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Vidorreta-Ballesteros L, Matias-Guiu JA, Delgado-Álvarez A, Delgado-Alonso C, Valles-Salgado M, Cuevas C, Gil-Moreno MJ, García-Ramos R, Montero-Escribano P, Matias-Guiu J. Cognitive dysfunction characteristics of multiple sclerosis with aging. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 87:105678. [PMID: 38728960 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the characteristics of cognitive impairment in older people with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS Cross-sectional study that included participants that were examined with a common and comprehensive neuropsychological protocol. The subjects were matched by sociodemographic variables and the following groups were generated for comparisons: young MS versus healthy controls (HC) (n = 246), old MS versus HC (n = 198), young MS vs old MS (n = 226), MS vs Alzheimer's disease (AD)(n = 70), and MS vs Parkinson's disease (PD) (n = 62). The ICCoDiMS criteria were used to define cognitive impairment in MS. RESULTS Cognitive impairment was more frequent in young than old patients (70.8 % vs 52.2 %). Attention and speed processing is the most frequent cognitive domain impaired in MS (54.9 % of young MS vs 32.7 % of old MS). The frequency of impairment in attention/processing speed (54.9 % vs 32.7 %) and episodic memory (27.9 % vs 14.3) was higher in the young group than in the old group. There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of impairment in executive function (46.0 % vs 35.3 %), visuospatial (17.9 % vs 9.5 %), and language (12.4 % vs 17.7 %). In those patients meeting the criteria for cognitive impairment, young MS patients showed lower performance in attention/processing speed tests. Conversely, old MS patients showed lower performance in episodic memory, verbal fluency, and planning. There were no differences in the correlations between SDMT and other neuropsychological tests in young and old patients, which suggests similar cognitive processes underlying SDMT performance in both groups. There were differences between old MS and prodromal AD, especially in episodic memory, while the cognitive profile of old MS was largely shared with PD. CONCLUSIONS Our study found that the cognitive profile of MS is defined by a characteristic impairment in attention and processing speed, which is present during the lifespan. The impairment in processing speed is less prominent in old age, whereas the impairment of other cognitive functions becomes more relevant. These findings suggest potential differences in the pathophysiological processes associated with cognitive impairment between young and old ages that warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Vidorreta-Ballesteros
- Department of Neurology. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISCC). Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi A Matias-Guiu
- Department of Neurology. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISCC). Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Delgado-Álvarez
- Department of Neurology. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISCC). Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Delgado-Alonso
- Department of Neurology. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISCC). Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - María Valles-Salgado
- Department of Neurology. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISCC). Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Constanza Cuevas
- Department of Neurology. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISCC). Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Gil-Moreno
- Department of Neurology. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISCC). Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío García-Ramos
- Department of Neurology. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISCC). Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Montero-Escribano
- Department of Neurology. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISCC). Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Matias-Guiu
- Department of Neurology. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISCC). Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
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Valdivia-Tangarife ER, Morlett-Paredes A, Villaseñor-Cabrera T, Mireles-Ramírez MA, Cortés-Enríquez F, Macías-Islas MÁ. Validation of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) in individuals with multiple sclerosis from Mexico. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 83:105451. [PMID: 38245997 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is observed in 43-70 % of Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. One of the most widely used batteries for cognitive assessment in this population is the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS). The objective of this study was to validate and assess the reliability of the BICAMS in a Mexican population with MS and to obtain and provide regression-based norms. METHODS One hundred healthy controls (HCs) and 100 patients with multiple sclerosis participated in the present study, and groups were matched for age, years of education and sex. Subjects completed all three tests of the BICAMS. Test-retest measures were obtained from 30 patients to test reliability. RESULTS The sample´s average age was 43.39 ± 6.03 years old, and the average years of education was 12.55 ± 2.52 years. Approximately 63 % of the participants were female. The groups did not differ in age, years of education, or sex. The MS group performed significantly worse than the HCs group on all three neuropsychological tests. A significant difference was observed for the SDMT (t = 10.166; p=<0.001), CVLT-II (t = 10.949; p=<0.001), and BVMT-R (t = 2.636; p = 0.009). For all comparisons, the effect size (d) for each test was calculated as follows: SDMT= 0.58 and CVLT-II= 0.61. The test-retest coefficients for each test were as follows: SDMT: r = 0.95; CVLT-II: r = 0.84; and BVMT-R = 0.81. CONCLUSION The BICAMS can provide information on cognitive impairment in MS patients, and this information can be used by neuropsychologists for cognitive rehabilitation in different domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar R Valdivia-Tangarife
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | | | - Teresita Villaseñor-Cabrera
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México; O.P.D Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, México
| | - Mario A Mireles-Ramírez
- Departamento de Neurología, Unidad de Alta Especialidad Médica, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Fernando Cortés-Enríquez
- Departamento de Neurología, Hospital General, No 14 del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Miguel Ángel Macías-Islas
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, 44340 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.
