Structural features of 7-methoxy-5-methyl-2-(pyridin-3-yl)-11,12-dihydro-5,11-methano[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- c ][1,3,5]benzoxadiazocine: Experimental and theoretical (HF and DFT) studies, surface properties (MEP, Hirshfeld)

Discovery of pyridazinone derivatives bearing tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine scaffold as potent inhibitors of transient receptor potential canonical 5 to ameliorate hypertension-induced renal injury in rats

Transient receptor potential canonical 5 (TRPC5) is a calcium-permeable non-selective cation channel involved in various pathophysiological processes, including renal injury. Recently, GFB-887, an investigational pyridazinone TRPC5 inhibitor, demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in a Phase II clinical trial for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), a rare and severe form of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In the current study, based on the structure of GFB-887, we conducted extensive structural modification to explore novel TRPC5 inhibitors with desirable drug-like properties and robust nephroprotective efficacy. A series of pyridazinone derivatives featuring a novel tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine scaffold were synthesized and their activities were evaluated in HEK-293 cells stably expressing TRPC5 using a fluorescence-based Ca2+ mobilization assay. Among these compounds, compound 12 is turned out to be a potent TRPC5 inhibitor with apparent affinity comparable to the parent compound GBF-887. Compound 12 is highly selective on TRPC4/5 over TRPC3/6/7 and hERG channels, along with acceptable pharmacokinetic properties and a favorable safety profile. More importantly, in a rat model of hypertension-induced renal injury, oral administration of compound 12 (10 mg/kg, BID) efficaciously reduced mean blood pressure, inhibited proteinuria, and protected podocyte damage. These findings further confirmed the potential of TRPC5 inhibitors on the CKD treatment and provided compound 12 to be a valuable tool for exploring TRPC4/5 pathophysiology.

Schiff baseAlkyne precursor for1,2,3-Triazole functionalized organosiliconas a PotentialSensor for Zn(II)andAntioxidantActivity

Schiff base linked1,2,3-triazole silane5has been synthesized through the Schiff base terminated alkyne with azido via click chemistry,the compound4 structure elucidated through X-ray crystallography, and the compound5 is well characterized through different techniques such asFT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR and Mass spectrometry. UV-visible sensing studies of synthesized compounds4 and5 have been performed, and both are efficient in detectingZn(II) ion, but compound 5 has imparted a higher mode of attraction to Zn(II) with limit of detection (LOD) value (1.4 x 10-6M) wherethe compound 4 is calculated to be (1.25 x 10-5M). By Job's method, the stoichiometric ratio of compound5 and Zn(II) iscalculated to bea 1:1 ratio. The complex of compound 5 with Zn(II) was prepared. A radical and oxidative species are responsible for the deteriorating of stabilized molecules. The synthesized compound 5hasantioxidant propertiesthat can potentially scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. Further to verify the mode of binding interaction between compound 5andZn(II), computational Density functional theory (DFT) study was evaluated.

PTK6: An emerging biomarker for prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in clear cell renal carcinoma (KIRC)

Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), one of the most prevalent form of kidney carcinoma, is highly aggressive cancer known for significant immune infiltration and high mortality rates. The absence of sensitivity to traditional therapy has spurred the search for new treatments. Protein Tyrosine Kinase 6 (PTK6) is implicated in promoting cancer growth, spread, and metastasis. Our review of The Cancer Genome Atlas database revealed PTK6 overexpression in KIRC, though its specific role in this cancer type was unclear. We investigated PTK6's cancer-promoting roles in KIRC using the database and confirmed our findings with patient-derived tissues. Our analysis showed that elevated PTK6 expression is linked to worse outcomes and higher levels of immune infiltration. It also correlates positively with neo-antigens (NEO) and DNA ploidy changes in KIRC. This research delves into PTK6's role in KIRC development, suggesting PTK6 as a possible biomarker for prognosis and treatment in KIRC.

