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Kersbergen CJ, Bergles DE. Priming central sound processing circuits through induction of spontaneous activity in the cochlea before hearing onset. Trends Neurosci 2024:S0166-2236(24)00065-1. [PMID: 38782701 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Sensory systems experience a period of intrinsically generated neural activity before maturation is complete and sensory transduction occurs. Here we review evidence describing the mechanisms and functions of this 'spontaneous' activity in the auditory system. Both ex vivo and in vivo studies indicate that this correlated activity is initiated by non-sensory supporting cells within the developing cochlea, which induce depolarization and burst firing of groups of nearby hair cells in the sensory epithelium, activity that is conveyed to auditory neurons that will later process similar sound features. This stereotyped neural burst firing promotes cellular maturation, synaptic refinement, acoustic sensitivity, and establishment of sound-responsive domains in the brain. While sensitive to perturbation, the developing auditory system exhibits remarkable homeostatic mechanisms to preserve periodic burst firing in deaf mice. Preservation of this early spontaneous activity in the context of deafness may enhance the efficacy of later interventions to restore hearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin J Kersbergen
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dwight E Bergles
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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2
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Hu Y, Li G, Zhang W, Wang J, Ji W, Yu J, Han Y, Cui G, Wang H, Manza P, Volkow N, Ji G, Wang GJ, Zhang Y. Obesity is associated with alterations in anatomical connectivity of frontal-corpus callosum. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae014. [PMID: 38300178 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to abnormal frontal function, including the white matter fibers of anterior portion of the corpus callosum, which is crucial for information exchange within frontal cortex. However, alterations in white matter anatomical connectivity between corpus callosum and cortical regions in patients with obesity have not yet been investigated. Thus, we enrolled 72 obese and 60 age-/gender-matched normal weight participants who underwent clinical measurements and diffusion tensor imaging. Probabilistic tractography with connectivity-based classification was performed to segment the corpus callosum and quantify white matter anatomical connectivity between subregions of corpus callosum and cortical regions, and associations between corpus callosum-cortex white matter anatomical connectivity and clinical behaviors were also assessed. Relative to normal weight individuals, individuals with obesity exhibited significantly greater white matter anatomical connectivity of corpus callosum-orbitofrontal cortex, which was positively correlated with body mass index and self-reported disinhibition of eating behavior, and lower white matter anatomical connectivity of corpus callosum-prefrontal cortex, which was significantly negatively correlated with craving for high-calorie food cues. The findings show that alterations in white matter anatomical connectivity between corpus callosum and frontal regions involved in reward and executive control are associated with abnormal eating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Guanya Li
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Weibin Ji
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Juan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 4 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Guangbin Cui
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 4 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Haoyi Wang
- College of Westa, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Peter Manza
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, MSC1013, Building 10, Room B2L304, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nora Volkow
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, MSC1013, Building 10, Room B2L304, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Gene-Jack Wang
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 10 Center Drive, MSC1013, Building 10, Room B2L304, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University & Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
- International Joint Research Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment & Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, 266 Xinglong Section of Xifeng Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
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3
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Ruttorf M, Tal Z, Amaral L, Fang F, Bi Y, Almeida J. Neuroplastic changes in functional wiring in sensory cortices of the congenitally deaf: A network analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:6523-6536. [PMID: 37956260 PMCID: PMC10681644 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital sensory deprivation induces significant changes in the structural and functional organisation of the brain. These are well-characterised by cross-modal plasticity, in which deprived cortical areas are recruited to process information from non-affected sensory modalities, as well as by other neuroplastic alterations within regions dedicated to the remaining senses. Here, we analysed visual and auditory networks of congenitally deaf and hearing individuals during different visual tasks to assess changes in network community structure and connectivity patterns due to congenital deafness. In the hearing group, the nodes are clearly divided into three communities (visual, auditory and subcortical), whereas in the deaf group a fourth community consisting mainly of bilateral superior temporal sulcus and temporo-insular regions is present. Perhaps more importantly, the right lateral geniculate body, as well as bilateral thalamus and pulvinar joined the auditory community of the deaf. Moreover, there is stronger connectivity between bilateral thalamic and pulvinar and auditory areas in the deaf group, when compared to the hearing group. No differences were found in the number of connections of these nodes to visual areas. Our findings reveal substantial neuroplastic changes occurring within the auditory and visual networks caused by deafness, emphasising the dynamic nature of the sensory systems in response to congenital deafness. Specifically, these results indicate that in the deaf but not the hearing group, subcortical thalamic nuclei are highly connected to auditory areas during processing of visual information, suggesting that these relay areas may be responsible for rerouting visual information to the auditory cortex under congenital deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Ruttorf
- Computer Assisted Clinical MedicineHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
- Mannheim Institute for Intelligent Systems in MedicineHeidelberg UniversityMannheimGermany
| | - Zohar Tal
- Proaction LaboratoryUniversity of CoimbraPortugal
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational SciencesUniversity of CoimbraPortugal
| | - Lénia Amaral
