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Dan L, Guilin Z, Linxue Z, Yao T, Li W, Ying X, Jinkui C, Wenqian Z, Guanchao Z, Hang L, Dehua L. Effect of thumbtack needle on functional constipation: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2024; 84:103069. [PMID: 39128533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2024.103069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thumbtack Needling (TN) has been employed in the treatment of functional constipation (FC), although the existing evidence supporting its effectiveness is limited. This study is to evaluate the efficacy of TN in ameliorating FC. METHOD A total of 482 eligible patients were recruited and randomly assigned to the TN group or the Mosapride Citrate (MC) group. The TN was buried once for three days, rest for one day after two consecutive burials, followed by a 4-week follow-up. The primary outcome measure was the score for Complete and spontaneous bowel movement score (CSBMs). Secondary outcome measures included the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS), Cleveland Clinic Score (CCS), and the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAC-QOL). RESULTS Out of the 482 patients randomized, 241 were allocated to each group. Of these, 216 patients (89.6 %) in both groups completed the intervention and follow-up. Compared with the baseline, the differences of CSBMs in TN group [1.76(95 % CI, 1.61 to 1.91)] and MC group [1.35(95 % CI, 1.20 to 1.50)] at week 4 meet the threshold for minimal clinically important difference (MCID). However, there were no clinical difference from baseline at week 2 and week 8 in both groups. Mean CSBMs at week 4 was 3.35 ± 0.99 in the TN group and 3 ± 1.03 in the MC group (adjusted difference between groups, 0.37 points [95 % CI, 0.18 to 0.55]; P < 0.001), although differences between the two groups did not meet the MCID threshold. CONCLUSION Compared with mosapride citrate, thumbtack needling produced a greater improvement in CSBMs, although the difference from control was not clinically significant. CLINICALTRIALS GOV IDENTIFIER ChiCTR2100043684.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dan
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
| | - Zhang Guilin
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
| | - Zhang Linxue
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
| | - Tang Yao
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
| | - Wang Li
- The People's Hospital of Dazu, Chongqing 402360, China.
| | - Xu Ying
- Chengdu Jinxin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Cao Jinkui
- Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200081, China.
| | - Zhao Wenqian
- Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital, Chengdu 611135, China.
| | - Zuo Guanchao
- Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital, Chengdu 611135, China.
| | - Li Hang
- Chengdu Eighth People's Hospital, Chengdu 610017, China.
| | - Li Dehua
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
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Sancho-Alonso M, Sarriés-Serrano U, Miquel-Rio L, Yanes Castilla C, Paz V, Meana JJ, Perello M, Bortolozzi A. New insights into the effects of serotonin on Parkinson's disease and depression through its role in the gastrointestinal tract. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND MENTAL HEALTH 2024:S2950-2853(24)00039-5. [PMID: 38992345 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpmh.2024.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders are frequently associated with gastrointestinal (GI) co-pathologies. Although the central and enteric nervous systems (CNS and ENS, respectively) have been studied separately, there is increasing interest in factors that may contribute to conditions affecting both systems. There is compelling evidence that serotonin (5-HT) may play an important role in several gut-brain disorders. It is well known that 5-HT is essential for the development and functioning of the CNS. However, most of the body's 5-HT is produced in the GI tract. A deeper understanding of the specific effects of enteric 5-HT on gut-brain disorders may provide the basis for the development of new therapeutic targets. This review summarizes current data focusing on the important role of 5-HT in ENS development and motility, with particular emphasis on novel aspects of 5-HT signaling in conditions where CNS and ENS comorbidities are common, such as Parkinson's disease and depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Sancho-Alonso
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Anatomy and Human Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Unai Sarriés-Serrano
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Lluis Miquel-Rio
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia Yanes Castilla
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Paz
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Javier Meana
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, E-48940 Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Mario Perello
- Grupo de Neurofisiología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE), Universidad Nacional La Plata (UNLP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) y Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC-PBA), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Analia Bortolozzi
