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Chen J, Mu X, Liu H, Yong Q, Ouyang X, Liu Y, Zheng L, Chen H, Zhai Y, Ma J, Meng L, Liu S, Zheng H. Rotenone impairs brain glial energetics and locomotor behavior in bumblebees. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167870. [PMID: 37865240 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Bumblebees are essential pollinators of both wildflowers and crops and face multiple anthropogenic stressors, particularly the utilization of pesticides. Rotenone is an extensively applied neurotoxic pesticide that possesses insecticidal activities against a wide range of pests. However, whether environmentally realistic exposure levels of rotenone can damage neurons in bumblebee brains is still uncertain. Using single-cell RNA-seq, we revealed that rotenone induced cell-specific responses in bumblebee brains, emphasizing the disruption of energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in glial cells. Correspondingly, the gene regulatory network associated with neurotransmission was also suppressed. Notably, rotenone could specially reduce the number of dopaminergic neurons, impairing bumblebee's ability to fly and crawl. We also found impaired intestinal motility in rotenone-treated bumblebees. Finally, we demonstrated that many differentially expressed genes in our snRNA-seq data overlapped with rotenone-induced Parkinson's disease risk genes, especially in glial cells. Although rotenone is widely used owing to its hypotoxicity, we found that environmentally realistic exposure levels of rotenone induced disturbed glial energetics and locomotor dysfunction in bumblebees, which may lead to an indirect decline in this essential pollinator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieteng Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaohuan Mu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huiling Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qiyao Yong
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoman Ouyang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yifan Zhai
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jie Ma
- BGI-Qingdao, Qingdao 266555, China
| | | | | | - Hao Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China.
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Ni R. PET imaging in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Behav Brain Res 2023; 438:114174. [PMID: 36283568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy, are characterized by aberrant accumulation of alpha-synuclein and synaptic dysfunction leading to motor and cognitive deficits. Animal models of alpha-synucleinopathy have greatly facilitated the mechanistic understanding of the disease and the development of therapeutics. Various transgenic, alpha-synuclein fibril-injected, and toxin-injected animal models of Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy that recapitulate the disease pathology have been developed and widely used. Recent advances in positron emission tomography have allowed the noninvasive visualization of molecular alterations, underpinning behavioral dysfunctions in the brains of animal models and the longitudinal monitoring of treatment effects. Imaging studies in these disease animal models have employed multi-tracer PET designs to reveal dopaminergic deficits together with other molecular alterations. This review focuses on the development of new positron emission tomography tracers and studies of alpha-synuclein, synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A neurotransmitter receptor deficits such as dopaminergic receptor, dopaminergic transporter, serotonergic receptor, vesicular monoamine transporter 2, hypometabolism, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction and leucine rich repeat kinase 2 in animal models of Parkinson's disease. The outstanding challenges and emerging applications are outlined, such as investigating the gut-brain-axis by using positron emission tomography in animal models, and provide a future outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Ni
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Mansoor S, Kayık G, Durdagi S, Sensoy O. Mechanistic insight into the impact of a bivalent ligand on the structure and dynamics of a GPCR oligomer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:925-936. [PMID: 35242285 PMCID: PMC8861583 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bivalent ligand; modulates conformational preferences of and correlations among microswitches, strengthens interaction between G protein and the receptor and also water channel formation.
Development of effective bivalent ligands has become the focus of intensive research toward modulation of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) oligomers, particularly in the field of GPCR pharmacology. Experimental studies have shown that they increased binding affinity and signaling potency compared to their monovalent counterparts, yet underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. To address this, we performed accelerated molecular dynamics simulations on bivalent-ligand bound Adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) dimer in the context of a modeled tetramer, which consists of A2AR and dopamine 2 receptor (D2R) homodimers and their cognate G proteins. Our results demonstrate that bivalent ligand impacted interactions between pharmacophore groups and ligand binding residues, thus modulating allosteric communication network and water channel formed within the receptor. Moreover, it also strengthens contacts between receptor and G protein, by modulating the volume of ligand binding pocket and intracellular domain of the receptor. Importantly, we showed that impact evoked by the bivalent ligand on A2AR dimer was also transmitted to apo D2R, which is part of the neighboring D2R dimer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that provides a mechanistic insight into the impact of a bivalent ligand on dynamics of a GPCR oligomer. Consequently, this will pave the way for development of effective ligands for modulation of GPCR oligomers and hence treatment of crucial diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samman Mansoor
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34810, Turkey
| | - Gülru Kayık
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Durdagi
- Computational Biology and Molecular Simulations Laboratory, Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozge Sensoy
- Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciencesand Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, 34810 Istanbul, Turkey
- School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Computer Engineering, Istanbul Medipol University, Turkey
- Corresponding author at: Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center (REMER), Research Institute for Health Sciencesand Technologies (SABITA), Istanbul Medipol University, 34810 Istanbul, Turkey.