- Department of NeuroscienceGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Fang Fang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- Peking‐Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yanchao Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern, Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging and ConnectomicsBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina
- Chinese Institute for Brain ResearchBeijingChina
| | - Jorge Almeida
- Proaction LaboratoryUniversity of CoimbraPortugal
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational SciencesUniversity of CoimbraPortugal
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Alhazmi FH, Alsharif WM, Alshoabi SA, Gameraddin M, Aloufi KM, Abdulaal OM, Qurashi AA. Identifying cerebral microstructural changes in patients with COVID-19 using MRI: A systematic review. Brain Circ 2023; 9:6-15. [PMID: 37151797 PMCID: PMC10158661 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_77_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an epidemic viral disease caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite the excessive number of neurological articles that have investigated the effect of COVID-19 on the brain from the neurological point of view, very few studies have investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the cerebral microstructure and function of the brain. The aim of this study was to summarize the results of the existing studies on cerebral microstructural changes in COVID-19 patients, specifically the use of quantitative volumetric analysis, blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Semantic Scholar, and Google Scholar from December 2020 to April 2022. A well-constructed search strategy was used to identify the articles for review. Seven research articles have met this study's inclusion and exclusion criteria, which have applied neuroimaging tools such as quantitative volumetric analysis, BOLD, and DTI to investigate cerebral microstructure changes in COVID-19 patients. A significant effect of COVID-19 was found in the brain such as hypoperfusion of cerebral blood flow, increased gray matter (GM) volume, and reduced cortical thickness. The insula and thalamic radiation were the most frequent GM region and white matter tract, respectively, that are involved in SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 was found to be associated with changes in cerebral microstructures. These abnormalities in brain areas might lead to be associated with behaviors, mental and neurological alterations that need to be considered carefully in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad H. Alhazmi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa M. Alsharif
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Abdulwadoud Alshoabi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moawia Gameraddin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
- Address for correspondence: Dr. Moawia Gameraddin, Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. E-mail:
| | - Khalid M. Aloufi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Abdulaal
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdualziz A. Qurashi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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Radwan AM, Sunaert S, Schilling K, Descoteaux M, Landman BA, Vandenbulcke M, Theys T, Dupont P, Emsell L. An atlas of white matter anatomy, its variability, and reproducibility based on constrained spherical deconvolution of diffusion MRI. Neuroimage 2022; 254:119029. [PMID: 35231632 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtual dissection of white matter (WM) using diffusion MRI tractography is confounded by its poor reproducibility. Despite the increased adoption of advanced reconstruction models, early region-of-interest driven protocols based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) remain the dominant reference for virtual dissection protocols. Here we bridge this gap by providing a comprehensive description of typical WM anatomy reconstructed using a reproducible automated subject-specific parcellation-based approach based on probabilistic constrained-spherical deconvolution (CSD) tractography. We complement this with a WM template in MNI space comprising 68 bundles, including all associated anatomical tract selection labels and associated automated workflows. Additionally, we demonstrate bundle inter- and intra-subject variability using 40 (20 test-retest) datasets from the human connectome project (HCP) and 5 sessions with varying b-values and number of b-shells from the single-subject Multiple Acquisitions for Standardization of Structural Imaging Validation and Evaluation (MASSIVE) dataset. The most reliably reconstructed bundles were the whole pyramidal tracts, primary corticospinal tracts, whole superior longitudinal fasciculi, frontal, parietal and occipital segments of the corpus callosum and middle cerebellar peduncles. More variability was found in less dense bundles, e.g., the fornix, dentato-rubro-thalamic tract (DRTT), and premotor pyramidal tract. Using the DRTT as an example, we show that this variability can be reduced by using a higher number of seeding attempts. Overall inter-session similarity was high for HCP test-retest data (median weighted-dice = 0.963, stdev = 0.201 and IQR = 0.099). Compared to the HCP-template bundles there was a high level of agreement for the HCP test-retest data (median weighted-dice = 0.747, stdev = 0.220 and IQR = 0.277) and for the MASSIVE data (median weighted-dice = 0.767, stdev = 0.255 and IQR = 0.338). In summary, this WM atlas provides an overview of the capabilities and limitations of automated subject-specific probabilistic CSD tractography for mapping white matter fasciculi in healthy adults. It will be most useful in applications requiring a reproducible parcellation-based dissection protocol, and as an educational resource for applied neuroimaging and clinical professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Radwan
- KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and pathology, Translational MRI, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and pathology, Translational MRI, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium; UZ Leuven, Department of Radiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kurt Schilling
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Bennett A Landman
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mathieu Vandenbulcke
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Neuropsychiatry, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center (UPC), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Theys
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, Leuven, Belgium; UZ Leuven, Department of Neurosurgery, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Dupont
- KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Louise Emsell
- KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and pathology, Translational MRI, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Neuropsychiatry, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Center (UPC), Leuven, Belgium