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Systems Neuropharmacology Research Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Wei HL, Yu YS, Wang MY, Zhou GP, Li J, Zhang H, Zhou Z. Exploring potential neuroimaging biomarkers for the response to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in episodic migraine. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:104. [PMID: 38902598 PMCID: PMC11191194 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are considered first-line medications for acute migraine attacks. However, the response exhibits considerable variability among individuals. Thus, this study aimed to explore a machine learning model based on the percentage of amplitude oscillations (PerAF) and gray matter volume (GMV) to predict the response to NSAIDs in migraine treatment. METHODS Propensity score matching was adopted to match patients having migraine with response and nonresponse to NSAIDs, ensuring consistency in clinical characteristics and migraine-related features. Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging was employed to extract PerAF and GMV, followed by feature selection using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and recursive feature elimination algorithms. Multiple predictive models were constructed and the final model with the smallest predictive residuals was chosen. The model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROCAUC) curve, area under the precision-recall curve (PRAUC), balance accuracy (BACC), sensitivity, F1 score, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). External validation was performed using a public database. Then, correlation analysis was performed between the neuroimaging predictors and clinical features in migraine. RESULTS One hundred eighteen patients with migraine (59 responders and 59 non-responders) were enrolled. Six features (PerAF of left insula and left transverse temporal gyrus; and GMV of right superior frontal gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, and left precuneus) were observed. The random forest model with the lowest predictive residuals was selected and model metrics (ROCAUC, PRAUC, BACC, sensitivity, F1 score, PPV, and NPV) in the training and testing groups were 0.982, 0.983, 0.927, 0.976, 0.930, 0.889, and 0.973; and 0.711, 0.648, 0.639, 0.667,0.649, 0.632, and 0.647, respectively. The model metrics of external validation were 0.631, 0.651, 0.611, 0.808, 0.656, 0.553, and 0.706. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was found between the GMV of the left precuneus and attack time in non-responders. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the potential of multimodal neuroimaging features in predicting the efficacy of NSAIDs in migraine treatment and provide novel insights into the neural mechanisms underlying migraine and its optimized treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Le Wei
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.169, Hushan Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Yu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.169, Hushan Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng-Yao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.169, Hushan Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang-Ping Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.169, Hushan Road, Nanjing, China
| | - Junrong Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.169, Hushan Road, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhengyang Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China.
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Alizadeh Pahlavani H. Possible role of exercise therapy on depression: Effector neurotransmitters as key players. Behav Brain Res 2024; 459:114791. [PMID: 38048912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
About 280 million people suffer from depression as the most common neurological disorder and the most common cause of death worldwide. Exercise with serotonin released in the brain by the 5-HT3-IGF-1 mechanism can lead to antidepressant effects. Swimming exercise has antidepressant effects by increasing the sensitivity of serotonin 5-HT2 receptors and postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors, increasing 5-HT and 5HIAA levels, increasing TPH and serotonin, and decreasing inflammatory levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Anaerobic and aerobic exercises increase beta-endorphin, enkephalin, and dynorphin and have antidepressant effects. Exercise by increasing dopamine, D1R, and D2R leads to the expression of BDNF and activation of TrkB and has antidepressant behavior. Exercise leads to a significant increase in GABAAR (γ2 and α2 subunits) and reduces neurodegenerative disorders caused by GABA imbalance through anti-inflammatory pathways. By increasing glutamate and PGC1α and reducing glutamatergic neurotoxicity, exercise enhances neurogenesis and synaptogenesis and prevents neurodegeneration and the onset of depression. Irisin release during exercise shows an important role in depression by increasing dopamine, BDNF, NGF, and IGF-1 and decreasing inflammatory mediators such as IL-6 and IL-1β. In addition, exercise-induced orexin and NPY can increase hippocampal neurogenesis and relieve depression. After exercise, the tryptophan to large neutral amino acids (TRP/LNAA) ratio and the tryptophan to branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) ratio increase, which may have antidepressant effects. The expression of M5 receptor and nAChR α7 increases after exercise and significantly increases dopamine and acetylcholine and ameliorates depression. It appears that during exercise, muscarinic receptors can reduce depression through dopamine in the absence of acetylcholine. Therefore, exercise can be used to reduce depression by affecting neurotransmitters, neuromodulators, cytokines, and/or neurotrophins.
