1
|
Zhao Q, Ye Z, Deng Y, Chen J, Chen J, Liu D, Ye X, Huan C. An advance in novel intelligent sensory technologies: From an implicit-tracking perspective of food perception. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13327. [PMID: 38517017 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Food sensory evaluation mainly includes explicit and implicit measurement methods. Implicit measures of consumer perception are gaining significant attention in food sensory and consumer science as they provide effective, subconscious, objective analysis. A wide range of advanced technologies are now available for analyzing physiological and psychological responses, including facial analysis technology, neuroimaging technology, autonomic nervous system technology, and behavioral pattern measurement. However, researchers in the food field often lack systematic knowledge of these multidisciplinary technologies and struggle with interpreting their results. In order to bridge this gap, this review systematically describes the principles and highlights the applications in food sensory and consumer science of facial analysis technologies such as eye tracking, facial electromyography, and automatic facial expression analysis, as well as neuroimaging technologies like electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, we critically compare and discuss these advanced implicit techniques in the context of food sensory research and then accordingly propose prospects. Ultimately, we conclude that implicit measures should be complemented by traditional explicit measures to capture responses beyond preference. Facial analysis technologies offer a more objective reflection of sensory perception and attitudes toward food, whereas neuroimaging techniques provide valuable insight into the implicit physiological responses during food consumption. To enhance the interpretability and generalizability of implicit measurement results, further sensory studies are needed. Looking ahead, the combination of different methodological techniques in real-life situations holds promise for consumer sensory science in the field of food research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhiyue Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yong Deng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jin Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianle Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, China
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, China
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, China
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Cheng Huan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing, China
- Zhongyuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhengzhou, China
- Ningbo Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Moore H, White MJ, Finlayson G, King N. Can smartphone-based response inhibition training elicit sustained changes in appetite, preference, and cravings for energy-dense foods? A free-living randomized controlled trial. Br J Health Psychol 2024; 29:165-184. [PMID: 37704590 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food-specific response inhibition training has been implemented as a strategy to modify food choices and reward-related eating behaviours, but short-term studies have produced equivocal findings. OBJECTIVE To longitudinally assess the effect of a smartphone-based response inhibition intervention on food reward, hedonic eating drive, and cravings in a free-living setting. METHODS 84 adults (Mage = 30.49, SDage = 13.01, 52 female) with high responsivity to food cues or overweight/obesity were randomly assigned to a response inhibition training intervention (n = 45) or a control game (n = 39) at home during a training week, followed by a week with no training. Primary analyses compared groups on measures of explicit liking and implicit wanting for food of different energy densities, food cravings, and reward-related eating throughout this two-week period. RESULTS A reduction was observed in explicit liking and implicit wanting for energy-dense foods from baseline to post-training independent of condition (ps < .001). These changes from baseline were sustained after a 1-week latency period, also independent of condition (ps < .001). These effects coincided with similar observations of hedonic eating drive, tonic cravings, and control over cravings during the observation period (ps < .01). CONCLUSIONS Although significant reductions in reward-related appetite were observed, free-living response inhibition training did not offer additional benefit over a control activity. Future intervention studies with observable food intake are needed to investigate which appetitive mechanisms most reliably predict eating behaviour over time. TRIAL REGISTRATION Retrospectively registered with ANZCTR [ACTRN12622001502729].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Halim Moore
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melanie J White
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Psychology and Counselling, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Neil King
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alabdulkader S, Al-Alsheikh AS, Miras AD, Goldstone AP. Obesity surgery and neural correlates of human eating behaviour: A systematic review of functional MRI studies. Neuroimage Clin 2024; 41:103563. [PMID: 38237270 PMCID: PMC10828606 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2024.103563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Changes in eating behaviour including reductions in appetite and food intake, and healthier food cue reactivity, reward, hedonics and potentially also preference, contribute to weight loss and its health benefits after obesity surgery. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been increasingly used to interrogate the neural correlates of eating behaviour in obesity, including brain reward-cognitive systems, changes after obesity surgery, and links with alterations in the gut-hormone-brain axis. Neural responses to food cues can be measured by changes in blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal in brain regions involved in reward processing, including caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens, insula, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, and top-down inhibitory control, including dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). This systematic review aimed to examine: (i) results of human fMRI studies involving obesity surgery, (ii) important methodological differences in study design across studies, and (iii) correlations and associations of fMRI findings with clinical outcomes, other eating behaviour measures and mechanistic measures. Of 741 articles identified, 23 were eligible for inclusion: 16 (69.6%) longitudinal, two (8.7%) predictive, and five (21.7%) cross-sectional studies. Seventeen studies (77.3%) included patients having Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, six (26.1%) vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), and five (21.7%) laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). The majority of studies (86.0%) were identified as having a very low risk of bias, though only six (27.3%) were controlled interventional studies, with none including randomisation to surgical and control interventions. The remaining studies (14.0%) had a low risk of bias driven by their control groups not having an active treatment. After RYGB surgery, food cue reactivity often decreased or was unchanged in brain reward systems, and there were inconsistent findings as to whether reductions in food cue reactivity was greater for high-energy than low-energy foods. There was minimal evidence from studies of VSG and LAGB surgeries for changes in food cue reactivity in brain reward systems, though effects of VSG surgery on food cue reactivity in the dlPFC were more consistently found. There was consistent evidence for post-operative increases in satiety gut hormones glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) mediating reduced food cue reactivity after RYGB surgery, including two interventional studies. Methodological heterogeneity across studies, including nutritional state, nature of food cues, post-operative timing, lack of control groups for order effects and weight loss or dietary/psychological advice, and often small sample sizes, limited the conclusions that could be drawn, especially for correlational analyses with clinical outcomes, other eating behaviour measures and potential mediators. This systematic review provides a detailed data resource for those performing or analysing fMRI studies of obesity surgery and makes suggestions to help improve reporting and design of such studies, as well as future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahd Alabdulkader
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Alhanouf S Al-Alsheikh
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK; Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Alexander D Miras
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK; Ulster University, School of Medicine, Faculty of Life & Health Sciences, Londonderry, Northern Ireland BT48 7JL, UK.
| | - Anthony P Goldstone
- PsychoNeuroEndocrinology Research Group, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou J, Wu X, Xiang T, Liu F, Gao H, Tong L, Yan B, Li Z, Zhang C, Wang L, Ou L, Li Z, Wang W, Yang T, Li F, Ma H, Zhao X, Mi N, Yu Z, Lan C, Wang Q, Li H, Wang L, Wang X, Li Y, Zeng Q. Dynamical alterations of brain function and gut microbiome in weight loss. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1269548. [PMID: 38173792 PMCID: PMC10761423 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1269548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Intermittent energy restriction (IER) is an effective weight loss strategy. However, little is known about the dynamic effects of IER on the brain-gut-microbiome axis. Methods In this study, a total of 25 obese individuals successfully lost weight after a 2-month IER intervention. FMRI was used to determine the activity of brain regions. Metagenomic sequencing was performed to identify differentially abundant gut microbes and pathways in from fecal samples. Results Our results showed that IER longitudinally reduced the activity of obese-related brain regions at different timepoints, including the inferior frontal orbital gyrus in the cognitive control circuit, the putamen in the emotion and learning circuit, and the anterior cingulate cortex in the sensory circuit. IER longitudinally reduced E. coli abundance across multiple timepoints while elevating the abundance of obesity-related Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Parabacteroides distasonis, and Bacterokles uniformis. Correlation analysis revealed longitudinally correlations between gut bacteria abundance alterations and brain activity changes. Conclusions There was dynamical alteration of BGM axis (the communication of E. coli with specific brain regions) during the weight loss under the IER.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Henan Provincial Research Center of Clinical Medicine of Nephropathy, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Health Management, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tianyuan Xiang
- Health Management Institute, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li Tong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhonglin Li
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Linyuan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lei Ou
- Health Management Institute, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongxia Li
- BYHEALTH Institute of Nutrition & Health, BYHEALTH Co. Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fengyun Li
- Department of Health Management, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Department of Health Management, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhao
- Department of Health Management, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Na Mi
- Department of Health Management, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ziya Yu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Canhui Lan
- Beijing Rexinchang Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Health Management, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liming Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- The Institute of Geriatrics, The State Clinic Center for Geriatrics & The State Key Laboratory of Kidney, The People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongli Li
- Department of Health Management, Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Management, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Health Management Institute, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hayashi D, Edwards C, Emond JA, Gilbert-Diamond D, Butt M, Rigby A, Masterson TD. What Is Food Noise? A Conceptual Model of Food Cue Reactivity. Nutrients 2023; 15:4809. [PMID: 38004203 PMCID: PMC10674813 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
