Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus TF318 prevents depressive behavior in rats by inhibiting HPA-axis hyperactivity and upregulating BDNF expression

Exploring the interaction between the gut microbiota and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A signaling pathway: a potential therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases

The interaction between the gut microbiota and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway in the host's central nervous system plays a crucial role in neurological diseases and enhances communication along the gut-brain axis. The gut microbiota influences the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway through its metabolites, which activates the vagus nerve and modulates the immune and neuroendocrine systems. Conversely, alterations in the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway can affect the composition of the gut microbiota, creating a dynamic network of microbial-host interactions. This reciprocal regulation affects neurodevelopment, neurotransmitter control, and behavioral traits, thus playing a role in the modulation of neurological diseases. The coordinated activity of the gut microbiota and the cAMP-PKA signaling pathway regulates processes such as amyloid-β protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal energy metabolism, microglial activation, oxidative stress, and neurotransmitter release, which collectively influence the onset and progression of neurological diseases. This study explores the complex interplay between the gut microbiota and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway, along with its implications for potential therapeutic interventions in neurological diseases. Recent pharmacological research has shown that restoring the balance between gut flora and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway may improve outcomes in neurodegenerative diseases and emotional disorders. This can be achieved through various methods such as dietary modifications, probiotic supplements, Chinese herbal extracts, combinations of Chinese herbs, and innovative dosage forms. These findings suggest that regulating the gut microbiota and cAMP-PKA signaling pathway may provide valuable evidence for developing novel therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative diseases.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus: An emerging probiotic with therapeutic potential for depression

Depression, a complex psychological disorder, involves multiple biological pathways in its pathogenesis. In recent years, the gut-brain axis theory has provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of depression, particularly the crucial role of the gut microbiota in mood regulation. While there remains no universal consensus on the most efficacious strains for depression treatment, Lactobacillus rhamnosus has risen to prominence within the realm of probiotics for its potential to positively modulate depressive symptoms. This review preliminarily explores the clinical significance of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the treatment of depression and summarizes the potential mechanisms by which Lactobacillus rhamnosus treats depression, including its regulation of gut microbiota, alterations in gene expression, improvement of intestinal barrier function, maintenance of neurotransmitter balance, suppression of inflammatory responses, modulation of the immune system, coping with oxidative stress, and optimization of metabolic processes. Future research needs to further explore these mechanisms and combine them with clinical research results to optimize treatment plans and provide more effective treatment options for patients with depression.

Research progress on intestinal microbiota regulating cognitive function through the gut-brain axis

The intestinal microbiota community is a fundamental component of the human body and plays a significant regulatory role in maintaining overall health and in the management disease states.The intestinal microbiota-gut-brain axis represents a vital connection in the cognitive regulation of the central nervous system by the intestinal microbiota.The impact of intestinal microbiota on cognitive function is hypothesized to manifest through both the nervous system and circulatory system. Imbalances in intestinal microbiota during the perioperative period could potentially contribute to perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction. This article concentrates on a review of existing literature to explore the potential influence of intestinal microbiota on brain and cognitive functions via the nervous and circulatory systems.Additionally, it summarizes recent findings on the impact of perioperative intestinal dysbacteriosis on perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction and suggests novel approaches for prevention and treatment of this condition.