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Adonina S, Bazhenova E, Bazovkina D. Effect of Short Photoperiod on Behavior and Brain Plasticity in Mice Differing in Predisposition to Catalepsy: The Role of BDNF and Serotonin System. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2469. [PMID: 38473717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Seasonal affective disorder is characterized by depression during fall/winter as a result of shorter daylight. Catalepsy is a syndrome of some grave mental diseases. Both the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying catalepsy and depressive disorders. The aim was to compare the response of behavior and brain plasticity to photoperiod alterations in catalepsy-resistant C57BL/6J and catalepsy-prone CBA/Lac male mice. Mice of both strains were exposed for six weeks to standard-day (14 h light/10 h darkness) or short-day (4 h light/20 h darkness) conditions. Short photoperiod increased depressive-like behavior in both strains. Only treated CBA/Lac mice demonstrated increased cataleptic immobility, decreased brain 5-HT level, and the expression of Tph2 gene encoding the key enzyme for 5-HT biosynthesis. Mice of both strains maintained under short-day conditions, compared to those under standard-day conditions, showed a region-specific decrease in the brain transcription of the Htr1a, Htr4, and Htr7 genes. After a short photoperiod exposure, the mRNA levels of the BDNF-related genes were reduced in CBA/Lac mice and were increased in the C57BL/6J mice. Thus, the predisposition to catalepsy considerably influences the photoperiodic changes in neuroplasticity, wherein both C57BL/6J and CBA/Lac mice can serve as a powerful tool for investigating the link between seasons and mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Adonina
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Science, Lavrentieva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Bazhenova
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Science, Lavrentieva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Darya Bazovkina
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Science, Lavrentieva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Mohan KN. Editorial: New insights into investigating schizophrenia as a disorder of molecular pathways. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1360616. [PMID: 38274843 PMCID: PMC10805877 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1360616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kommu Naga Mohan
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
- Centre for Human Disease Research, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, India
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Wang Y, Huang Y, Zhao M, Yang L, Su K, Wu H, Wang Y, Chang Q, Liu W. Zuojin pill improves chronic unpredictable stress-induced depression-like behavior and gastrointestinal dysfunction in mice via the theTPH2/5-HT pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155067. [PMID: 37716030 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The complex bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain is associated with mental disorders such as depression; serotonin, as a crucial neurotransmitter in the communication system between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract, has effects on regulating gastrointestinal motility and sensation and improving psychosomatic status. Zuojin pill is used as a traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. This study explored the effects of Zuojin pill on the improvement of depression and gastrointestinal function in CUMS mice via TPH2 and its mechanism. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate whether Zuojin pill could improve depression and concomitant gastrointestinal dysfunction, and to reveal whether Zuojin pill could work through the regulation of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) pathway. METHODS The CUMS model was established to observe the effects of Zuojin pill on depression-like behavior and gastrointestinal function in mice. Nissler staining and HE staining were used to observe the structure of hippocampal neurons and intestinal mucosa respectively. 5-HT levels in serum, hippocampus, and intestinal tissues were measured by ELISA, and TPH2 expression in hippocampus and intestinal nerves was observed by WB and immunofluorescence. In order to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of Zuojin pill on PC12 cells, CORT used an in vitro model to produce PC12 cell damage. RESULTS Our study showed that Zuojin pill ameliorated depression-like behavior and gastrointestinal dysfunction in CUMS mice, elevated BDNF, 5-HT, and TPH2 expression in the hippocampus, and restored the ratio of dopaminergic and GABAergic neurons between intestinal muscles. In vitro experiments showed that Zuojin pill exerted a protective effect on neurons by regulating TPH2 ubiquitination and thus inhibiting CORT-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells. CONCLUSION Zuojin pill improves chronic unpredictable stress-induced depression-like behavior and gastrointestinal dysfunction in mice via the TPH2/5-HT pathway. Therefore, TPH2 may be a potential therapeutic target for depression with gastrointestinal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuzhen Huang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Kunhan Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China.
