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Boetzel C, Stecher HI, Herrmann CS. Aligning Event-Related Potentials with Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation for Modulation-a Review. Brain Topogr 2024; 37:933-946. [PMID: 38689065 PMCID: PMC11408541 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-024-01055-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
This review aims to demonstrate the connections between event-related potentials (ERPs), event-related oscillations (EROs), and non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), with a specific focus on transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). We begin with a short examination and discussion of the relation between ERPs and EROs. Then, we investigate the diverse fields of NIBS, highlighting tACS as a potent tool for modulating neural oscillations and influencing cognitive performance. Emphasizing the impact of tACS on individual ERP components, this article offers insights into the potential of conventional tACS for targeted stimulation of single ERP components. Furthermore, we review recent articles that explore a novel approach of tACS: ERP-aligned tACS. This innovative technique exploits the temporal precision of ERP components, aligning tACS with specific neural events to optimize stimulation effects and target the desired neural response. In conclusion, this review combines current knowledge to explore how ERPs, EROs, and NIBS interact, particularly highlighting the modulatory possibilities offered by tACS. The incorporation of ERP-aligned tACS introduces new opportunities for future research, advancing our understanding of the complex connection between neural oscillations and cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Boetzel
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, Cluster for Excellence "Hearing for All", Carl Von Ossietzky University, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114 - 118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Heiko I Stecher
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, Cluster for Excellence "Hearing for All", Carl Von Ossietzky University, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114 - 118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Christoph S Herrmann
- Experimental Psychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, Cluster for Excellence "Hearing for All", Carl Von Ossietzky University, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114 - 118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany.
- Neuroimaging Unit, European Medical School, Carl Von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.
- Research Center Neurosensory Science, Carl Von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany.
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2
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Souter NE, Bhagwat N, Racey C, Wilkinson R, Duncan NW, Samuel G, Lannelongue L, Selvan R, Rae CL. Measuring and reducing the carbon footprint of fMRI preprocessing in fMRIPrep. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e70003. [PMID: 39185668 PMCID: PMC11345634 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.70003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Computationally expensive data processing in neuroimaging research places demands on energy consumption-and the resulting carbon emissions contribute to the climate crisis. We measured the carbon footprint of the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) preprocessing tool fMRIPrep, testing the effect of varying parameters on estimated carbon emissions and preprocessing performance. Performance was quantified using (a) statistical individual-level task activation in regions of interest and (b) mean smoothness of preprocessed data. Eight variants of fMRIPrep were run with 257 participants who had completed an fMRI stop signal task (the same data also used in the original validation of fMRIPrep). Some variants led to substantial reductions in carbon emissions without sacrificing data quality: for instance, disabling FreeSurfer surface reconstruction reduced carbon emissions by 48%. We provide six recommendations for minimising emissions without compromising performance. By varying parameters and computational resources, neuroimagers can substantially reduce the carbon footprint of their preprocessing. This is one aspect of our research carbon footprint over which neuroimagers have control and agency to act upon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikhil Bhagwat
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute – Hospital)McGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Chris Racey
- School of PsychologyUniversity of SussexBrightonUK
- Sussex NeuroscienceUniversity of SussexBrightonUK
| | - Reese Wilkinson
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of SussexBrightonUK
| | - Niall W. Duncan
- Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and ConsciousnessTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Gabrielle Samuel
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Loïc Lannelongue
- Cambridge Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Department of Public Health and Primary CareUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary CareUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Health Data Research UK CambridgeWellcome Genome Campus and University of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Raghavendra Selvan
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Department of NeuroscienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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Cai J, Xie M, Liang S, Gong J, Deng W, Guo W, Ma X, Sham PC, Wang Q, Li T. Dysfunction of thalamocortical circuits in early-onset schizophrenia. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae313. [PMID: 39106176 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that the thalamus is involved in multiple functional circuits in participants with schizophrenia. However, less is known about the thalamocortical circuit in the rare subtype of early-onset schizophrenia. A total of 110 participants with early-onset schizophrenia (47 antipsychotic-naive patients) and 70 matched healthy controls were recruited and underwent resting-state functional and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans. A data-driven parcellation method that combined the high spatial resolution of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and the high sensitivity of functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to divide the thalamus. Next, the functional connectivity between each thalamic subdivision and the cortex/cerebellum was investigated. Compared to healthy controls, individuals with early-onset schizophrenia exhibited hypoconnectivity between subdivisions of the thalamus and the frontoparietal network, visual network, ventral attention network, somatomotor network and cerebellum, and hyperconnectivity between subdivisions of thalamus and the parahippocampal and temporal gyrus, which were included in limbic network. The functional connectivity between the right posterior cingulate cortex and 1 subdivision of the thalamus (region of interest 1) was positively correlated with the general psychopathology scale score. This study showed that the specific thalamocortical dysconnection in individuals with early-onset schizophrenia involves the prefrontal, auditory and visual cortices, and cerebellum. This study identified thalamocortical connectivity as a potential biomarker and treatment target for early-onset schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Cai
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 28th Dianxin Nan Str. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Min Xie
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 28th Dianxin Nan Str. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Sugai Liang
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 305th Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Jinnan Gong
- School of Computer Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, No. 2006th, Xiyuan Road, Pidu District, Chengdu, Sichuan 611700, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 305th Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Wanjun Guo
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 305th Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 28th Dianxin Nan Str. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Pak C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Central and Western District, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, 999077, China
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Central and Western District, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Central and Western District, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, 999077, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 28th Dianxin Nan Str. Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Tao Li
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 305th Tianmushan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
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4
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Di Fuccio R, Lardone A, De Luca M, Ali L, Limone P, Marangolo P. Neurobiological Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over the Inferior Frontal Gyrus: A Systematic Review on Cognitive Enhancement in Healthy and Neurological Adults. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1146. [PMID: 38927353 PMCID: PMC11200721 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The neurobiological effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have still not been unequivocally clarified. Some studies have suggested that the application of tDCS over the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) enhances different aspects of cognition in healthy and neurological individuals, exerting neural changes over the target area and its neural surroundings. In this systematic review, randomized sham-controlled trials in healthy and neurological adults were selected through a database search to explore whether tDCS over the IFG combined with cognitive training modulates functional connectivity or neural changes. Twenty studies were finally included, among which twelve measured tDCS effects through functional magnetic resonance (fMRI), two through functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and six through electroencephalography (EEG). Due to the high heterogeneity observed across studies, data were qualitatively described and compared to assess reliability. Overall, studies that combined fMRI and tDCS showed widespread changes in functional connectivity at both local and distant brain regions. The findings also suggested that tDCS may also modulate electrophysiological changes underlying the targeted area. However, these outcomes were not always accompanied by corresponding significant behavioral results. This work raises the question concerning the general efficacy of tDCS, the implications of which extend to the steadily increasing tDCS literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Di Fuccio
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Telematic University of Pegaso, Piazza dei Santi Apostoli 49, 00187 Rome, Italy; (R.D.F.); (L.A.); (P.L.)
| | - Anna Lardone
- Department of Humanities Studies, University Federico II, Via Porta di Massa 1, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.L.); (M.D.L.)
| | - Mariagiovanna De Luca
- Department of Humanities Studies, University Federico II, Via Porta di Massa 1, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.L.); (M.D.L.)
| | - Leila Ali
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Telematic University of Pegaso, Piazza dei Santi Apostoli 49, 00187 Rome, Italy; (R.D.F.); (L.A.); (P.L.)
| | - Pierpaolo Limone
- Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Telematic University of Pegaso, Piazza dei Santi Apostoli 49, 00187 Rome, Italy; (R.D.F.); (L.A.); (P.L.)
| | - Paola Marangolo
- Department of Humanities Studies, University Federico II, Via Porta di Massa 1, 80133 Naples, Italy; (A.L.); (M.D.L.)
