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Parvanta C, Hammond RW, He W, Zemen R, Boddupalli S, Walker K, Chen H, Harner RN. Face Value: Remote facial expression analysis adds predictive power to perceived effectiveness for selecting anti-tobacco PSAs. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 27:281-291. [PMID: 35838201 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2022.2100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Perceived effectiveness (PE) is a validated tool for predicting the potential impact of anti-tobacco public service announcements (PSAs). We set out to evaluate the added predictive value of facial expression analysis when combined with PE in a remote (online) survey. Each of 302 tobacco users watched 3 PSAs and allowed transmission of webcam videos from which metrics for "attention" (head position) and "facial action units" (FAU) were computed. The participants completed scales for their subjective emotions, willingness to share on social media, and intention to quit smoking using the Tobacco Free Florida website. Based on PE, both ready to quit (RTQ) and not ready (NR) respondents favored the same PSAs but RTQs assigned higher PE scores. Negative PSAs ("sad" or "frightening") were more compelling overall but RTQs also favored surprising ads and were more willing to share them on social media. Logistic regression showed that the combination of Attention + FAU+ PE (AUC = .816, p < .0001) outperformed single factors or factor combinations in distinguishing RTQ from NR. This study demonstrates that on-line assessment of facial expressions enhances the predictive value of PE and can be deployed on large remote samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Parvanta
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - R W Hammond
- Muma College of Business, Center for Marketing and Sales Innovation, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - W He
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - R Zemen
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - S Boddupalli
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - K Walker
- Zimmerman School of Mass Communication and Advertising, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - H Chen
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - R N Harner
- Muma College of Business, Center for Marketing and Sales Innovation, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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2
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Zhang L, Li Z, Lu X, Liu J, Ju Y, Dong Q, Sun J, Wang M, Liu B, Long J, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Li W, Liu X, Guo H, Lu G, Li L. High efficiency of left superior frontal gyrus and the symptom features of major depressive disorder. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:289-300. [PMID: 35545321 PMCID: PMC10930058 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.210743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Major depressive disorder (MDD) patients with anhedonia tend to have a poor prognosis. The underlying imaging basis for anhedonia in MDD remains largely unknown. The relationship between nodal properties and anhedonia in MDD patients need to be further investigated. Herein, this study aims to explore differences of cerebral functional node characteristics in MDD patients with severe anhedonia (MDD-SA) and MDD patients with mild anhedonia (MDD-MA) before and after the antidepressant treatment. METHODS Ninety participants with current MDD were recruited in this study. 24-Item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24) and Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) were used to assess the severity of depression and anhedonia at baseline and the end of 6-months treatment. The MDD patients who scored above the 25th percentile on the SHAPS were assigned to an MDD-SA group (n=19), while those who scored below the 25th percentile were assigned to an MDD-MA group (n=18). All patients in the 2 groups received antidepressant treatment. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) images of all the patients were collected at baseline and the end of 6-months treatment. Graph theory was applied to analyze the patients' cerebral functional nodal characteristics, which were measured by efficiency (ei) and degree (ki). RESULTS Repeated measures 2-factor ANCOVA showed significant main effects on group on the ei and ki values of left superior frontal gyrus (LSFG) (P=0.003 and P=0.008, respectively), and on the ei and ki values of left medial orbital-frontal gyrus (LMOFG) (P=0.004 and P=0.008, respectively). Compared with the MDD-MA group, the significantly higher ei and ki values of the LSFG (P=0.015 and P=0.021, respectively), and the significantly higher ei and ki values of the LMOFG (P=0.015 and P=0.037, respectively) were observed in the MDD-SA group at baseline. Meanwhile, higher SHAPS scores could result in higher ei and ki values of LSFG (P=0.019 and P=0.026, respectively), and higher ei value of LMOFG (P=0.040) at baseline; higher SHAPS scores could result in higher ei values of LSFG (P=0.049) at the end of 6-months treatment. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that sex were negatively correlated with the ei and ki values of LSFG (r= -0.014, P=0.004; r=-1.153, P=0.001, respectively). The onset age of MDD was negatively correlated with the ki value of LSFG (r=-0.420, P=0.034) at the end of 6-months treatment. We also found that SHAPS scores at baseline were positively correlated with the HAMD-24 scores (r=0.387, P=0.022) at the end of 6-months treatment. CONCLUSIONS There are obvious differences in nodal properties between the MDD-SA and the MDD-MA patients, such as the high ei of LSFG in the MDD-SA patients, which may be associated with the severity of anhedonia. These nodal properties could be potential biomarkers for the prognosis of MDD. The increased ei and ki values in the LSFG of MDD-SA patients may underlie a compensatory mechanism or protective mechanism. The mechanism may be an important component of the pathological mechanism of MDD-SA. The poor prognosis in the MDD-SA patients suggests that anhedonia may predict a worse prognosis in MDD patients. Sex and onset age of MDD may affect the nodal properties of LSFG at baseline and the end of 6-months treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011.
