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Lu Z, Yang Y, Zhao G, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Liao Y, Kang Z, Feng X, Sun J, Yue W. The Association of Redox Regulatory Drug Target Genes with Psychiatric Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:398. [PMID: 38671846 PMCID: PMC11047424 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox regulatory drug (RRD) targets may be considered potential novel drug targets of psychosis due to the fact that the brain is highly susceptible to oxidative stress imbalance. The aim of the present study is to identify potential associations between RRD targets' perturbation and the risk of psychoses; to achieve this, Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted. The expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and protein QTL data were used to derive the genetic instrumental variables. We obtained the latest summary data of genome-wide association studies on seven psychoses as outcomes, including schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa. In total, 95 unique targets were included in the eQTL panel, and 48 targets in the pQTL one. Genetic variations in the vitamin C target (OGFOD2, OR = 0.784, p = 2.14 × 10-7) and melatonin target (RORB, OR = 1.263, p = 8.80 × 10-9) were significantly related to the risk of SCZ. Genetic variation in the vitamin E (PRKCB, OR = 0.248, p = 1.24 × 10-5) target was related to an increased risk of BD. Genetic variation in the vitamin C target (P4HTM: cerebellum, OR = 1.071, p = 4.64 × 10-7; cerebellar hemisphere, OR = 1.092, p = 1.98 × 10-6) was related to an increased risk of MDD. Cognitive function mediated the effects on causal associations. In conclusion, this study provides supportive evidence for a causal association between RRD targets and risk of SCZ, BD or MDD, which were partially mediated by cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Lu
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Guorui Zhao
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuyanan Zhang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yaoyao Sun
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yundan Liao
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhewei Kang
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoyang Feng
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Junyuan Sun
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weihua Yue
- Institute of Mental Health, Peking University Sixth Hospital, No. 51 Hua Yuan Bei Road, Beijing 100191, China; (Z.L.); (G.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.S.); (Y.L.); (Z.K.); (X.F.); (J.S.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
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Ala-Nisula T, Halmetoja R, Leinonen H, Kurkela M, Lipponen HR, Sakko S, Karpale M, Salo AM, Sissala N, Röning T, Raza GS, Mäkelä KA, Thevenot J, Herzig KH, Serpi R, Myllyharju J, Tanila H, Koivunen P, Dimova EY. Metabolic characteristics of transmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H-TM) deficient mice. Pflugers Arch 2024:10.1007/s00424-024-02920-5. [PMID: 38396259 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02920-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Transmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H-TM) is an enigmatic enzyme whose cellular function and primary substrate remain to be identified. Its loss-of-function mutations cause a severe neurological HIDEA syndrome with hypotonia, intellectual disability, dysautonomia and hypoventilation. Previously, P4H-TM deficiency in mice was associated with reduced atherogenesis and lower serum triglyceride levels. Here, we characterized the glucose and lipid metabolism of P4h-tm-/- mice in physiological and tissue analyses. P4h-tm-/- mice showed variations in 24-h oscillations of energy expenditure, VO2 and VCO2 and locomotor activity compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Their rearing activity was reduced, and they showed significant muscle weakness and compromised coordination. Sedated P4h-tm-/- mice had better glucose tolerance, lower fasting insulin levels, higher fasting lactate levels and lower fasting free fatty acid levels compared to WT. These alterations were not present in conscious P4h-tm-/- mice. Fasted P4h-tm-/- mice presented with faster hepatic glycogenolysis. The respiratory rate of conscious P4h-tm-/- mice was significantly lower compared to the WT, the decrease being further exacerbated by sedation and associated with acidosis and a reduced ventilatory response to both hypoxia and hypercapnia. P4H-TM deficiency in mice is associated with alterations in whole-body energy metabolism, day-night rhythm of activity, glucose homeostasis and neuromuscular and respiratory functions. Although the underlying mechanism(s) are not yet fully understood, the phenotype appears to have neurological origins, controlled by brain and central nervous system circuits. The phenotype of P4h-tm-/- mice recapitulates some of the symptoms of HIDEA patients, making this mouse model a valuable tool to study and develop tailored therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuulia Ala-Nisula
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka Halmetoja
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Henri Leinonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Margareta Kurkela
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Henna-Riikka Lipponen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Samuli Sakko
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko Karpale
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Antti M Salo
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Niina Sissala
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tapio Röning
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ghulam S Raza
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, Medical Research Center and University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kari A Mäkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, Medical Research Center and University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jérôme Thevenot
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, Medical Research Center and University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Raisa Serpi