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Mendes AJ, Galdo-Álvarez S, Lema A, Carvalho S, Leite J. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Decreases P3 Amplitude and Inherent Delta Activity during a Waiting Impulsivity Paradigm: Crossover Study. Brain Sci 2024; 14:168. [PMID: 38391742 PMCID: PMC10887229 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The inability to wait for a target before initiating an action (i.e., waiting impulsivity) is one of the main features of addictive behaviors. Current interventions for addiction, such as transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), have been suggested to improve this inability. Nonetheless, the effects of tDCS on waiting impulsivity and underlying electrophysiological (EEG) markers are still not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of neuromodulation over the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) on the behavior and EEG markers of reward anticipation (i.e., cue and target-P3 and underlying delta/theta power) during a premature responding task. For that, forty healthy subjects participated in two experimental sessions, where they received active and sham tDCS over the rIFG combined with EEG recording during the task. To evaluate transfer effects, participants also performed two control tasks to assess delay discounting and motor inhibition. The active tDCS decreased the cue-P3 and target-P3 amplitudes, as well as delta power during target-P3. While no tDCS effects were found for motor inhibition, active tDCS increased the discounting of future rewards when compared to sham. These findings suggest a tDCS-induced modulation of the P3 component and underlying oscillatory activity during waiting impulsivity and the discounting of future rewards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto J Mendes
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4704-553 Braga, Portugal
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging (LANVIE), University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Geneva Memory Center, Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Santiago Galdo-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Neurociencia Cognitiva, Departamento de Psicoloxía Clínica e Psicobioloxía, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 1205 Galicia, Spain
| | - Alberto Lema
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4704-553 Braga, Portugal
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Department of Education and Psychology, William James Center for Research (WJCR), University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Center for Health Technology and Services Research at the Associate Laboratory RISE-Health Research Network, Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge Leite
- CINTESIS@RISE, CINTESIS.UPT, Portucalense University, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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Fine JM, Mysore AS, Fini ME, Tyler WJ, Santello M. Transcranial focused ultrasound to human rIFG improves response inhibition through modulation of the P300 onset latency. eLife 2023; 12:e86190. [PMID: 38117053 PMCID: PMC10796145 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition in humans is important to avoid undesirable behavioral action consequences. Neuroimaging and lesion studies point to a locus of inhibitory control in the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG). Electrophysiology studies have implicated a downstream event-related potential from rIFG, the fronto-central P300, as a putative neural marker of the success and timing of inhibition over behavioral responses. However, it remains to be established whether rIFG effectively drives inhibition and which aspect of P300 activity uniquely indexes inhibitory control-ERP timing or amplitude. Here, we dissect the connection between rIFG and P300 for inhibition by using transcranial-focused ultrasound (tFUS) to target rIFG of human subjects while they performed a Stop-Signal task. By applying tFUS simultaneously with different task events, we found behavioral inhibition was improved, but only when applied to rIFG simultaneously with a 'stop' signal. Improved inhibition through tFUS to rIFG was indexed by faster stopping times that aligned with significantly shorter N200/P300 onset latencies. In contrast, P300 amplitude was modulated during tFUS across all groups without a paired change in behavior. Using tFUS, we provide evidence for a causal connection between anatomy, behavior, and electrophysiology underlying response inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Fine
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Archana S Mysore
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Maria E Fini
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - William J Tyler
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Marco Santello
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
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7
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Ding Q, Lin T, Cai G, Ou Z, Yao S, Zhu H, Lan Y. Individual differences in beta-band oscillations predict motor-inhibitory control. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1131862. [PMID: 36937674 PMCID: PMC10014589 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1131862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The ability of motor-inhibitory control is critical in daily life. The physiological mechanisms underlying motor inhibitory control deficits remain to be elucidated. Beta band oscillations have been suggested to be related to motor performance, but whether they relate to motor-inhibitory control remains unclear. This study is aimed at systematically investigating the relationship between beta band oscillations and motor-inhibitory control to determine whether beta band oscillations were related to the ability of motor-inhibitory control. Methods We studied 30 healthy young adults (age: 21.6 ± 1.5 years). Stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) was derived from stop signal task, indicating the ability of motor-inhibitory control. Resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded for 12 min. Beta band power and functional connectivity (including global efficiency) were calculated. Correlations between beta band oscillations and SSRT were performed. Results Beta band EEG power in left and right motor cortex (MC), right somatosensory cortex (SC), and right inferior frontal cortex (IFC) was positively correlated with SSRT (P's = 0.031, 0.021, 0.045, and 0.015, respectively). Beta band coherence between bilateral MC, SC, and IFC was also positively correlated with SSRT (P's < 0.05). Beta band global efficiency was positively correlated with SSRT (P = 0.01). Conclusion This is the first study to investigate the relationship between resting-state cortical beta oscillations and response inhibition. Our findings revealed that individuals with better ability of motor inhibitory control tend to have less cortical beta band power and functional connectivity. This study has clinical significance on the underlying mechanisms of motor inhibitory control deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aging Frailty and Neurorehabilitation, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tuo Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guiyuan Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zitong Ou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shantong Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongxiang Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Hongxiang Zhu,
| | - Yue Lan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aging Frailty and Neurorehabilitation, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Yue Lan,
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Westwood SJ, Criaud M, Lam SL, Lukito S, Wallace-Hanlon S, Kowalczyk OS, Kostara A, Mathew J, Agbedjro D, Wexler BE, Cohen Kadosh R, Asherson P, Rubia K. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with cognitive training in adolescent boys with ADHD: a double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial. Psychol Med 2023; 53:497-512. [PMID: 34225830 PMCID: PMC9899574 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721001859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could be a side-effect-free alternative to psychostimulants in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although there is limited evidence for clinical and cognitive effects, most studies were small, single-session and stimulated left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). No sham-controlled study has stimulated the right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC), which is the most consistently under-functioning region in ADHD, with multiple anodal-tDCS sessions combined with cognitive training (CT) to enhance effects. Thus, we investigated the clinical and cognitive effects of multi-session anodal-tDCS over rIFC combined with CT in double-blind, randomised, sham-controlled trial (RCT, ISRCTN48265228). METHODS Fifty boys with ADHD (10-18 years) received 15 weekday sessions of anodal- or sham-tDCS over rIFC combined with CT (20 min, 1 mA). ANCOVA, adjusting for baseline measures, age and medication status, tested group differences in clinical and ADHD-relevant executive functions at posttreatment and after 6 months. RESULTS ADHD-Rating Scale, Conners ADHD Index and adverse effects were significantly lower at post-treatment after sham relative to anodal tDCS. No other effects were significant. CONCLUSIONS This rigorous and largest RCT of tDCS in adolescent boys with ADHD found no evidence of improved ADHD symptoms or cognitive performance following multi-session anodal tDCS over rIFC combined with CT. These findings extend limited meta-analytic evidence of cognitive and clinical effects in ADHD after 1-5 tDCS sessions over mainly left dlPFC. Given that tDCS is commercially and clinically available, the findings are important as they suggest that rIFC stimulation may not be indicated as a neurotherapy for cognitive or clinical remediation for ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J. Westwood
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marion Criaud
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sheut-Ling Lam
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Steve Lukito
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Olivia S. Kowalczyk
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Afroditi Kostara
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joseph Mathew
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Bruce E. Wexler
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Roi Cohen Kadosh
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Philip Asherson
- Social Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Katya Rubia
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
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9
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Hu Y, Liu T, Song S, Qin K, Chan W. The specific brain activity of dual task coordination: a theoretical conflict-control model based on a qualitative and quantitative review. JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2022.2143788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianliang Liu
- Department of Psychology, The Southwest University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sensen Song
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiyang Qin
- Social, Health & Organizational Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Wai Chan
- Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Guo Z, Gong Y, Lu H, Qiu R, Wang X, Zhu X, You X. Multitarget high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation improves response inhibition more than single-target high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation in healthy participants. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:905247. [PMID: 35968393 PMCID: PMC9372262 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.905247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies have focused on single-target anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) or pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) to improve response inhibition in healthy individuals. However, the results are contradictory and the effect of multitarget anodal stimulation over both brain regions has never been investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the behavioral and neurophysiological effects of different forms of anodal high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) on improving response inhibition, including HD-tDCS over the rIFG or pre-SMA and multitarget HD-tDCS over both areas. Ninety-two healthy participants were randomly assigned to receive single-session (20 min) anodal HD-tDCS over rIFG + pre-SMA, rIFG, pre-SMA, or sham stimulation. Before and immediately after tDCS intervention, participants completed a stop-signal task (SST) and a go/nogo task (GNG). Their cortical activity was recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the go/nogo task. The results showed multitarget stimulation produced a significant reduction in stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) relative to baseline. The pre-to-post SSRT change was not significant for rIFG, pre-SMA, or sham stimulation. Further analyses revealed multitarget HD-tDCS significantly decreased SSRT in both the high-performance and low-performance subgroups compared with the rIFG condition which decreased SSRT only in the low-performance subgroup. Only the multitarget condition significantly improved neural efficiency as indexed by lower △oxy-Hb after stimulation. In conclusion, the present study provides important preliminary evidence that multitarget HD-tDCS is a promising avenue to improve stimulation efficacy, establishing a more effective montage to enhance response inhibition relative to the commonly used single-target stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Guo
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yue Gong
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hongliang Lu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Qiu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinlu Wang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xia Zhu,
| | - Xuqun You
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- Xuqun You,
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11
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Civile C, McLaren IPL. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) eliminates the other-race effect (ORE) indexed by the face inversion effect for own versus other-race faces. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12958. [PMID: 35902662 PMCID: PMC9333056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17294-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate here individuals’ reduced ability to recognise faces from other racial backgrounds, a robust phenomenon named the other-race effect (ORE). In this literature the term “race” is used to refer to visually distinct ethnic groups. In our study, we will refer to two of such groups: Western Caucasian (also known as White European) and East Asian e.g., Chinese, Japanese, Korean. This study applied the tDCS procedure (double-blind, 10 min duration, 1.5 mA intensity, targeting Fp3 location), developed in the perceptual learning literature, specifically used to remove the expertise component of the face inversion effect (FIE), which consists of higher recognition performance for upright than inverted faces. In the tDCS-sham condition (N = 48) we find a robust ORE i.e., significantly larger FIE for own versus other-race faces due to higher performance for upright own-race faces. Critically, in the anodal-tDCS condition (N = 48) the FIE for own-race faces was significantly reduced compared to sham due to impaired performance for upright faces thus eliminating the cross-race interaction index of the ORE. Our results support the major role that perceptual expertise, manifesting through perceptual learning, has in determining the ORE indexed by the FIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Civile
- School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
| | - I P L McLaren
- School of Psychology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
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12
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Fusco G, Cristiano A, Perazzini A, Aglioti SM. Neuromodulating the performance monitoring network during conflict and error processing in healthy populations: Insights from transcranial electric stimulation studies. Front Integr Neurosci 2022; 16:953928. [PMID: 35965598 PMCID: PMC9368590 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2022.953928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance monitoring system is fundamentally important for adapting one’s own behavior in conflicting and error-prone, highly demanding circumstances. Flexible behavior requires that neuronal populations optimize information processing through efficient multi-scale communication. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) studies using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) fields to alter the cortical activity promise to illuminate the neurophysiological mechanisms that underpin neuro-cognitive and behavioral processing and their causal relationship. Here, we focus on the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) that have been increasingly used in cognitive neuroscience for modulating superficial neural networks in a polarity (tDCS) and frequency/phase (tACS) fashion. Specifically, we discuss recent evidence showing how tDCS and tACS modulate the performance monitoring network in neurotypical samples. Emphasis is given to studies using behavioral tasks tapping conflict and error processing such as the Stroop, the Flanker, and the Simon tasks. The crucial role of mid-frontal brain regions (such as the medial frontal cortex, MFC; and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, dACC) and of theta synchronization in monitoring conflict and error is highlighted. We also discuss current technological limitations (e.g., spatial resolution) and the specific methodological strategies needed to properly modulate the cortical and subcortical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Fusco
- “Sapienza” University of Rome and CLN2S@SAPIENZA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gabriele Fusco,
| | - Azzurra Cristiano
- “Sapienza” University of Rome and CLN2S@SAPIENZA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Perazzini
- “Sapienza” University of Rome and CLN2S@SAPIENZA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Maria Aglioti
- “Sapienza” University of Rome and CLN2S@SAPIENZA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
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13
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Cancellation but not restraint ability is modulated by trait anxiety: An event-related potential and oscillation study using Go-Nogo and stop-signal tasks. J Affect Disord 2022; 299:188-195. [PMID: 34863714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trait anxiety has a detrimental effect on attention, which further leads to dysfunction of inhibitory control. However, there is no study examining how trait anxiety modulates inhibitory abilities on restraint and cancellation in the same subjects. Therefore, we aimed to use electrophysiological recordings to interrogate whether and to what extent trait anxiety modulated these two kinds of inhibitory functions. The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), a self-reported assessment of daily absentmindedness, was also used to examine its association with inhibition-related electrophysiological indicators. METHODS Forty subjects were recruited from the top 10% (Higher Trait Anxiety [HTA], n= 20) and last 10% (Lower Trait Anxiety [LTA], n= 20) of the trait anxiety score distribution from 400 college students. During electrophysiological recordings, the Go-Nogo and stop-signal tasks were performed, which evaluated the abilities of restraint and cancellation, respectively. RESULTS The HTA and LTA groups showed a comparable behavioral performance of restraint and cancellation abilities. However, the results of time-frequency analysis revealed that those with HTA demonstrated a stronger power of alpha oscillations (600‒1000 ms) in response to Stop trials in the stop-signal task, compared with individuals with LTA. Such oscillatory activity was positively correlated with the CFQ score. There was no significant between-group difference of the brain activation in the Go-Nogo task. LIMITATIONS Future studies can recruit both individuals with trait anxiety and anxiety disorders to clarify the boundaries between healthy and pathological worries in terms of cancellation ability. CONCLUSIONS cancellation, but not restraint, is modulated by trait anxiety.