Role of donors in triggering second order non-linear optical properties of non-fullerene FCO-2FR1 based derivatives: A theoretical perspective

The organic compounds are known as an emerging class in the field of nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. In this paper, D-π-A configured oxygen containing organic chromophores (FD2-FD6) were designed by incorporating various donors in the chemical structure of FCO-2FR1. This work is also inspired by the feasibility of FCO-2FR1 as an efficient solar cell. Theoretical approach involving DFT functional i.e., B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) was utilized to achieve useful information regarding their electronic, structural, chemical and photonic properties. The structural modifications revealed significant electronic contribution in designing HOMOs and LUMOs for the derivatives with lowered energy gaps. The lowest HOMO-LUMO band gap obtained was 1.223 eV for FD2 compound in comparison to the reference molecule (FCO-2FR1) i.e., 2.053 eV. Moreover, the DFT findings revealed that the end-capped substituents play a key role in enhancing the NLO response of these push-pull chromophores. The UV-Vis spectra of tailored molecules revealed larger λ _max values than the reference compound. Furthermore, strong intramolecular interactions showed the highest stabilization energy (28.40 kcal mol^-1) for FD2 in the natural bond orbitals (NBOs) transitions, combined with the least binding energy (-0.432 eV). Successfully, the NLO results were favorable for the same chromophore (FD2) which showed the highest value for dipole moment (μ _tot = 20.049 D) and first hyper-polarizability (β _tot = 11.22 × 10^-27 esu). Similarly, the largest value for linear polarizability ⟨α⟩ was obtained as 2.936 × 10^-22 esu for FD3 compound. Overall, the designed compounds were calculated with greater NLO values as compared to FCO-2FR1. The current study may provoke the researchers towards designing of highly efficient NLO materials via using the suitable organic linking species.

Synthesis, structural, spectral, antioxidant, bioactivity and molecular docking investigations of a novel triazole derivative

The structural, spectroscopic and electronic properties of 4-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(pyridin-3-yl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione have been analyzed by using single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), ¹H and ¹³C NMR chemical shifts and FT-IR spectroscopic methods both theoretically and experimentally. The tautomeric (thiol and thione) energetic analysis results, structural optimization parameters (bond lengths and angles), vibrational wavenumbers, proton and carbon NMR chemical shifts, UV-Vis. parameters, the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) analyses and Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) surface have been calculated by using DFT/B3LYP quantum chemical method with 6-311++G(2d,2p) basis set to compare with the experimental results. The computed geometry parameters, vibrational wavenumbers, and NMR chemical shifts have been in good agreement with the experimental results. It should be noted that the radical scavenging activities of the title compound have been evaluated by using different test methods i.e. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DMPD) and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS). According to obtained results, the title compound displayed DPPH (SC₅₀ 19.42 ± 0.11 μg/mL), DMPD (SC₅₀ 21.13 ± 0.08 μg/mL) and ABTS (SC₅₀ 38.17 ± 0.25 μg/mL) scavenging activities. Also, these results have been compared with Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), Rutin (RUT) and Trolox (TRO) used as standard compounds. The physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity features of the compound have been determined by using drug-likeness and in silico ADMET investigations. The interaction results with SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M^pro) of the title ligand compound have been analyzed via the help of molecular docking study.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Vinyl Phosphate-Functionalized, Magnetic, Molecularly-Imprinted Polymeric Microspheres' Enrichment and Carbon Dots' Fluorescence-Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues

The rapid detection of organophosphorus pesticide residues in food is crucial to food safety. One type of novel, magnetic, molecularly-imprinted polymeric microsphere (MMIP) was prepared with vinyl phosphate and 1-octadecene as a collection of dual functional monomers, which were screened by Gaussian09W molecular simulation. MMIPs were used to enrich organic phosphorus, which then detected by fluorescence quenching in vinyl phosphate-modified carbon dots (CDs@VPA) originated from anhydrous citric acid. MMIPs and CDs@VPA were characterized by TEM, particle size analysis, FT-IR, VSM, XPS, adsorption experiments, and fluorescence spectrophotometry in turn. Through the fitting data from experiment and Gaussian quantum chemical calculations, the molecular recognition properties and the mechanism of fluorescence detection between organophosphorus pesticides and CDs@VPA were also investigated. The results indicated that the MMIPs could specifically recognize and enrich triazophos with the saturated adsorption capacity 0.226 mmol g^-1, the imprinting factor 4.59, and the limit of recognition as low as 0.0006 mmol L^-1. Under optimal conditions, the CDs@VPA sensor has shown an extensive fluorescence property with a LOD of 0.0015 mmol L^-1 and the linear range from 0.0035 mmol L^-1 to 0.20 mmol L^-1 (R² = 0.9988) at 390 nm. The mechanism of fluorescence detection of organic phosphorus with CDs@VPA sensor might be attributable to hydrogen bonds formed between heteroatom O, N, S, or P, and the O-H group, which led to fluorescent quenching. Meanwhile, HN-C=O and Si-O groups in CDs@VPA system might contribute to cause excellent blue photoluminescence. The fluorescence sensor was thorough successfully employed to the detection of triazophos in cucumber samples, illustrating its tremendous value towards food sample analysis in complex matrix.

Facile Synthesis of a Polycatenane Compound Based on Ag-triazole Complexes and Phosphomolybdic Acid for the Catalytic Epoxidation of Olefins with Molecular Oxygen

A simple and efficient approach was developed for synthesizing a metal-organic polycatenated compound composed of Ag-triazole complexes and phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) clusters. The hybrid compound, namely {[Ag2(trz)2] [Ag24(trz)18]}[PMo12O40]2 (1) (trz = 1,2,4-triazole), showed high catalytic activity, selectivity and recyclability for the epoxidation of olefins with molecular oxygen as the oxidant and isobutyraldehyde as the co-reagent, and could even work well under ambient conditions. The special polycatenane framework, formed by interlocking [Ag24(trz)18]6+ nanocages, provides suitable space for filling the PMA clusters. The existence of multi-interactions, including π-π stacking, Ag-Ag interactions, and electrostatic interactions, should play a determinative role in fabricating the catalytically active and stable PMA-based polycatenane catalyst for aerobic epoxidation of olefins.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of two 5,11-methano-benzo[g][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c][1,3,5]oxa-diazo-cine derivatives

In the title compounds, 9-bromo-2,5-dimethyl-11,12-di-hydro-5H-5,11-methano-benzo[g][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c][1,3,5]oxa-diazo-cine, C13H13BrN4O (I), and 7-meth-oxy-5-methyl-2-(pyridin-4-yl)-11,12-di-hydro-5H-5,11-methano-benzo[g][1,2,4]tri-azolo[1,5-c][1,3,5]oxa-diazo-cine, C18H17N5O2 (II), the triazole ring is inclined to the benzene ring by 85.15 (9) and 76.98 (5)° in compounds I and II, respectively. In II, the pyridine ring is almost coplanar with the triazole ring, having a dihedral angle of 4.19 (8)°. In the crystal of I, pairs of N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules to form inversion dimers with an R 2 2(8) ring motif. The dimers are linked by C-H⋯π and C-Br⋯π inter-actions forming layers parallel to the bc plane. In the crystal of II, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯N and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming chains propagating along the b-axis direction. The inter-molecular inter-actions were investigated using Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots, and the mol-ecular electrostatic potential surface was also analysed. The Hirshfeld surface analysis of I suggests that the most significant contributions to the crystal packing are H⋯H (42.4%) and O⋯H/H⋯O (17.9%) contacts. For compound II, the H⋯H (48.5%), C⋯H/H⋯C (19.6%) and N⋯H/H⋯N (16.9%) inter-actions are the most important contributions.