As GLP-1 receptor agonists, like semaglutide, emerge as effective treatments for weight management, anecdotal reports from patients and clinicians alike point to a reduction in what has been colloquially termed "food noise", as patients report experiencing less rumination and obsessive preoccupation about food. In this narrative review, we discuss concepts used in studies to investigate human eating behavior that can help elucidate and define food noise, particularly food cue reactivity. We propose a conceptual model that summarizes the main factors that have been shown to determine the magnitude of the reactivity elicited by external and internal food cues and how these factors can affect short- and long-term behavioral and clinical outcomes. By integrating key research conducted in this field, the Cue-Influencer-Reactivity-Outcome (CIRO) model of food cue reactivity provides a framework that can be used in future research to design studies and interpret findings related to food noise and food cue reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Hayashi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA (T.D.M.)
| | - Caitlyn Edwards
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA (T.D.M.)
| | - Jennifer A. Emond
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Diane Gilbert-Diamond
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Melissa Butt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Andrea Rigby
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Penn State Health, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Travis D. Masterson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16801, USA (T.D.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Janssen LK, Duif I, Speckens AEM, van Loon I, Wegman J, de Vries JHM, Cools R, Aarts E. The effects of an 8-week mindful eating intervention on anticipatory reward responses in striatum and midbrain. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1115727. [PMID: 37637944 PMCID: PMC10457123 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1115727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Accumulating evidence suggests that increased neural responses during the anticipation of high-calorie food play an important role in the tendency to overeat. A promising method for counteracting enhanced food anticipation in overeating might be mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs). However, the neural mechanisms by which MBIs can affect food reward anticipation are unclear. In this randomized, actively controlled study, the primary objective was to investigate the effect of an 8-week mindful eating intervention on reward anticipation. We hypothesized that mindful eating would decrease striatal reward anticipation responses. Additionally, responses in the midbrain-from which the reward pathways originate-were explored. Methods Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we tested 58 healthy participants with a wide body mass index range (BMI: 19-35 kg/m2), motivated to change their eating behavior. During scanning they performed an incentive delay task, measuring neural reward anticipation responses to caloric and monetary cues before and after 8 weeks of mindful eating or educational cooking (active control). Results Compared with the educational cooking intervention, mindful eating affected neural reward anticipation responses, with reduced caloric relative to monetary reward responses. This effect was, however, not seen in the striatum, but only in the midbrain. The secondary objective was to assess temporary and long-lasting (1 year follow-up) intervention effects on self-reported eating behavior and anthropometric measures [BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip-ratio (WHR)]. We did not observe effects of the mindful eating intervention on eating behavior. Instead, the control intervention showed temporary beneficial effects on BMI, waist circumference, and diet quality, but not on WHR or self-reported eating behavior, as well as long-lasting increases in knowledge about healthy eating. Discussion These results suggest that an 8-week mindful eating intervention may have decreased the relative salience of food cues by affecting midbrain but not striatal reward responses, without necessarily affecting regular eating behavior. However, these exploratory results should be verified in confirmatory research.The primary and secondary objectives of the study were registered in the Dutch Trial Register (NTR): NL4923 (NTR5025).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lieneke K. Janssen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Iris Duif
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Anne E. M. Speckens
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ilke van Loon
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Joost Wegman
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jeanne H. M. de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Roshan Cools
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Esther Aarts
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Z, Wu X, Gao H, Xiang T, Zhou J, Zou Z, Tong L, Yan B, Zhang C, Wang L, Wang W, Yang T, Li F, Ma H, Zhao X, Mi N, Yu Z, Li H, Zeng Q, Li Y. Intermittent energy restriction changes the regional homogeneity of the obese human brain. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1201169. [PMID: 37600013 PMCID: PMC10434787 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1201169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intermittent energy restriction (IER) is an effective weight loss strategy. However, the accompanying changes in spontaneous neural activity are unclear, and the relationship among anthropometric measurements, biochemical indicators, and adipokines remains ambiguous. Methods Thirty-five obese adults were recruited and received a 2-month IER intervention. Data were collected from anthropometric measurements, blood samples, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging at four time points. The regional homogeneity (ReHo) method was used to explore the effects of the IER intervention. The relationships between the ReHo values of altered brain regions and changes in anthropometric measurements, biochemical indicators, and adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) were analyzed. Results Results showed that IER significantly improved anthropometric measurements, biochemical indicators, and adipokine levels in the successful weight loss group. The IER intervention for weight loss was associated with a significant increase in ReHo in the bilateral lingual gyrus, left calcarine, and left postcentral gyrus