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14
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Mozaffari M, Hassani-Abharian P, Kholghi G, Vaseghi S, Zarrindast MR, Nasehi M. Treatment with RehaCom computerized rehabilitation program improves response control, but not attention in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). J Clin Neurosci 2022; 98:149-153. [PMID: 35180505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric disorder in children. ADHD impairs attention, response control, emotion regulation, and other cognitive functions. On the other hand, RehaCom is a cognitive rehabilitation software that has therapeutic effects on cognitive dysfunctions in many diseases such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and schizophrenia. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of treatment with RehaCom on auditory and visual response control, and auditory and visual attention in children with ADHD. Forty patients were selected. The participants were assigned to control (n = 20) and experimental (n = 20) groups, while only the participants in the experimental group were trained by RehaCom for five weeks (ten 45-min sessions, two sessions per week). At weeks 0 and 5, performance of the participants of experimental group was compared with the participants of control group. The results showed that treatment with RehaCom significantly improved auditory and visual response control in children with ADHD, with no effect on auditory and visual attention. In conclusion, RehaCom may alter brain's structural and functional properties that are related to response control. We suggest that attention deficit in ADHD may be a result of more complicated dysfunctions in the brain, that are not affected by RehaCom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Mozaffari
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Gita Kholghi
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Mardani P, Zolghadriha A, Dadashi M, Javdani H, Mousavi SE. Effect of medication therapy combined with transcranial direct current stimulation on depression and response inhibition of patients with bipolar disorder type I: a clinical trial. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:579. [PMID: 34789181 PMCID: PMC8596350 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bipolar Disorder (BD) is one of the most common mental disorders associated with depressive symptoms and impairment in executive functions such as response inhibition. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of medication therapy combined with Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on depression and response inhibition of patients with BD. METHOD This is a double-blinded randomized clinical trial with pretest, posttest, and follow-up design. Participants were 30 patients with BD randomly assigned to two groups of Medication+tDCS (n = 15, receiving medications plus tDCS with 2 mA intensity over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for 10 days, two sessions per day each for 20 min) and Medication (n = 15, receiving mood stabilizers including 2-5 tables of 300 mg (mg) lithium, 200 mg sodium valproate, and 200 mg carbamazepine two times per day). Pretest, posttest and 3-month follow-up assessments were the 21-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and a Go/No-Go test. Collected data were analyzed in SPSS v.20 software. RESULTS The mean HDRS score in both groups was reduced after both interventional techniques, where the group received combined therapy showed more reduction (P < 0.01), although their effects were not maintained after 3 months. In examining response inhibition variable, only the combined therapy could reduce the commission error of patients under a go/no-go task (p < 0.05), but its effect was not maintained after 3 months. There was no significant difference in the group received medication therapy alone. CONCLUSION Medication in combination with tDCS can reduce the depressive symptoms and improve the response inhibition ability of people with BD. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was registred by Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Parallel, ID: IRCT20191229045931N1 , Registration date: 24/08/2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Parnaz Mardani
- grid.469309.10000 0004 0612 8427Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Zolghadriha
- grid.469309.10000 0004 0612 8427Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Dadashi
- grid.469309.10000 0004 0612 8427Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hossein Javdani
- grid.412606.70000 0004 0405 433XDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Elnaz Mousavi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Fehring DJ, Samandra R, Haque ZZ, Jaberzadeh S, Rosa M, Mansouri FA. Investigating the sex-dependent effects of prefrontal cortex stimulation on response execution and inhibition. Biol Sex Differ 2021; 12:47. [PMID: 34404467 PMCID: PMC8369781 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-021-00390-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Context-dependent execution or inhibition of a response is an important aspect of executive control, which is impaired in neuropsychological and addiction disorders. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been considered a remedial approach to address deficits in response control; however, considerable variability has been observed in tDCS effects. These variabilities might be related to contextual differences such as background visual-auditory stimuli or subjects' sex. In this study, we examined the interaction of two contextual factors, participants' sex and background acoustic stimuli, in modulating the effects of tDCS on response inhibition and execution. In a sham-controlled and cross-over (repeated-measure) design, 73 participants (37 females) performed a Stop-Signal Task in different background acoustic conditions before and after tDCS (anodal or sham) was applied over the DLPFC. Participants had to execute a speeded response in Go trials but inhibit their response in Stop trials. Participants' sex was fully counterbalanced across all experimental conditions (acoustic and tDCS). We found significant practice-related learning that appeared as changes in indices of response inhibition (stop-signal reaction time and percentage of successful inhibition) and action execution (response time and percentage correct). The tDCS and acoustic stimuli interactively influenced practice-related changes in response inhibition and these effects were uniformly seen in both males and females. However, the effects of tDCS on response execution (percentage of correct responses) were sex-dependent in that practice-related changes diminished in females but heightened in males. Our findings indicate that participants' sex influenced the effects of tDCS on the execution, but not inhibition, of responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Fehring
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Integrative Brain Function, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Ranshikha Samandra
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Zakia Z Haque
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Shapour Jaberzadeh
- Department of Physiotherapy, Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation & Neuroplasticity Laboratory, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3199, Australia
| | - Marcello Rosa
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Integrative Brain Function, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Farshad A Mansouri
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Integrative Brain Function, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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17
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Friehs MA, Frings C, Hartwigsen G. Effects of single-session transcranial direct current stimulation on reactive response inhibition. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 128:749-765. [PMID: 34271027 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is widely used to explore the role of various cortical regions for reactive response inhibition. In recent years, tDCS studies reported polarity-, time- and stimulation-site dependent effects on response inhibition. Given the large parameter space in which study designs, tDCS procedures and task procedures can differ, it is crucial to systematically explore the existing tDCS literature to increase the current understanding of potential modulatory effects and limitations of different approaches. We performed a systematic review on the modulatory effects of tDCS on response inhibition as measured by the Stop-Signal Task. The final dataset shows a large variation in methodology and heterogeneous effects of tDCS on performance. The most consistent result across studies is a performance enhancement due to anodal tDCS over the right prefrontal cortex. Partially sub-optimal choices in study design, methodology and lacking consistency in reporting procedures may impede valid conclusions and obscured the effects of tDCS on response inhibition in some previous studies. Finally, we outline future directions and areas to improve research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Frings
- Trier University, Department of Cognitive Psychology and Methodology, Trier, Germany
| | - Gesa Hartwigsen
- Lise Meitner Research Group Cognition and Plasticity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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18
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Rudroff T, Workman CD. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation as a Treatment Tool for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11060806. [PMID: 34207004 PMCID: PMC8235194 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11060806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has been defined as a transient (<24 h) condition of confusion and/or loss of consciousness for less than 30 min after brain injury and can result in short- and long-term motor and cognitive impairments. Recent studies have documented the therapeutic potential of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques for the enhancement of cognitive and motor function in mTBI. Alongside repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), the main technique used for this purpose is transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). The focus of this review was to provide a detailed, comprehensive (i.e., both cognitive and motor impairment) overview of the literature regarding therapeutic tDCS paradigms after mTBI. A publication search of the PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases was performed to identify records that applied tDCS in mTBI. The publication search yielded 14,422 records from all of the databases, however, only three met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final review. Based on the review, there is limited evidence of tDCS improving cognitive and motor performance. Surprisingly, there were only three studies that used tDCS in mTBI, which highlights an urgent need for more research to provide additional insights into ideal therapeutic brain targets and optimized stimulation parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Rudroff
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Health Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-319-467-0363
| | - Craig D. Workman
- Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
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19