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Zhang Z, Hu Y, Lv G, Wang J, He Y, Zhang L, Li H, von Deneen KM, Wang H, Duan S, Zhang J, Hou Q, Pan Y, Zhao Y, Mao K, Wang F, Zhang Y, Cui G, Nie Y. Functional constipation is associated with alterations in thalamo-limbic/parietal structural connectivity. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021; 33:e13992. [PMID: 33073892 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional constipation (FCon) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) with a high prevalence in clinical practice. Previous studies have identified that FCon is associated with functional and structural alterations in the primary brain regions involved in emotional arousal processing, sensory processing, somatic/motor-control, and self-referential processing. However, whether FCon is associated with abnormal structural connectivity (SC) among these brain regions remains unclear. METHODS We selected the brain regions with functional and structural abnormalities as seed regions and employed diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with probabilistic tractography to investigate SC changes in 29 patients with FCon and 31 healthy controls (HC). KEY RESULTS Results showed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) in the fibers connecting the thalamus, a region involved in sensory processing, with the amygdala (AMY), hippocampal gyrus (HIPP), precentral (PreCen) and postcentral gyrus (PostCen), supplementary motor area (SMA) and precuneus in patients with FCon compared with HC. FCon had higher mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) in the thalamus connected to the AMY and HIPP. In addition, FCon had significantly increased RD of the thalamus-SMA tract. Sensation of incomplete evacuation was negatively correlated with FA of the thalamus-PostCen and thalamus-HIPP tracts, and there was a negative correlation between difficulty of defecation and FA of the thalamus-SMA tract. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES These findings reflected that FCon is associated with alterations in SC between the thalamus and limbic/parietal cortex, highlighting the integrative role of the thalamus in brain structural network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhida Zhang
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ganggang Lv
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang He
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Li
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Karen M von Deneen
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huaning Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shijun Duan
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junwang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiuqiu Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanan Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kuanrong Mao
- Xi'an Mayinglong Anorectal Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Xi'an Mayinglong Anorectal Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Brain Imaging, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangbin Cui
- Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Finkl T, Hahne A, Friederici AD, Gerber J, Mürbe D, Anwander A. Language Without Speech: Segregating Distinct Circuits in the Human Brain. Cereb Cortex 2021; 30:812-823. [PMID: 31373629 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Language is a fundamental part of human cognition. The question of whether language is processed independently of speech, however, is still heavily discussed. The absence of speech in deaf signers offers the opportunity to disentangle language from speech in the human brain. Using probabilistic tractography, we compared brain structural connectivity of adult deaf signers who had learned sign language early in life to that of matched hearing controls. Quantitative comparison of the connectivity profiles revealed that the core language tracts did not differ between signers and controls, confirming that language is independent of speech. In contrast, pathways involved in the production and perception of speech displayed lower connectivity in deaf signers compared to hearing controls. These differences were located in tracts towards the left pre-supplementary motor area and the thalamus when seeding in Broca's area, and in ipsilateral parietal areas and the precuneus with seeds in left posterior temporal regions. Furthermore, the interhemispheric connectivity between the auditory cortices was lower in the deaf than in the hearing group, underlining the importance of the transcallosal connection for early auditory processes. The present results provide evidence for a functional segregation of the neural pathways for language and speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Finkl
- Saxonian Cochlear Implant Centre, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Hahne
- Saxonian Cochlear Implant Centre, Phoniatrics and Audiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, Dresden, Germany
| | - Angela D Friederici
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Gerber
- Neuroradiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dirk Mürbe
- Department of Audiology and Phoniatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfred Anwander
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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Congenital Hearing Loss Is Associated With a High Incidence of Central Nervous System Abnormalities. Otol Neurotol 2021; 41:1397-1405. [PMID: 32740546 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000002778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) To assess the incidence of central nervous system abnormalities in pediatric subjects with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). METHODS One hundred forty-three pediatric subjects evaluated for SNHL at a single academic center from 2007 to 2014 were included and divided into eight diagnosis groups based on etiology of SNHL. One hundred forty-three age- and gender-matched control subjects with no known brain-related pathology or history of hearing loss were included as healthy controls for comparison. Two neuroradiologists independently evaluated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans for each subject. Comparison of abnormal cerebral development was performed using an ordinal logistic regression model. Concordance between CT and MRI of the temporal bone was assessed using the kappa statistic. RESULTS The etiologies of hearing loss in our cohort were 37.8% genetic, 12.6% infectious, 1.4% ototoxin-induced, and 48.3% idiopathic. Brain MRI revealed cerebral developmental abnormalities in defined regions in >30% of the SNHL cohort, significantly more than in normal-hearing pediatric controls. The Sylvian fissure, Virchow-Robin spaces, and lateral ventricles were most commonly affected. In the temporal bone, the percentage of subjects with concordant findings on CT and MRI was ≥92% across all anatomical structures. CONCLUSION MRI revealed a high incidence of intracranial abnormalities, suggestive of aberrant development of auditory and nonauditory neural structures associated with SNHL. CT and MRI share a high degree of concordance in detecting temporal bone anomalies. Inclusion of MRI as part of the workup of congenital SNHL may facilitate the detection of developmental anomalies of the brain associated with SNHL.