and a significant decrease in the right middle temporal gyrus and right cerebellum (VIII). Follow-up analyses showed that the increase in ReHo values in the right LG had a significant positive correlation with a reduction in Three-factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ)-disinhibition and a significant negative correlation with an increase in TFEQ-cognitive control. Furthermore, the increase in ReHo values in the left calcarine had a significant positive correlation with the reduction in TFEQ-disinhibition. However, no significant difference in ReHo was observed in the failed weight loss group. Conclusion Our study provides objective evidence that the IER intervention reshaped the ReHo of some brain regions in obese individuals, accompanied with improved anthropometric measurements, biochemical indicators, and adipokines. These results illustrated that the IER intervention for weight loss may act by decreasing the motivational drive to eat, reducing reward responses to food cues, and repairing damaged food-related self-control processes. These findings enhance our understanding of the neurobiological basis of IER for weight loss in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglin Li
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tianyuan Xiang
- Health Mangement Institute, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi Zou
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Tong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Linyuan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fengyun Li
- Department of Health Management, Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Management, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huimin Ma
- Department of Health Management, Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Management, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhao
- Department of Health Management, Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Management, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Na Mi
- Department of Health Management, Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Management, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziya Yu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Imaging and Intelligent Processing, PLA Strategic Support Force Information Engineering University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Oral Health Management, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Health Mangement Institute, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongli Li
- Department of Health Management, Henan Key Laboratory of Chronic Disease Management, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Szmygin H, Szmygin M, Cheda M, Kłobuszewski B, Drelich-Zbroja A, Matyjaszek-Matuszek B. Current Insights into the Potential Role of fMRI in Discovering the Mechanisms Underlying Obesity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4379. [PMID: 37445414 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is becoming one of the major global health concerns. This chronic disease affects around 650 million people worldwide and is an underlying cause of a number of significant comorbidities. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) report on obesity from 2022, this disorder became the fourth leading cause of deaths in Europe. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying obesity is of essential importance to successfully prevent and treat this disease. The aim of this study was to review the current insights into the potential role of fMRI in discovering the mechanisms underlying obesity on the basis of recent scientific literature published up to December 2022 and searches of the PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases. The literature assessed indicated that a growing body of evidence suggests that obesity leads to changes in both structure and connectivity within the central nervous system. Emerging data from recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies prove that obese individuals present an increased motivational drive to eat as well as impaired processing in reward- and control-related brain regions. Apart from this, it is clear that fMRI might be a useful tool in detection of obesity-induced changes within the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Szmygin
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maciej Szmygin
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Cheda
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kłobuszewski
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Drelich-Zbroja
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Beata Matyjaszek-Matuszek
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li G, Hu Y, Zhang W, Wang J, Ji W, Manza P, Volkow ND, Zhang Y, Wang GJ. Brain functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging of obesity and weight loss interventions. Mol Psychiatry 2023. [PMID: 36918706 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02025-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has tripled over the past 40 years to become a major public health issue, as it is linked with increased mortality and elevated risk for various physical and neuropsychiatric illnesses. Accumulating evidence from neuroimaging studies suggests that obesity negatively affects brain function and structure, especially within fronto-mesolimbic circuitry. Obese individuals show abnormal neural responses to food cues, taste and smell, resting-state activity and functional connectivity, and cognitive tasks including decision-making, inhibitory-control, learning/memory, and attention. In addition, obesity is associated with altered cortical morphometry, a lowered gray/white matter volume, and impaired white matter integrity. Various interventions and treatments including bariatric surgery, the most effective treatment for obesity in clinical practice, as well as dietary, exercise, pharmacological, and neuromodulation interventions such as transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation and neurofeedback have been employed and achieved promising outcomes. These interventions and treatments appear to normalize hyper- and hypoactivations of brain regions involved with reward processing, food-intake control, and cognitive function, and also promote recovery of brain structural abnormalities. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review of the recent neuroimaging advances on the underlying neural mechanisms of both obesity and interventions, in the hope of guiding development of novel and effective treatments.