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Kubo N, Watanabe T, Chen X, Matsumoto T, Yunoki K, Kuwabara T, Kirimoto H. The Effect of Prior Knowledge of Color on Behavioral Responses and Event-Related Potentials During Go/No-go Task. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:674964. [PMID: 34177494 PMCID: PMC8222725 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.674964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In daily life, the meaning of color plays an important role in execution and inhibition of a motor response. For example, the symbolism of traffic light can help pedestrians and drivers to control their behavior, with the color green/blue meaning go and red meaning stop. However, we don't always stop with a red light and sometimes start a movement with it in such a situation as drivers start pressing the brake pedal when a traffic light turns red. In this regard, we investigated how the prior knowledge of traffic light signals impacts reaction times (RTs) and event-related potentials (ERPs) in a Go/No-go task. We set up Blue Go/Red No-go and Red Go/Blue No-go tasks with three different go signal (Go) probabilities (30, 50, and 70%), resulting in six different conditions. The participants were told which color to respond (Blue or Red) just before each condition session but didn't know the Go probability. Neural responses to Go and No-go signals were recorded at Fz, Cz, and Oz (international 10-20 system). We computed RTs for Go signal and N2 and P3 amplitudes from the ERP data. We found that RT was faster when responding to blue than red light signal and also was slower with lower Go probability. Overall, N2 amplitude was larger in Red Go than Blue Go trial and in Red No-go than Blue No-go trial. Furthermore, P3 amplitude was larger in Red No-go than Blue No-go trial. Our findings of RT and N2 amplitude for Go ERPs could indicate the presence of Stroop-like interference, that is a conflict between prior knowledge about traffic light signals and the meaning of presented signal. Meanwhile, the larger N2 and P3 amplitudes in Red No-go trial as compared to Blue No-go trial may be due to years of experience in stopping an action in response to a red signal and/or attention. This study provides the better understanding of the effect of prior knowledge of color on behavioral responses and its underlying neural mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Kubo
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Watanabe
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Xiaoxiao Chen
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yunoki
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kuwabara
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hikari Kirimoto
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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20
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Null Effect of Transcranial Static Magnetic Field Stimulation over the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex on Behavioral Performance in a Go/NoGo Task. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11040483. [PMID: 33920398 PMCID: PMC8069672 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate whether transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS), which can modulate cortical excitability, would influence inhibitory control function when applied over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Young healthy adults (n = 8, mean age ± SD = 24.4 ± 4.1, six females) received the following stimulations for 30 min on different days: (1) tSMS over the left DLPFC, (2) tSMS over the right DLPFC, and (3) sham stimulation over either the left or right DLPFC. The participants performed a Go/NoGo task before, immediately after, and 10 min after the stimulation. They were instructed to extend the right wrist in response to target stimuli. We recorded the electromyogram from the right wrist extensor muscles and analyzed erroneous responses (false alarm and missed target detection) and reaction times. As a result, 50% of the participants made erroneous responses, and there were five erroneous responses in total (0.003%). A series of statistical analyses revealed that tSMS did not affect the reaction time. These preliminary findings suggest the possibility that tSMS over the DLPFC is incapable of modulating inhibitory control and/or that the cognitive load imposed in this study was insufficient to detect the effect.
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21
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Klírová M, Voráčková V, Horáček J, Mohr P, Jonáš J, Dudysová DU, Kostýlková L, Fayette D, Krejčová L, Baumann S, Laskov O, Novák T. Modulating Inhibitory Control Processes Using Individualized High Definition Theta Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (HD θ-tACS) of the Anterior Cingulate and Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 15:611507. [PMID: 33859554 PMCID: PMC8042221 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2021.611507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased frontal midline theta activity generated by the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is induced by conflict processing in the medial frontal cortex (MFC). There is evidence that theta band transcranial alternating current stimulation (θ-tACS) modulates ACC function and alters inhibitory control performance during neuromodulation. Multi-electric (256 electrodes) high definition θ-tACS (HD θ-tACS) using computational modeling based on individual MRI allows precise neuromodulation targeting of the ACC via the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and optimizes the required current density with a minimum impact on the rest of the brain. We therefore tested whether the individualized electrode montage of HD θ-tACS with the current flow targeted to the mPFC-ACC compared with a fixed montage (non-individualized) induces a higher post-modulatory effect on inhibitory control. Twenty healthy subjects were randomly assigned to a sequence of three HD θ-tACS conditions (individualized mPFC-ACC targeting; non-individualized MFC targeting; and a sham) in a double-blind cross-over study. Changes in the Visual Simon Task, Stop Signal Task, CPT III, and Stroop test were assessed before and after each session. Compared with non-individualized θ-tACS, the individualized HD θ-tACS significantly increased the number of interference words and the interference score in the Stroop test. The changes in the non-verbal cognitive tests did not induce a parallel effect. This is the first study to examine the influence of individualized HD θ-tACS targeted to the ACC on inhibitory control performance. The proposed algorithm represents a well-tolerated method that helps to improve the specificity of neuromodulation targeting of the ACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Klírová
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Psychiatry, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Veronika Voráčková
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Psychiatry, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiří Horáček
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Psychiatry, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pavel Mohr
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Psychiatry, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Juraj Jonáš
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
| | - Daniela Urbaczka Dudysová
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Psychiatry, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lenka Kostýlková
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Psychiatry, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Dan Fayette
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Psychiatry, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | | | | | - Olga Laskov
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Psychiatry, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Novák
- National Institute of Mental Health, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Psychiatry, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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22
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Perrotta D, Bianco V, Berchicci M, Quinzi F, Perri RL. Anodal tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex reduces Stroop errors. A comparison of different tasks and designs. Behav Brain Res 2021; 405:113215. [PMID: 33662440 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we evaluated the possibility to induce changes in the inhibitory control through non-invasive excitatory stimulation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). To this aim, different montages of the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) were adopted in three separate experiments, wherein different cognitive tasks were performed before and after the stimulation. In the first experiment, participants performed a visual Go/no-go task, and a bilateral anodic or sham stimulation was provided over the scalp area corresponding to the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). In the second experiment, the IFG was stimulated unilaterally over the right hemisphere, and participants performed a Stroop task combined with a concurrent n-back task, which was aimed at overloading PFC activity. Since no behavioral effects of tDCS were observed in both experiments, we conducted a third experiment with different montage and paradigm. Stimulation was provided bilaterally over the dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) in the context of a classic Stroop task: results indicated that anodal stimulation favored a reduction of errors. Present findings suggest that the bihemispheric stimulation of the DLPFC might be effective to increase inhibition in healthy subjects, and that this effect might be mediated by the implementation of sustained attention, as predicted by the attentional account of the inhibitory control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentina Bianco
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marika Berchicci
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Quinzi
- Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Rinaldo Livio Perri
- University "Niccolò Cusano", Italy; Dept. of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
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23
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Dimensional bias and adaptive adjustments in inhibitory control of monkeys. Anim Cogn 2021; 24:815-828. [PMID: 33554317 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-021-01483-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Humans and macaque monkeys, performing a Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), show a significant behavioral bias to a particular sensory dimension (e.g. color or shape); however, lesions in prefrontal cortical regions do not abolish the dimensional biases in monkeys and, therefore, it has been proposed that these biases emerge in earlier stages of visual information processing. It remains unclear whether such dimensional biases are unique to the WCST, in which attention-shifting between dimensions are required, or affect other aspects of executive functions such as 'response inhibition' and 'error-induced behavioral adjustments'. To address this question, we trained six monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to perform a stop-signal task in which they had to inhibit their response when an instruction for inhibition was given by changing the color or shape of a visual stimulus. Stop Signal Reaction Time (SSRT) is an index of inhibitory processes. In all monkeys, SSRT was significantly shorter, and the probability of a successful inhibition was significantly higher, when a change in the shape dimension acted as the stop-cue. Humans show a response slowing following a failure in response inhibition and also adapt a proactive slowing after facing demands for response inhibition. We found such adaptive behavioral adjustments, with the same pattern, in monkeys' behavior; however, the dimensional bias did not modulate them. Our findings, showing dimensional bias in monkey, with the same pattern, in two different executive control tasks support the hypothesis that the bias to shape dimension emerges in early stages of visual information processing.