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Laakso EL, Ewais T. A Holistic Perspective on How Photobiomodulation May Influence Fatigue, Pain, and Depression in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Beyond Molecular Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051497. [PMID: 37239169 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous mechanisms, mostly molecular, have been tested and proposed for photobiomodulation. Photobiomodulation is finding a niche in the treatment of conditions that have no gold-standard treatment or only partially effective pharmacological treatment. Many chronic conditions are characterised by symptoms for which there is no cure or control and for which pharmaceuticals may add to the disease burden through side effects. To add quality to life, alternate methods of symptom management need to be identified. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate how photobiomodulation, through its numerous mechanisms, may offer an adjunctive therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. Rather than considering only molecular mechanisms, we take an overarching biopsychosocial approach to propose how existing evidence gleaned from other studies may underpin a treatment strategy of potential benefit to people with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. MAIN FINDINGS In this paper, the authors have proposed the perspective that photobiomodulation, through an integrated effect on the neuroimmune and microbiome-gut-brain axis, has the potential to be effective in managing the fatigue, pain, and depressive symptoms of people with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E-Liisa Laakso
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Tatjana Ewais
- Mater Adolescent and Young Adult Health Clinic, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4068, Australia
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia
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Alizamini MM, Fattahi M, Sayehmiri F, Haghparast A, Liang J. Regulatory Role of PFC Corticotropin-Releasing Factor System in Stress-Associated Depression Disorders: A Systematic Review. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022:10.1007/s10571-022-01289-2. [PMID: 36227396 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01289-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Stress has a substantial role in formation of psychiatric disorders especially depression. Meanwhile, impairment of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is connected to the executive and cognitive deficits induced by the stress. Given the involvement of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in stress-related processes and knowing the fact that PFC hosts a lot of CRF receptors and CRF neurotransmissions, it can worth to look at the CRF as a potential treatment for the regulation of depression disorders induced by stress within PFC region. Here, for the first time we aimed to systematically review the effectiveness of intra-PFC CRF system in the modulation of depression dysfunction caused by the stress in clinical and preclinical models/studies. Qualified researches were combined utilizing a comprehensive search of six databases including Scopus, Pubmed, Web of Science, Sciencedirect, APA PsycNet, and Embase in April 2021 and were evaluated through proper methodological quality assessment tools. Results indicate that PFC has a remarkable role in the modulation for stress-induced depression and intra-PFC CRF receptors agonist and antagonist are very considerable for regulating these types of impairments. Specifically, elevation of both CRF immunoreactivity and gene expression were observed in human studies. In the animal studies, mostly immunoreactivity or excitatory/inhibitory currents of CRF within the PFC regulated depression dysfunction. In conclusion, reviewed studies show a positive attitude toward the CRF system in regulation of the stress-induced depression; however, obviously further investigations are required to get closer to the best treatment. Prefrontal cortex corticotropin-releasing factor system regulates stress-induced depression. CRFR1, Corticotropin-releasing factor receptor of type1; PFC, Prefrontal cortex; Minus (-) and Plus (+) signs, dysregulation and upregulation, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirmohammadali Mirramezani Alizamini
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zip Code 100101, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mojdeh Fattahi
- Student Research Committee, Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sayehmiri
- Student Research Committee, Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Haghparast
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O.Box 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jing Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zip Code 100101, Beijing, China. .,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Banskota S, Khan WI. Gut-derived serotonin and its emerging roles in immune function, inflammation, metabolism and the gut-brain axis. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2022; 29:177-182. [PMID: 35197425 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To shed light on the recently uncovered diverse role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) in the regulation of immune functions, inflammation, metabolism, and gut-brain axis. RECENT FINDINGS Peripheral 5-HT which accounts for approximately 95% of the total is largely synthesized in the gut by enterochromaffin cells. Enterochromaffin cells release 5-HT in response to various stimuli including microbial products. Released 5-HT influences secretomotor, sensory and immune functions as well as inflammatory processes in the gut. 5-HT released from enterochromaffin cells enters circulation and is taken up and concentrated in platelets. 5-HT released from the activated platelets interacts with different organs to alter their metabolic activity. 5-HT also serves as a link in the gut-brain axis. SUMMARY Emerging evidence regarding the role of peripheral 5-HT in the regulation of various physiological and pathophysiological conditions opens up new targets for researchers to explore and for clinicians to treat and manage different diseases associated with the altered 5-HT signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhrid Banskota