Collapse
|
10
|
Poghosyan V, Ioannou S, Al-Amri KM, Al-Mashhadi SA, Al-Mohammed F, Al-Otaibi T, Al-Saeed W. Spatiotemporal profile of altered neural reactivity to food images in obesity: Reward system is altered automatically and predicts efficacy of weight loss intervention. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:948063. [PMID: 36845430 PMCID: PMC9944082 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.948063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity presents a significant public health problem. Brain plays a central role in etiology and maintenance of obesity. Prior neuroimaging studies have found that individuals with obesity exhibit altered neural responses to images of food within the brain reward system and related brain networks. However, little is known about the dynamics of these neural responses or their relationship to later weight change. In particular, it is unknown if in obesity, the altered reward response to food images emerges early and automatically, or later, in the controlled stage of processing. It also remains unclear if the pretreatment reward system reactivity to food images is predictive of subsequent weight loss intervention outcome. Methods In this study, we presented high-calorie and low-calorie food, and nonfood images to individuals with obesity, who were then prescribed lifestyle changes, and matched normal-weight controls, and examined neural reactivity using magnetoencephalography (MEG). We performed whole-brain analysis to explore and characterize large-scale dynamics of brain systems affected in obesity, and tested two specific hypotheses: (1) in obese individuals, the altered reward system reactivity to food images occurs early and automatically, and (2) pretreatment reward system reactivity predicts the outcome of lifestyle weight loss intervention, with reduced activity associated with successful weight loss. Results We identified a distributed set of brain regions and their precise temporal dynamics that showed altered response patterns in obesity. Specifically, we found reduced neural reactivity to food images in brain networks of reward and cognitive control, and elevated reactivity in regions of attentional control and visual processing. The hypoactivity in reward system emerged early, in the automatic stage of processing (< 150 ms post-stimulus). Reduced reward and attention responsivity, and elevated neural cognitive control were predictive of weight loss after six months in treatment. Discussion In summary, we have identified, for the first time with high temporal resolution, the large-scale dynamics of brain reactivity to food images in obese versus normal-weight individuals, and have confirmed both our hypotheses. These findings have important implications for our understanding of neurocognition and eating behavior in obesity, and can facilitate development of novel integrated treatment strategies, including tailored cognitive-behavioral and pharmacological therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahe Poghosyan
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Vahe Poghosyan,
| | - Stephanos Ioannou
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M. Al-Amri
- Obesity, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sufana A. Al-Mashhadi
- Research Unit, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fedaa Al-Mohammed
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Al-Otaibi
- Department of Neurophysiology, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wjoud Al-Saeed
- Research Unit, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ghobadi-Azbari P, Mahdavifar Khayati R, Ekhtiari H. Habituation or sensitization of brain response to food cues: Temporal dynamic analysis in an functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1076711. [PMID: 36875231 PMCID: PMC9983367 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1076711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the modern obesogenic environment, heightened reactivity to food-associated cues plays a major role in overconsumption by evoking appetitive responses. Accordingly, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have implicated regions of the salience and rewards processing in this dysfunctional food cue-reactivity, but the temporal dynamics of brain activation (sensitization or habituation over time) remain poorly understood. Methods Forty-nine obese or overweight adults were scanned in a single fMRI session to examine brain activation during the performance of a food cue-reactivity task. A general linear model (GLM) was used to validate the activation pattern of food cue reactivity in food > neutral contrast. The linear mixed effect models were used to examine the effect of time on the neuronal response during the paradigm of food cue reactivity. Neuro-behavioral relationships were investigated with Pearson's correlation tests and group factor analysis (GFA). Results A linear mixed-effect model revealed a trend for the time-by-condition interactions in the left medial amygdala [t(289) = 2.21, β = 0.1, P = 0.028], right lateral amygdala [t(289) = 2.01, β = 0.26, P = 0.045], right nucleus accumbens (NAc) [t(289) = 2.81, β = 0.13, P = 0.005] and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) [t(289) = 2.58, β = 0.14, P = 0.01], as well as in the left superior temporal cortex [42 Area: t(289) = 2.53, β = 0.15, P = 0.012; TE1.0_TE1.2 Area: t(289) = 3.13, β = 0.27, P = 0.002]. Habituation of blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signal during exposure to food vs. neutral stimuli was evident in these regions. We have not found any area in the brain with significant