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24
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Soh C, Hynd M, Rangel BO, Wessel JR. Adjustments to Proactive Motor Inhibition without Effector-Specific Foreknowledge Are Reflected in a Bilateral Upregulation of Sensorimotor β-Burst Rates. J Cogn Neurosci 2021; 33:784-798. [PMID: 33544054 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Classic work using the stop-signal task has shown that humans can use inhibitory control to cancel already initiated movements. Subsequent work revealed that inhibitory control can be proactively recruited in anticipation of a potential stop-signal, thereby increasing the likelihood of successful movement cancellation. However, the exact neurophysiological effects of proactive inhibitory control on the motor system are still unclear. On the basis of classic views of sensorimotor β-band activity, as well as recent findings demonstrating the burst-like nature of this signal, we recently proposed that proactive inhibitory control is implemented by influencing the rate of sensorimotor β-bursts during movement initiation. Here, we directly tested this hypothesis using scalp EEG recordings of β-band activity in 41 healthy human adults during a bimanual RT task. By comparing motor responses made in two different contexts-during blocks with or without stop-signals-we found that premovement β-burst rates over both contralateral and ipsilateral sensorimotor areas were increased in stop-signal blocks compared to pure-go blocks. Moreover, the degree of this burst rate difference indexed the behavioral implementation of proactive inhibition (i.e., the degree of anticipatory response slowing in the stop-signal blocks). Finally, exploratory analyses showed that these condition differences were explained by a significant increase in β bursting that was already present during the premovement baseline period in stop blocks. Together, this suggests that the strategic deployment of proactive inhibitory motor control is implemented by upregulating the tonic inhibition of the motor system, signified by increased sensorimotor β-bursting both before and after signals to initiate a movement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jan R Wessel
- University of Iowa.,University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics
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25
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Verveer I, Hill AT, Franken IHA, Yücel M, van Dongen JDM, Segrave R. Modulation of control: Can HD-tDCS targeting the dACC reduce impulsivity? Brain Res 2021; 1756:147282. [PMID: 33515536 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and its neurocircuits are central in impulsivity, and maladaptive dACC activity has been implicated in psychological disorders characterized by high trait impulsivity. High-Definition transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation tool that, with certain electrode configurations, can be optimized for targeting deeper subcorticalbrainstructures, such as the dACC. OBJECTIVES Using behavioural and electrophysiological measures we investigated whether HD-tDCS targeting the dACC could modulate two key components of impulsivity, inhibitory control and error processing. METHODS Twenty-three healthy adults with high trait impulsivity participated in two experimental sessions. Participants received active or sham HD-tDCS in counterbalanced order with a wash-out period of at least 3 days, as part of a single-blind, cross-over design. EEG was recorded during the Go-NoGo task before, directly after, and 30 min after HD-tDCS. RESULTS HD-tDCS targeting the dACC did not affect inhibitory control performance on the Go-NoGo task, but there was evidence for a delayed change in underlying neurophysiological components of motor inhibition (NoGo P3) and error processing (error related negativity; ERN) after one session of HD-tDCS. CONCLUSION HD-tDCS has potential to modulate underlying neurophysiological components of impulsivity. Future studies should further explore to what degree the dACC was affected and whether multi-session HD-tDCS has the capacity to also induce behavioural changes, particularly in clinical samples characterized by high trait impulsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Verveer
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Aron T Hill
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ingmar H A Franken
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Murat Yücel
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Josanne D M van Dongen
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rebecca Segrave
- BrainPark, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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26
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Westwood SJ, Radua J, Rubia K. Noninvasive brain stimulation in children and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2021; 46:E14-E33. [PMID: 33009906 PMCID: PMC7955851 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.190179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could provide treatment alternatives to stimulant medication for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), given some evidence for improvements in cognition and clinical symptoms. However, despite a lack of solid evidence for their use, rTMS and tDCS are already offered clinically and commercially in ADHD. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to critically appraise rTMS and tDCS studies in ADHD to inform good research and clinical practice. METHODS A systematic search (up to February 2019) identified 18 studies (rTMS 4, tDCS 14; 311 children and adults with ADHD) stimulating mainly the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). We included 12 anodal tDCS studies (232 children and adults with ADHD) in 3 random-effects meta-analyses of cognitive measures of attention, inhibition and processing speed. RESULTS The review of rTMS and tDCS showed positive effects in some functions but not others, and little evidence for clinical improvement. The meta-analyses of 1 to 5 sessions of anodal tDCS over mainly the left or bilateral dlPFC showed trend-level improvements in inhibition and processing speed, but not in attention. LIMITATIONS Heterogeneity in stimulation parameters, patient age and outcome measures limited the interpretation of findings. CONCLUSION The review and meta-analysis showed limited evidence that 1 to 5 sessions of rTMS and tDCS, mostly of the dlPFC, improved clinical or cognitive measures of ADHD. These findings did not support using rTMS or tDCS of the dlPFC as an alternative neurotherapy for ADHD as yet. Larger, multi-session stimulation studies identifying more optimal sites and stimulation parameters in combination with cognitive training could achieve larger effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Westwood
- From the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (Westwood, Rubia); the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (Radua); the Mental Health Research Networking Centre (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain (Radua); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, Stockholm, Sweden (Radua); and the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom (Radua)
| | - Joaquim Radua
- From the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (Westwood, Rubia); the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (Radua); the Mental Health Research Networking Centre (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain (Radua); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, Stockholm, Sweden (Radua); and the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom (Radua)
| | - Katya Rubia
- From the Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom (Westwood, Rubia); the Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain (Radua); the Mental Health Research Networking Centre (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain (Radua); the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, Stockholm, Sweden (Radua); and the Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom (Radua)
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27
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Li H, Yang J, Yin L, Zhang H, Zhang F, Chen Z, Jia Z, Gong Q. Alteration of single-subject gray matter networks in major depressed patients with suicidality. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 54:215-224. [PMID: 33382162 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
While regional brain alterations and functional connectivity in depressed suicidal patients have previously been reported, knowledge about gray matter (GM) structural networks is limited. The aim of this study was to explore the GM of depressed suicidal brains from the single-subject structural network level. This was a cross-sectional study, in which 50 healthy controls (HC, 31 ± 9 years), 50 major depressed patients without suicidality (NSD, 29 ± 10 years), and 50 major depressed patients with suicidality (SU, 29 ± 12 years) were enrolled. T1 -weighted images (T1 WI) were acquired with three-dimensional-magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo sequence in 3.0 T magnetic resonance. The analysis was performed using the automated Computational Anatomy Toolbox (CAT12) within Statistical Parametric Mapping while running MATLAB. The T1 images were segmented into GM, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid. Then single-subject structural networks were constructed based on the morphological similarity of GM regions. Global network topological properties, including clustering coefficient (Cp ), characterpath length (Lp ), normalized clustering coefficient (γ), normalized characteristic path length (λ), small-worldness (σ), global efficiency (Eglob ), local efficiency (Eloc ), and nodal network topological properties, including nodal efficiency, degree, and betweenness centrality, were measured using graph theory analysis. Statistical tests performed were analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. Decreased Eglob and increased shortest Lp were observed in SU group compared to HC and NSD groups (p < 0.05). The NSD and SU groups had an increased λ and decreased Eloc compared to the HC group (p < 0.05). Altered nodal efficiency was found in the fronto-striatum-limbic-thalamic circuit in the SU group compared with the HC and NSD groups (all p < 0.05). The GM network in the SU group showed decreased segregation and weaker integration, that is weaker small-worldness, compared to the NSD and HC groups. Abnormal nodal efficiency was found in the fronto-striatum-limbic-thalamic circuit in suicidal brains. This study provides new evidence for therapeutic targets for patients with depression and suicidality. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY STAGE: 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiru Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feifei Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyun Jia
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Psychoradiology Research Unit, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
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28
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Xiong G, She Z, Zhao J, Zhang H. Transcranial direct current stimulation over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has distinct effects on choices involving risk and ambiguity. Behav Brain Res 2020; 400:113044. [PMID: 33279644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Human's uncertain decision-making involves choices of risk (with known probabilities) and ambiguity (with unknown probabilities). For risky and ambiguous decision-making processes, neural differences are rarely exhibited. To clarify the causal role of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in uncertain situations, we used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to demonstrate the involvement of the right DLPFC in decisions involving risk and ambiguity. Participants received either anodal or cathodal tDCS at 1.5 mA or sham stimulation over the right DLPFC and subsequently undertook tasks of risk and ambiguity. The results revealed that a preference for ambiguity could be measurably increased in individuals through anodal stimulation, but no significant differences were observed in the preferences for risky choices among groups. These findings suggest that different neural mechanisms underlie risky and ambiguous decisions because the right DLPFC primarily affects ambiguous behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanxing Xiong
- School of Economics and Management, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Lab for Behavioral Economic Science & Technology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhe She
- School of Economics and Management, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Lab for Behavioral Economic Science & Technology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Economics and Management, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Lab for Behavioral Economic Science & Technology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hanqi Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Lab for Behavioral Economic Science & Technology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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29
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Stop! - The automatic tendency of action, inhibition and frontal activation in individuals with alcohol-use disorder in abstinence. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 158:123-135. [PMID: 33075432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Studying the functioning of the frontal lobe during the performance of an inhibitory activity according to automatic tendency of action would allow a better understanding of the relationship between the reflexive and impulsive system described in the dual-process models. This study aims to prove which is the inhibitory capacity and the underlying brain activity of people with alcohol-use disorder in abstinence with a greater avoidance tendency compared to those with a higher approach tendency and healthy controls. In order to group participants with AUD, the total approach/avoidance index (TAAI) - obtained from the modified alcohol approach/avoidance task - was used, therefore resulting in three groups: TAAI- (TAAI < Percentile 35: n = 20), TAAI± (TAAI = Percentile 35-65: n = 20) and TAAI+ (TAAI > Percentile 65: n = 20). In addition to this, 15 healthy controls were recruited. They all had an electroencephalographic recording while completing the modified stop-signal task. The results showed that the TAAI+ group had a worse inhibition compared to healthy controls. Moreover, the TAAI+ group showed a hyperactivation of the inferior frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus and orbital gyrus compared to the healthy controls group and the TAAI- group. The results obtained reflect that those people with AUD with a tendency to approach alcohol have a worse inhibitory capacity and a frontal hyperactivation. Moreover, people with AUD with an avoidance tendency to alcohol have also been found to have a similar inhibitory capacity and frontal activation to healthy controls.
