourinary malignancies due to treatment failure and extensive molecular heterogeneity, delaying effective targeted therapeutics. Hypoxia and nutrient deprivation, oversialylation and O-glycans shortening are salient features of aggressive tumours, creating cell surface glycoproteome fingerprints with theranostics potential. METHODS A glycomics guided glycoproteomics workflow was employed to identify potentially targetable biomarkers using invasive bladder cancer cell models. The 5637 and T24 cells O-glycome was characterized by mass spectrometry (MS), and the obtained information was used to guide glycoproteomics experiments, combining sialidase, lectin affinity and bottom-up protein identification by nanoLC-ESI-MS/MS. Data was curated by a bioinformatics approach developed in-house, sorting clinically relevant molecular signatures based on Human Protein Atlas insights. Top-ranked targets and glycoforms were validated in cell models, bladder tumours and metastases by MS and immunoassays. Cells grown under hypoxia and glucose deprivation disclosed the contribution of tumour microenvironment to the expression of relevant biomarkers. Cancer-specificity was validated in healthy tissues by immunohistochemistry and MS in 20 types of tissues/cells of different individuals. RESULTS Sialylated T (ST) antigens were found to be the most abundant glycans in cell lines and over 900 glycoproteins were identified potentially carrying these glycans. HOMER3, typically a cytosolic protein, emerged as a top-ranked targetable glycoprotein at the cell surface carrying short-chain O-glycans. Plasma membrane HOMER3 was observed in more aggressive primary tumours and distant metastases, being an independent predictor of worst prognosis. This phenotype was triggered by nutrient deprivation and concomitant to increased cellular invasion. T24 HOMER3 knockdown significantly decreased proliferation and, to some extent, invasion in normoxia and hypoxia; whereas HOMER3 knock-in increased its membrane expression, which was more pronounced under glucose deprivation. HOMER3 overexpression was associated with increased cell proliferation in normoxia and potentiated invasion under hypoxia. Finally, the mapping of HOMER3-glycosites by EThcD-MS/MS in bladder tumours revealed potentially targetable domains not detected in healthy tissues. CONCLUSION HOMER3-glycoforms allow the identification of patients' subsets facing worst prognosis, holding potential to address more aggressive hypoxic cells with limited off-target effects. The molecular rationale for identifying novel bladder cancer molecular targets has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dylan Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Freitas
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Relvas-Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Janine Soares
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Cotton
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Teixeira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Paulo
- Cancer Genetics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Palmeira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Immunology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Health School of University Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Martins
- Immunology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Oliveira
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), University of Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - André M N Silva
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,Health School of University Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. .,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.
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16
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Cotton S, Ferreira D, Soares J, Peixoto A, Relvas-Santos M, Azevedo R, Piairo P, Diéguez L, Palmeira C, Lima L, Silva AMN, Lara Santos L, Ferreira JA. Target Score-A Proteomics Data Selection Tool Applied to Esophageal Cancer Identifies GLUT1-Sialyl Tn Glycoforms as Biomarkers of Cancer Aggressiveness. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041664. [PMID: 33562270 PMCID: PMC7915893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a life-threatening disease, demanding the discovery of new biomarkers and molecular targets for precision oncology. Aberrantly glycosylated proteins hold tremendous potential towards this objective. In the current study, a series of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and EC-derived circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were screened by immunoassays for the sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen, a glycan rarely expressed in healthy tissues and widely observed in aggressive gastrointestinal cancers. An ESCC cell model was glycoengineered to express STn and characterized in relation to cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. STn was found to be widely present in ESCC (70% of tumors) and in CTCs in 20% of patients, being associated with general recurrence and reduced survival. Furthermore, STn expression in ESCC cells increased invasion in vitro, while reducing cancer cells proliferation. In parallel, an ESCC mass spectrometry-based proteomics dataset, obtained from the PRIDE database, was comprehensively interrogated for abnormally glycosylated proteins. Data integration with the Target Score, an algorithm developed in-house, pinpointed the glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) as a biomarker of poor prognosis. GLUT1-STn glycoproteoforms were latter identified in tumor tissues in patients facing worst prognosis. Furthermore, healthy human tissues analysis suggested that STn glycosylation provided cancer specificity to GLUT1. In conclusion, STn is a biomarker of worst prognosis in EC and GLUT1-STn glycoforms may be used to increase its specificity on the stratification and targeting of aggressive ESCC forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Cotton
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Dylan Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Janine Soares
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- QOPNA/LAQV, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Relvas-Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland;
| | - Paulina Piairo
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.P.); (L.D.)
| | - Lorena Diéguez
- Medical Devices Research Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), 4715-330 Braga, Portugal; (P.P.); (L.D.)
| | - Carlos Palmeira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Department of Immunology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Health Science Faculty, University of Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - André M. N. Silva
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Health Science Faculty, University of Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute (IPO Porto), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (S.C.); (D.F.); (J.S.); (A.P.); (M.R.-S.); (C.P.); (L.L.); (L.L.S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-225-084-000 (ext. 5111)
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17
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Kori M, Aydin B, Gulfidan G, Beklen H, Kelesoglu N, Caliskan Iscan A, Turanli B, Erzik C, Karademir B, Arga KY. The Repertoire of Glycan Alterations and Glycoproteins in Human Cancers. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2021; 25:139-168. [PMID: 33404348 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2020.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer as the leading cause of death worldwide has many issues that still need to be addressed. Since the alterations on the glycan compositions or/and structures (i.e., glycosylation, sialylation, and fucosylation) are common features of tumorigenesis, glycomics becomes an emerging field examining the structure and function of glycans. In the past, cancer studies heavily relied on genomics and transcriptomics with relatively little exploration of the glycan alterations and glycoprotein biomarkers among individuals and populations. Since glycosylation of proteins increases their structural complexity by several orders of magnitude, glycome studies resulted in highly dynamic biomarkers that can be evaluated for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Glycome not only integrates our genetic background with past and present environmental factors but also offers a promise of more efficient patient stratification compared with genetic variations. Therefore, studying glycans holds great potential for better diagnostic markers as well as developing more efficient treatment strategies in human cancers. While recent developments in glycomics and associated technologies now offer new possibilities to achieve a high-throughput profiling of glycan diversity, we aim to give an overview of the current status of glycan research and the potential applications of the glycans in the scope of the personalized medicine strategies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medi Kori
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busra Aydin
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Gulfidan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hande Beklen
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Kelesoglu
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegul Caliskan Iscan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Beste Turanli
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Can Erzik
- Department of Medical Biology and School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Karademir
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kazim Yalcin Arga
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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18
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Freitas R, Relvas-Santos M, Azevedo R, Soares J, Fernandes E, Teixeira B, Santos LL, Silva AMN, Ferreira JA. Single-pot enzymatic synthesis of cancer-associated MUC16 O-glycopeptide libraries and multivalent protein glycoconjugates: a step towards cancer glycovaccines. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06021f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases and nucleotide sugars are combined in single-pot settings to synthesize a library of cancer-associated MUC16 O-glycopeptides and multivalent protein glycoconjugates foreseeing future development of cancer glycovaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Freitas
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto
- 4200-072 Porto
- Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS)
| | - Marta Relvas-Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto
- 4200-072 Porto
- Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS)
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto
- 4200-072 Porto
- Portugal
| | - Janine Soares
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto
- 4200-072 Porto
- Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS)
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto
- 4200-072 Porto
- Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S)
| | - Beatriz Teixeira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto
- 4200-072 Porto
- Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS)
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto
- 4200-072 Porto
- Portugal
- REQUIMTE-LAQV
| | - André M. N. Silva
- REQUIMTE-LAQV
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- University of Porto
- 4169-007 Porto
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group
- Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto
- 4200-072 Porto
- Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS)
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19
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Peixoto A, Cotton S, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. The Tumour Microenvironment and Circulating Tumour Cells: A Partnership Driving Metastasis and Glycan-Based Opportunities for Cancer Control. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1329:1-33. [PMID: 34664231 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73119-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTC) are rare cells that actively detach or are shed from primary tumours into the lymph and blood. Some CTC subpopulations gain the capacity to survive, home and colonize distant locations, forming metastasis. This results from a multifactorial process in which cancer cells optimize motility, invasion, immune escape and cooperative relationships with microenvironmental cues. Here we present evidences of a self-fuelling molecular crosstalk between cancer cells and the tumour stroma supporting the main milestones leading to metastasis. We discuss how the tumour microenvironment supports pre-metastatic niches and CTC development and ultimately dictates CTC fate in targeted organs. Finally, we highlight the key role played by protein glycosylation in metastasis development, its prompt response to microenvironmental stimuli and the tremendous potential of glycan-based molecular signatures for liquid biopsies and targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3s), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), Porto, Portugal. .,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sofia Cotton