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Tanila
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Peppi Koivunen
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Elitsa Y Dimova
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7C, P.O. Box 5400, 90014, Oulu, Finland
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Xie J, Zhang Z. Recent Advances and Therapeutic Implications of 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenases in Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03790-1. [PMID: 38041714 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a common disease with a high disability rate and mortality, which brings heavy pressure on families and medical insurance. Nowadays, the golden treatments for ischemic stroke in the acute phase mainly include endovascular therapy and intravenous thrombolysis. Some drugs are used to alleviate brain injury in patients with ischemic stroke, such as edaravone and 3-n-butylphthalide. However, no effective neuroprotective drug for ischemic stroke has been acknowledged. 2-Oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (2OGDDs) are conserved and common dioxygenases whose activities depend on O2, Fe2+, and 2OG. Most 2OGDDs are expressed in the brain and are essential for the development and functions of the brain. Therefore, 2OGDDs likely play essential roles in ischemic brain injury. In this review, we briefly elucidate the functions of most 2OGDDs, particularly the effects of regulations of 2OGDDs on various cells in different phases after ischemic stroke. It would also provide promising potential therapeutic targets and directions of drug development for protecting the brain against ischemic injury and improving outcomes of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Research Institution of Neuropsychiatry, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression, Department of Mental Health and Public Health, Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
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Wu Y, Wang L, Zhang CY, Li M, Li Y. Genetic similarities and differences among distinct definitions of depression. Psychiatry Res 2022; 317:114843. [PMID: 36115168 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a common and complex psychiatric illness with considerable heritability. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been conducted among different definitions of depression based on different diagnostic criteria. However, the heritability explained by different depression GWAS and the identified loci varied widely. To understand the genetic architectures of different definitions of depression, we conducted a series of genetic analyses including linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC), Mendelian randomization, and polygenic overlap quantification and identification. Different definitions of depression and other common psychiatric traits were included in this analysis. We found that although genetic correlations between different definitions of depression were relatively high, they showed substantially different genetic correlation and causality with other psychiatric traits. Using bivariate causal mixture mode (MiXeR) and conjunctional false discovery rate (conjFDR) approach, we observed both shared and unique risk loci across different definitions of depression. Further functional mapping with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) information from multiple brain tissues and single cell types indicated distinct genes underlying different definitions of depression, and pathways associated with synapses were significantly enriched in the illness. Our study showed that the genetic architectures of different definitions of depression were distinct and genetic studies of depression should be conducted more cautious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- Research Center for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, 430012, Hubei, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Chu-Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Research Center for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, 430012, Hubei, China; Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, 430012, Hubei, China; Research Center for Psychological and Health Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430012, Hubei, China.
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5
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Functional Genomics Analysis to Disentangle the Role of Genetic Variants in Major Depression. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071259. [PMID: 35886042 PMCID: PMC9320424 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular basis of major depression is critical for identifying new potential biomarkers and drug targets to alleviate its burden on society. Leveraging available GWAS data and functional genomic tools to assess regulatory variation could help explain the role of major depression-associated genetic variants in disease pathogenesis. We have conducted a fine-mapping analysis of genetic variants associated with major depression and applied a pipeline focused on gene expression regulation by using two complementary approaches: cis-eQTL colocalization analysis and alteration of transcription factor binding sites. The fine-mapping process uncovered putative causally associated variants whose proximal genes were linked with major depression pathophysiology. Four colocalizing genetic variants altered the expression of five genes, highlighting the role of SLC12A5 in neuronal chlorine homeostasis and MYRF in nervous system myelination and oligodendrocyte differentiation. The transcription factor binding analysis revealed the potential role of rs62259947 in modulating P4HTM expression by altering the YY1 binding site, altogether regulating hypoxia response. Overall, our pipeline could prioritize putative causal genetic variants in major depression. More importantly, it can be applied when only index genetic variants are available. Finally, the presented approach enabled the proposal of mechanistic hypotheses of these genetic variants and their role in disease pathogenesis.