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30
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Quinn DK, Upston J, Jones T, Brandt E, Story-Remer J, Fratzke V, Wilson JK, Rieger R, Hunter MA, Gill D, Richardson JD, Campbell R, Clark VP, Yeo RA, Shuttleworth CW, Mayer AR. Cerebral Perfusion Effects of Cognitive Training and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Mild-Moderate TBI. Front Neurol 2020; 11:545174. [PMID: 33117255 PMCID: PMC7575722 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.545174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Persistent post-traumatic symptoms (PPS) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) can lead to significant chronic functional impairment. Pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) has been used in multiple studies to explore changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) that may result in acute and chronic TBI, and is a promising neuroimaging modality for assessing response to therapies. Methods: Twenty-four subjects with chronic mild-moderate TBI (mmTBI) were enrolled in a pilot study of 10 days of computerized executive function training combined with active or sham anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for treatment of cognitive PPS. Behavioral surveys, neuropsychological testing, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with pCASL sequences to assess global and regional CBF were obtained before and after the training protocol. Results: Robust improvements in depression, anxiety, complex attention, and executive function were seen in both active and sham groups between the baseline and post-treatment visits. Global CBF decreased over time, with differences in regional CBF noted in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Active stimulation was associated with static or increased CBF in the right IFG, whereas sham was associated with reduced CBF. Neuropsychological performance and behavioral symptoms were not associated with changes in CBF. Discussion: The current study suggests a complex picture between mmTBI, cerebral perfusion, and recovery. Changes in CBF may result from physiologic effect of the intervention, compensatory neural mechanisms, or confounding factors. Limitations include a small sample size and heterogenous injury sample, but these findings suggest promising directions for future studies of cognitive training paradigms in mmTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davin K Quinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Joel Upston
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Thomas Jones
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Emma Brandt
- Department of Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | | | - Violet Fratzke
- Department of Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Chicago Medical School, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - J Kevin Wilson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Rebecca Rieger
- Department of Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | | | - Darbi Gill
- Department of Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Jessica D Richardson
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Richard Campbell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Vincent P Clark
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Ronald A Yeo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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31
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Cheng Y, Yan L, Hu L, Wu H, Huang X, Tian Y, Wu X. Differences in network centrality between high and low myopia: a voxel-level degree centrality study. Acta Radiol 2020; 61:1388-1397. [PMID: 32098475 DOI: 10.1177/0284185120902385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have linked high myopia (HM) to brain activity, and the difference between HM and low myopia (LM) can be assessed. PURPOSE To study the differences in functional networks of brain activity between HM and LM by the voxel-level degree centrality (DC) method. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-eight patients with HM (10 men, 18 women), 18 patients with LM (4 men, 14 women), and 59 healthy controls (27 men, 32 women) were enrolled in this study. The voxel-level DC method was used to assess spontaneous brain activity. Correlation analysis was used to explore the change of average DC value in different brain regions, in order to analyze differences in brain activity between HM and LM. RESULTS DC values of the right cerebellum anterior lobe/brainstem, right parahippocampal gyrus, and left caudate in HM patients were significantly higher than those in LM patients (P < 0.05). In contrast, DC values of the left medial frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, and left inferior parietal lobule were significantly lower in patients with HM (P < 0.05). However, there was no correlation between behavior and average DC values in different brain regions (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Different changes in brain regions between HM and LM may indicate differences in neural mechanisms between HM and LM. DC values could be useful as biomarkers for differences in brain activity between patients with HM and LM. This study provides a new method to assess differences in functional networks of brain activity between patients with HM and LM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Liqun Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ganzhou People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Hongyun Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ganzhou People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ganzhou People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Xiaorong Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China
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32
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Verveer I, Remmerswaal D, van der Veen FM, Franken IH. Long-term tDCS effects on neurophysiological measures of cognitive control in tobacco smokers. Biol Psychol 2020; 156:107962. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Borgomaneri S, Serio G, Battaglia S. Please, don't do it! Fifteen years of progress of non-invasive brain stimulation in action inhibition. Cortex 2020; 132:404-422. [PMID: 33045520 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability to inhibit prepotent responses is critical for survival. Action inhibition can be investigated using a stop-signal task (SST), designed to provide a reliable measure of the time taken by the brain to suppress motor responses. Here we review the major research advances using the combination of this paradigm with the use of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques in the last fifteen years. We highlight new methodological approaches to understanding and exploiting several processes underlying action control, which is critically impaired in several psychiatric disorders. In this review we present and discuss existing literature demonstrating i) the importance of the use of non-invasive brain stimulation in studying human action inhibition, unveiling the neural network involved ii) the critical role of prefrontal areas, including the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), in inhibitory control iii) the neural and behavioral evidence of proactive and reactive action inhibition. As the main result of this review, the specific literature demonstrated the crucial role of pre-SMA and IFG as evidenced from the field of noninvasive brain stimulation studies. Finally, we discuss the critical questions that remain unanswered about how such non-invasive brain stimulation protocols can be translated to therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Borgomaneri
- Centro studi e ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Bologna, Campus di Cesena, Cesena, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Serio
- Centro studi e ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Bologna, Campus di Cesena, Cesena, Italy
| | - Simone Battaglia
- Centro studi e ricerche in Neuroscienze Cognitive, Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Bologna, Campus di Cesena, Cesena, Italy
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Schroder E, Dubuson M, Dousset C, Mortier E, Kornreich C, Campanella S. Training Inhibitory Control Induced Robust Neural Changes When Behavior Is Affected: A Follow-up Study Using Cognitive Event-Related Potentials. Clin EEG Neurosci 2020; 51:303-316. [PMID: 31858835 DOI: 10.1177/1550059419895146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive training results in significant, albeit modest, improvements in specific cognitive functions across a range of mental illnesses. Inhibitory control, defined as the ability to stop the execution of an automatic reaction or a planned motor behavior, is known to be particularly important for the regulation of health behaviors, including addictive behaviors. For example, several studies have indicated that inhibitory training can lead to reduced alcohol consumption or a loss of weight/reduced energy intake. However, the exact neurocognitive mechanisms that underlie such behavioral changes induced by training are still matter of debate. In the present study, we investigated the long-term impact (ie, at 1 week posttraining) of an inhibitory training program (composed of 4 consecutive daily training sessions of 20 minutes each) on the performance of a Go/No-go task. Healthy participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 designated groups: (1) an Inhibition Training (IT) group that received training based on a hybrid flanker Go/No-go task; (2) a group that received a noninhibition-based (ie, episodic memory; EM) training; and (3) a No-Training (NT) group to control for test-retest effects. Each group underwent 3 sessions of a Go/No-go task concomitant with the recording of event-related potentials. Our results revealed a specific impact of the Inhibitory Training on the Go/No-go task, indexed by a faster process compared with the other 2 groups. This effect was neurophysiologically indexed by a faster N2 component on the difference NoGo-Go waveform. Importantly, effects at both the behavioral and at the neural level were still readily discernible 1 week posttraining. Thus, our data clearly corroborate the notion that cognitive training is effective, while also indicating that it may persist over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Schroder
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Macha Dubuson
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Clémence Dousset
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elena Mortier
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Kornreich
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Salvatore Campanella
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
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Zink N, Kang K, Li SC, Beste C. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation enhances the efficiency of functional brain network communication during auditory attentional control. J Neurophysiol 2020; 124:207-217. [PMID: 32233902 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00074.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Attentional control is crucial for selectively attending to relevant information when our brain is confronted with a multitude of sensory signals. Graph-theoretical measures provide a powerful tool for investigating the efficiency of brain network communication in separating and integrating information. Albeit, it has been demonstrated that anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (atDCS) can boost auditory attention in situations with high control demands, its effect on neurophysiological mechanisms of functional brain network communication in situations when attentional focus conflicts with perceptual saliency remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of atDCS on network connectivity and θ-oscillatory power under different levels of attentional-perceptual conflict. We hypothesized that the benefit of atDCS on network communication efficiency would be particularly apparent in conditions requiring high attentional control. Thirty young adults participated in a dichotic listening task with intensity manipulation, while EEG activity was recorded. In a cross-over design, participants underwent right frontal atDCS and sham stimulations in two separate sessions. Time-frequency decomposition and graph-theoretical analyses of network efficiency (using "small-world" properties) were used to quantify θ-oscillatory power and brain network efficiency, respectively. The atDCS-induced effect on task efficiency in the most demanding condition was mirrored only by an increase in network efficiency during atDCS compared with the sham stimulation. These findings are corroborated by Bayesian analyses. AtDCS-induced performance enhancement under high levels of attentional-perceptual conflicts is accompanied by an increase in network efficiency. Graph-theoretical measures can serve as a metric to quantify the effects of noninvasive brain stimulation on the separation and integration of information in the brain.NEW & NOTEWORTHY As compared with sham stimulation, application of atDCS enhances θ-oscillation-based network efficiency, but it has no impact on θ-oscillation power. Individual differences in θ-oscillation-based network efficiency correlated with performance efficiency under the sham stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Zink
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Kathleen Kang
- Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Shu-Chen Li
- Lifespan Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Centre for Tactile Internet with Human-in-the-Loop, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
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Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation of left and right inferior frontal gyrus on creative divergent thinking are moderated by changes in inhibition control. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:1691-1704. [PMID: 32556475 PMCID: PMC7321900 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Divergent thinking (DT) as one component of creativity is the ability to search for multiple solutions to a single problem and is reliably tested with the Alternative Uses Task (AUT). DT depends on activity in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), a prefrontal region that has also been associated with inhibitory control (IC). Experimentally manipulating IC through transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) led to alterations in DT. Here, we aimed at further examining such potential mediating effects of IC on DT (measured as flexibility, fluency, and originality in the AUT) by modulating IC tDCS. Participants received either cathodal tDCS (c-tDCS) of the left IFG coupled with anodal tDCS (a-tDCS) of the right IFG (L−R + ; N = 19), or the opposite treatment (L + R−; N = 21). We hypothesized that L + R− stimulation would enhance IC assessed with the Go NoGo task (GNGT), and that facilitated IC would result in lower creativity scores. The reversed stimulation arrangement (i.e., L− R +) should result in higher creativity scores. We found that tDCS only affected the originality component of the AUT but not flexibility or fluency. We also found no effects on IC, and thus, the mediation effect of IC could not be confirmed. However, we observed a moderation effect: inhibition of left and facilitation of right IFG (L−R +) resulted in enhanced flexibility and originality scores, only when IC performance was also improved. We conclude that inducing a right-to-left gradient in IFG activity by tDCS is efficient in enhancing DT, but only under conditions where tDCS is sufficient to alter IC performance as well.
