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Cai Y, Chen T, Cai Y, Liu J, Yu B, Fan Y, Su J, Zeng Y, Xiao X, Ren L, Tang Y. Surface protein profiling and subtyping of extracellular vesicles in body fluids reveals non-CSF biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12432. [PMID: 38602321 PMCID: PMC11007802 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive and effortless diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains challenging. Here we report the multiplexed profiling of extracellular vesicle (EV) surface proteins at the single EV level in five types of easily accessible body fluids using a proximity barcoding assay (PBA). A total of 183 surface proteins were detected on the EVs from body fluids collected from APP/PS1 transgenic mice and patients with AD. The AD-associated differentially expressed EV proteins could discriminate between the control and AD/AD model samples with high accuracy. Based on machine learning predictive models, urinary EV proteins exhibited the highest diagnostic potential compared to those on other biofluid EVs, both in mice and humans. Single EV analysis further revealed AD-associated EV subpopulations in the tested body fluids, and a urinary EV subpopulation with the signature proteins PLAU, ITGAX and ANXA1 could diagnose patients with AD in blinded datasets with 88% accuracy. Our results suggest that EVs and their subpopulations from noninvasive body fluids, particularly urine, are potential diagnostic biomarkers for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Cai
- Department of GeriatricsShenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's HospitalShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and InterventionHealth Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Yanling Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biology and Synthetic Biology for Urogenital Tumors, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Tumor, Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen Second People's HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Jiabang Liu
- Department of GeriatricsShenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's HospitalShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and InterventionHealth Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of GeriatricsShenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's HospitalShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and InterventionHealth Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Yixian Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jun Su
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Yixuan Zeng
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Xiaohua Xiao
- Department of GeriatricsShenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Lijie Ren
- Department of NeurologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Yizhe Tang
- Department of GeriatricsShenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's HospitalShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Systemic Aging and InterventionHealth Science CenterShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
- Lead contact
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Gonzalez‐Rodriguez M, Villar‐Conde S, Astillero‐Lopez V, Villanueva‐Anguita P, Ubeda‐Banon I, Flores‐Cuadrado A, Martinez‐Marcos A, Saiz‐Sanchez D. Human amygdala involvement in Alzheimer's disease revealed by stereological and dia-PASEF analysis. Brain Pathol 2023; 33:e13180. [PMID: 37331354 PMCID: PMC10467039 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of pathological amyloid-β (Aβ) and Tau proteins. According to the prion-like hypothesis, both proteins can seed and disseminate through brain regions through neural connections and glial cells. The amygdaloid complex (AC) is involved early in the disease, and its widespread connections with other brain regions indicate that it is a hub for propagating pathology. To characterize changes in the AC as well as the involvement of neuronal and glial cells in AD, a combined stereological and proteomic analysis was performed in non-Alzheimer's disease and AD human samples. The synaptic alterations identified by proteomic data analysis could be related to the volume reduction observed in AD by the Cavalieri probe without neuronal loss. The pathological markers appeared in a gradient pattern with the medial region (cortical nucleus, Co) being more affected than lateral regions, suggesting the relevance of connections in the distribution of the pathology among different brain regions. Generalized astrogliosis was observed in every AC nucleus, likely related to deposits of pathological proteins. Astrocytes might mediate phagocytic microglial activation, whereas microglia might play a dual role since protective and toxic phenotypes have been described. These results highlight the potential participation of the amygdala in the disease spreading from/to olfactory areas, the temporal lobe and beyond. Proteomic data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD038322.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Gonzalez‐Rodriguez
- Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, CRIB, Ciudad Real Medical SchoolUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaCiudad RealSpain
| | - Sandra Villar‐Conde
- Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, CRIB, Ciudad Real Medical SchoolUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaCiudad RealSpain
| | - Veronica Astillero‐Lopez
- Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, CRIB, Ciudad Real Medical SchoolUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaCiudad RealSpain
| | - Patricia Villanueva‐Anguita
- Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, CRIB, Ciudad Real Medical SchoolUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaCiudad RealSpain
| | - Isabel Ubeda‐Banon
- Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, CRIB, Ciudad Real Medical SchoolUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaCiudad RealSpain
| | - Alicia Flores‐Cuadrado
- Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, CRIB, Ciudad Real Medical SchoolUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaCiudad RealSpain
| | - Alino Martinez‐Marcos
- Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, CRIB, Ciudad Real Medical SchoolUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaCiudad RealSpain
| | - Daniel Saiz‐Sanchez
- Neuroplasticity and Neurodegeneration Laboratory, CRIB, Ciudad Real Medical SchoolUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaCiudad RealSpain
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Loveland PM, Yu JJ, Churilov L, Yassi N, Watson R. Investigation of Inflammation in Lewy Body Dementia: A Systematic Scoping Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12116. [PMID: 37569491 PMCID: PMC10418754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory mechanisms are increasingly recognized as important contributors to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Lewy body dementia (LBD). Our objectives were to, firstly, review inflammation investigation methods in LBD (dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia) and, secondly, identify alterations in inflammatory signals in LBD compared to people without neurodegenerative disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic scoping review was performed by searching major electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and PSYCHInfo) to identify relevant human studies. Of the 2509 results screened, 80 studies were included. Thirty-six studies analyzed postmortem brain tissue, and 44 investigated living subjects with cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and/or brain imaging assessments. Largely cross-sectional data were available, although two longitudinal clinical studies investigated prodromal Lewy body disease. Investigations were focused on inflammatory immune cell activity (microglia, astrocytes, and lymphocytes) and inflammatory molecules (cytokines, etc.). Results of the included studies identified innate and adaptive immune system contributions to inflammation associated with Lewy body pathology and clinical disease features. Different signals in early and late-stage disease, with possible late immune senescence and dystrophic glial cell populations, were identified. The strength of these associations is limited by the varying methodologies, small study sizes, and cross-sectional nature of the data. Longitudinal studies investigating associations with clinical and other biomarker outcomes are needed to improve understanding of inflammatory activity over the course of LBD. This could identify markers of disease activity and support therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M. Loveland
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
| | - Jenny J. Yu
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
| | - Leonid Churilov
- Department of Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
| | - Nawaf Yassi
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
| | - Rosie Watson
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3000, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3000, Australia
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Bulgart HR, Goncalves I, Weisleder N. Leveraging Plasma Membrane Repair Therapeutics for Treating Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:1660. [PMID: 37371130 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane repair is an essential cellular mechanism that reseals membrane disruptions after a variety of insults, and compromised repair capacity can contribute to the progression of many diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases are marked by membrane damage from many sources, reduced membrane integrity, elevated intracellular calcium concentrations, enhanced reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial dysfunction, and widespread neuronal death. While the toxic intracellular effects of these changes in cellular physiology have been defined, the specific mechanism of neuronal death in certain neurodegenerative diseases remains unclear. An abundance of recent evidence indicates that neuronal membrane damage and pore formation in the membrane are key contributors to neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis. In this review, we have outlined evidence supporting the hypothesis that membrane damage is a contributor to neurodegenerative diseases and that therapeutically enhancing membrane repair can potentially combat neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah R Bulgart
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Isabella Goncalves
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Noah Weisleder
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Gagliardi M, Procopio R, Talarico M, Quattrone A, Arabia G, Morelli M, D'Amelio M, Malanga D, Bonapace G, Quattrone A, Annesi G. ANXA1 mutation analysis in Italian patients with early onset PD. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 125:123-124. [PMID: 36828691 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a novel pathogenic variant in Annexin A1 protein (c.4G > A, p.Ala2Thr) has been identified in an Iranian consanguineous family with autosomal recessive parkinsonism. The deficiencies of ANXA1 could lead to extracellular SNCA accumulation, defects in intracellular signaling pathways and synaptic plasticity causing parkinsonism. The aim of this study was to identify rare ANXA1 variants in 95 early-onset PD patients from South Italy. Sequencing analysis of ANXA1 gene revealed only 2 synonymous variants in PD patients (rs1050305, rs149033255). Therefore, we conclude that the recently published ANXA1 mutation is not a common cause of EOPD in Southern Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Gagliardi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Radha Procopio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Talarico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Andrea Quattrone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gennarina Arabia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maurizio Morelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marco D'Amelio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Donatella Malanga