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3s), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
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20
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Torres-Pérez SA, Torres-Pérez CE, Pedraza-Escalona M, Pérez-Tapia SM, Ramón-Gallegos E. Glycosylated Nanoparticles for Cancer-Targeted Drug Delivery. Front Oncol 2020; 10:605037. [PMID: 33330106 PMCID: PMC7735155 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.605037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are novel platforms that can carry both cancer-targeting molecules and drugs to avoid severe side effects due to nonspecific drug delivery in standard chemotherapy treatments. Cancer cells are characterized by abnormal membranes, metabolic changes, the presence of lectin receptors, glucose transporters (GLUT) overexpression, and glycosylation of immune receptors of programmed death on cell surfaces. These characteristics have led to the development of several strategies for cancer therapy, including a large number of carbohydrate-modified NPs, which have become desirable for use in cell-selective drug delivery systems because they increase nanoparticle-cell interactions and uptake of carried drugs. Currently, the potential of NP glycosylation to enhance the safety and efficacy of carried therapeutic antitumor agents has been widely acknowledged, and much information is accumulating in this field. This review seeks to highlight recent advances in NP stabilization, toxicity reduction, and pharmacokinetic improvement and the promising potential of NP glycosylation from the perspective of molecular mechanisms described for drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. From preclinical proof-of-concept to demonstration of therapeutic value in the clinic, the challenges and opportunities presented by glycosylated NPs, with a focus on their applicability in the development of nanodrugs, are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Andrés Torres-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Citopatología Ambiental, Departamento de Morfología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Campus Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cindy Estefani Torres-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Citopatología Ambiental, Departamento de Morfología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Campus Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha Pedraza-Escalona
- CONACYT-UDIBI-ENCB-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Lázaro Cárdenas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sonia Mayra Pérez-Tapia
- Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioprocesos (UDIBI), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eva Ramón-Gallegos
- Laboratorio de Citopatología Ambiental, Departamento de Morfología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Campus Zacatenco, Mexico City, Mexico
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21
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POFUT1 mRNA expression as an independent prognostic parameter in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100900. [PMID: 33099185 PMCID: PMC7581975 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is characterized by high recurrence and rapid progression. Progression is linked to changes in glycan structures and altered levels of glycosyltransferases. The relationship of mRNA expression by glycosyltransferase genes B4GALT1, EXT1, MGAT5B, and POFUT1 to the probability of surviving MIBC after radical cystectomy has not yet been investigated. mRNA expression was analyzed using qRT-PCR in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor samples (n = 105; 74% male patients and 26% female patients; median age = 72 years), correlated with histopathological variables, and evaluated by means of multivariable Cox regression analysis regarding to overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and disease-free survival (DFS). Multivariable Cox regression analysis identified POFUT1 mRNA expression as superior prognostic marker, compared with currently used histological tumor stage methods, for CSS by MIBC patients following radical cystectomy. Thus, the patients with low POFUT1 mRNA were at a 4.9-fold greater risk for cancer-specific death according to the multivariable analysis (p = 0.0001). Low mRNA levels predicted poor survival according to the Kaplan-Meier analysis ((POFUT1:OS p = 0.0014; CSS p = 0.0007; DFS p = 0.0088); (EXT1:OS p = 0.0150; CSS p = 0.0130; DFS p = 0.0286); (B4GALT1:CSS p = 0.0134; DFS p = 0.0493)). A subgroup analysis of patients without lymph node metastasis (pN−; n = 73) indicated that low expression of POFUT1 predicted reduced OS (p = 0.0073), CSS (p = 0.0058,) and DSS (p = 0.0079). Low levels of POFUT1 mRNA are an independent prognostic indicator for OS and CSS in MIBC patients following radical cystectomy. This finding demonstrates the importance of altered glycosylation for the progress of MIBC. Low POFUT1 mRNA expression is associated with a higher risk for overall and cancer-specific death in MIBC treated with RC. MIBC patients with pN0 histology and, decreased POFUT1 mRNA levels showed poor outcome for OS, CSS and, DFS. POFUT1 mRNA is an independent prognostic indicator for OS and CSS in multivariable analysis of MIBC patients following RC.
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22
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Carvalho S, Abreu CM, Ferreira D, Lima L, Ferreira JA, Santos LL, Ribeiro R, Grenha V, Martínez-Fernández M, Duenas M, Suárez-Cabrera C, Paramio JM, Diéguez L, Freitas PP, Oliveira MI. Phenotypic Analysis of Urothelial Exfoliated Cells in Bladder Cancer via Microfluidic Immunoassays: Sialyl-Tn as a Novel Biomarker in Liquid Biopsies. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1774. [PMID: 33042825 PMCID: PMC7526084 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract, having one of the highest recurrence rates and progression from non-muscle to muscle invasive bladder cancer that commonly leads to metastasis. Cystoscopy and urine cytology are the standard procedures for its detection but have limited clinical sensitivity and specificity. Herein, a microfluidic device, the UriChip, was developed for the enrichment of urothelial exfoliated cells from fresh and frozen urine, based on deformability and size, and the cancer-associated glycan Sialyl-Tn explored as a putative bladder cancer urinary biomarker. Spiking experiments with bladder cancer cell lines showed an isolation efficiency of 53%, while clinical sample analyses revealed retention of cells with various morphologies and sizes. in situ immunoassays demonstrated significantly higher number of Sialyl-Tn-positive cells in fresh and frozen voided urine from bladder cancer patients, compared to healthy individuals. Of note, urothelial exfoliated cells from cryopreserved urine sediments were also successfully isolated by the UriChip, and found to express significantly high levels of Sialyl-Tn. Remarkably, Sialyl-Tn expression is correlated with tumor stage and grade. Overall, our findings demonstrate the potential of UriChip and Sialyl-Tn to detect urothelial bladder cancer cells in follow-up and long-term retrospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Carvalho
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Braga, Portugal
| | - Catarina M. Abreu
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Braga, Portugal
| | - Dylan Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
- School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José A. Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio L. Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology (CI-IPOP), Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro
- Tumor & Microenvironment Group, i3S/INEB, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde/Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, Environmental Health Institute, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Departament of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vânia Grenha
- Department of Urology, Centro Hospitalar Do Alto Ave, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Mónica Martínez-Fernández
- Genomes and Disease Lab., Research Center of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marta Duenas
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Suárez-Cabrera
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus M. Paramio
- Molecular Oncology Unit, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, Institute of Biomedical Research, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Diéguez
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Braga, Portugal
| | - Paulo P. Freitas
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Nanoelectronics Engineering, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marta I. Oliveira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Braga, Portugal
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23
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Zupančič D, Kreft ME, Sterle I, Romih R. Combined lectin- and immuno-histochemistry (CLIH) for applications in cell biology and cancer diagnosis: Analysis of human urothelial carcinomas. Eur J Histochem 2020; 64. [PMID: 32613817 PMCID: PMC7341074 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2020.3141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectin histochemistry (LHC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), which demonstrate the composition and localisation of sugar residues and proteins in cell membranes, respectively, are generally used separately. Using these two methods, we previously demonstrated that malignant transformation of urothelial cells results in the alterations of protein glycosylation and reduced expression of urothelium-specific integral membrane proteins uroplakins (UPs). However, the correlation between these changes was not studied yet. To evaluate this correlation, we developed innovative method, which we named Combined Lectin- and Immuno-Histochemistry (CLIH). We used human biopsies of 6 normal urothelia and 9 papillary urothelial carcinomas, i.e. 3 papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (PUNLMP), 3 non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinomas of low grade (pTa, l.g.), and 3 invasive papillary urothelial carcinomas of high grade (pT1, h.g.). We tested five different protocols (numbered 1-5) of CLIH on paraffin and cryosemithin sections and compared them with LHC and IHC performed separately. Additionally, we carried out western and lectin blotting with antibodies against UPs and lectins Amaranthus caudatus agglutinin (ACA), Datura stramonium agglutinin (DSA), and jacalin, respectively. We showed that incubation with primary antibodies first, followed by the mixture of secondary antibodies and lectins is the most efficient CLIH method (protocol number 5). Additionally, 300 nm thick cryo-semithin sections enabled better resolution of co-localisation between sugar residues and proteins than 5 mm thick paraffin sections. In the normal urothelium, CLIH showed co-localisation of lectins ACA and jacalin with UPs in the apical plasma membrane (PM) of superficial umbrella cells. In papillary urothelial carcinomas, all three lectins (ACA, DSA and jacalin) labelled regions of apical PM, where they occasionally co-localised with UPs. Western and lectin blotting confirmed the differences between normal urothelium and papillary urothelial carcinomas. Our results show that CLIH, when used with various sets of lectins and antigens, is a useful, quick, and reliable method that could be applied for basic cell biology research as well as detailed subtyping of human urothelial carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daša Zupančič
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana.
| | | | - Igor Sterle
- Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana.
| | - Rok Romih
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana.