Synthesis, crystal structure, spectroscopic features and Hirshfeld surfaces of 2-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-phen-yl)carbamo-yl]phenyl acetate

The title compound, C17H17NO3, was synthesized, characterized by IR spectroscopy and its crystal structure was determined from single-crystal diffraction data. The asymmetric unit contains two mol-ecules, which adopt different conformations. In one mol-ecule, the acet-oxy and the terminal 2-methyl-phenyl groups are positioned on opposite sides of the plane formed by the central benzene ring, whereas in the other mol-ecule they lie on the same side of this plane. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked through strong N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into chains along [010]. Hirshfeld surface analysis and fingerprint plots were used to investigate the inter-molecular inter-actions in the solid state.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (E)-1-[(4,7-di-methyl-quinolin-2-yl)methyl-idene]semicarbazide dihydrate

In the title compound, C13H14N4O·2H2O, the organic mol-ecule is almost planar. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯O, N-H⋯O and O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional network parallel to (10). Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots indicate that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H (55.4%), H⋯O/O⋯H (14.8%), H⋯C/C⋯H (11.7%) and H⋯N/N⋯H (8.3%) inter-actions.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of tetra-aqua-bis-(isonicotinamide-κN 1)nickel(II) fumarate

The reaction of NiCl2 with fumaric acid and isonicotinamide in a basic solution produces the title complex, [Ni(C6H6N2O)2(H2O)4](C4H2O4). The nickel(II) ion of the complex cation and the fumarate anion are each located on an inversion centre. The NiII ion is coordinated octa-hedrally by four water O atoms and two N atoms of isonicotinamide mol-ecules. The fumarate anion is linked to neighbouring complex cations via Owater-H⋯Ofumarate hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, the complex cations are further linked by O-H⋯O, N-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional supra-molecular architecture. Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots were used to analyse the inter-molecular inter-actions present in the crystal and indicate that the most important contributions for the crystal packing are from H⋯O/O⋯H (41.8%), H⋯H (35.3%) and H⋯C/C⋯H (10.2%) inter-actions.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis and of 2-ammoniumylmeth-yl-1H-benzimidazol-3-ium chloride monohydrate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C8H11N3 2+·2Cl-·H2O, contains three organic cations, six chloride anions and three water mol-ecules of crystallization, which are connected by extensive hydrogen-bonding inter-actions into a three-dimensional supra-molecular architecture. Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots indicate that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H (37.4%), Cl⋯H/H⋯Cl (35.5%), C⋯H/H⋯C (9.5%) and C⋯C (6.9%) inter-actions.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (E)-N-[(2-eth-oxy-naphthalen-1-yl)methyl-idene]-5,6,7,8-tetra-hydro-naphthalen-1-amine

In the title Schiff base compound, C23H23NO, the two ring systems are twisted by 51.40 (11)° relative to each other. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are connected by weak C-H⋯π inter-actions, generating a three-dimensional supra-molecular structure. Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots indicate that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H (67.2%), C⋯H/H⋯C (26.7%) and C⋯C (2.5%) inter-actions.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of N,N'-bis-(3-tert-butyl-2-hy-droxy-5-methyl-benzyl-idene)ethane-1,2-di-amine

The title compound, C26H36N2O2, crystallizes in the phenol-imine form. In the mol-ecule, there are intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds forming S(6) ring motifs, and the two aromatic rings are inclined to each other by 37.9 (7)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by pairs of weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers. Hirshfeld surface analysis and two-dimensional fingerprint plots indicate that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H (77.5%), H⋯C/C⋯H (16%), H⋯O/O⋯H (3.1%) and H⋯N/N⋯H (1.7%) inter-actions.

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of 4-[4-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)phen-oxy]phthalo-nitrile monohydrate

In the title compound, C21H12N4O·H2O, the five-membered ring is essentially planar with a maximum deviation of 0.004 (2) Å. An N-H⋯O hydrogen bond connects the organic and water mol-ecules. In the crystal, O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules into a two-dimensional network parallel to (100). Hirshfeld surface analyses and two-dimensional fingerprint plots were used to qu-antify the inter-molecular inter-actions present in the crystal, indicating that the most important contributions for the crystal packing are from H⋯H (28.7%), C⋯H/H⋯C (27.1%), N⋯H/H⋯N (26.4%), C⋯N/N⋯C (6.1%), O⋯H/H⋯O (3.7%) and C⋯C (6.0%) inter-actions.