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Thunberg C, Messel MS, Raud L, Huster RJ. tDCS over the inferior frontal gyri and visual cortices did not improve response inhibition. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7749. [PMID: 32385323 PMCID: PMC7210274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62921-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to cancel an already initiated response is central to flexible behavior. While several different behavioral and neural markers have been suggested to quantify the latency of the stopping process, it remains unclear if they quantify the stopping process itself, or other supporting mechanisms such as visual and/or attentional processing. The present study sought to investigate the contributions of inhibitory and sensory processes to stopping latency markers by combining transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) recordings in a within-participant design. Active and sham tDCS were applied over the inferior frontal gyri (IFG) and visual cortices (VC), combined with both online and offline EEG and EMG recordings. We found evidence that neither of the active tDCS condition affected stopping latencies relative to sham stimulation. Our results challenge previous findings suggesting that anodal tDCS over the IFG can reduce stopping latency and demonstrates the necessity of adequate control conditions in tDCS research. Additionally, while the different putative markers of stopping latency showed generally positive correlations with each other, they also showed substantial variation in the estimated latency of inhibition, making it unlikely that they all capture the same construct exclusively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Thunberg
- Multimodal Imaging and Cognitive Control Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mari S Messel
- Multimodal Imaging and Cognitive Control Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Nesodden, Norway
| | - Liisa Raud
- Multimodal Imaging and Cognitive Control Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Cognitive Electrophysiology Cluster, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - René J Huster
- Multimodal Imaging and Cognitive Control Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Cognitive Electrophysiology Cluster, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Dormal V, Lannoy S, Bollen Z, D'Hondt F, Maurage P. Can we boost attention and inhibition in binge drinking? Electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:1493-1505. [PMID: 32036388 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05475-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Binge drinking (i.e. excessive episodic alcohol consumption) among young adults has been associated with deleterious consequences, notably at the cognitive and brain levels. These behavioural impairments and brain alterations have a direct impact on psychological and interpersonal functioning, but they might also be involved in the transition towards severe alcohol use disorders. Development of effective rehabilitation programs to reduce these negative effects as they emerge thus constitutes a priority in subclinical populations. OBJECTIVES The present study tested the behavioural and electrophysiological impact of neurocognitive stimulation (i.e. transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied during a cognitive task) to improve attention and inhibition abilities in young binge drinkers. METHODS Two groups (20 binge drinkers and 20 non-binge drinkers) performed two sessions in a counterbalanced order. Each session consisted of an inhibition task (i.e. Neutral Go/No-Go) while participants received left frontal tDCS or sham stimulation, immediately followed by an Alcohol-related Go/No-Go task, while both behavioural and electrophysiological measures were recorded. RESULTS No significant differences were observed between groups or sessions (tDCS versus sham stimulation) at the behavioural level. However, electrophysiological measurements during the alcohol-related inhibition task revealed a specific effect of tDCS on attentional resource mobilization (indexed by the N2 component) in binge drinkers, whereas later inhibition processes (indexed by the P3 component) remained unchanged in this population. CONCLUSIONS The present findings indicate that tDCS can modify the electrophysiological correlates of cognitive processes in binge drinking. While the impact of such brain modifications on actual neuropsychological functioning and alcohol consumption behaviours remains to be determined, these results underline the potential interest of developing neurocognitive stimulation approaches in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Dormal
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Cardinal Mercier, 10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Séverine Lannoy
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Cardinal Mercier, 10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Zoé Bollen
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Cardinal Mercier, 10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, University Lille, 59000, Lille, France.,Clinique de Psychiatrie, CURE, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Cardinal Mercier, 10, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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Teti Mayer J, Chopard G, Nicolier M, Gabriel D, Masse C, Giustiniani J, Vandel P, Haffen E, Bennabi D. Can transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) improve impulsivity in healthy and psychiatric adult populations? A systematic review. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 98:109814. [PMID: 31715284 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Impulsivity is a multidimensional phenomenon that remains hard to define. It compounds the core pathological construct of many neuropsychiatric illnesses, and despite its close relation to suicide risk, it currently has no specific treatment. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique whose application results in cognitive function improvement, both in healthy and psychiatric populations. Following PRISMA recommendations, a systematic review of the literature concerning tDCS's effects on impulsive behaviour was performed using the PubMed database. The research was based on the combination of the keyword 'tDCS' with 'impulsivity', 'response inhibition', 'risk-taking', 'planning', 'delay discounting' or 'craving'. The initial search yielded 309 articles, 92 of which were included. Seventy-four papers demonstrated improvement in task performance related to impulsivity in both healthy and clinical adult populations. However, results were often inconsistent. The conditions associated with improvement, such as tDCS parameters and other aspects that may influence tDCS's outcomes, are discussed. The overall effects of tDCS on impulsivity are promising. Yet further research is required to develop a more comprehensive understanding of impulsivity, allowing for a more accurate assessment of its behavioural outcomes as well as a definition of tDCS therapeutic protocols for impulsive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Teti Mayer
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Gilles Chopard
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000 Besançon, France; Centre Mémoire Ressources et Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Magali Nicolier
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Damien Gabriel
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Caroline Masse
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Julie Giustiniani
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Pierre Vandel
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000 Besançon, France; Centre Mémoire Ressources et Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000 Besançon, France; Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Djamila Bennabi
- Service de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1431, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques EA 481, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 19 rue Ambroise Paré, 25000 Besançon, France; Centre Expert Dépression Résistante FondaMental, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
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Raud L, Westerhausen R, Dooley N, Huster RJ. Differences in unity: The go/no-go and stop signal tasks rely on different mechanisms. Neuroimage 2020; 210:116582. [PMID: 31987997 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition refers to the suppression of prepared or initiated actions. Typically, the go/no-go task (GNGT) or the stop signal task (SST) are used interchangeably to capture individual differences in response inhibition. On the one hand, factor analytic and conjunction neuroimaging studies support the association of both tasks with a single inhibition construct. On the other hand, studies that directly compare the two tasks indicate distinct mechanisms, corresponding to action restraint and cancellation in the GNGT and SST, respectively. We addressed these contradictory findings with the aim to identify the core differences in the temporal dynamics of the functional networks that are recruited in both tasks. We extracted the time-courses of sensory, motor, attentional, and cognitive control networks by group independent component (G-ICA) analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) data from both tasks. Additionally, electromyography (EMG) from the responding effector muscles was recorded to detect the timing of response inhibition. The results indicated that inhibitory performance in the GNGT may be comparable to response selection mechanisms, reaching peripheral muscles at around 316 ms. In contrast, inhibitory performance in the SST is achieved via biasing of the sensorimotor system in preparation for stopping, followed by fast sensory, motor and frontal integration during outright stopping. Inhibition can be detected at the peripheral level at 140 ms after stop stimulus presentation. The GNGT and the SST therefore seem to recruit widely different neural dynamics, implying that the interchangeable use of superficially similar inhibition tasks in both basic and clinical research is unwarranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liisa Raud
- Multimodal Imaging and Cognitive Control Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience Cluster, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - René Westerhausen
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Niamh Dooley
- Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - René J Huster
- Multimodal Imaging and Cognitive Control Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway; Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience Cluster, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
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Adelhöfer N, Gohil K, Passow S, Beste C, Li SC. Lateral prefrontal anodal transcranial direct current stimulation augments resolution of auditory perceptual-attentional conflicts. Neuroimage 2019; 199:217-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Hill AT, Rogasch NC, Fitzgerald PB, Hoy KE. Impact of concurrent task performance on transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)-Induced changes in cortical physiology and working memory. Cortex 2019; 113:37-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Donaldson PH, Kirkovski M, Rinehart NJ, Enticott PG. A double-blind HD-tDCS/EEG study examining right temporoparietal junction involvement in facial emotion processing. Soc Neurosci 2019; 14:681-696. [PMID: 30668274 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2019.1572648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Prior studies have demonstrated that aspects of social cognition can be modulated via temporoparietal junction (TPJ) transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). However, this technique lacks focality and electrophysiological effects or correlates are rarely examined. The present study investigated whether anodal and/or cathodal high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) would influence facial emotion processing performance relative to sham stimulation, and whether task performance changes were related to neurophysiological changes. Participants completed a facial emotion attribution tasks before and after rTPJ HD-tDCS, with event-related potentials (ERP) recorded during task performance. Anodal rTPJ HD-tDCS improved facial emotion processing performance for static depictions of fear (but not surprise). Stimulation condition influenced P300 latency, and also influenced the relationship between behavioural and electrophysiological (ERP) outcomes in several circumstances, findings which both support and challenge anodal-excitation/cathodal-inhibition accounts of tDCS effects. Results suggest that rTPJ anodal HD-tDCS can influence facial emotion recognition (i.e., affective mentalizing), and elucidate the nature and distribution of underlying neurophysiological processes. Stimulation effects, however, might depend on the intensity and salience/valence (negativity/threat) of the emotion, and these behavioural effects may not relate directly or simply to the ERPs assessed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Donaldson
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University , Geelong , Australia.,Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University , Geelong , Australia
| | - Melissa Kirkovski
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University , Geelong , Australia.,Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University , Geelong , Australia
| | - Nicole J Rinehart
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University , Geelong , Australia
| | - Peter G Enticott
- Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University , Geelong , Australia.,Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University , Geelong , Australia