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Loureiro LR, Feldmann A, Bergmann R, Koristka S, Berndt N, Máthé D, Hegedüs N, Szigeti K, Videira PA, Bachmann M, Arndt C. Extended half-life target module for sustainable UniCAR T-cell treatment of STn-expressing cancers. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:77. [PMID: 32370811 PMCID: PMC7201957 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01572-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Adapter chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) approaches have emerged has promising strategies to increase clinical safety of CAR T-cell therapy. In the UniCAR system, the safety switch is controlled via a target module (TM) which is characterized by a small-size and short half-life. The rapid clearance of these TMs from the blood allows a quick steering and self-limiting safety switch of UniCAR T-cells by TM dosing. This is mainly important during onset of therapy when tumor burden and the risk for severe side effects are high. For long-term UniCAR therapy, the continuous infusion of TMs may not be an optimal setting for the patients. Thus, in later stages of treatment, single infusions of TMs with an increased half-life might play an important role in long-term surveillance and eradication of residual tumor cells. Given this, we aimed to develop and characterize a novel TM with extended half-life targeting the tumor-associated carbohydrate sialyl-Tn (STn). Methods The extended half-life TM is composed of the STn-specific single-chain variable fragment (scFv) and the UniCAR epitope, fused to the hinge region and Fc domain of a human immunoglobulin 4 (IgG4) antibody. Specific binding and functionality of the αSTn-IgG4 TM as well as pharmacokinetic features were assessed using in vitro and in vivo assays and compared to the already established small-sized αSTn TM. Results The novel αSTn-IgG4 TM efficiently activates and redirects UniCAR T-cells to STn-expressing tumors in a target-specific and TM-dependent manner, thereby promoting the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and tumor cell lysis in vitro and in experimental mice. Moreover, PET-imaging results demonstrate the specific enrichment of the αSTn-IgG4 TM at the tumor site, while presenting a prolonged serum half-life compared to the short-lived αSTn TM. Conclusion In a clinical setting, the combination of TMs with different formats and pharmacokinetics may represent a promising strategy for retargeting of UniCAR T-cells in a flexible, individualized and safe manner at particular stages of therapy. Furthermore, as these molecules can be used for in vivo imaging, they pose as attractive candidates for theranostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana R Loureiro
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Feldmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Stefanie Koristka
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicole Berndt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Domokos Máthé
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Hegedüs
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Szigeti
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Paula A Videira
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany. .,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,Tumor Immunology, University CancerCenter (UCC), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Claudia Arndt
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
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25
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Flores AR, Lemos I, Rema A, Taulescu M, Seixas F, Reis CA, Gärtner F, Amorim I. Tn and Sialyl-Tn antigens in canine gastric tissues. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 18:615-625. [PMID: 32134186 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Malignant transformation is often associated with abnormal protein glycosylation expressed, amongst others, by the accumulation of simple mucin-type carbohydrates namely Tn and Sialyl-Tn (STn) antigens. These are usually limited in normal tissues and their increased expression has been associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis. This study aims to evaluate the role of Tn and STn antigens in the neoplastic transformation of the canine gastric mucosa and to correlate their putative immunoexpression alterations with some pathological features. Tn and STn antigens expression were immunohistochemically evaluated in canine normal gastric mucosa (n = 3), gastric polyps (n = 9) and gastric carcinomas (n = 25), neoplastic emboli (n = 12) and metastases (n = 8). In normal gastric mucosa, Tn antigen was detected in the gastric epithelial cells, while STn antigen was absent. Similarly, all gastric polyps expressed Tn antigen, but none displayed STn antigen immunostaining. In carcinomas, Tn antigen was expressed in 96% of the cases and STn antigen in 68% of the neoplasms. STn antigen was significantly higher in carcinomas compared with normal mucosa (P < .05). No correlation was found between each antigen and the different subtypes of tumours according to WHO classification, tumour differentiation, lymph vascular invasion or metastasis. All neoplastic emboli expressed both antigens, and the expression score was similar or higher than that displayed by the neoplastic cells of the primary tumour. The high prevalence of STn antigen in gastric carcinomas compared with normal mucosa highlights the cancer-associated nature of this antigen. Our results link STn antigen expression to neoplastic transformation and suggest that it may be a useful marker of gastric cancer progression in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R Flores
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Center of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Isabel Lemos
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Rema
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marian Taulescu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Fernanda Seixas
- Center of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Molecular Biology of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Gärtner
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Irina Amorim
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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26
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Gupta R, Leon F, Rauth S, Batra SK, Ponnusamy MP. A Systematic Review on the Implications of O-linked Glycan Branching and Truncating Enzymes on Cancer Progression and Metastasis. Cells 2020; 9:E446. [PMID: 32075174 PMCID: PMC7072808 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is the most commonly occurring post-translational modifications, and is believed to modify over 50% of all proteins. The process of glycan modification is directed by different glycosyltransferases, depending on the cell in which it is expressed. These small carbohydrate molecules consist of multiple glycan families that facilitate cell-cell interactions, protein interactions, and downstream signaling. An alteration of several types of O-glycan core structures have been implicated in multiple cancers, largely due to differential glycosyltransferase expression or activity. Consequently, aberrant O-linked glycosylation has been extensively demonstrated to affect biological function and protein integrity that directly result in cancer growth and progression of several diseases. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of several initiating enzymes involved in the synthesis of O-linked glycosylation that significantly contribute to a number of different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohitesh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.G.); (F.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Frank Leon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.G.); (F.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Sanchita Rauth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.G.); (F.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.G.); (F.L.); (S.R.)
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 681980-5900, USA
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, UNMC, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Moorthy P. Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA; (R.G.); (F.L.); (S.R.)