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011.
| | - Zexuan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011
| | - Xiaowen Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011
| | - Yumeng Ju
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011
| | - Qiangli Dong
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011
| | - Jinrong Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011
| | - Bangshan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011
| | - Jiang Long
- Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210000
| | - Weihui Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Hua Guo
- Zhumadian Second People's Hospital, Zhumadian Henan 463000, China
| | - Guangming Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210000
| | - Lingjiang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011.
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410011.
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Spelt HAA, Asta L, Kersten-van Dijk ET, Ham J, IJsselsteijn WA, Westerink JHDM. Exploring physiologic reactions to persuasive information. Psychophysiology 2022; 59:e14001. [PMID: 35066870 PMCID: PMC9285495 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Persuasion aims at changing peoples’ motivations and/or behaviors. This study explores how and when physiology reflects persuasion processes and specifically whether individual differences in motivations and behaviors affect psychophysiologic reactions to persuasive information. Participants (N = 70) with medium or high meat consumption patterns watched a persuasive video advocating limited meat consumption, while their electrodermal and cardiovascular physiology was measured. Results indicated that the video increased participants’ moral beliefs, perceived behavioral control, and reduction intentions. This study also found an increase in physiologic arousal during the persuasive video and that people with motivations less aligned to the persuasion objective had more physiologic arousal. The findings encourage further psychophysiologic persuasion research, especially as these insights can potentially be used to personalize persuasive messages of behavior change applications. Persuasion consists of a diversity of mental processes that despite the efforts of many scholars are not fully understood. This explorative manuscript describes an important next step in using peripheral physiology to get information about persuasion‐related processes. It describes how and when people’s physiologic activity changes due to persuasion and what these changes might mean for the personalization of Persuasive Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne A A Spelt
- Digital Engagement, Cognition and Behavior Group, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Human-Technology Interaction Group, Faculty Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Luisa Asta
- Human-Technology Interaction Group, Faculty Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Els T Kersten-van Dijk
- Human-Technology Interaction Group, Faculty Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Ham
- Human-Technology Interaction Group, Faculty Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Wijnand A IJsselsteijn
- Human-Technology Interaction Group, Faculty Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Joyce H D M Westerink
- Digital Engagement, Cognition and Behavior Group, Philips Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Human-Technology Interaction Group, Faculty Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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4
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Yoon L, Kim K, Jung D, Kim H. Roles of the MPFC and insula in impression management under social observation. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:474-483. [PMID: 33449108 PMCID: PMC8095000 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
People often engage in impression management by presenting themselves and others as socially desirable. However, specific behavioral manifestations and underlying neural mechanisms of impression management remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the neural mechanism of impression management during self- and friend-evaluation. Only participants assigned to the observation (OBS) group, not the control (CON) group, were informed that their responses would be monitored. They answered how well positive and negative trait adjectives described themselves or their friends. The behavioral results showed that the OBS group was more likely to reject negative traits for self-evaluation and to accept positive traits for friend-evaluation. An independent study revealed that demoting negative traits for oneself and promoting positive traits for a friend helps manage one’s impression. In parallel with the behavioral results, in the OBS vs the CON group, the rostromedial prefrontal cortex (rmPFC) and anterior insula (AI) activity showed a greater increase as the negativity of negatively valenced adjectives increased during self-evaluation and also showed a greater increase as the positivity of positively valenced adjectives increased during friend-evaluation. The present study suggests that rmPFC and AI are critically involved in impression management, promoting socially desirable target evaluations under social observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leehyun Yoon
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.,Laboratory of Social and Decision Neuroscience, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangwook Kim
- Laboratory of Social and Decision Neuroscience, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehyun Jung
- Laboratory of Social and Decision Neuroscience, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hackjin Kim
- Laboratory of Social and Decision Neuroscience, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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5
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Neural Predictors of Changes in Party Closeness after Exposure to Corruption Messages: An fMRI Study. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11020158. [PMID: 33530314 PMCID: PMC7912174 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Daily worldwide newspapers are filled with campaigning unveiling political corruption. Despite this information be worrying to many citizens, political researchers have not identified any consistent trend of decline of support among party sympathizers. This study utilizes neuroimaging for the first time to examine the neuropsychological origin of party closeness variation among backers of a liberal (Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party, PSOE) and a conservative party (Popular Party, PP) in Spain after a month receiving corruption messages among their preferred party. Brain data provide some explanation as to the origin of party closeness reduction among liberal sympathizers: areas involved with negative feelings, disappointment and self-relevance served to predict party closeness reduction 30 days in advance. Implications for liberals and conservatives’ campaigns are discussed.