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Steinberg F, Pixa NH, Fregni F. A Review of Acute Aerobic Exercise and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Effects on Cognitive Functions and Their Potential Synergies. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 12:534. [PMID: 30687048 PMCID: PMC6336823 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, several pharmaceutic and non-pharmaceutic approaches exist to treat psychiatric and neurological diseases. Because of the lack of treatment procedures that are medication free and without severe side effects, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and aerobic exercise (AE) have been tested to explore the potential for initiating and modulating neuroplasticity in the human brain. Both tDCS and AE could support cognition and behavior in the clinical and non-clinical context to improve the recovery process within neurological or psychiatric conditions or to increase performance. As these techniques still lack meaningful effects, although they provide multiple beneficial opportunities within disease and health applications, there is emerging interest to find improved tDCS and AE protocols. Since multimodal approaches could provoke synergetic effects, a few recent studies have begun to combine tDCS and AE within different settings such as in cognitive training in health or for treatment purposes within clinical settings, all of which show superior effects compared to single technique applications. The beneficial outcomes of both techniques depend on several parameters and the understanding of neural mechanisms that are not yet fully understood. Recent studies have begun to directly combine tDCS and AE within one session, although their interactions on the behavioral, neurophysiological and neurochemical levels are entirely unclear. Therefore, this review: (a) provides an overview of acute behavioral, neurophysiological, and neurochemical effects that both techniques provoke within only one single application in isolation; (b) gives an overview regarding the mechanistic pathways; and (c) discusses potential interactions and synergies between tDCS and AE that might be provoked when directly combining both techniques. From this literature review focusing primarily on the cognitive domain in term of specific executive functions (EFs; inhibition, updating, and switching), it is concluded that a direct combination of tDCS and AE provides multiple beneficial opportunities for synergistic effects. A combination could be useful within non-clinical settings in health and for treating several psychiatric and neurologic conditions. However, there is a lack of research and there are several possibly interacting moderating parameters that must be considered and more importantly must be systematically investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Steinberg
- Institute of Sport Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nils Henrik Pixa
- Sport Psychology, Institute of Human Movement Science and Health, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Felipe Fregni
- Spaulding Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Campanella S, Schroder E, Vanderhasselt MA, Baeken C, Kornreich C, Verbanck P, Burle B. Short-Term Impact of tDCS Over the Right Inferior Frontal Cortex on Impulsive Responses in a Go/No-go Task. Clin EEG Neurosci 2018; 49:398-406. [PMID: 29788768 DOI: 10.1177/1550059418777404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitory control, a process deeply studied in laboratory settings, refers to the ability to inhibit an action once it has been initiated. A common way to process data in such tasks is to take the mean response time (RT) and error rate per participant. However, such an analysis ignores the strong dependency between spontaneous RT variations and error rate. Conditional accuracy function (CAF) is of particular interest, as by plotting the probability of a response to be correct as a function of its latency, it provides a means for studying the strength of impulsive responses associated with a higher frequency of fast response errors. This procedure was applied to a recent set of data in which the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) was modulated using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Healthy participants (n = 40) were presented with a "Go/No-go" task (click on letter M, not on letter W, session 1). Then, one subgroup (n = 20) was randomly assigned to one 20-minutes neuromodulation session with tDCS (anodal electrode, rIFG; cathodal electrode, neck); and the other group (n = 20) to a condition with sham (placebo) tDCS. All participants were finally confronted to the same "Go/No-go" task (session 2). The rate of commission errors (click on W) and speed of response to Go trials were similar between sessions 1 and 2 in both neuromodulation groups. However, CAF showed that active tDCS over rIFG leads to a reduction of the drop in accuracy for fast responses (suggesting less impulsivity and greater inhibitory efficiency), this effect being only visible for the first experimental block following tDCS stimulation. Overall, the present data indicate that boosting the rIFG may be useful to enhance inhibitory skills, but that CAF could be of the greatest relevance to monitor the temporal dynamics of the neuromodulation effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Campanella
- 1 Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elisa Schroder
- 1 Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt
- 2 Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,3 Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital (UZBrussel), Brussels, Belgium.,4 Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Chris Baeken
- 2 Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,3 Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital (UZBrussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Kornreich
- 1 Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paul Verbanck
- 1 Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale et d'Addictologie, ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), CHU Brugmann-Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Boris Burle
- 5 Aix-Marseille Universite', Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, LNC Unite' Mixte de Recherche, Marseille, France
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46
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Herrmann MJ, Simons BS, Horst AK, Boehme S, Straube T, Polak T. Modulation of sustained fear by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC). Biol Psychol 2018; 139:173-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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No Modulatory Effects when Stimulating the Right Inferior Frontal Gyrus with Continuous 6 Hz tACS and tRNS on Response Inhibition: A Behavioral Study. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:3156796. [PMID: 30425735 PMCID: PMC6218719 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3156796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition is the cognitive process required to cancel an intended action. During that process, a “go” reaction is intercepted particularly by the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) and presupplementary motor area (pre-SMA). After the commission of inhibition errors, theta activity (4–8 Hz) is related to the adaption processes. In this study, we intend to examine whether the boosting of theta activity by electrical stimulation over rIFG reduces the number of errors and the reaction times in a response inhibition task (Go/NoGo paradigm) during and after stimulation. 23 healthy right-handed adults participated in the study. In three separate sessions, theta tACS at 6 Hz, transcranial random noise (tRNS) as a second stimulation condition, and sham stimulation were applied for 20 minutes. Based on behavioral data, this study could not show any effects of 6 Hz tACS as well as full spectrum tRNS on response inhibition in any of the conditions. Since many findings support the relevance of the rIFG for response inhibition, this could mean that 6 Hz activity is not important for response inhibition in that structure. Reasons for our null findings could also lie in the stimulation parameters, such as the electrode montage or the stimulation frequency, which are discussed in this article in more detail. Sharing negative findings will have (1) positive impact on future research questions and study design and will improve (2) knowledge acquisition of noninvasive transcranial brain stimulation techniques.
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Tan J, Iyer KK, Tang AD, Jamil A, Martins RN, Sohrabi HR, Nitsche MA, Hinder MR, Fujiyama H. Modulating functional connectivity with non-invasive brain stimulation for the investigation and alleviation of age-associated declines in response inhibition: A narrative review. Neuroimage 2018; 185:490-512. [PMID: 30342977 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition, the ability to withhold a dominant and prepotent response following a change in circumstance or sensory stimuli, declines with advancing age. While non-invasive brain stimulation (NiBS) has shown promise in alleviating some cognitive and motor functions in healthy older individuals, NiBS research focusing on response inhibition has mostly been conducted on younger adults. These extant studies have primarily focused on modulating the activity of distinct neural regions known to be critical for response inhibition, including the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) and the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA). However, given that changes in structural and functional connectivity have been associated with healthy aging, this review proposes that NiBS protocols aimed at modulating the functional connectivity between the rIFG and pre-SMA may be the most efficacious approach to investigate-and perhaps even alleviate-age-related deficits in inhibitory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Tan
- Action and Cognition Laboratory, School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Kartik K Iyer
- Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alexander D Tang
- Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Asif Jamil
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ralph N Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia; The School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hamid R Sohrabi
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Western Australia, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales, Australia; The School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medical Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mark R Hinder
- Sensorimotor Neuroscience and Ageing Research Laboratory, School of Medicine (Division of Psychology), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Hakuei Fujiyama
- Action and Cognition Laboratory, School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.
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Gebodh N, Esmaeilpour Z, Adair D, Chelette K, Dmochowski J, Woods AJ, Kappenman ES, Parra LC, Bikson M. Inherent physiological artifacts in EEG during tDCS. Neuroimage 2018; 185:408-424. [PMID: 30321643 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Online imaging and neuromodulation is invalid if stimulation distorts measurements beyond the point of accurate measurement. In theory, combining transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) with electroencephalography (EEG) is compelling, as both use non-invasive electrodes and image-guided dose can be informed by the reciprocity principle. To distinguish real changes in EEG from stimulation artifacts, prior studies applied conventional signal processing techniques (e.g. high-pass filtering, ICA). Here, we address the assumptions underlying the suitability of these approaches. We distinguish physiological artifacts - defined as artifacts resulting from interactions between the stimulation induced voltage and the body and so inherent regardless of tDCS or EEG hardware performance - from methodology-related artifacts - arising from non-ideal experimental conditions or non-ideal stimulation and recording equipment performance. Critically, we identify inherent physiological artifacts which are present in all online EEG-tDCS: 1) cardiac distortion and 2) ocular motor distortion. In conjunction, non-inherent physiological artifacts which can be minimized in most experimental conditions include: 1) motion and 2) myogenic distortion. Artifact dynamics were analyzed for varying stimulation parameters (montage, polarity, current) and stimulation hardware. Together with concurrent physiological monitoring (ECG, respiration, ocular, EMG, head motion), and current flow modeling, each physiological artifact was explained by biological source-specific body impedance changes, leading to incremental changes in scalp DC voltage that are significantly larger than real neural signals. Because these artifacts modulate the DC voltage and scale with applied current, they are dose specific such that their contamination cannot be accounted for by conventional experimental controls (e.g. differing stimulation montage or current as a control). Moreover, because the EEG artifacts introduced by physiologic processes during tDCS are high dimensional (as indicated by Generalized Singular Value Decomposition- GSVD), non-stationary, and overlap highly with neurogenic frequencies, these artifacts cannot be easily removed with conventional signal processing techniques. Spatial filtering techniques (GSVD) suggest that the removal of physiological artifacts would significantly degrade signal integrity. Physiological artifacts, as defined here, would emerge only during tDCS, thus processing techniques typically applied to EEG in the absence of tDCS would not be suitable for artifact removal during tDCS. All concurrent EEG-tDCS must account for physiological artifacts that are a) present regardless of equipment used, and b) broadband and confound a broad range of experiments (e.g. oscillatory activity and event related potentials). Removal of these artifacts requires the recognition of their non-stationary, physiology-specific dynamics, and individualized nature. We present a broad taxonomy of artifacts (non/stimulation related), and suggest possible approaches and challenges to denoising online EEG-tDCS stimulation artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Gebodh
- Neural Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Zeinab Esmaeilpour
- Neural Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Devin Adair
- Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center at City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | | | - Jacek Dmochowski
- Neural Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Adam J Woods
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | | | - Lucas C Parra
- Neural Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Marom Bikson
- Neural Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center at City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
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50
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Civile C, McLaren R, McLaren I. How we can change your mind: Anodal tDCS to Fp3 alters human stimulus representation and learning. Neuropsychologia 2018; 119:241-246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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