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9
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McCullough S, Emmorey K. Effects of deafness and sign language experience on the human brain: voxel-based and surface-based morphometry. LANGUAGE, COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 36:422-439. [PMID: 33959670 PMCID: PMC8096161 DOI: 10.1080/23273798.2020.1854793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated how deafness and sign language experience affect the human brain by comparing neuroanatomical structures across congenitally deaf signers (n = 30), hearing native signers (n = 30), and hearing sign-naïve controls (n = 30). Both voxel-based and surface-based morphometry results revealed deafness-related structural changes in visual cortices (grey matter), right frontal lobe (gyrification), and left Heschl's gyrus (white matter). The comparisons also revealed changes associated with lifelong signing experience: expansions in the surface area within left anterior temporal and left occipital lobes, and a reduction in cortical thickness in the right occipital lobe for deaf and hearing signers. Structural changes within these brain regions may be related to adaptations in the neural networks involved in processing signed language (e.g. visual perception of face and body movements). Hearing native signers also had unique neuroanatomical changes (e.g. reduced gyrification in premotor areas), perhaps due to lifelong experience with both a spoken and a signed language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen McCullough
- Laboratory for Language and Cognitive Neuroscience, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Karen Emmorey
- Laboratory for Language and Cognitive Neuroscience, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
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10
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Qu H, Tang H, Pan J, Zhao Y, Wang W. Alteration of Cortical and Subcortical Structures in Children With Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:565445. [PMID: 33362488 PMCID: PMC7756106 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.565445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is an auditory disability associated with auditory and cognitive dysfunction. Due to distinct pathogenesis, some associated structural and functional changes within the brain have been investigated in previous studies, but whole-brain structural alterations are incompletely understood. We extended the exploration of neuroanatomic differences in whole-brain structure in children with profound SNHL who are primarily users of Chinese sign language (CSL). We employed surface-based morphometry (SBM) and subcortical analyses. T1-weighted magnetic resonance images of 26 children with profound SNHL and 27 age- and sex-matched children with normal hearing were analyzed. Compared with the normal control (NC) group, children with profound SNHL showed diverse structural changes in surface-based and subcortical analyses, including decreased cortical thickness in the left postcentral gyrus, superior parietal lobule, paracentral lobule, precuneus, the right transverse temporal gyri, and the middle temporal gyrus; a noticeable increase in the Local Gyrification Index (LGI) in the left precuneus and superior parietal lobule; and diverse changes in gray-matter volume (GMV) in different brain regions. Surface-based vertex analyses revealed regional contractions in the right thalamus, putamen, pallidum, and the brainstem of children with profound SNHL when compared with those in the NC group. Volumetric analyses showed decreased volumes of the right thalamus and pallidum in children with profound SNHL. Our data suggest that children with profound SNHL are associated with diffuse cerebral dysfunction to cortical and subcortical nuclei, and revealed neuroplastic reorganization in the precuneus, superior parietal lobule, and temporal gyrus. Our study provides robust evidence for changes in connectivity and structure in the brain associated with hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Qu
- Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hui Tang
- College of Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahao Pan
- Center for Orthopedic and Biomechanics Research, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
| | - Yi Zhao
- Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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11
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Hribar M, Šuput D, Battelino S, Vovk A. Review article: Structural brain alterations in prelingually deaf. Neuroimage 2020; 220:117042. [PMID: 32534128 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional studies show that our brain has a remarkable ability to reorganize itself in the absence of one or more sensory modalities. In this review, we gathered all the available articles investigating structural alterations in congenitally deaf subjects. Some concentrated only on specific regions of interest (e.g., auditory areas), while others examined the whole brain. The majority of structural alterations were observed in the auditory white matter and were more pronounced in the right hemisphere. A decreased white matter volume or fractional anisotropy in the auditory areas were the most common findings in congenitally deaf subjects. Only a few studies observed alterations in the auditory grey matter. Preservation of the grey matter might be due to the cross-modal plasticity as well as due to the lack of sensitivity of methods used for microstructural alterations of grey matter. Structural alterations were also observed in the frontal, visual, and other cerebral regions as well as in the cerebellum. The observed structural brain alterations in the deaf can probably be attributed mainly to the cross-modal plasticity in the absence of sound input and use of sign instead of spoken language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manja Hribar
- Center for Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dušan Šuput
- Center for Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Saba Battelino
- Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Vovk
- Center for Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia; Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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12
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Moon PK, Qian JZ, McKenna E, Xi K, Rowe NC, Ng NN, Zheng J, Tam LT, MacEachern SJ, Ahmad I, Cheng AG, Forkert ND, Yeom KW. Cerebral volume and diffusion MRI changes in children with sensorineural hearing loss. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2020; 27:102328. [PMID: 32622314 PMCID: PMC7334366 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Microstructural and macrostructural changes in sensorineural hearing loss. Magnetic resonance imaging as tool to assess cerebral volume and diffusion. Greater diffusion in cortex, thalamus, caudate, brainstem with hearing loss. Smaller brainstem volume with hearing loss. Connexin 26, Pendrin mutations show diffusion changes in brainstem and thalamus.