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 681980-5900, USA
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Višnjar T, Romih R, Zupančič D. Lectins as possible tools for improved urinary bladder cancer management. Glycobiology 2019; 29:355-365. [PMID: 30689891 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer in developed countries with poor prognosis and outcome for the patient due to the challenging diagnosis and limited treatment possibilities. Bladder cancer arises mainly from urothelial cells lining the lumen. Urothelial cells form a three- to five-layered urothelium, which maintains the blood-urine barrier. The carbohydrates that cover the apical surface of superficial urothelial cells, i.e. umbrella cells, are crucial for this function. The composition of the carbohydrate covering is altered during urothelial cancer transformation. These bladder cancer-associated carbohydrate changes are a promising field for diagnosis, therapy and management. Lectins, which are carbohydrate-binding proteins, can be used to detect subtle alterations in carbohydrate composition during urothelial cancer transformation. Extensive research into various lectin applications has already been conducted, but the results are often contradictory and confusing. None of these applications have reached clinical trials. We review the literature and discuss (i) current bladder cancer management, (ii) lectin-based assays for detection of various cancer subtypes, (iii) lectin-based strategies for innovative bladder cancer treatment and finally (iv) lectins in nanotheranostics for personalized bladder cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Višnjar
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rok Romih
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Daša Zupančič
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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28
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Seranio N, Malkowicz SB, Christodouleas J, Kao GD. Molecular/ Genetic/ Protein Characterizing of Bladder Cancer Circulating Tumor Cells. Bladder Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/blc-190227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Seranio
- Department of Urology (presently resident physician, Stanford Department of Urology), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - S. Bruce Malkowicz
- Department of Urology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - John Christodouleas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Gary D. Kao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, PA, USA
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29
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Xu Y, Huang Y, Lu W, Liu S, Xiao Y, Yu J. 4-Carboxyphenylboronic acid-decorated, redox-sensitive rod-shaped nano-micelles fabricated through co-assembling strategy for active targeting and synergistic co-delivery of camptothecin and gemcitabine. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 144:193-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Peixoto A, Relvas-Santos M, Azevedo R, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Protein Glycosylation and Tumor Microenvironment Alterations Driving Cancer Hallmarks. Front Oncol 2019; 9:380. [PMID: 31157165 PMCID: PMC6530332 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of research have disclosed a plethora of alterations in protein glycosylation that decisively impact in all stages of disease and ultimately contribute to more aggressive cell phenotypes. The biosynthesis of cancer-associated glycans and its reflection in the glycoproteome is driven by microenvironmental cues and these events act synergistically toward disease evolution. Such intricate crosstalk provides the molecular foundations for the activation of relevant oncogenic pathways and leads to functional alterations driving invasion and disease dissemination. However, it also provides an important source of relevant glyco(neo)epitopes holding tremendous potential for clinical intervention. Therefore, we highlight the transversal nature of glycans throughout the currently accepted cancer hallmarks, with emphasis on the crosstalk between glycans and the tumor microenvironment stromal components. Focus is also set on the pressing need to include glycans and glycoconjugates in comprehensive panomics models envisaging molecular-based precision medicine capable of improving patient care. We foresee that this may provide the necessary rationale for more comprehensive studies and molecular-based intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Tumour and Microenvironment Interactions Group, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Relvas-Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
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31
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Soni KS, Thomas D, Caffrey T, Mehla K, Lei F, O'Connell KA, Sagar S, Lele SM, Hollingsworth MA, Radhakrishnan P, Bronich TK. A Polymeric Nanogel-Based Treatment Regimen for Enhanced Efficacy and Sequential Administration of Synergistic Drug Combination in Pancreatic Cancer. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:894-901. [PMID: 30683666 PMCID: PMC6807295 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.255372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers. A combination of cisplatin (CDDP) and gemcitabine (Gem) treatment has shown favorable clinical results for metastatic disease; both are limited by toxicities and nontargeted delivery. More than 80% of PDAC aberrantly expresses the sialyl Tn (STn) antigen due to the loss of function of the core 1β3-Gal-T-specific molecular chaperone, a specific chaperone for the activity of core 1 β3-galactosyltransferase or C1GalT. Here, we report the development of polymeric nanogels (NGs) loaded with CDDP and coated with an anti-STn antigen-specific antibody (TKH2 monoclonal antibody) for the targeted treatment of PDAC. TKH2-functionalized, CDDP-loaded NGs delivered a significantly higher amount of platinum into the cells and tumors expressing STn antigens. We also confirmed that a synergistic cytotoxic effect of sequential exposure of pancreatic cancer cells to Gem followed by CDDP can be mimicked by the codelivery of CDDP-loaded NGs (NG/CDDP) and free Gem. In a murine orthotopic model of PDAC, combined simultaneous treatment with Gem and targeted NG/CDDP significantly attenuated tumor growth with no detectable acute toxicity. Altogether, these results suggest that combination therapy consisting of Gem followed by TKH2-conjugated CDDP NGs induces highly synergistic therapeutic efficacy against pancreatic cancer. Our results offer the basis for development of combination drug regimens using targeted nanomedicines to increase treatment effectiveness and improve outcomes of PDAC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kruti S Soni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy (K.S.S., F.L., T.K.B.), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (D.T., T.C., K.M., K.A.O., S.S., M.A.H., P.R.), and Department of Pathology and Microbiology (S.M.L.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Divya Thomas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy (K.S.S., F.L., T.K.B.), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (D.T., T.C., K.M., K.A.O., S.S., M.A.H., P.R.), and Department of Pathology and Microbiology (S.M.L.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Thomas Caffrey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy (K.S.S., F.L., T.K.B.), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (D.T., T.C., K.M., K.A.O., S.S., M.A.H., P.R.), and Department of Pathology and Microbiology (S.M.L.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kamiya Mehla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy (K.S.S., F.L., T.K.B.), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (D.T., T.C., K.M., K.A.O., S.S., M.A.H., P.R.), and Department of Pathology and Microbiology (S.M.L.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Fan Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy (K.S.S., F.L., T.K.B.), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (D.T., T.C., K.M., K.A.O., S.S., M.A.H., P.R.), and Department of Pathology and Microbiology (S.M.L.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kelly A O'Connell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy (K.S.S., F.L., T.K.B.), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (D.T., T.C., K.M., K.A.O., S.S., M.A.H., P.R.), and Department of Pathology and Microbiology (S.M.L.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Satish Sagar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy (K.S.S., F.L., T.K.B.), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (D.T., T.C., K.M., K.A.O., S.S., M.A.H., P.R.), and Department of Pathology and Microbiology (S.M.L.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Subodh M Lele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy (K.S.S., F.L., T.K.B.), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (D.T., T.C., K.M., K.A.O., S.S., M.A.H., P.R.), and Department of Pathology and Microbiology (S.M.L.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Michael A Hollingsworth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy (K.S.S., F.L., T.K.B.), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (D.T., T.C., K.M., K.A.O., S.S., M.A.H., P.R.), and Department of Pathology and Microbiology (S.M.L.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Prakash Radhakrishnan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy (K.S.S., F.L., T.K.B.), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (D.T., T.C., K.M., K.A.O., S.S., M.A.H., P.R.), and Department of Pathology and Microbiology (S.M.L.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Tatiana K Bronich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy (K.S.S., F.L., T.K.B.), Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center (D.T., T.C., K.M., K.A.O., S.S., M.A.H., P.R.), and Department of Pathology and Microbiology (S.M.L.), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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32
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Oo HZ, Seiler R, Black PC, Daugaard M. Post-translational modifications in bladder cancer: Expanding the tumor target repertoire. Urol Oncol 2018; 38:858-866. [PMID: 30342880 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, genomic and transcriptomic analyses have uncovered promising tumor antigens including immunotherapeutic targets in bladder cancer (BCa). Conventional tumor antigens are proteins expressed on the plasma membrane of tumor cells such as EGFR, FGFR3, and ERBB2 in BCa, which can be targeted by antibodies or similar epitope-specific binding reagents. The cellular proteome consists of ∼100,000 proteins but the expression of these proteins is rarely unique to tumor cells. Many tumor-associated proteins are post-translationally modified with phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, or SUMOylation moieties. Although these modifications expand the complexity, they potentially offer novel targeting opportunities across tumor sub-populations. Experimental targeting of cancer-specific post-translational modifications (PTMs) has shown encouraging results in pre-clinical models of BCa, which could potentially overcome issues with inherent intra-tumor heterogeneity due to simultaneous expression on different proteins. Here, we review current knowledge on post-translational modifications in BCa and highlight recent efforts in experimental targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htoo Zarni Oo
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Roland Seiler
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada; Department of Urology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter C Black
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Mads Daugaard
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Vancouver Prostate Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada.
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33
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Neves M, Azevedo R, Lima L, Oliveira MI, Peixoto A, Ferreira D, Soares J, Fernandes E, Gaiteiro C, Palmeira C, Cotton S, Mereiter S, Campos D, Afonso LP, Ribeiro R, Fraga A, Tavares A, Mansinho H, Monteiro E, Videira PA, Freitas PP, Reis CA, Santos LL, Dieguez L, Ferreira JA. Exploring sialyl-Tn expression in microfluidic-isolated circulating tumour cells: A novel biomarker and an analytical tool for precision oncology applications. N Biotechnol 2018; 49:77-87. [PMID: 30273682 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) originating from a primary tumour, lymph nodes and distant metastases hold great potential for liquid biopsies by providing a molecular fingerprint for disease dissemination and its temporal evolution through the course of disease management. CTC enumeration, classically defined on the basis of surface expression of Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) and absence of the pan-leukocyte marker CD45, has been shown to correlate with clinical outcome. However, existing approaches introduce bias into the subsets of captured CTCs, which may exclude biologically and clinically relevant subpopulations. Here we explore the overexpression of the membrane protein O-glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen in advanced bladder and colorectal tumours, but not in blood cells, to propose a novel CTC isolation technology. Using a size-based microfluidic device, we show that the majority (>90%) of CTCs isolated from the blood of patients with metastatic bladder and colorectal cancers express the STn antigen, supporting a link with metastasis. STn+ CTC counts were significantly higher than EpCAM-based detection in colorectal cancer, providing a more efficient cell-surface biomarker for CTC isolation. Exploring this concept, we constructed a glycan affinity-based microfluidic device for selective isolation of STn+ CTCs and propose an enzyme-based strategy for the recovery of viable cancer cells for downstream investigations. Finally, clinically relevant cancer biomarkers (transcripts and mutations) in bladder and colorectal tumours, were identified in cells isolated by microfluidics, confirming their malignant origin and highlighting the potential of this technology in the context of precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Neves
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta I Oliveira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering of Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Janine Soares
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering of Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Sofia Cotton
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Stefan Mereiter
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Campos
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ricardo Ribeiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal; INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering of Porto, Portugal
| | - Avelino Fraga
- Hospital Centre- Hospital of Santo António of Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Tavares
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hélder Mansinho
- Hemato-Oncology Clinic, Hospital Garcia de Orta, EPE, Almada, Portugal; Gupo de Investigação do Cancro Digestivo-GICD, Portugal
| | | | - Paula A Videira
- Glycoimmunology Group, UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Paulo P Freitas
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal; INESC - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias, Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; UFP: School of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University of Porto, Portugal; Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
| | - Lorena Dieguez
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal; International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, Portugal; Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal.