increased response to food-related cues over time (sensitization). Our results elucidate the temporal dynamics of cue-reactivity in overweight and obese individuals with food-induced craving. Both subcortical areas involved in reward processing and cortical areas involved in inhibitory processing are getting habituated over time in response to food vs. neutral cues. There were significant bivariate correlations between self-report behavioral/psychological measures with individual habituation slopes for the regions with dynamic activity, but no robust cross-unit latent factors were identified between the behavioral, demographic, and self-report psychological groups. Discussion This work provides novel insights into dynamic neural circuit mechanisms supporting food cue reactivity, thereby suggesting pathways in biomarker development and cue-desensitization interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hamed Ekhtiari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lopez RB, Cruz-vespa I. The brain bases of regulation of eating behaviors: the role of reward, executive control, and valuation processes, and new paths to propel the field forward. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2022; 48:101214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2022.101214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
13
|
Kullmann S, Veit R, Crabtree DR, Buosi W, Androutsos O, Johnstone AM, Manios Y, Preissl H, Smeets PAM. The effect of hunger state on hypothalamic functional connectivity in response to food cues. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:418-428. [PMID: 36056618 PMCID: PMC9842901 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The neural underpinnings of the integration of internal and external cues that reflect nutritional status are poorly understood in humans. The hypothalamus is a key integrative area involved in short- and long-term energy intake regulation. Hence, we examined the effect of hunger state on the hypothalamus network using functional magnetic resonance imaging. In a multicenter study, participants performed a food cue viewing task either fasted or sated on two separate days. We evaluated hypothalamic functional connectivity (FC) using psychophysiological interactions during high versus low caloric food cue viewing in 107 adults (divided into four groups based on age and body mass index [BMI]; age range 24-76 years; BMI range 19.5-41.5 kg/m2 ). In the sated compared to the fasted condition, the hypothalamus showed significantly higher FC with the bilateral caudate, the left insula and parts of the left inferior frontal cortex. Interestingly, we observed a significant interaction between hunger state and BMI group in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Participants with normal weight compared to overweight and obesity showed higher FC between the hypothalamus and DLPFC in the fasted condition. The current study showed that task-based FC of the hypothalamus can be modulated by internal (hunger state) and external cues (i.e., food cues with varying caloric content) with a general enhanced communication in the sated state and obesity-associated differences in hypothalamus to DLPFC communication. This could potentially promote overeating in persons with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kullmann
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of TübingenGerman Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)TübingenGermany,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetology, Endocrinology and NephrologyEberhard Karls University TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Ralf Veit
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of TübingenGerman Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)TübingenGermany
| | - Daniel R. Crabtree
- The Rowett InstituteUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenScotland,Division of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Health ScienceUniversity of the Highlands and IslandsInvernessUK
| | - William Buosi
- The Rowett InstituteUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenScotland
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and DieteticsUniversity of ThessalyVolosGreece
| | | | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition‐Dietetics, School of Health Science and EducationHarokopio UniversityAthensGreece
| | - Hubert Preissl
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of TübingenGerman Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)TübingenGermany,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetology, Endocrinology and NephrologyEberhard Karls University TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Paul A. M. Smeets
- Division of Human Nutrition and HealthWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands,Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain CenterUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide disease associated with multiple severe adverse consequences and comorbid conditions. While an increased body weight is the defining feature in obesity, etiologies, clinical phenotypes and treatment responses vary between patients. These variations can be observed within individual treatment options which comprise lifestyle interventions, pharmacological treatment, and bariatric surgery. Bariatric surgery can be regarded as the most effective treatment method. However, long-term weight regain is comparably frequent even for this treatment and its application is not without risk. A prognostic tool that would help predict the effectivity of the individual treatment methods in the long term would be essential in a