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The multifaceted role of EGLN family prolyl hydroxylases in cancer: going beyond HIF regulation. Oncogene 2022; 41:3665-3679. [PMID: 35705735 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
EGLN1, EGLN2 and EGLN3 are proline hydroxylase whose main function is the regulation of the HIF factors. They work as oxygen sensors and are the main responsible of HIFα subunits degradation in normoxia. Being their activity strictly oxygen-dependent, when oxygen tension lowers, their control on HIFα is released, leading to activation of systemic and cellular response to hypoxia. However, EGLN family members activity is not limited to HIF modulation, but it includes the regulation of essential mechanisms for cell survival, cell cycle metabolism, proliferation and transcription. This is due to their reported hydroxylase activity on a number of non-HIF targets and sometimes to hydroxylase-independent functions. For these reasons, EGLN enzymes appear fundamental for development and progression of different cancer types, playing either a tumor-suppressive or a tumor-promoting role, according to EGLN isoform and to tumor context. Notably, EGLN1, the most studied isoform, has been shown to have also a central role in tumor micro-environment modulation, mediating CAF activation and impairing HIF1α -related angiogenesis, thus covering an important function in cancer metastasis promotion. Considering the recent knowledge acquired on EGLNs, the possibility to target these enzymes for cancer treatment is emerging. However, due to their multifaceted and controversial roles in different cancer types, the use of EGLN inhibitors as anti-cancer drugs should be carefully evaluated in each context.
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Inactivation of mouse transmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylase increases blood brain barrier permeability and ischemia-induced cerebral neuroinflammation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101721. [PMID: 35151685 PMCID: PMC8914383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylases (HIF-P4Hs) regulate the hypoxic induction of >300 genes required for survival and adaptation under oxygen deprivation. Inhibition of HIF-P4H-2 has been shown to be protective in focal cerebral ischemia rodent models, while that of HIF-P4H-1 has no effects and inactivation of HIF-P4H-3 has adverse effects. A transmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H-TM) is highly expressed in the brain and contributes to the regulation of HIF, but the outcome of its inhibition on stroke is yet unknown. To study this, we subjected WT and P4htm−/− mice to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Lack of P4H-TM had no effect on lesion size following pMCAO, but increased inflammatory microgliosis and neutrophil infiltration was observed in the P4htm−/− cortex. Furthermore, both the permeability of blood brain barrier and ultrastructure of cerebral tight junctions were compromised in P4htm−/− mice. At the molecular level, P4H-TM deficiency led to increased expression of proinflammatory genes and robust activation of protein kinases in the cortex, while expression of tight junction proteins and the neuroprotective growth factors erythropoietin and vascular endothelial growth factor was reduced. Our data provide the first evidence that P4H-TM inactivation has no protective effect on infarct size and increases inflammatory microgliosis and neutrophil infiltration in the cortex at early stage after pMCAO. When considering HIF-P4H inhibitors as potential therapeutics in stroke, the current data support that isoenzyme-selective inhibitors that do not target P4H-TM or HIF-P4H-3 would be preferred.
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Määttä J, Serpi R, Hörkkö S, Izzi V, Myllyharju J, Dimova EY, Koivunen P. Genetic Ablation of Transmembrane Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase Reduces Atherosclerotic Plaques in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2128-2140. [PMID: 34039020 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Määttä
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research (J. Määttä, R.S., V.I., J. Myllyharju, E.Y.D., P.K.), University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Raisa Serpi
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research (J. Määttä, R.S., V.I., J. Myllyharju, E.Y.D., P.K.), University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Sohvi Hörkkö
- Institute of Biomedicine (S.H.), University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Valerio Izzi
- Faculty of Medicine (V.I.), University of Oulu, Finland
- Finnish Cancer Institute, Helsinki, Finland (V.I.)
| | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research (J. Määttä, R.S., V.I., J. Myllyharju, E.Y.D., P.K.), University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Elitsa Y Dimova
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research (J. Määttä, R.S., V.I., J. Myllyharju, E.Y.D., P.K.), University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Peppi Koivunen
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research (J. Määttä, R.S., V.I., J. Myllyharju, E.Y.D., P.K.), University of Oulu, Finland
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Dengler F, Sova S, Salo AM, Mäki JM, Koivunen P, Myllyharju J. Expression and Roles of Individual HIF Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase Isoenzymes in the Regulation of the Hypoxia Response Pathway along the Murine Gastrointestinal Epithelium. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4038. [PMID: 33919829 PMCID: PMC8070794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylases (HIF-P4H) control hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), a powerful mechanism regulating cellular adaptation to decreased oxygenation. The gastrointestinal epithelium subsists in "physiological hypoxia" and should therefore have an especially well-designed control over this adaptation. Thus, we assessed the absolute mRNA expression levels of the HIF pathway components, Hif1a, HIF2a, Hif-p4h-1, 2 and 3 and factor inhibiting HIF (Fih1) in murine jejunum, caecum and colon epithelium using droplet digital PCR. We found a higher expression of all these genes towards the distal end of the gastrointestinal tract. We detected mRNA for Hif-p4h-1, 2 and 3 in all parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Hif-p4h-2 had significantly higher expression levels compared to Hif-p4h-1 and 3 in colon and caecum epithelium. To test the roles each HIF-P4H isoform plays in the gut epithelium, we measured the gene expression of classical HIF target genes in Hif-p4h-1-/-, Hif-p4h-2 hypomorph and Hif-p4h-3-/- mice. Only Hif-p4h-2 hypomorphism led to an upregulation of HIF target genes, confirming a predominant role of HIF-P4H-2. However, the abundance of Hif-p4h-1 and 3 expression in the gastrointestinal epithelium implies that these isoforms may have specific functions as well. Thus, the development of selective inhibitors might be useful for diverging therapeutic needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Dengler
- Unit of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Experimental Endocrinology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (A.M.S.); (J.M.M.); (P.K.); (J.M.)
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sofia Sova
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (A.M.S.); (J.M.M.); (P.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Antti M. Salo
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (A.M.S.); (J.M.M.); (P.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Joni M. Mäki
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (A.M.S.); (J.M.M.); (P.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Peppi Koivunen
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (A.M.S.); (J.M.M.); (P.K.); (J.M.)
| | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.S.); (A.M.S.); (J.M.M.); (P.K.); (J.M.)
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Transmembrane Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase is a Novel Regulator of Calcium Signaling in Astrocytes. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0253-20.2020. [PMID: 33298456 PMCID: PMC7814479 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0253-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolyl 4-hydroxylases (P4Hs) have vital roles in regulating collagen synthesis and hypoxia response. A transmembrane P4H (P4H-TM) is a recently identified member of the family. Biallelic loss of function P4H-TM mutations cause a severe autosomal recessive intellectual disability syndrome in humans, but functions of P4H-TM are essentially unknown at cellular level. Our microarray data on P4h-tm -/- mouse cortexes where P4H-TM is abundantly expressed indicated expression changes in genes involved in calcium signaling and expression of several calcium sequestering ATPases was upregulated in P4h-tm -/- primary mouse astrocytes. Cytosolic and intraorganellar calcium imaging of P4h-tm -/- cells revealed that receptor-operated calcium entry (ROCE) and store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and calcium re-uptake by mitochondria were compromised. HIF1, but not HIF2, was found to be a key mediator of the P4H-TM effect on calcium signaling. Furthermore, total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) imaging showed that calcium agonist-induced gliotransmission was attenuated in P4h-tm -/- astrocytes. This phenotype was accompanied by redistribution of mitochondria from distal processes to central parts of the cell body and decreased intracellular ATP content. Our data show that P4H-TM is a novel regulator of calcium dynamics and gliotransmission.