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Xie T, Jin F, Jia X, Mao H, Xu Y, Zhang S. High cellulose diet promotes intestinal motility through regulating intestinal immune homeostasis and serotonin biosynthesis. Biol Chem 2021; 403:279-292. [PMID: 34536342 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It is widely accepted dietary fiber intimately linked to inflammatory and nervous diseases, which often been described with altered gastrointestinal (GI) motility. However, how dose dietary fiber modulate inflammation and crosstalk influence GI function has not been explained in detail. We found fiber-free diet reduced intestinal motility, accompanied by upregulated proinflammatory immunocytes and inflammatory cytokines in colon of mice. We also discovered high-cellulose diet increased synthesis of serotonin and expression of neurotrophic factors, both of that have been reported involved in promoting intestinal motility. In addition, metabolomics analysis showed increased tryptophan metabolites in high-cellulose diet mice, which happened to be required for serotonin biosynthesis. Further analysis revealed high-cellulose diet changed the composition of gut microbiota, in particular by altering the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, consequently, concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially acetate. Orally administration of acetate confirmed its modulating to serotonin synthesis, neurotrophic factors expression and immunocyte differentiation through regulating histone deacetylase (HDAC3) activity in colon. Together, our results demonstrated high-cellulose diet promote intestinal motility through regulating intestinal homeostasis and enteric nervous system by increasing acetate production and HDAC3 inhibition. Thus, rich cellulose diet or acetate supplement can be considered as dietary advice to improve clinically intestinal motility insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou510282, China
| | - Fa Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou510282, China
| | - Xiaokun Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou510282, China
| | - Hengxu Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou510282, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou510282, China
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou510282, China
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Buchmann Godinho D, da Silva Fiorin F, Schneider Oliveira M, Furian AF, Rechia Fighera M, Freire Royes LF. The immunological influence of physical exercise on TBI-induced pathophysiology: Crosstalk between the spleen, gut, and brain. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 130:15-30. [PMID: 34400178 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a non-degenerative and non-congenital insult to the brain and is recognized as a global public health problem, with a high incidence of neurological disorders. Despite the causal relationship not being entirely known, it has been suggested that multiorgan inflammatory response involving the autonomic nervous system and the spleen-gut brain axis dysfunction exacerbate the TBI pathogenesis in the brain. Thus, applying new therapeutic tools, such as physical exercise, have been described in the literature to act on the immune modulation induced by brain injuries. However, there are caveats to consider when interpreting the effects of physical exercise on this neurological injury. Given the above, this review will highlight the main findings of the literature involving peripheral immune responses in TBI-induced neurological damage and how changes in the cellular metabolism of the spleen-gut brain axis elicited by different protocols of physical exercise alter the pathophysiology induced by this neurological injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Buchmann Godinho
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando da Silva Fiorin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neuroengenharia, Instituto Internacional de Neurociências Edmond e Lily Safra, Instituto Santos Dumont, Macaíba, RN, Brazil
| | - Mauro Schneider Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Flavia Furian
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Clínica Médica e Pediatria, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Interactions between the microbiota and enteric nervous system during gut-brain disorders. Neuropharmacology 2021; 197:108721. [PMID: 34274348 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For the last 20 years, researchers have focused their intention on the impact of gut microbiota in healthy and pathological conditions. This year (2021), more than 25,000 articles can be retrieved from PubMed with the keywords "gut microbiota and physiology", showing the constant progress and impact of gut microbes in scientific life. As a result, numerous therapeutic perspectives have been proposed to modulate the gut microbiota composition and/or bioactive factors released from microbes to restore our body functions. Currently, the gut is considered a primary site for the development of pathologies that modify brain functions such as neurodegenerative (Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, etc.) and metabolic (type 2 diabetes, obesity, etc.) disorders. Deciphering the mode of interaction between microbiota and the brain is a real original option to prevent (and maybe treat in the future) the establishment of gut-brain pathologies. The objective of this review is to describe recent scientific elements that explore the communication between gut microbiota and the brain by focusing our interest on the enteric nervous system (ENS) as an intermediate partner. The ENS, which is known as the "second brain", could be under the direct or indirect influence of the gut microbiota and its released factors (short-chain fatty acids, neurotransmitters, gaseous factors, etc.). Thus, in addition to their actions on tissue (adipose tissue, liver, brain, etc.), microbes can have an impact on local ENS activity. This potential modification of ENS function has global repercussions in the whole body via the gut-brain axis and represents a new therapeutic strategy.