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Huskey R, Turner BO, Weber R. Individual Differences in Brain Responses: New Opportunities for Tailoring Health Communication Campaigns. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:565973. [PMID: 33343317 PMCID: PMC7744697 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.565973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prevention neuroscience investigates the brain basis of attitude and behavior change. Over the years, an increasingly structurally and functionally resolved "persuasion network" has emerged. However, current studies have only identified a small handful of neural structures that are commonly recruited during persuasive message processing, and the extent to which these (and other) structures are sensitive to numerous individual difference factors remains largely unknown. In this project we apply a multi-dimensional similarity-based individual differences analysis to explore which individual factors-including characteristics of messages and target audiences-drive patterns of brain activity to be more or less similar across individuals encountering the same anti-drug public service announcements (PSAs). We demonstrate that several ensembles of brain regions show response patterns that are driven by a variety of unique factors. These results are discussed in terms of their implications for neural models of persuasion, prevention neuroscience and message tailoring, and methodological implications for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Huskey
- Cognitive Communication Science Lab – C Lab, Center for Mind and Brain, Department of Communication, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Benjamin O. Turner
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - René Weber
- Media Neuroscience Lab, Department of Communication, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
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7
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Dono J, Miller C, Ettridge K, Wilson C. The role of social norms in the relationship between anti-smoking advertising campaigns and smoking cessation: a scoping review. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2020; 35:179-194. [PMID: 32276270 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A systematic scoping review of anti-smoking mass media campaign literature provided opportunity to explore how social normative theories and constructs are used to influence smoking cessation. Synthesis of findings was constrained by significant heterogeneity. Nevertheless, the results indicate that a broader conceptualization of social norm is worthy of further exploration. Perceptions of what others think and do contributed in multiple ways to the relationship between anti-smoking messaging and quitting outcomes. Furthermore, integrating research on social norms, social identity and communication may improve understanding of why quitting intentions are enhanced in some circumstances but reactance and counter-arguing responses corresponding to lower quitting intentions occur in others. Integrating a broader theoretical understanding of normative influences into campaign development and evaluation may prove useful in demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach in behaviour change campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Dono
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, SA 5000, Australia
- Health Policy Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Caroline Miller
- Health Policy Centre, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Kerry Ettridge
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Carlene Wilson
- Olivia Newton John Cancer Wellness and Research Centre, Heidelberg 3084, VIC, Australia
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3084, VIC, Australia Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
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8
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Popal H, Wang Y, Olson IR. A Guide to Representational Similarity Analysis for Social Neuroscience. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2019; 14:1243-1253. [PMID: 31989169 PMCID: PMC7057283 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsz099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Representational similarity analysis (RSA) is a computational technique that uses pairwise comparisons of stimuli to reveal their representation in higher-order space. In the context of neuroimaging, mass-univariate analyses and other multivariate analyses can provide information on what and where information is represented but have limitations in their ability to address how information is represented. Social neuroscience is a field that can particularly benefit from incorporating RSA techniques to explore hypotheses regarding the representation of multidimensional data, how representations can predict behavior, how representations differ between groups and how multimodal data can be compared to inform theories. The goal of this paper is to provide a practical as well as theoretical guide to implementing RSA in social neuroscience studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Popal
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Ingrid R Olson
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
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9