Purpose Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is the most prevalent congenital sensory deficit in children. Information regarding underlying brain microstructure could offer insight into neural development in deaf children and potentially guide therapies that optimize language development. We sought to quantitatively evaluate MRI-based cerebral volume and gray matter microstructure children with SNHL. Methods & Materials We conducted a retrospective study of children with SNHL who obtained brain MRI at 3 T. The study cohort comprised 63 children with congenital SNHL without known focal brain lesion or structural abnormality (33 males; mean age 5.3 years; age range 1 to 11.8 years) and 64 age-matched controls without neurological, developmental, or MRI-based brain macrostructure abnormality. An atlas-based analysis was used to extract quantitative volume and median diffusivity (ADC) in the following brain regions: cerebral cortex, thalamus, caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, brain stem, and cerebral white matter. SNHL patients were further stratified by severity scores and hearing loss etiology. Results Children with SNHL showed higher median ADC of the cortex (p = .019), thalamus (p < .001), caudate (p = .005), and brainstem (p = .003) and smaller brainstem volumes (p = .007) compared to controls. Patients with profound bilateral SNHL did not show any significant differences compared to patients with milder bilateral SNHL, but both cohorts independently had smaller brainstem volumes compared to controls. Children with unilateral SNHL showed greater amygdala volumes compared to controls (p = .021), but no differences were found comparing unilateral SNHL to bilateral SNHL. Based on etiology for SNHL, patients with Pendrin mutations showed higher ADC values in the brainstem (p = .029, respectively); patients with Connexin 26 showed higher ADC values in both the thalamus (p < .001) and brainstem (p < .001) compared to controls. Conclusion SNHL patients showed significant differences in diffusion and volume in brain subregions, with region-specific findings for patients with Connexin 26 and Pendrin mutations. Future longitudinal studies could examine macro- and microstructure changes in children with SNHL over development and potential predictive role for MRI after interventions including cochlear implant outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Moon
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jason Z Qian
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Emily McKenna
- Department of Radiology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kevin Xi
- Department of Radiology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nathan C Rowe
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nathan N Ng
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jimmy Zheng
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lydia T Tam
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sarah J MacEachern
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Iram Ahmad
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alan G Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nils D Forkert
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kristen W Yeom
- Department of Radiology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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13
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Simon M, Campbell E, Genest F, MacLean MW, Champoux F, Lepore F. The Impact of Early Deafness on Brain Plasticity: A Systematic Review of the White and Gray Matter Changes. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:206. [PMID: 32292323 PMCID: PMC7135892 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Auditory deprivation alters cortical and subcortical brain regions, primarily linked to auditory and language processing, resulting in behavioral consequences. Neuroimaging studies have reported various degrees of structural changes, yet multiple variables in deafness profiles need to be considered for proper interpretation of results. To date, many inconsistencies are reported in the gray and white matter alterations following early profound deafness. The purpose of this study was to provide the first systematic review synthesizing gray and white matter changes in deaf individuals. Methods: We conducted a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement in 27 studies comprising 626 deaf individuals. Results: Evidence shows that auditory deprivation significantly alters the white matter across the primary and secondary auditory cortices. The most consistent alteration across studies was in the bilateral superior temporal gyri. Furthermore, reductions in the fractional anisotropy of white matter fibers comprising in inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, the superior longitudinal fasciculus, and the subcortical auditory pathway are reported. The reviewed studies also suggest that gray and white matter integrity is sensitive to early sign language acquisition, attenuating the effect of auditory deprivation on neurocognitive development. Conclusions: These findings suggest that understanding cortical reorganization through gray and white matter changes in auditory and non-auditory areas is an important factor in the development of auditory rehabilitation strategies in the deaf population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Simon
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emma Campbell
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - François Genest
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michèle W MacLean
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - François Champoux
- École d'Orthophonie et d'Audiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Franco Lepore
- Département de Psychologie, Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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14
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Ratnanather JT. Structural neuroimaging of the altered brain stemming from pediatric and adolescent hearing loss-Scientific and clinical challenges. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 12:e1469. [PMID: 31802640 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There has been a spurt in structural neuroimaging studies of the effect of hearing loss on the brain. Specifically, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) technologies provide an opportunity to quantify changes in gray and white matter structures at the macroscopic scale. To date, there have been 32 MRI and 23 DTI studies that have analyzed structural differences accruing from pre- or peri-lingual pediatric hearing loss with congenital or early onset etiology and postlingual hearing loss in pre-to-late adolescence. Additionally, there have been 15 prospective clinical structural neuroimaging studies of children and adolescents being evaluated for cochlear implants. The results of the 70 studies are summarized in two figures and three tables. Plastic changes in the brain are seen to be multifocal rather than diffuse, that is, differences are consistent across regions implicated in the hearing, speech and language networks regardless of modes of communication and amplification. Structures in that play an important role in cognition are affected to a lesser extent. A limitation of these studies is the emphasis on volumetric measures and on homogeneous groups of subjects with hearing loss. It is suggested that additional measures of morphometry and connectivity could contribute to a greater understanding of the effect of hearing loss on the brain. Then an interpretation of the observed macroscopic structural differences is given. This is followed by discussion of how structural imaging can be combined with functional imaging to provide biomarkers for longitudinal tracking of amplification. This article is categorized under: Developmental Biology > Developmental Processes in Health and Disease Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Translational Medicine Laboratory Methods and Technologies > Imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tilak Ratnanather
- Center for Imaging Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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15
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Dissociation between Cerebellar and Cerebral Neural Activities in Humans with Long-Term Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:8354849. [PMID: 31049056 PMCID: PMC6458952 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8354849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal neural activity in the cerebellum has been implicated in hearing impairments, but the effects of long-term hearing loss on cerebellar function are poorly understood. To further explore the role of long-term bilateral sensorineural hearing loss on cerebellar function, we investigated hearing loss-induced changes among neural networks within cerebellar subregions and the changes in cerebellar-cerebral connectivity patterns using resting-state functional MRI. Twenty-one subjects with long-term bilateral moderate-to-severe sensorineural hearing loss and 21 matched controls with clinically normal hearing underwent MRI scanning and a series of neuropsychological tests targeting cognition and emotion. Voxel-wise functional connectivity (FC) analysis demonstrated decreased couplings between the cerebellum and other cerebral areas, including the temporal pole (TP), insula, supramarginal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), medial frontal gyrus, and thalamus, in long-term bilateral sensorineural hearing loss patients. An ROI-wise FC analysis found weakened interregional connections within cerebellar subdivisions. Moreover, there was a negative correlation between anxiety and FC between the left cerebellar lobe VI and left insula. Hearing ability and anxiety scores were also correlated with FC between the left cerebellar lobe VI and left TP, as well as the right cerebellar lobule VI and left IFG. Our results suggest that sensorineural hearing loss disrupts cerebellar-cerebral circuits, some potentially linked to anxiety, and interregional cerebellar connectivity. The findings contribute to a growing body showing that auditory deprivation caused by cochlear hearing loss disrupts not only activity with the classical auditory pathway but also portions of the cerebellum that communicates with other cortical networks.