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Myllykoski M, Sutinen A, Koski MK, Kallio JP, Raasakka A, Myllyharju J, Wierenga RK, Koivunen P. Structure of transmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylase reveals unique organization of EF and dioxygenase domains. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100197. [PMID: 33334883 PMCID: PMC7948501 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.016542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolyl 4-hydroxylases (P4Hs) catalyze post-translational hydroxylation of peptidyl proline residues. In addition to collagen P4Hs and hypoxia-inducible factor P4Hs, a third P4H-the poorly characterized endoplasmic reticulum-localized transmembrane prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H-TM)-is found in animals. P4H-TM variants are associated with the familiar neurological HIDEA syndrome, but how these variants might contribute to disease is unknown. Here, we explored this question in a structural and functional analysis of soluble human P4H-TM. The crystal structure revealed an EF domain with two Ca2+-binding motifs inserted within the catalytic domain. A substrate-binding groove was formed between the EF domain and the conserved core of the catalytic domain. The proximity of the EF domain to the active site suggests that Ca2+ binding is relevant to the catalytic activity. Functional analysis demonstrated that Ca2+-binding affinity of P4H-TM is within the range of physiological Ca2+ concentration in the endoplasmic reticulum. P4H-TM was found both as a monomer and a dimer in the solution, but the monomer-dimer equilibrium was not regulated by Ca2+. The catalytic site contained bound Fe2+ and N-oxalylglycine, which is an analogue of the cosubstrate 2-oxoglutarate. Comparison with homologous P4H structures complexed with peptide substrates showed that the substrate-interacting residues and the lid structure that folds over the substrate are conserved in P4H-TM, whereas the extensive loop structures that surround the substrate-binding groove, generating a negative surface potential, are different. Analysis of the structure suggests that the HIDEA variants cause loss of P4H-TM function. In conclusion, P4H-TM shares key structural elements with other P4Hs while having a unique EF domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti Myllykoski
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aleksi Sutinen
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - M Kristian Koski
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha P Kallio
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Arne Raasakka
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Rik K Wierenga
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peppi Koivunen
- Biocenter Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Lopes F, Vicentini FA, Cluny NL, Mathews AJ, Lee BH, Almishri WA, Griffin L, Gonçalves W, Pinho V, McKay DM, Hirota SA, Swain MG, Pittman QJ, Sharkey KA. Brain TNF drives post-inflammation depression-like behavior and persistent pain in experimental arthritis. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 89:224-232. [PMID: 32592863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis experience chronic pain, depression and fatigue, even when inflammation of the joints is well controlled. To study the relationship between arthritis, depression, and sustained pain when articular inflammation is no longer observed, we tested the hypothesis that brain TNF drives post-inflammation depression-like behavior and persistent pain in experimental arthritis. The murine model of antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) was used to evaluate the effects of knee inflammation on sustained pain and depression-like behavior. We measured joint pain using an automated dynamic plantar algesiometer and depression-like behavior with the tail suspension test. Cytokines were measured by Luminex assay and ELISA. TNF in the brain was blocked by intracerebroventricular injection of anti-TNF antibodies. Histological damage and elevated levels of cytokines were observed in the knee 24 h after antigen treatment, but not at 13 days. Reduced pain thresholds were seen 24 h and 13 days after treatment. Depression-like behavior was observed on day 13. Treatment with the antidepressant imipramine reduced both depression-like behavior and persistent pain. However, blocking joint pain with the analgesic dipyrone did not alter depression-like behavior. Elevated levels of TNF, CCL2, and CXCL-1 were observed in the hippocampus 24 h after treatment, with TNF remaining elevated at day 13. Intracerebroventricular infusion of an anti-TNF antibody blocked depression-like behavior and reduced persistent pain. We have demonstrated that depression-like behavior and pain is sustained in AIA mice after the resolution of inflammation. These changes are associated with elevated levels of TNF in the hippocampus and are dependent upon brain TNF. The findings reveal an important mechanistic link between the expression of chronic pain and depression in experimental arthritis. Furthermore, they suggest treating depression in rheumatoid arthritis may positively impact other debilitating features of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Lopes
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Fernando A Vicentini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nina L Cluny
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alexander J Mathews
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Benjamin H Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Wagdi A Almishri
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lateece Griffin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - William Gonçalves
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Derek M McKay
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mark G Swain
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Quentin J Pittman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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