A combined experimental and theoretical approach for structural, spectroscopic, NLO, NBO, thermal and photophysical studies of new fluorescent 5-amino-1-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbonitrile using density functional theory

Minimum-Run Resolution IV Design for Optimized Bio Removal of Fe2+ Using Enteromorpha intestinalis Aqueous Extract and Its Extract-Coated Silver Nanoparticles

Biosorbents have demonstrated considerable potential for the remediation of metals in aqueous environments. An aqueous extract of Enteromorpha intestinalis L. (EiE) and its extract-coated silver nanoparticles have been prepared and employed for the removal of iron. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), and zeta potential were employed to characterize the prepared biosorbents. The adsorption properties of the biosorbents were investigated in batch experiments, with a range of factors taken into account, including pH, contact time, initial ion concentrations, biosorbent dosage, and temperature. A minimum-run resolution IV design (MRR-IV) was developed with the objective of optimizing the removal efficiency. The mechanisms of adsorption were investigated using both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Kinetic studies were conducted using the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models. A variety of active constituents, including organic acids, lipids, alcohols, and terpenes, were identified through the use of GC-MS, with the findings supported by FTIR spectra. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the nanoparticle size ranged from 5 to 44 nm, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated a high degree of crystallinity. A screening study employing the MRR-IV methodology, facilitated by the Design-Experiment, Ver 13., indicates that three factors exert a considerable influence on the biosorption process. The study demonstrated that the biosorption mechanism is pH-dependent, with an optimal pH of 5. The adsorption performance was found to follow Freundlich isothermal models and pseudo-first-order kinetics.

Absorption wavelength (TD-DFT) and adsorption of metal chalcogen clusters with methyl nicotinate: Structural, electronic, IRI, SERS, pharmacological and antiviral studies (HIV and omicron)

The DFT B3LYP-LAND2DZ technique is used to examine interactions of Methyl nicotinate with copper selenide and zinc selenide clusters. The existence of reactive sites is determined using ESP maps and Fukui data. The energy variations between HOMO and LUMO are utilised to calculate various energy parameters. The Atoms in Molecules and ELF (Electron Localisation Function) maps are employed to investigate the topology of the molecule. The Interaction Region Indicator is used to determine the existence of non-covalent zones in the molecule. The UV-Vis spectrum using the TD-DFT method and DOS graphs are used to obtain the theoretical determination of electronic transition and properties. Structural analysis of the compound is obtained using theoretical IR spectra. To explore the adsorption of copper selenide and zinc selenide clusters on the Methyl nicotinate, the adsorption energy and theoretical SERS spectra are employed. Furthermore, pharmacological investigations are carried out to confirm the drug's non-toxicity. The compound's antiviral efficacy against HIV and Omicron is demonstrated via protein-ligand docking.

A Mixed Heavier Si=Ge Analogue of a Vinyl Anion

The versatile reactivities of disilenides and digermenide, heavier analogues of vinyl anions, have significantly expanded the pool of silicon and germanium compounds with various unexpected structural motifs in the past two decades. We now report the synthesis and isolation of a cyclic heteronuclear vinyl anion analogue with a Si=Ge bond, potassium silagermenide as stable thf-solvate and 18-c-6 solvate by the KC8 reduction of germylene or digermene precursors. Its suitability as synthon for the synthesis of functional silagermenes is proven by the reactions with chlorosilane and chlorophospane to yield the corresponding silyl- and phosphanyl-silagermenes. X-ray crystallographic analysis, UV/Vis spectroscopy and DFT calculations revealed a significant degree of π-conjugation between N=C and Si=Ge double bonds in the title compound.

Theoretical and Spectroscopic Characterization of API-Related Azoles in Solution and in Solid State

Azoles are a family of five-membered azacyclic compounds with relevant biological and pharmacological activity. Different subclasses of azoles are defined depending on the atomic arrangement and the number of nitrogen atoms present in the ring: pyrazoles, indazoles, imidazoles, benzimidazoles, triazoles, benzotriazoles, tetrazoles and pentazoles. The complete characterization of their structure and the knowledge about their crystal packing and physical and chemical properties are of vital importance for the advancement in the design of new azole-containing drugs. In this review, we report the latest recent contributions to azole chemistry, in particular, those in which theoretical studies have been performed.

Mechanistic investigation of molecular geometry, intermolecular interactions and spectroscopic properties of pyridinium nitrate

The molecular structure, vibrational frequencies of the fundamental modes and electronic transitions of the ionic liquid pyridinium nitrate ([H-Pyr]⁺[NO₃]^-) have been determined by means of density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-311++G (2d,2p) level. The chemical bonds nature and the intermolecular interactions in the title compound were investigated using the Quantum theory of atoms in molecules and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Natural bond orbital analysis has been performed in order to elucidate the hybridization and delocalization of electron density within the ion pair [H-Pyr]⁺[NO₃]^-. A detailed vibrational spectral analysis was carried out and the assignments of the observed bands have been proposed on the basis of potential energy distribution. A good correlation between experimental and theoretical IR frequencies was observed. To study the charge transfers occurred in the title molecule, UV-vis analysis was conducted.