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Hall PA, Bickel WK, Erickson KI, Wagner DD. Neuroimaging, neuromodulation, and population health: the neuroscience of chronic disease prevention. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1428:240-256. [PMID: 29863790 PMCID: PMC6175225 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Preventable chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the majority of countries throughout the world, and this trend will continue for the foreseeable future. The potential to offset the social, economic, and personal burdens associated with such conditions depends on our ability to influence people's thought processes, decisions, and behaviors, all of which can be understood with reference to the brain itself. Within the health neuroscience framework, the brain can be viewed as a predictor, mediator, moderator, or outcome in relation to health-related phenomena. This review explores examples of each of these, with specific reference to the primary prevention (i.e., prevention of initial onset) of chronic diseases. Within the topic of primary prevention, we touch on several cross-cutting themes (persuasive communications, delay discounting of rewards, and self-control), and place a special focus on obesity as a disorder influenced by both eating behavior and exercise habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Hall
- School of Public Health and Health SystemsUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Warren K. Bickel
- Departments of PsychologyNeuroscience and Health Sciences, Virginia TechRoanokeVirginia
| | - Kirk I. Erickson
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania
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10
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Cooper N, Tompson S, O’Donnell MB, Vettel JM, Bassett DS, Falk EB. Associations between coherent neural activity in the brain's value system during antismoking messages and reductions in smoking. Health Psychol 2018; 37:375-384. [PMID: 29446965 PMCID: PMC5880700 DOI: 10.1037/hea0000574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Worldwide, tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death and illness. One common strategy for reducing the prevalence of cigarette smoking and other health risk behaviors is the use of graphic warning labels (GWLs). This has led to widespread interest from the perspective of health psychology in understanding the mechanisms of GWL effectiveness. Here we investigated differences in how the brain responds to negative, graphic warning label-inspired antismoking ads and neutral control ads, and we probed how this response related to future behavior. METHOD A group of smokers (N = 45) viewed GWL-inspired and control antismoking ads while undergoing fMRI, and their smoking behavior was assessed before and one month after the scan. We examined neural coherence between two regions in the brain's valuation network, the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and ventral striatum (VS). RESULTS We found that greater neural coherence in the brain's valuation network during GWL ads (relative to control ads) preceded later smoking reduction. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the integration of information about message value may be key for message influence. Understanding how the brain responds to health messaging and relates to future behavior could ultimately contribute to the design of effective messaging campaigns, as well as more broadly to theories of message effects and persuasion across domains. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cooper
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA
| | - Steven Tompson
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew B. O’Donnell
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jean M. Vettel
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Danielle S. Bassett
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emily B. Falk
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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11
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Huskey R, Mangus JM, Turner BO, Weber R. The persuasion network is modulated by drug-use risk and predicts anti-drug message effectiveness. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2017; 12:1902-1915. [PMID: 29140500 PMCID: PMC5724021 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsx126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While a persuasion network has been proposed, little is known about how network connections between brain regions contribute to attitude change. Two possible mechanisms have been advanced. One hypothesis predicts that attitude change results from increased connectivity between structures implicated in affective and executive processing in response to increases in argument strength. A second functional perspective suggests that highly arousing messages reduce connectivity between structures implicated in the encoding of sensory information, which disrupts message processing and thereby inhibits attitude change. However, persuasion is a multi-determined construct that results from both message features and audience characteristics. Therefore, persuasive messages should lead to specific functional connectivity patterns among a priori defined structures within the persuasion network. The present study exposed 28 subjects to anti-drug public service announcements where arousal, argument strength, and subject drug-use risk were systematically varied. Psychophysiological interaction analyses provide support for the affective-executive hypothesis but not for the encoding-disruption hypothesis. Secondary analyses show that video-level connectivity patterns among structures within the persuasion network predict audience responses in independent samples (one college-aged, one nationally representative). We propose that persuasion neuroscience research is best advanced by considering network-level effects while accounting for interactions between message features and target audience characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Huskey
- School of Communication, Cognitive Communication Science Lab, The Ohio State University, OH 43210, USA
| | - J Michael Mangus
- Department of Communication, Media Neuroscience Lab, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Benjamin O Turner
- Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, 637718, Singapore
| | - René Weber
- Department of Communication, Media Neuroscience Lab, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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