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16
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Asami T, Yoshida H, Takaishi M, Nakamura R, Yoshimi A, Whitford TJ, Hirayasu Y. Thalamic shape and volume abnormalities in female patients with panic disorder. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208152. [PMID: 30566534 PMCID: PMC6300210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The thalamus is believed to play crucial role in processing viscero-sensory information, and regulating the activity of amygdala in patients with panic disorder (PD). Previous functional neuroimaging studies have detected abnormal activation in the thalamus in patients with PD compared with healthy control subjects (HC). Very few studies, however, have investigated for volumetric abnormalities in the thalamus in patients with PD. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, no previous study has investigated for shape abnormalities in the thalamus in patients with PD. Twenty-five patients with PD and 25 HC participants (all female) were recruited for the study. A voxel-wise volume comparison analysis and a vertex-wise shape analysis were conducted to evaluate structural abnormalities in the PD patients compared to HC. The patients with PD demonstrated significant gray matter volume reductions in the thalamus bilaterally, relative to the HC. The shape analysis detected significant inward deformation in some thalamic regions in the PD patients, including the anterior nucleus, mediodorsal nucleus, and pulvinar nucleus. PD patients showed shape deformations in key thalamic regions that are believed to play a role in regulating emotional and cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Asami
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Haruhisa Yoshida
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masao Takaishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ryota Nakamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Asuka Yoshimi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Thomas J. Whitford
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yoshio Hirayasu
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- Heian Hospital, Urazoe, Japan
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17
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Benetti S, Novello L, Maffei C, Rabini G, Jovicich J, Collignon O. White matter connectivity between occipital and temporal regions involved in face and voice processing in hearing and early deaf individuals. Neuroimage 2018; 179:263-274. [PMID: 29908936 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroplasticity following sensory deprivation has long inspired neuroscience research in the quest of understanding how sensory experience and genetics interact in developing the brain functional and structural architecture. Many studies have shown that sensory deprivation can lead to cross-modal functional recruitment of sensory deprived cortices. Little is known however about how structural reorganization may support these functional changes. In this study, we examined early deaf, hearing signer and hearing non-signer individuals using diffusion MRI to evaluate the potential structural connectivity linked to the functional recruitment of the temporal voice area by face stimuli in deaf individuals. More specifically, we characterized the structural connectivity between occipital, fusiform and temporal regions typically supporting voice- and face-selective processing. Despite the extensive functional reorganization for face processing in the temporal cortex of the deaf, macroscopic properties of these connections did not differ across groups. However, both occipito- and fusiform-temporal connections showed significant microstructural changes between groups (fractional anisotropy reduction, radial diffusivity increase). We propose that the reorganization of temporal regions after early auditory deprivation builds on intrinsic and mainly preserved anatomical connectivity between functionally specific temporal and occipital regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Benetti
- Center for Mind/Brain Studies, University of Trento, 38123, Trento, Italy.
| | - Lisa Novello
- Center for Mind/Brain Studies, University of Trento, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Chiara Maffei
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, 01129, USA
| | - Giuseppe Rabini
- Center for Mind/Brain Studies, University of Trento, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Jorge Jovicich
- Center for Mind/Brain Studies, University of Trento, 38123, Trento, Italy
| | - Olivier Collignon
- Center for Mind/Brain Studies, University of Trento, 38123, Trento, Italy; Institute of Research in Psychology (IPSY) and in Neuroscience (IoNS), University of Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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18
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Tarabichi O, Kozin ED, Kanumuri VV, Barber S, Ghosh S, Sitek KR, Reinshagen K, Herrmann B, Remenschneider AK, Lee DJ. Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Central Auditory Pathways in Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017; 158:432-442. [PMID: 29112481 PMCID: PMC10153551 DOI: 10.1177/0194599817739838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective The radiologic evaluation of patients with hearing loss includes computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to highlight temporal bone and cochlear nerve anatomy. The central auditory pathways are often not studied for routine clinical evaluation. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an emerging MRI-based modality that can reveal microstructural changes in white matter. In this systematic review, we summarize the value of DTI in the detection of structural changes of the central auditory pathways in patients with sensorineural hearing loss. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane. Review Methods We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement checklist for study design. All studies that included at least 1 sensorineural hearing loss patient with DTI outcome data were included. Results After inclusion and exclusion criteria were met, 20 articles were analyzed. Patients with bilateral hearing loss comprised 60.8% of all subjects. Patients with unilateral or progressive hearing loss and tinnitus made up the remaining studies. The auditory cortex and inferior colliculus (IC) were the most commonly studied regions using DTI, and most cases were found to have changes in diffusion metrics, such as fractional anisotropy, compared to normal hearing controls. Detectable changes in other auditory regions were reported, but there was a higher degree of variability. Conclusion White matter changes based on DTI metrics can be seen in patients with sensorineural hearing loss, but studies are few in number with modest sample sizes. Further standardization of DTI using a prospective study design with larger sample sizes is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Tarabichi
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,2 Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elliott D Kozin
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,2 Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vivek V Kanumuri