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy; Interdepartmental Center of Services (CIS), Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bonapace
- Faculty of Medicine, Pediatrics, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Aldo Quattrone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Center, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy; Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Grazia Annesi
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Cosenza, Italy
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Jayaswamy PK, Vijaykrishnaraj M, Patil P, Alexander LM, Kellarai A, Shetty P. Implicative role of epidermal growth factor receptor and its associated signaling partners in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 83:101791. [PMID: 36403890 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a pivotal role in early brain development, although its expression pattern declines in accordance with the maturation of the active nervous system. However, recurrence of EGFR expression in brain cells takes place during neural functioning decline and brain atrophy in order to maintain the homeostatic neuronal pool. As a consequence, neurotoxic lesions such as amyloid beta fragment (Aβ1-42) formed during the alternative splicing of amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer's disease (AD) elevate the expression of EGFR. This inappropriate peptide deposition on EGFR results in the sustained phosphorylation of the downstream signaling axis, leading to extensive Aβ1-42 production and tau phosphorylation as subsequent pathogenesis. Recent reports convey that the pathophysiology of AD is correlated with EGFR and its associated membrane receptor complex molecules. One such family of molecules is the annexin superfamily, which has synergistic relationships with EGFR and is known for membrane-bound signaling that contributes to a variety of inflammatory responses. Besides, Galectin-3, tissue-type activated plasminogen activator, and many more, which lineate the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18) result in severe neuronal loss. Altogether, we emphasized the perspectives of cellular senescence up-regulated by EGFR and its associated membrane receptor molecules in the pathogenesis of AD as a target for a therapeutical alternative to intervene in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan K Jayaswamy
- Central Research Laboratory, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - M Vijaykrishnaraj
- Central Research Laboratory, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Prakash Patil
- Central Research Laboratory, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Lobo Manuel Alexander
- Department of Neurology, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Adithi Kellarai
- Department of General Medicine, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveenkumar Shetty
- Central Research Laboratory, KS. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India; Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India.
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Truncated Tau caused by intron retention is enriched in Alzheimer's disease cortex and exhibits altered biochemical properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204179119. [PMID: 36067305 PMCID: PMC9477417 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204179119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β plaques and Tau tangles in brain tissues. Recent studies indicate that aberrant splicing and increased level of intron retention is linked to AD pathogenesis. Bioinformatic analysis revealed increased retention of intron 11 at the Tau gene in AD female dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex as compared to healthy controls, an observation validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction using different brain tissues. Retention of intron 11 introduces a premature stop codon, resulting in the production of truncated Tau11i protein. Probing with customized antibodies designed against amino acids encoded by intron 11 showed that Tau11i protein is more enriched in AD hippocampus, amygdala, parietal, temporal, and frontal lobe than in healthy controls. This indicates that Tau messenger RNA with the retained intron is translated in vivo instead of being subjected to nonsense-mediated decay. Compared to full-length Tau441 isoform, ectopically expressed Tau11i forms higher molecular weight species, is enriched in Sarkosyl-insoluble fraction, and exhibits greater protein stability in cycloheximide assay. Stably expressed Tau11i also shows weaker colocalization with α-tubulin of microtubule network in human mature cortical neurons as compared to Tau441. Endogenous Tau11i is enriched in Sarkosyl-insoluble fraction in AD hippocampus and forms aggregates that colocalize weakly with Tau4R fibril-like structure in AD temporal lobe. The elevated level of Tau11i protein in AD brain tissues tested, coupled with biochemical properties resembling pathological Tau species suggest that retention of intron 11 of Tau gene might be an early biomarker of AD pathology.
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Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators in Neuroinflammation: Overview of Studies and Perspectives of Clinical Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154836. [PMID: 35956787 PMCID: PMC9370036 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) are lipid mediators derived from poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) which have been demonstrated to have an important role in the inflammation environment, preventing an overreaction of the organism and promoting the resolution of inflammation. Our purpose was to point out the current evidence for specialized pro-resolving mediators, focusing on their role in neuroinflammation and in major neurological diseases.
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