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34
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Loureiro LR, Sousa DP, Ferreira D, Chai W, Lima L, Pereira C, Lopes CB, Correia VG, Silva LM, Li C, Santos LL, Ferreira JA, Barbas A, Palma AS, Novo C, Videira PA. Novel monoclonal antibody L2A5 specifically targeting sialyl-Tn and short glycans terminated by alpha-2-6 sialic acids. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12196. [PMID: 30111774 PMCID: PMC6093877 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30421-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Incomplete O-glycosylation is a feature associated with malignancy resulting in the expression of truncated glycans such as the sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen. Despite all the progress in the development of potential anti-cancer antibodies, their application is frequently hindered by low specificities and cross-reactivity. In this study, a novel anti-STn monoclonal antibody named L2A5 was developed by hybridoma technology. Flow cytometry analysis showed that L2A5 specifically binds to sialylated structures on the cell surface of STn-expressing breast and bladder cancer cell lines. Moreover, immunoblotting assays demonstrated reactivity to tumour-associated O-glycosylated proteins, such as MUC1. Tumour recognition was further observed using immunohistochemistry assays, which demonstrated a high sensitivity and specificity of L2A5 mAb towards cancer tissue, using bladder and colorectal cancer tissues. L2A5 staining was exclusively tumoural, with a remarkable reactivity in invasive and metastasis sites, not detectable by other anti-STn mAbs. Additionally, it stained 20% of cases of triple-negative breast cancers, suggesting application in diseases with unmet clinical needs. Finally, the fine specificity was assessed using glycan microarrays, demonstrating a highly specific binding of L2A5 to core STn antigens and additional ability to bind 2-6-linked sialyl core-1 probes. In conclusion, this study describes a novel anti-STn antibody with a unique binding specificity that can be applied for cancer diagnostic and future development of new antibody-based therapeutic applications.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/isolation & purification
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/immunology
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/physiology
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Female
- Glycosylation
- Humans
- Hybridomas
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Polysaccharides/chemistry
- Polysaccharides/immunology
- Sialic Acids/metabolism
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana R Loureiro
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, 2780, Portugal
| | - Diana P Sousa
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal
| | - Dylan Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
| | - Wengang Chai
- Glycosciences Laboratory - Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, 4200, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, 4200, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carina Pereira
- CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
| | - Carla B Lopes
- Joaquim Chaves Saúde, Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, Lisboa, 1170, Portugal
| | - Viviana G Correia
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal
| | - Lisete M Silva
- Glycosciences Laboratory - Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Chunxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycoengineering, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, 4050, Portugal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, 4200, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, 4200, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (I3S), University of Porto, 4200, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, 4050, Portugal
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Braga, 4715, Portugal
| | - Ana Barbas
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, 2780, Portugal
- Bayer Portugal, Carnaxide, 2790, Portugal
| | - Angelina S Palma
- Glycosciences Laboratory - Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, United Kingdom
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal
| | - Carlos Novo
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal.
- UEIPM, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 1349, Portugal.
| | - Paula A Videira
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, 2829, Portugal.
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), Caparica, 2829, Portugal.
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35
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Rodrigues E, Macauley MS. Hypersialylation in Cancer: Modulation of Inflammation and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10060207. [PMID: 29912148 PMCID: PMC6025361 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell surface glycosylation is dynamic and often changes in response to cellular differentiation under physiological or pathophysiological conditions. Altered glycosylation on cancers cells is gaining attention due its wide-spread occurrence across a variety of cancer types and recent studies that have documented functional roles for aberrant glycosylation in driving cancer progression at various stages. One change in glycosylation that can correlate with cancer stage and disease prognosis is hypersialylation. Increased levels of sialic acid are pervasive in cancer and a growing body of evidence demonstrates how hypersialylation is advantageous to cancer cells, particularly from the perspective of modulating immune cell responses. Sialic acid-binding receptors, such as Siglecs and Selectins, are well-positioned to be exploited by cancer hypersialylation. Evidence is also mounting that Siglecs modulate key immune cell types in the tumor microenvironment, particularly those responsible for maintaining the appropriate inflammatory environment. From these studies have come new and innovative ways to block the effects of hypersialylation by directly reducing sialic acid on cancer cells or blocking interactions between sialic acid and Siglecs or Selectins. Here we review recent works examining how cancer cells become hypersialylated, how hypersialylation benefits cancer cells and tumors, and proposed therapies to abrogate hypersialylation of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada.
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada.
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada.
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Carrascal MA, Silva M, Ferreira JA, Azevedo R, Ferreira D, Silva AMN, Ligeiro D, Santos LL, Sackstein R, Videira PA. A functional glycoproteomics approach identifies CD13 as a novel E-selectin ligand in breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:2069-2080. [PMID: 29777742 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glycan moieties sialyl-Lewis-X and/or -A (sLeX/A) are the primary ligands for E-selectin, regulating subsequent tumor cell extravasation into distant organs. However, the nature of the glycoprotein scaffolds displaying these glycans in breast cancer remains unclear and constitutes the focus of the present investigation. METHODS We isolated glycoproteins that bind E-selectin from the CF1_T breast cancer cell line, derived from a patient with ductal carcinoma. Proteins were identified using bottom-up proteomics approach by nanoLC-orbitrap LTQ-MS/MS. Data were curated using bioinformatics tools to highlight clinically relevant glycoproteins, which were validated by flow cytometry, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and in-situ proximity ligation assays in clinical samples. RESULTS We observed that the CF1_T cell line expressed sLeX, but not sLeA and the E-selectin reactivity was mainly on N-glycans. MS and bioinformatics analysis of the targeted glycoproteins, when narrowed down to the most clinically relevant species in breast cancer, identified CD44 glycoprotein (HCELL) and CD13 as key E-selectin ligands. Additionally, the co-expression of sLeX-CD44 and sLeX-CD13 was confirmed in clinical breast cancer tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS Both CD44 and CD13 glycoforms display sLeX in breast cancer and bind E-selectin, suggesting a key role in metastasis development. Such observations provide a novel molecular rationale for developing targeted therapeutics. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE While HCELL expression in breast cancer has been previously reported, this is the first study indicating that CD13 functions as an E-selectin ligand in breast cancer. This observation supports previous associations of CD13 with metastasis and draws attention to this glycoprotein as an anti-cancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Carrascal
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Silva
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Departments of Dermatology and Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, and Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - J A Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Immunology, ICBAS-UP, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - D Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - A M N Silva
- REQUIMTE-LAQV/Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - D Ligeiro
- Centro de Sangue e Transplantação de Lisboa, Instituto Português de Sangue e Transplantação, IP, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L L Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - R Sackstein
- Departments of Dermatology and Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, and Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - P A Videira
- UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies-PPAIN), Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2820-287 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Carrascal MA, Silva M, Ramalho JS, Pen C, Martins M, Pascoal C, Amaral C, Serrano I, Oliveira MJ, Sackstein R, Videira PA. Inhibition of fucosylation in human invasive ductal carcinoma reduces E-selectin ligand expression, cell proliferation, and ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK activation. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:579-593. [PMID: 29215790 PMCID: PMC5928367 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer tissue overexpresses fucosylated glycans, such as sialyl-Lewis X/A (sLeX/A ), and α-1,3/4-fucosyltransferases (FUTs) in relation to increased disease progression and metastasis. These glycans in tumor circulating cells mediate binding to vascular E-selectin, initiating tumor extravasation. However, their role in breast carcinogenesis is still unknown. Here, we aimed to define the contribution of the fucosylated structures, including sLeX/A , to cell adhesion, cell signaling, and cell proliferation in invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC), the most frequent type of breast cancer. We first analyzed expression of E-selectin ligands in IDC tissue and established primary cell cultures from the tissue. We observed strong reactivity with E-selectin and anti-sLeX/A antibodies in both IDC tissue and cell lines, and expression of α-1,3/4 FUTs FUT4, FUT5, FUT6, FUT10, and FUT11. To further assess the role of fucosylation in IDC biology, we immortalized a primary IDC cell line with human telomerase reverse transcriptase to create the 'CF1_T cell line'. Treatment with 2-fluorofucose (2-FF), a fucosylation inhibitor, completely abrogated its sLeX/A expression and dramatically reduced adherence of CF1_T cells to E-selectin under hemodynamic flow conditions. In addition, 2-FF-treated CF1_T cells showed a reduced migratory ability, as well as decreased cell proliferation rate. Notably, 2-FF treatment lowered the growth factor expression of CF1_T cells, prominently for FGF2, vascular endothelial growth factor, and transforming growth factor beta, and negatively affected activation of signal-regulating protein kinases 1 and 2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. These data indicate that fucosylation licenses several malignant features of IDC, such as cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and growth factor expression, contributing to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène A. Carrascal