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,2 Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samuel Barber
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,3 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arizona, Arizona, USA
| | - Satra Ghosh
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,4 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Katherine Reinshagen
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,2 Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Barbara Herrmann
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,2 Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aaron K Remenschneider
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,2 Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,5 Department of Otolaryngology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel J Lee
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,2 Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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19
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Amaral L, Ganho-Ávila A, Osório A, Soares MJ, He D, Chen Q, Mahon BZ, Gonçalves OF, Sampaio A, Fang F, Bi Y, Almeida J. Hemispheric asymmetries in subcortical visual and auditory relay structures in congenital deafness. Eur J Neurosci 2016; 44:2334-9. [PMID: 27421820 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neuroplasticity - the capacity of the brain to change as a response to internal and external pressures - has been studied from a number of different perspectives. Perhaps one of the most powerful models is the study of populations that have been congenitally deprived of a sense. It has been shown that the right Auditory Cortex (AC) of congenitally deaf humans is neuroplastically modified in order to represent visual properties of a stimulus. One unresolved question is how this visual information is routed to the AC of congenitally deaf individuals. Here, we performed volumetric analysis of subcortical auditory and visual brains regions - namely the thalamus (along with three thalamic nuclei: the pulvinar, the lateral geniculate nucleus and the medial geniculate nucleus), and the inferior and superior colliculi - in deaf and hearing participants in order to identify which structures may be responsible for relaying visual information toward the altered AC. Because there is a hemispheric asymmetry in the neuroplastic changes observed in the AC of the congenitally deaf, we reasoned that subcortical structures that also showed a similar asymmetry in their total volume could have been enlisted in the effort of relaying visual information to the neuroplastically altered right AC. We show that for deaf, but not for hearing individuals, the right thalamus, right lateral geniculate nucleus and right inferior colliculus are larger than their left counterparts. These results suggest that these subcortical structures may be responsible for rerouting visual information to the AC in congenital deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Amaral
- Proaction Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-802, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - A Ganho-Ávila
- Proaction Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-802, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, Research Center in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Minho, Portugal
| | - A Osório
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M J Soares
- Proaction Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-802, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - D He
- Department of Psychology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Q Chen
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - B Z Mahon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - O F Gonçalves
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, Research Center in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Minho, Portugal.,Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Sampaio
- Neuropsychophysiology Laboratory, Research Center in Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Minho, Portugal
| | - F Fang
- Department of Psychology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - J Almeida
- Proaction Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3001-802, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. .,CINEICC, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Karns CM, Stevens C, Dow MW, Schorr EM, Neville HJ. Atypical white-matter microstructure in congenitally deaf adults: A region of interest and tractography study using diffusion-tensor imaging. Hear Res 2016; 343:72-82. [PMID: 27473505 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Considerable research documents the cross-modal reorganization of auditory cortices as a consequence of congenital deafness, with remapped functions that include visual and somatosensory processing of both linguistic and nonlinguistic information. Structural changes accompany this cross-modal neuroplasticity, but precisely which specific structural changes accompany congenital and early deafness and whether there are group differences in hemispheric asymmetries remain to be established. Here, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine microstructural white matter changes accompanying cross-modal reorganization in 23 deaf adults who were genetically, profoundly, and congenitally deaf, having learned sign language from infancy with 26 hearing controls who participated in our previous fMRI studies of cross-modal neuroplasticity. In contrast to prior literature using a whole-brain approach, we introduce a semiautomatic method for demarcating auditory regions in which regions of interest (ROIs) are defined on the normalized white matter skeleton for all participants, projected into each participants native space, and manually constrained to anatomical boundaries. White-matter ROIs were left and right Heschl's gyrus (HG), left and right anterior superior temporal gyrus (aSTG), left and right posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG), as well as one tractography-defined region in the splenium of the corpus callosum connecting homologous left and right superior temporal regions (pCC). Within these regions, we measured fractional anisotropy (FA), radial diffusivity (RD), axial diffusivity (AD), and white-matter volume. Congenitally deaf adults had reduced FA and volume in white matter structures underlying bilateral HG, aSTG, pSTG, and reduced FA in pCC. In HG and pCC, this reduction in FA corresponded with increased RD, but differences in aSTG and pSTG could not be localized to alterations in RD or AD. Direct statistical tests of hemispheric asymmetries in these differences indicated the most prominent effects in pSTG, where the largest differences between groups occurred in the right hemisphere. Other regions did not show significant hemispheric asymmetries in group differences. Taken together, these results indicate that atypical white matter microstructure and reduced volume underlies regions of superior temporal primary and association auditory cortex and introduce a robust method for quantifying volumetric and white matter microstructural differences that can be applied to future studies of special populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark W Dow
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, USA
| | | | - Helen J Neville