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PTEN in prefrontal cortex is essential in regulating depression-like behaviors in mice. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:185. [PMID: 33771972 PMCID: PMC7998021 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is an environmental risk factor for depression and causes neuronal atrophy in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and other brain regions. It is still unclear about the molecular mechanism underlying the behavioral alterations and neuronal atrophy induced by chronic stress. We here report that phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is a mediator for chronic stress-induced depression-like behaviors and neuronal atrophy in mice. One-month chronic restraint stress (CRS) up-regulated PTEN signaling pathway in the PFC of mice as indicated by increasing levels of PTEN, p-MEK, and p-ERK but decreasing levels of p-AKT. Over-expression of Pten in the PFC led to an increase of depression-like behaviors, whereas genetic inactivation or knockdown of Pten in the PFC prevented the CRS-induced depression-like behaviors. In addition, systemic administration of PTEN inhibitor was also able to prevent these behaviors. Cellular examination showed that Pten over-expression or the CRS treatment resulted in PFC neuron atrophy, and this atrophy was blocked by genetic inactivation of Pten or systemic administration of PTEN inhibitor. Furthermore, possible causal link between Pten and glucocorticoids was examined. In chronic dexamethasone (Dex, a glucocorticoid agonist) treatment-induced depression model, increased PTEN levels were observed, and depression-like behaviors and PFC neuron atrophy were attenuated by the administration of PTEN inhibitor. Our results indicate that PTEN serves as a key mediator in chronic stress-induced neuron atrophy as well as depression-like behaviors, providing molecular evidence supporting the synaptic plasticity theory of depression.
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Microbiotal characteristics colonized in intestinal mucosa of mice with diarrhoea and repeated stress. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:372. [PMID: 32832332 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the role of intestinal mucosal microbiota on mental stress-related diarrhoea, we collected the intestinal mucosa of mice treated with Folium senna extract gavage combined with restraint and tail pinch stress for 7 days; and intestinal mucosal microbiota characteristics were analyzed by 16S rRNA Pacbio SMRT gene full-length sequencing. The results showed that the diversity (i.e., alpha diversity including the Chao1, Simpson, ACE, and Shannon indices and beta diversity including the NMDS of weighted UniFrac distances) and composition of the microbial community in the intestinal mucosa of mice with diarrhoea and repeated stress changed significantly (P < 0.05). In the co-occurrence network, Staphylococcus sciuri and Escherichia fergusonii was identified as putative keystone species. Moreover, the characteristics of the intestinal microbial species was analyzed by LEfSe, Metastats, and group difference, and ten altered gut microbiota species can be used as characteristic microbes in the mice with diarrhoea and repeated stress: the abundances of Stigmatella aurantiaca, Candidatus arthromitus sp. SFB-mouse, Erythrobacter gaetbuli, Desulfitobacterium hafniense, Ochrobactrum pituitosum, and Candidatus arthromitus sp. SFB-mouse-NL in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05); whereas Microbacterium dextranolyticum, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia sp. BBDP27, and Streptococcus danieliae were enriched in the control group (P < 0.05). Collectively, mental stress-related diarrhoea increased the intestinal microbiota diversity. The species associated with mental stress-related diarrhoea including Microbacterium dextranolyticum, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia sp. BBDP27, and Streptococcus danieliae were significantly enriched; while the species which are beneficial to mental stress-related diarrhoea are Stigmatella aurantiaca, Candidatus arthromitus sp. SFB-mouse, Erythrobacter gaetbuli, Desulfitobacterium hafniense, Ochrobactrum pituitosum, and Candidatus arthromitus sp. SFB-mouse-NL for its significantly depleted.
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