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Oh SJ, Ahn H, Jung KH, Han SJ, Nam KR, Kang KJ, Park JA, Lee KC, Lee YJ, Choi JY. Evaluation of the Neuroprotective Effect of Microglial Depletion by CSF-1R Inhibition in a Parkinson's Animal Model. Mol Imaging Biol 2021; 22:1031-1042. [PMID: 32086763 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01485-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease (PD) is known to play a pivotal role in progression to neuronal degeneration. It has been reported that colony-stimulation factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibition can effectively deplete microglia. However, its therapeutic efficacy in PD is unclear still now. PROCEDURES To elucidate this issue, we examined the contribution of microglial depletion to PD by behavioral testing, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and immunoassays in sham, PD, and microglial depletion PD model (PLX3397 was administered to PD groups, with n = 6 in each group). RESULTS The microglial depletion in PD model showed improved sensory motor function and depressive-like behavior. NeuroPET revealed that PLX3397 treatment resulted in partial recovery of striatal neuro-inflammatory functions (binding values of [18F]DPA-174 for PD, 1.47 ± 0.12, p < 0.01 vs. for PLX3397 in PD: 1.33 ± 0.26) and the dopaminergic (binding values of 18F-FP-CIT for PD, 1.32 ± 0.07 vs. for PLX3397 in PD: 1.54 ± 0.10, p < 0.01) and glutamatergic systems (binding values of [18F]FPEB for PD: 9.22 ± 0.54 vs. for PLX3397 Tx in PD: 9.83 ± 0.96, p > 0.05). Western blotting for microglia showed similar changes. CONCLUSION Microglial depletion has inflammation-related therapeutic effects, which have beneficial effects on motor and nonmotor symptoms of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jong Oh
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Heesu Ahn
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, South Korea.,Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Ki-Hye Jung
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, South Korea.,Medical Device-Bio Research Institute, Korea Testing and Research Institute, Gwacheon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Sang Jin Han
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Kyung Rok Nam
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Kyung Jun Kang
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Park
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Kyo Chul Lee
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Yong Jin Lee
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, South Korea
| | - Jae Yong Choi
- Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01812, South Korea.
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Doller D, Bespalov A, Miller R, Pietraszek M, Kalinichev M. A case study of foliglurax, the first clinical mGluR4 PAM for symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease: translational gaps or a failing industry innovation model? Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 29:1323-1338. [PMID: 33074728 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1839047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately 40% of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients that take mostly dopamine receptor agonists for motor fluctuations, experience the return of symptoms between regular doses. This is a phenomenon known as 'OFF periods.' Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) are a promising non-dopaminergic mechanism with potential to address the unmet need of patients suffering from OFF periods. Foliglurax is the first mGluR4 PAM that has advanced into clinical testing in PD patients. AREAS COVERED We summarize the chemistry, pharmacokinetics, and preclinical pharmacology of foliglurax. Translational PET imaging studies, clinical efficacy data, and a competitive landscape analysis of available therapies are presented to the readers. In this Perspective article, foliglurax is used as a case study to illustrate the inherent R&D challenges that companies face when developing drugs. These challenges include the delivery of drugs acting through novel mechanisms, long-term scientific investment, and commercial success and shorter-term positive financial returns. EXPERT OPINION Failure to meet the primary and secondary endpoints in a Phase 2 study led Lundbeck to discontinue the development of foliglurax. Understanding the evidence supporting compound progression into Phase 2 will enable the proper assessment of the therapeutic potential of mGluR4 PAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anton Bespalov
- Partnership for Assessment and Accreditation of Scientific Practice , Heidelberg, Germany.,Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov Medical University , St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Rob Miller
- Ventral Stream Consulting LLC ., IL, USA
| | - Malgorzata Pietraszek
- Partnership for Assessment and Accreditation of Scientific Practice , Heidelberg, Germany
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Crabbé M, Van der Perren A, Weerasekera A, Himmelreich U, Baekelandt V, Van Laere K, Casteels C. Altered mGluR5 binding potential and glutamine concentration in the 6-OHDA rat model of acute Parkinson's disease and levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 61:82-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Charvin D, Pomel V, Ortiz M, Frauli M, Scheffler S, Steinberg E, Baron L, Deshons L, Rudigier R, Thiarc D, Morice C, Manteau B, Mayer S, Graham D, Giethlen B, Brugger N, Hédou G, Conquet F, Schann S. Discovery, Structure–Activity Relationship, and Antiparkinsonian Effect of a Potent and Brain-Penetrant Chemical Series of Positive Allosteric Modulators of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4. J Med Chem 2017; 60:8515-8537. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Charvin
- Prexton Therapeutics, 14 Chemin
des Aulx, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Pomel
- Prexton Therapeutics, 14 Chemin
des Aulx, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Millan Ortiz
- Prexton Therapeutics, 14 Chemin
des Aulx, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mélanie Frauli
- Domain Therapeutics, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Sophie Scheffler
- Domain Therapeutics, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Edith Steinberg
- Domain Therapeutics, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Luc Baron
- Domain Therapeutics, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurène Deshons
- Domain Therapeutics, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Rachel Rudigier
- Prestwick Chemical, 220 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Delphine Thiarc
- Prestwick Chemical, 220 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Christophe Morice
- Prestwick Chemical, 220 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Baptiste Manteau
- Domain Therapeutics, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Stanislas Mayer
- Domain Therapeutics, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Danielle Graham
- EMD Serono, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 0182, United States
| | - Bruno Giethlen
- Prestwick Chemical, 220 Boulevard Gonthier d’Andernach, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
| | - Nadia Brugger
- EMD Serono, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 0182, United States
| | - Gaël Hédou
- EMD Serono, 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, Massachusetts 0182, United States
| | - François Conquet
- Prexton Therapeutics, 14 Chemin
des Aulx, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Schann
- Domain Therapeutics, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67400 Illkirch-Strasbourg, France
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Chu Z, Liu Y, Jin W. Recent progress in Prussian blue films: Methods used to control regular nanostructures for electrochemical biosensing applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 96:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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