- UCIBIODepartamento Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
- CEDOCChronic Diseases Research CenterNOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
| | - Mariana Silva
- CEDOCChronic Diseases Research CenterNOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
- Departments of Dermatology and MedicineBrigham & Women's HospitalBostonMAUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolProgram of Excellence in GlycosciencesBostonMAUSA
| | - José S. Ramalho
- CEDOCChronic Diseases Research CenterNOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
| | - Cláudia Pen
- Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa CentralEPE – Serviço de Anatomia PatológicaLisbonPortugal
| | - Manuela Martins
- Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa CentralEPE – Serviço de Anatomia PatológicaLisbonPortugal
| | - Carlota Pascoal
- UCIBIODepartamento Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
| | - Constança Amaral
- UCIBIODepartamento Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
| | | | - Maria José Oliveira
- New Therapies GroupINEB‐Institute for Biomedical EngineeringPortoPortugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoPortugal
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Departments of Dermatology and MedicineBrigham & Women's HospitalBostonMAUSA
- Harvard Medical SchoolProgram of Excellence in GlycosciencesBostonMAUSA
| | - Paula A. Videira
- UCIBIODepartamento Ciências da VidaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
- CEDOCChronic Diseases Research CenterNOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Nova de LisboaPortugal
- CDG & Allies – PPAIN Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation Professionals and Patient Associations International NetworkCaparicaPortugal
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Peixoto A, Fernandes E, Gaiteiro C, Lima L, Azevedo R, Soares J, Cotton S, Parreira B, Neves M, Amaro T, Tavares A, Teixeira F, Palmeira C, Rangel M, Silva AMN, Reis CA, Santos LL, Oliveira MJ, Ferreira JA. Hypoxia enhances the malignant nature of bladder cancer cells and concomitantly antagonizes protein O-glycosylation extension. Oncotarget 2018; 7:63138-63157. [PMID: 27542232 PMCID: PMC5325352 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive bladder tumours express the cell-surface Sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen, which stems from a premature stop in protein O-glycosylation. The STn antigen favours invasion, immune escape, and possibly chemotherapy resistance, making it attractive for target therapeutics. However, the events leading to such deregulation in protein glycosylation are mostly unknown. Since hypoxia is a salient feature of advanced stage tumours, we searched into how it influences bladder cancer cells glycophenotype, with emphasis on STn expression. Therefore, three bladder cancer cell lines with distinct genetic and molecular backgrounds (T24, 5637 and HT1376) were submitted to hypoxia. To disclose HIF-1α-mediated events, experiments were also conducted in the presence of Deferoxamine Mesilate (Dfx), an inhibitor of HIF-1α proteasomal degradation. In both conditions all cell lines overexpressed HIF-1α and its transcriptionally-regulated protein CA-IX. This was accompanied by increased lactate biosynthesis, denoting a shift toward anaerobic metabolism. Concomitantly, T24 and 5637 cells acquired a more motile phenotype, consistent with their more mesenchymal characteristics. Moreover, hypoxia promoted STn antigen overexpression in all cell lines and enhanced the migration and invasion of those presenting more mesenchymal characteristics, in an HIF-1α-dependent manner. These effects were reversed by reoxygenation, demonstrating that oxygen affects O-glycan extension. Glycoproteomics studies highlighted that STn was mainly present in integrins and cadherins, suggesting a possible role for this glycan in adhesion, cell motility and invasion. The association between HIF-1α and STn overexpressions and tumour invasion was further confirmed in bladder cancer patient samples. In conclusion, STn overexpression may, in part, result from a HIF-1α mediated cell-survival strategy to adapt to the hypoxic challenge, favouring cell invasion. In addition, targeting STn-expressing glycoproteins may offer potential to treat tumour hypoxic niches harbouring more malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,New Therapies Group, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Biomaterials for Multistage Drug and Cell Delivery, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Janine Soares
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Cotton
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Parreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Neves
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresina Amaro
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Ana Tavares
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Filipe Teixeira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Palmeira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Health School of University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Rangel
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - André M N Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Health School of University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Oliveira
- New Therapies Group, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
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Severino PF, Silva M, Carrascal M, Malagolini N, Chiricolo M, Venturi G, Barbaro Forleo R, Astolfi A, Catera M, Videira PA, Dall'Olio F. Oxidative damage and response to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in bladder cancer cells expressing sialyltransferase ST3GAL1. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:198. [PMID: 29454317 PMCID: PMC5816560 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the gold standard adjuvant immunotherapy of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), although it fails in one third of the patients. NMIBC expresses two tumor-associated O-linked carbohydrates: the disaccharide (Galβ1,3GalNAc) Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) antigen, and its sialylated counterpart (Siaα2,3Galβ1,3GalNAc) sialyl-T (sT), synthesized by sialyltransferase ST3GAL1, whose roles in BCG response are unknown. Methods The human bladder cancer (BC) cell line HT1376 strongly expressing the T antigen, was retrovirally transduced with the ST3GAL1 cDNA or with an empty vector, yielding the cell lines HT1376sT and HT1376T, that express, respectively, either the sT or the T antigens. Cells were in vitro challenged with BCG. Whole gene expression was studied by microarray technology, cytokine secretion was measured by multiplex immune-beads assay. Human macrophages derived from blood monocytes were challenged with the secretome of BCG-challenged BC cells. Results The secretome from BCG-challenged HT1376sT cells induced a stronger macrophage secretion of IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα and IL-10 than that of HT1376T cells. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that ST3GAL1 overexpression and T/sT replacement modulated hundreds of genes. Several genes preserving genomic stability were down-regulated in HT1376sT cells which, as a consequence, displayed increased sensitivity to oxidative damage. After BCG challenge, the transcriptome of HT1376sT cells showed higher susceptibility to BCG modulation than that of HT1376T cells. Conclusions High ST3GAL1 expression and T/sT replacement in BCG challenged-BC cancer cells induce a stronger macrophage response and alter the gene expression towards genomic instability, indicating a potential impact on BC biology and patient’s response to BCG. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4107-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo F Severino
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal.,Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariana Silva
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mylene Carrascal
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nadia Malagolini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariella Chiricolo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Venturi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Barbaro Forleo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Astolfi
- Centro Interdipartimentale Ricerche sul Cancro "Giorgio Prodi", Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariangela Catera
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paula A Videira
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisbon, Portugal. .,UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Fabio Dall'Olio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Via S. Giacomo 14, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
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Bai Q, Liu L, Xi W, Wang J, Xia Y, Qu Y, Xiong Y, Long Q, Xu J, Guo J. Prognostic significance of ST6GalNAc-1 expression in patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:3112-3120. [PMID: 29423033 PMCID: PMC5790450 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sialyltransferase ST6GalNAc-1 is highly expressed in tumor cells and associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of sialyltransferase ST6GalNAc-1 in patients with non-metastatic ccRCC. RESULTS High expression of ST6GalNAc-1 in tumor tissue was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (p<0.001) and recurrence free survival (p<0.001) in multivariate analysis. The nomograms could give better prediction for overall survival and recurrence free survival in ccRCC patients. METHODS 264 patients diagnosed with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma were enrolled in the present study. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on tissue microarrays to evaluate the intratumoral ST6GalNAc-1 expression. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model were applied to assess the prognostic value of ST6GalNAc-1. Nomograms were generated to refine individual risk stratification in ccRCC patients. CONCLUSION ST6GalNAc-1 was an independent adverse prognostic factor for both overall survival and recurrence free survival in patients with non-metastatic ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Bai
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Xi
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qilai Long
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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41
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In silico approaches for unveiling novel glycobiomarkers in cancer. J Proteomics 2018; 171:95-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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42
