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Rubin EB, Schmidt AM, Koff MF, Kogan F, Gao K, Majumdar S, Potter H, Gold GE. Advanced MRI Approaches for Evaluating Common Lower Extremity Injuries in Basketball Players: Current and Emerging Techniques. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 59:1902-1913. [PMID: 37854004 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide accurate and non-invasive diagnoses of lower extremity injuries in athletes. Sport-related injuries commonly occur in and around the knee and can affect the articular cartilage, patellar tendon, hamstring muscles, and bone. Sports medicine physicians utilize MRI to evaluate and diagnose injury, track recovery, estimate return to sport timelines, and assess the risk of recurrent injury. This article reviews the current literature and describes novel developments of quantitative MRI tools that can further advance our understanding of sports injury diagnosis, prevention, and treatment while minimizing injury risk and rehabilitation time. Innovative approaches for enhancing the early diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal injuries in basketball players span a spectrum of techniques. These encompass the utilization of T2, T1ρ, and T2* quantitative MRI, along with dGEMRIC and Na-MRI to assess articular cartilage injuries, 3D-Ultrashort echo time MRI for patellar tendon injuries, diffusion tensor imaging for acute myotendinous injuries, and sagittal short tau inversion recovery and axial long-axis T1-weighted, and 3D Cube sequences for bone stress imaging. Future studies should further refine and validate these MR-based quantitative techniques while exploring the lifelong cumulative impact of basketball on players' knees. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elka B Rubin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Andrew M Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Matthew F Koff
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Feliks Kogan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kenneth Gao
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sharmila Majumdar
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hollis Potter
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Garry E Gold
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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Ribeiro VP, Pina S, Costa JB, Cengiz IF, García-Fernández L, Fernández-Gutiérrez MDM, Paiva OC, Oliveira AL, San-Román J, Oliveira JM, Reis RL. Enzymatically Cross-Linked Silk Fibroin-Based Hierarchical Scaffolds for Osteochondral Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:3781-3799. [PMID: 30609898 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteochondral (OC) regeneration faces several limitations in orthopedic surgery, owing to the complexity of the OC tissue that simultaneously entails the restoration of articular cartilage and subchondral bone diseases. In this study, novel biofunctional hierarchical scaffolds composed of a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-cross-linked silk fibroin (SF) cartilage-like layer (HRP-SF layer) fully integrated into a HRP-SF/ZnSr-doped β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) subchondral bone-like layer (HRP-SF/dTCP layer) were proposed as a promising strategy for OC tissue regeneration. For comparative purposes, a similar bilayered structure produced with no ion incorporation (HRP-SF/TCP layer) was used. A homogeneous porosity distribution was achieved throughout the scaffolds, as shown by micro-computed tomography analysis. The ion-doped bilayered scaffolds presented a wet compressive modulus (226.56 ± 60.34 kPa) and dynamic mechanical properties (ranging from 403.56 ± 111.62 to 593.56 ± 206.90 kPa) superior to that of the control bilayered scaffolds (189.18 ± 90.80 kPa and ranging from 262.72 ± 59.92 to 347.68 ± 93.37 kPa, respectively). Apatite crystal formation, after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF), was observed in the subchondral bone-like layers for the scaffolds incorporating TCP powders. Human osteoblasts (hOBs) and human articular chondrocytes (hACs) were co-cultured onto the bilayered structures and monocultured in the respective cartilage and subchondral bone half of the partitioned scaffolds. Both cell types showed good adhesion and proliferation in the scaffold compartments, as well as adequate integration of the interface regions. Osteoblasts produced a mineralized extracellular matrix (ECM) in the subchondral bone-like layers, and chondrocytes showed GAG deposition. The gene expression profile was different in the distinct zones of the bilayered constructs, and the intermediate regions showed pre-hypertrophic chondrocyte gene expression, especially on the BdTCP constructs. Immunofluorescence analysis supported these observations. This study showed that the proposed bilayered scaffolds allowed a specific stimulation of the chondrogenic and osteogenic cells in the co-culture system together with the formation of an osteochondral-like tissue interface. Hence, the structural adaptability, suitable mechanical properties, and biological performance of the hierarchical scaffolds make these constructs a desired strategy for OC defect regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana P Ribeiro
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , 4805-017 Braga/Guimarães , Portugal
| | - Sandra Pina
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , 4805-017 Braga/Guimarães , Portugal
| | - João B Costa
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , 4805-017 Braga/Guimarães , Portugal
| | - Ibrahim Fatih Cengiz
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , 4805-017 Braga/Guimarães , Portugal
| | - Luis García-Fernández
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials Department , Spanish Council for Scientific Research (ICTP-CSIC) , 28006 Madrid , Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | - Maria Del Mar Fernández-Gutiérrez
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials Department , Spanish Council for Scientific Research (ICTP-CSIC) , 28006 Madrid , Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | - Olga C Paiva
- ISEP-School of Engineering , Polytechnic Institute of Porto , 4200-072 Porto , Portugal
| | - Ana L Oliveira
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina, Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica Portuguesa , 4200-072 Porto , Portugal
| | - Julio San-Román
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials Department , Spanish Council for Scientific Research (ICTP-CSIC) , 28006 Madrid , Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN) , 28029 Madrid , Spain
| | - Joaquim M Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , 4805-017 Braga/Guimarães , Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine , Headquarters at University of Minho , Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães , Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine , Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory , 4805-017 Braga/Guimarães , Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine , Headquarters at University of Minho , Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães , Portugal
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Culvenor AG, Øiestad BE, Hart HF, Stefanik JJ, Guermazi A, Crossley KM. Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis features on magnetic resonance imaging in asymptomatic uninjured adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2018; 53:1268-1278. [PMID: 29886437 PMCID: PMC6837253 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Knee MRI is increasingly used to inform clinical management. Features associated with osteoarthritis are often present in asymptomatic uninjured knees; however, the estimated prevalence varies substantially between studies. We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to provide summary estimates of the prevalence of MRI features of osteoarthritis in asymptomatic uninjured knees. Methods We searched six electronic databases for studies reporting MRI osteoarthritis feature prevalence (ie, cartilage defects, meniscal tears, bone marrow lesions and osteophytes) in asymptomatic uninjured knees. Summary estimates were calculated using random-effects meta-analysis (and stratified by mean age: <40 vs ≥40 years). Meta-regression explored heterogeneity. Results We included 63 studies (5397 knees of 4751 adults). The overall pooled prevalence of cartilage defects was 24% (95% CI 15% to 34%) and meniscal tears was 10% (7% to 13%), with significantly higher prevalence with age: cartilage defect <40 years 11% (6%to 17%) and ≥40 years 43% (29% to 57%); meniscal tear <40 years 4% (2% to 7%) and ≥40 years 19% (13% to 26%). The overall pooled estimate of bone marrow lesions and osteophytes was 18% (12% to 24%) and 25% (14% to 38%), respectively, with prevalence of osteophytes (but not bone marrow lesions) increasing with age. Significant associations were found between prevalence estimates and MRI sequences used, physical activity, radiographic osteoarthritis and risk of bias. Conclusions Summary estimates of MRI osteoarthritis feature prevalence among asymptomatic uninjured knees were 4%–14% in adults aged <40 years to 19%–43% in adults ≥40 years. These imaging findings should be interpreted in the context of clinical presentations and considered in clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Culvenor
- Institute of Anatomy, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg & Nuremberg, Salzburg, Austria.,La Trobe Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Harvi F Hart
- La Trobe Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joshua J Stefanik
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Ali Guermazi
- Department of Radiology, Quantitative Imaging Centre, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kay M Crossley
- La Trobe Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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