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Aguayo-Arelis A, Rabago-Barajas BV, Saldaña-Cruz AM, Macías-Islas MÁ. Association of the BDNF rs6265 Polymorphism with Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study in Mexican Patients. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2130. [PMID: 38136952 PMCID: PMC10742426 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognition is a set of brain processes that allow the individual to interact with their environment. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the cerebral white matter of the brain cortex and spinal cord, leading to cognitive impairment (CI) in 40-60% of the patients. Many studies have determined that CI is linked to genetic risk factors. We aimed to evaluate the association between BDNF gene rs6265 polymorphism and cognitive impairment in Mexican patients with MS by performing a case-control study. Mestizo-Mexican patients diagnosed with MS based on McDonald's criteria were enrolled. Cases were MS patients with CI (n = 31) while controls were MS patients without CI (n = 31). To measure cognitive functioning in MS patients, a neuropsychological screening battery for MS (NSB-MS) was used. Genotyping of the rs6265 gene variant was performed using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) with TaqMan probes. The results showed no statistically significant differences in sociodemographic and disease variables between case and control groups. qPCR analysis showed that there were 68% Val/Val wild-type homozygotes, 29% Val/Met polymorphic heterozygotes, and 3% Met/Met polymorphic homozygotes. The presence of BDNF gene rs6265 polymorphism showed an increased probability (3.6 times) of global cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Aguayo-Arelis
- Departamento de Psicología Aplicada, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca 46600, Mexico; (A.A.-A.); (B.V.R.-B.)
| | - Brenda Viridiana Rabago-Barajas
- Departamento de Psicología Aplicada, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca 46600, Mexico; (A.A.-A.); (B.V.R.-B.)
| | - Ana Miriam Saldaña-Cruz
- Instituto de Terapéutica Experimental y Clínica, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca 46600, Mexico;
| | - Miguel Ángel Macías-Islas
- Departamento de Psicología Aplicada, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca 46600, Mexico; (A.A.-A.); (B.V.R.-B.)
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Vergara-Moragues E, Barreto MRA, Rivera D, Santiago-Ramajo S, González-Saiz F, Lasprilla JCA. Multivariate Base Rates of Low Score on Neuropsychological Tests of Individuals with Coca Paste Use Disorder. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGISTS 2023:6995370. [PMID: 36683295 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low scores on eight commonly used neuropsychological tests to evaluate learning and memory, language, and executive functions in individuals with coca paste use disorders (CPUD) and to identify the differences with respect to a group of healthy nonconsuming subjects (HCs). METHODS 162 Colombian adults with CPUD and a group of 162 Colombian adult HCs participated in this comparative study. Eight tests (eighteen test scores) were grouped into three categories: learning and memory, language, and executive functions. Each participant was categorized based on the number of low scoring tests in specific percentile cut-off groups (25th, 16th, 10th, 5th, and 2nd). RESULTS In the learning and memory domain, 89.5% of individuals with CPUD and 55.6% of HCs scored below the 25th percentile on at least one of the five test scores, in the language domain, 80.7% of individuals with CPUD and 58% of HCs and in the executive function domain, 92% of individuals with CPUD and 67.3% of HCs. Having two or more scores below the 10th percentile or 10 or more at the 5th percentile shows an optimal cut-off for determining the sensitivity and specificity for discriminating between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS The individuals with CPUD had a higher percentage of low scores than the HCs in the domains of learning and memory, language, and executive function. It is important for clinicians to be aware of low scores in individuals with CPUD to avoid false-positive diagnoses of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Vergara-Moragues
- Department of Psychology, University of Cadiz (UCA), Cadiz, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | | | - Diego Rivera
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Francisco González-Saiz
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain.,Department of Neuroscience, Area of Psychiatry, University of Cadiz, Hospital Universitario de Jerez, Cádiz, Spain.,CIBERSAM (Network of Biomedical Research Centres for Mental Health), Madrid, Spain
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Núñez-Fernández S, Rivera D, Arroyo-Anlló EM, Ortiz Jiménez XA, Camino-Pontes B, Salinas Martínez R, Arango-Lasprilla JC. Validation of the Norma Latina Neuropsychological Assessment Battery in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease in Mexico. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11322. [PMID: 36141594 PMCID: PMC9517570 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To our knowledge, this is the first study reported in the literature that has validated the Norma Latina Battery in a population of people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Mexico. The objective of the study was to determine the discriminant validity of the Norma Latina Battery in a group of Mexican individuals with AD and a group of heathy controls (HC). The Norma Latina Battery was administered to 234 Mexican participants (117 HC and 117 individuals with AD). Results show that: (1) the Norma Latina Battery has high discriminative capacity between groups in all domains; (2) participants with AD presented worse scores in each of the cognitive domains compared to the HC and a greater number of low scores in each of the established thresholds or cut-off points; and finally, (3) the Norma Latina Battery had optimal sensitivity and specificity, especially when a set was observed ≥5 scores below the 10th percentile or ≥4 scores below the 5th percentile. In conclusion, it is recommended that both clinicians and researchers use this battery in the evaluation of Mexican people with AD to better understand the prognosis of the disease and its subsequent treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Núñez-Fernández
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Neuroscience Institute of Castilla-León, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Diego Rivera
- Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eva María Arroyo-Anlló
- Department of Psychobiology, Neuroscience Institute of Castilla-León, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Borja Camino-Pontes
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Biomedical Research Doctorate Program, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Ricardo Salinas Martínez
- Department of Geriatrics, “José Eleuterio González” University Hospital, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
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