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Lavrsen K, Dabelsteen S, Vakhrushev SY, Levann AMR, Haue AD, Dylander A, Mandel U, Hansen L, Frödin M, Bennett EP, Wandall HH. De novo expression of human polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 (GalNAc-T6) in colon adenocarcinoma inhibits the differentiation of colonic epithelium. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:1298-1314. [PMID: 29187600 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.812826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of O-glycans is a hallmark of epithelial cancers. Mucin-type O-glycosylation is initiated by a large family of UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-Ts) that target different proteins and are differentially expressed in cells and organs. Here, we investigated the expression patterns of all of the GalNAc-Ts in colon cancer by analyzing transcriptomic data. We found that GalNAc-T6 was highly up-regulated in colon adenocarcinomas but absent in normal-appearing adjacent colon tissue. These results were verified by immunohistochemistry, suggesting that GalNAc-T6 plays a role in colon carcinogenesis. To investigate the function of GalNAc-T6 in colon cancer, we used precise gene targeting to produce isogenic colon cancer cell lines with a knockout/rescue system for GALNT6 GalNAc-T6 expression was associated with a cancer-like, dysplastic growth pattern, whereas GALNT6 knockout cells showed a more normal differentiation pattern, reduced proliferation, normalized cell-cell adhesion, and formation of crypts in tissue cultures. O-Glycoproteomic analysis of the engineered cell lines identified a small set of GalNAc-T6-specific targets, suggesting that this isoform has unique cellular functions. In support of this notion, the genetically and functionally closely related GalNAc-T3 homolog did not show compensatory functionality for effects observed for GalNAc-T6. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that aberrant GalNAc-T6 expression and site-specific glycosylation is involved in oncogenic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstine Lavrsen
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Sally Dabelsteen
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Sergey Y Vakhrushev
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Asha M R Levann
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Amalie Dahl Haue
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - August Dylander
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Ulla Mandel
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Lars Hansen
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Morten Frödin
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, DK 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Eric P Bennett
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
| | - Hans H Wandall
- From the Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, and
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Ogawa T, Hirohashi Y, Murai A, Nishidate T, Okita K, Wang L, Ikehara Y, Satoyoshi T, Usui A, Kubo T, Nakastugawa M, Kanaseki T, Tsukahara T, Kutomi G, Furuhata T, Hirata K, Sato N, Mizuguchi T, Takemasa I, Torigoe T. ST6GALNAC1 plays important roles in enhancing cancer stem phenotypes of colorectal cancer via the Akt pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112550-112564. [PMID: 29348846 PMCID: PMC5762531 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a mortal disease due to treatment resistance, recurrence and distant metastasis. Emerging evidence has revealed that a small sub-population of cancer cells termed cancer stem cells (CSCs)/ cancer-initiating cells (CICs) is endowed with high levels of tumor-initiating ability, self-renewal ability and differentiation ability and is responsible for treatment resistance, recurrence and distant metastasis. Eradication of CSCs/CICs is essential to improve current treatments. However, the molecular mechanisms by which CSCs/CICs are maintained are still elusive. In this study, we aimed to determine the molecular mechanisms by which colorectal (CR)-CSCs/CICs in are maintained human primary CRC cells. CR-CSCs/CICs were isolated by sphere-culture and the ALDEFLUOR assay, and transcriptome analysis revealed that the gene ST6 N-Acetylgalactosaminide Alpha-2,6-Sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GALNAC1) was expressed at high levels in CR-CSCs/CICs. Overexpression of ST6GALNAC1 enhanced the expression of sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen, which is carried by the CSC marker CD44, and increased the sphere-forming ability and resistance to a chemotherapeutic reagent. The opposite phenomena were observed by gene knockdown using siRNA. Furthermore, the Akt pathway was activated in ST6GANAC1-overexpressed cells, and activation of the pathway was cancelled by gene knockdown of galectin-3. The results indicate that ST6GALNAC1 has a role in the maintenance of CR-CSCs/CICs by activating the Akt pathway in cooperation with galectin-3 and that ST6GalNAC1 (or STn antigen) might be a reasonable molecule for CSC/CIC-targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirohashi
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Aiko Murai
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Nishidate
- Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Kenji Okita
- Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Ikehara
- The Molecular Medicine Team, Research Center for Medical Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
| | - Tetsuta Satoyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Akihiro Usui
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Terufumi Kubo
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Munehide Nakastugawa
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanaseki
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tsukahara
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Goro Kutomi
- Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Furuhata
- Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Koichi Hirata
- Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Sato
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Toru Mizuguchi
- Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takemasa
- Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Torigoe
- Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-Ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
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Azevedo R, Peixoto A, Gaiteiro C, Fernandes E, Neves M, Lima L, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Over forty years of bladder cancer glycobiology: Where do glycans stand facing precision oncology? Oncotarget 2017; 8:91734-91764. [PMID: 29207682 PMCID: PMC5710962 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The high molecular heterogeneity of bladder tumours is responsible for significant variations in disease course, as well as elevated recurrence and progression rates, thereby hampering the introduction of more effective targeted therapeutics. The implementation of precision oncology settings supported by robust molecular models for individualization of patient management is warranted. This effort requires a comprehensive integration of large sets of panomics data that is yet to be fully achieved. Contributing to this goal, over 40 years of bladder cancer glycobiology have disclosed a plethora of cancer-specific glycans and glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, glycolipids, proteoglycans) accompanying disease progressions and dissemination. This review comprehensively addresses the main structural findings in the field and consequent biological and clinical implications. Given the cell surface and secreted nature of these molecules, we further discuss their potential for non-invasive detection and therapeutic development. Moreover, we highlight novel mass-spectrometry-based high-throughput analytical and bioinformatics tools to interrogate the glycome in the postgenomic era. Ultimately, we outline a roadmap to guide future developments in glycomics envisaging clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- New Therapies Group, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Biomaterials for Multistage Drug and Cell Delivery, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Neves
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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45
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Lima L, Neves M, Oliveira MI, Dieguez L, Freitas R, Azevedo R, Gaiteiro C, Soares J, Ferreira D, Peixoto A, Fernandes E, Montezuma D, Tavares A, Ribeiro R, Castro A, Oliveira M, Fraga A, Reis CA, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Sialyl-Tn identifies muscle-invasive bladder cancer basal and luminal subtypes facing decreased survival, being expressed by circulating tumor cells and metastases. Urol Oncol 2017; 35:675.e1-675.e8. [PMID: 28911924 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the potential of sialyl-Tn (STn), a cancer-associated glycan antigen present in membrane glycoproteins, to improve a recent molecular model for stratification and prognostication of advanced stage bladder tumors based on keratins (KRT14, 5, and 20) expression. In addition, determine the association between STn and disease dissemination based on the evaluation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and the metastasis, which is a critical matter to improve patient management. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective series of 80 muscle-invasive primary bladder tumors and associated metastasis were screened for KRT14, 5, and 20 and STn by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Peripheral blood was collected in a patients' subset, CTCs were isolated through a size-based microfluidic chip and screened for KRTs and STn. RESULTS Basal-like lesions presented worse cancer-specific and disease-free survival compared to luminal tumors. STn antigen inclusion discriminated patients with worst survival in each subgroup (P = 0.047 for luminal; P = 0.027 for basal-like tumors). STn expression in CTCs and distant metastasis was also demonstrated. CONCLUSION This work reinforces the potential of the KRT-based model for bladder cancer management and the association of STn with aggressiveness, supporting its inclusion in predictive molecular models toward patient-tailored precision medicine. Moreover, we describe for the first time that CTCs and the metastasis present a basal phenotype and express the STn antigen, highlighting its link with disease dissemination. Future studies should focus on determining the biological and clinical significance of these observations in the context of liquid biopsies. Given the membrane nature of STn, highly specific targeted therapeutics may also be envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Manuel Neves
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta I Oliveira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Lorena Dieguez
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Rui Freitas
- Department of Urology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Janine Soares
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dylan Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; New Therapies Group, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Biomaterials for Multistage Drug and Cell Delivery, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diana Montezuma
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Tavares
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Tumour and Microenvironment Interactions, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Clinical Pathology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Molecular Oncology Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Castro
- Department of Medical Oncology, Porto Hospital Centre, Hospital of Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Oliveira
- Department of Urology, Porto Hospital Centre, Hospital of Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Avelino Fraga
- Department of Urology, Porto Hospital Centre, Hospital of Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Health School of University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal; Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal; Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Glycobiology in Cancer, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal.