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, USA; Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, USA
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Smittenaar CR, MacSweeney M, Sereno MI, Schwarzkopf DS. Does Congenital Deafness Affect the Structural and Functional Architecture of Primary Visual Cortex? Open Neuroimag J 2016; 10:1-19. [PMID: 27014392 PMCID: PMC4787313 DOI: 10.2174/1874440001610010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Deafness results in greater reliance on the remaining senses. It is unknown whether the cortical architecture of the intact senses is optimized to compensate for lost input. Here we performed widefield population receptive field (pRF) mapping of primary visual cortex (V1) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in hearing and congenitally deaf participants, all of whom had learnt sign language after the age of 10 years. We found larger pRFs encoding the peripheral visual field of deaf compared to hearing participants. This was likely driven by larger facilitatory center zones of the pRF profile concentrated in the near and far periphery in the deaf group. pRF density was comparable between groups, indicating pRFs overlapped more in the deaf group. This could suggest that a coarse coding strategy underlies enhanced peripheral visual skills in deaf people. Cortical thickness was also decreased in V1 in the deaf group. These findings suggest deafness causes structural and functional plasticity at the earliest stages of visual cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Smittenaar
- Experimental Psychology, University College London 26 Bedford Way, WC1H 0AP, London
| | - M MacSweeney
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, WC1N 3AR, London; Deafness, Cognition and Language Research Centre, University College London, 49 Gordon Square, WC1H 0PD, London
| | - M I Sereno
- Experimental Psychology, University College London 26 Bedford Way, WC1H 0AP, London; Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet Street, WC1E 7HX, London
| | - D S Schwarzkopf
- Experimental Psychology, University College London 26 Bedford Way, WC1H 0AP, London; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, WC1N 3AR, London
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Cardin V, Smittenaar RC, Orfanidou E, Rönnberg J, Capek CM, Rudner M, Woll B. Differential activity in Heschl's gyrus between deaf and hearing individuals is due to auditory deprivation rather than language modality. Neuroimage 2015; 124:96-106. [PMID: 26348556 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory cortices undergo crossmodal reorganisation as a consequence of sensory deprivation. Congenital deafness in humans represents a particular case with respect to other types of sensory deprivation, because cortical reorganisation is not only a consequence of auditory deprivation, but also of language-driven mechanisms. Visual crossmodal plasticity has been found in secondary auditory cortices of deaf individuals, but it is still unclear if reorganisation also takes place in primary auditory areas, and how this relates to language modality and auditory deprivation. Here, we dissociated the effects of language modality and auditory deprivation on crossmodal plasticity in Heschl's gyrus as a whole, and in cytoarchitectonic region Te1.0 (likely to contain the core auditory cortex). Using fMRI, we measured the BOLD response to viewing sign language in congenitally or early deaf individuals with and without sign language knowledge, and in hearing controls. Results show that differences between hearing and deaf individuals are due to a reduction in activation caused by visual stimulation in the hearing group, which is more significant in Te1.0 than in Heschl's gyrus as a whole. Furthermore, differences between deaf and hearing groups are due to auditory deprivation, and there is no evidence that the modality of language used by deaf individuals contributes to crossmodal plasticity in Heschl's gyrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velia Cardin
- Deafness, Cognition and Language Research Centre, 49 Gordon Square, University College London, London WC1H 0BT, UK; Linnaeus Centre HEAD, Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Sweden.
| | - Rebecca C Smittenaar
- Experimental Psychology, 26 Bedford Way, University College London, London WC1H 0AP, UK
| | - Eleni Orfanidou
- Deafness, Cognition and Language Research Centre, 49 Gordon Square, University College London, London WC1H 0BT, UK; School of Psychology, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Jerker Rönnberg
- Linnaeus Centre HEAD, Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Cheryl M Capek
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Mary Rudner
- Linnaeus Centre HEAD, Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Bencie Woll
- Deafness, Cognition and Language Research Centre, 49 Gordon Square, University College London, London WC1H 0BT, UK
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23
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Bernstein LE, Liebenthal E. Neural pathways for visual speech perception. Front Neurosci 2014; 8:386. [PMID: 25520611 PMCID: PMC4248808 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper examines the questions, what levels of speech can be perceived visually, and how is visual speech represented by the brain? Review of the literature leads to the conclusions that every level of psycholinguistic speech structure (i.e., phonetic features, phonemes, syllables, words, and prosody) can be perceived visually, although individuals differ in their abilities to do so; and that there are visual modality-specific representations of speech qua speech in higher-level vision brain areas. That is, the visual system represents the modal patterns of visual speech. The suggestion that the auditory speech pathway receives and represents visual speech is examined in light of neuroimaging evidence on the auditory speech pathways. We outline the generally agreed-upon organization of the visual ventral and dorsal pathways and examine several types of visual processing that might be related to speech through those pathways, specifically, face and body, orthography, and sign language processing. In this context, we examine the visual speech processing literature, which reveals widespread diverse patterns of activity in posterior temporal cortices in response to visual speech stimuli. We outline a model of the visual and auditory speech pathways and make several suggestions: (1) The visual perception of speech relies on visual pathway representations of speech qua speech. (2) A proposed site of these representations, the temporal visual speech area (TVSA) has been demonstrated in posterior temporal cortex, ventral and posterior to multisensory posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS). (3) Given that visual speech has dynamic and configural features, its representations in feedforward visual pathways are expected to integrate these features, possibly in TVSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne E Bernstein
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, George Washington University Washington, DC, USA
| | - Einat Liebenthal
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee, WI, USA ; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston, MA, USA
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