personalized medicine approach. In line with this objective, an increasing number of studies have combined neuroimaging and computational modeling to predict treatment outcome in obesity. In our review, we begin by outlining the central nervous mechanisms measured with neuroimaging in these studies. The mechanisms are primarily related to reward-processing and include "incentive salience" and psychobehavioral control. We then present the diverse neuroimaging methods and computational prediction techniques applied. The studies included in this review provide consistent support for the importance of incentive salience and psychobehavioral control for treatment outcome in obesity. Nevertheless, further studies comprising larger sample sizes and rigorous validation processes are necessary to answer the question of whether or not the approach is sufficiently accurate for clinical real-world application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Kozarzewski
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Maurer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Mähler
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), 13125, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charité Center for Cardiovascular Research, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Weygandt
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kung PH, Soriano-Mas C, Steward T. The influence of the subcortex and brain stem on overeating: How advances in functional neuroimaging can be applied to expand neurobiological models to beyond the cortex. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:719-731. [PMID: 35380355 PMCID: PMC9307542 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09720-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging has become a widely used tool in obesity and eating disorder research to explore the alterations in neurobiology that underlie overeating and binge eating behaviors. Current and traditional neurobiological models underscore the importance of impairments in brain systems supporting reward, cognitive control, attention, and emotion regulation as primary drivers for overeating. Due to the technical limitations of standard field strength functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanners, human neuroimaging research to date has focused largely on cortical and basal ganglia effects on appetitive behaviors. The present review draws on animal and human research to highlight how neural signaling encoding energy regulation, reward-learning, and habit formation converge on hypothalamic, brainstem, thalamic, and striatal regions to contribute to overeating in humans. We also consider the role of regions such as the mediodorsal thalamus, ventral striatum, lateral hypothalamus and locus coeruleus in supporting habit formation, inhibitory control of food craving, and attentional biases. Through these discussions, we present proposals on how the neurobiology underlying these processes could be examined using functional neuroimaging and highlight how ultra-high field 7-Tesla (7 T) fMRI may be leveraged to elucidate the potential functional alterations in subcortical networks. Focus is given to how interactions of these regions with peripheral endocannabinoids and neuropeptides, such as orexin, could be explored. Technical and methodological aspects regarding the use of ultra-high field 7 T fMRI to study eating behaviors are also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Kung
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carles Soriano-Mas
- Psychiatry and Mental Health Group, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Neuroscience Program, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- CIBERSAM, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Trevor Steward
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wagner L, Veit R, Fritsche L, Häring HU, Fritsche A, Birkenfeld AL, Heni M, Preissl H, Kullmann S. Sex differences in central insulin action: Effect of intranasal insulin on neural food cue reactivity in adults with normal weight and overweight. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1662-1670. [PMID: 35715625 PMCID: PMC9395264 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background/Objectives Central insulin action influences cognitive processes, peripheral metabolism, and eating behavior. However, the contribution of obesity and sex on central insulin-mediated neural food cue processing still remains unclear. Subjects/Methods In a randomized within-participant design, including two visits, 60 participants (30 women, BMI 18–32 kg/m2, age 21–69 years) underwent a functional MRI task measuring blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in response to visual food cues after intranasal insulin or placebo spray administration. Central insulin action was defined as the neural BOLD response to food cues after insulin compared to placebo administration. Afterwards, participants were asked to rate the food cues for desire to eat (i.e., wanting rating). For statistical analyses, participants were grouped according to BMI and sex. Results Food cue reactivity in the amygdala showed higher BOLD activation in response to central insulin compared to placebo. Furthermore, women with overweight and obesity and men of normal weight showed higher BOLD neural food cue responsivity to central insulin compared to placebo. Higher central insulin action in the insular cortex was associated with better peripheral insulin sensitivity and higher cognitive control. Moreover, central insulin action in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) revealed significant sex differences. In response to central insulin compared to placebo, men showed lower DLPFC BOLD activity, whereas women showed higher DLPFC activity in response to highly desired food cues. On behavioral level, central insulin action significantly reduced hunger, whereas the desire to eat, especially for low caloric food cues was significantly higher with central insulin than with placebo. Conclusions Obesity and sex influenced the central insulin-mediated neural BOLD activity to visual food cues in brain regions implicated in reward and cognitive control. These findings show that central insulin action regulates food response differentially in men and women, which may have consequences for metabolism and eating behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lore Wagner