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46
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Severino PF, Silva M, Carrascal M, Malagolini N, Chiricolo M, Venturi G, Astolfi A, Catera M, Videira PA, Dall'Olio F. Expression of sialyl-Tn sugar antigen in bladder cancer cells affects response to Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) and to oxidative damage. Oncotarget 2017; 8:54506-54517. [PMID: 28903359 PMCID: PMC5589598 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The sialyl-Tn (sTn) antigen is an O-linked carbohydrate chain aberrantly expressed in bladder cancer (BC), whose biosynthesis is mainly controlled by the sialyltransferase ST6GALNAC1. Treatment with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the most effective adjuvant immunotherapy for superficial BC but one third of the patients fail to respond. A poorly understood correlation between the expression of sTn and BC patient's response to BCG was previously observed. By analyzing tumor tissues, we showed that patients with high ST6GALNAC1 and IL-6 mRNA expression were BCG responders. To investigate the role of sTn in BC cell biology and BCG response, we established the cell lines MCRsTn and MCRNc by retroviral transduction of the BC cell line MCR with the ST6GALNAC1 cDNA or with an empty vector, respectively. Compared with MCRNc, BCG-stimulated MCRsTn secreted higher levels of IL-6 and IL-8 and their secretome induced a stronger IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα secretion by macrophages, suggesting the induction of a stronger inflammatory response. Transcriptomic analysis of MCRNc and MCRsTn revealed that ST6GALNAC1/sTn expression modulates hundreds of genes towards a putative more malignant phenotype and down-regulates several genes maintaining genomic stability. Consistently, MCRsTn cells displayed higher H2O2 sensitivity. In MCRsTn,, BCG challenge induced an increased expression of several regulatory non coding RNA genes. These results indicate that the expression of ST6GALNAC1/sTn improves the response to BCG therapy by inducing a stronger macrophage response and alters gene expression towards malignancy and genomic instability, increasing the sensitivity of BC cells to the oxidizing agents released by BCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo F Severino
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariana Silva
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mylene Carrascal
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nadia Malagolini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariella Chiricolo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Venturi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Astolfi
- Centro Interdipartimentale Ricerche sul Cancro "Giorgio Prodi", Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariangela Catera
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paula A Videira
- Centro de Estudos de Doenças Crónicas, CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,UCIBIO, Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fabio Dall'Olio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale, Sede di Patologia Generale, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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47
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Cotton S, Azevedo R, Gaiteiro C, Ferreira D, Lima L, Peixoto A, Fernandes E, Neves M, Neves D, Amaro T, Cruz R, Tavares A, Rangel M, Silva AMN, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Targeted O-glycoproteomics explored increased sialylation and identified MUC16 as a poor prognosis biomarker in advanced-stage bladder tumours. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:895-912. [PMID: 28156048 PMCID: PMC5537688 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder carcinogenesis and tumour progression is accompanied by profound alterations in protein glycosylation on the cell surface, which may be explored for improving disease management. In a search for prognosis biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets we have screened, using immunohistochemistry, a series of bladder tumours with differing clinicopathology for short-chain O-glycans commonly found in glycoproteins of human solid tumours. These included the Tn and T antigens and their sialylated counterparts sialyl-Tn(STn) and sialyl-T(ST), which are generally associated with poor prognosis. We have also explored the nature of T antigen sialylation, namely the sialyl-3-T(S3T) and sialyl-6-T(S6T) sialoforms, based on combinations of enzymatic treatments. We observed a predominance of sialoglycans over neutral glycoforms (Tn and T antigens) in bladder tumours. In particular, the STn antigen was associated with high-grade disease and muscle invasion, in accordance with our previous observations. The S3T and S6T antigens were detected for the first time in bladder tumours, but not in healthy urothelia, highlighting their cancer-specific nature. These glycans were also overexpressed in advanced lesions, especially in cases showing muscle invasion. Glycoproteomic analyses of advanced bladder tumours based on enzymatic treatments, Vicia villosa lectin-affinity chromatography enrichment and nanoLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis resulted in the identification of several key cancer-associated glycoproteins (MUC16, CD44, integrins) carrying altered glycosylation. Of particular interest were MUC16 STn+ -glycoforms, characteristic of ovarian cancers, which were found in a subset of advanced-stage bladder tumours facing the worst prognosis. In summary, significant alterations in the O-glycome and O-glycoproteome of bladder tumours hold promise for the development of novel noninvasive diagnostic tools and targeted therapeutics. Furthermore, abnormal MUC16 glycoforms hold potential as surrogate biomarkers of poor prognosis and unique molecular signatures for designing highly specific targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Cotton
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dylan Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Neves
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo Neves
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresina Amaro
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Cruz
- Department of Urology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Tavares
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Rangel
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - André M N Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Health School of University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Portugal
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Protein glycosylation in gastric and colorectal cancers: Toward cancer detection and targeted therapeutics. Cancer Lett 2017; 387:32-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Santos SN, Junqueira MS, Francisco G, Vilanova M, Magalhães A, Baruffi MD, Chammas R, Harris AL, Reis CA, Bernardes ES. O-glycan sialylation alters galectin-3 subcellular localization and decreases chemotherapy sensitivity in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:83570-83587. [PMID: 27835877 PMCID: PMC5347789 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ST6GalNAc-I, the sialyltransferase responsible for sialyl-Tn (sTn) synthesis, has been previously reported to be positively associated with cancer aggressiveness. Here we describe a novel sTn-dependent mechanism for chemotherapeutic resistance. We show that sTn protects cancer cells against chemotherapeutic-induced cell death by decreasing the interaction of cell surface glycan receptors with galectin-3 and increasing its intracellular accumulation. Moreover, exogenously added galectin-3 potentiated the chemotherapeutics-induced cytotoxicity in sTn non-expressing cells, while sTn overexpressing cells were protected. We also found that the expression of sTn was associated with a reduction in galectin-3-binding sites in human gastric samples tumors. ST6GalNAc-I knockdown restored galectin-3-binding sites on the cell surface and chemotherapeutics sensibility. Our results clearly demonstrate that an interruption of O-glycans extension caused by ST6GalNAc-I enzymatic activity leads to tumor cells resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, highlighting the need for the development of novel strategies to target galectin-3 and/or ST6GalNAc-I.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/genetics
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Blood Proteins
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Galectin 3/metabolism
- Galectins
- Glycosylation
- Humans
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Protein Transport
- RNA Interference
- Sialyltransferases/genetics
- Sialyltransferases/metabolism
- Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Stomach Neoplasms/genetics
- Stomach Neoplasms/metabolism
- Stomach Neoplasms/pathology
- Time Factors
- Transfection
- Tumor Burden
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia N. Santos
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Nuclear Energy Research Institute, Radiopharmacy Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mara S. Junqueira
- Department of Center for Translational Oncology Cellular, Biology Group, Center for Translational Oncology, Cancer Institute of the State of Sao Paulo-ICESP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Francisco
- Department of Center for Translational Oncology Cellular, Biology Group, Center for Translational Oncology, Cancer Institute of the State of Sao Paulo-ICESP, Brazil
| | - Manuel Vilanova
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- IBMC Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-UP – Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Magalhães
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- Department of Glycobiology in Cancer, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology from the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Dias Baruffi
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculdade de Ciências Farmaceuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roger Chammas
- Department of Center for Translational Oncology Cellular, Biology Group, Center for Translational Oncology, Cancer Institute of the State of Sao Paulo-ICESP, Brazil
| | - Adrian L. Harris
- Department of Medical Oncology, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Celso A. Reis
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-UP – Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Glycobiology in Cancer, IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology from the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Emerson S. Bernardes
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Nuclear Energy Research Institute, Radiopharmacy Center, São Paulo, Brazil
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The promise of protein glycosylation for personalised medicine. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1583-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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