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. .,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Ralf Veit
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Louise Fritsche
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Fritsche
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Nutritional and Preventive Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas L Birkenfeld
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Heni
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hubert Preissl
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Kullmann
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nephrology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yang Y, Wu Q, Morys F. Brain Responses to High-Calorie Visual Food Cues in Individuals with Normal-Weight or Obesity: An Activation Likelihood Estimation Meta-Analysis. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11121587. [PMID: 34942889 PMCID: PMC8699077 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11121587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Overconsumption of high-calorie or unhealthy foods commonly leads to weight gain. Understanding people’s neural responses to high-calorie food cues might help to develop better interventions for preventing or reducing overeating and weight gain. In this review, we conducted a coordinate-based meta-analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of viewing high-calorie food cues in both normal-weight people and people with obesity. Electronic databases were searched for relevant articles, retrieving 59 eligible studies containing 2410 unique participants. The results of an activation likelihood estimation indicate large clusters in a range of structures, including the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), amygdala, insula/frontal operculum, culmen, as well as the middle occipital gyrus, lingual gyrus, and fusiform gyrus. Conjunction analysis suggested that both normal-weight people and people with obesity activated OFC, supporting that the two groups share common neural substrates of reward processing when viewing high-calorie food cues. The contrast analyses did not show significant activations when comparing obesity with normal-weight. Together, these results provide new important evidence for the neural mechanism underlying high-calorie food cues processing, and new insights into common and distinct brain activations of viewing high-calorie food cues between people with obesity and normal-weight people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingkai Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Street, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13164407461
| | - Qian Wu
- The Lab of Mental Health and Social Adaptation, Faculty of Psychology, Research Center of Mental Health Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
| | - Filip Morys
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Weight regain following weight loss is frequent problem that people with obesity face. This weight recidivism is often attributed to the lack of compliance with appropriate food habits and exercise. On the contrary, it is known that body weight and fat mass are regulated by numerous physiological mechanisms, far beyond voluntary food intake and physical exercise. Thus, the aim of this paper is to review the main peripheral and central mechanisms involved in weight regain. Gut hormone secretion profiles impact upon predisposition to weight regain according to an individual variability, although it is recognised a usual pattern of compensatory changes: a reduction in anorectic hormones secretion and an increase in orexigenic hormone. These changes lead to both increased appetite and reward value of food leading to increased energye intake. In addition, resting energy expenditure after weight loss is lower than expected according to body composition changes. This gap between observed and predicted energy expenditure following weight loss is named metabolic adaptation, which has been suggested to explain partly weight regain. This complicated scenario, beyond patient motivation, makes weight regain a challenge in long-term management interventions in patients with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Busetto
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Bettini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Janine Makaronidis
- Centre for Obesity Research, Division of Medicine, Rayne Building, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom; Bariatric Centre for Weight Managemetn and Metabolic Surgery, University College London Hospital (UCLH), London, United Kingdom; National Institute of Health Research, UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carl A Roberts
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jason C G Halford
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom; School of Psychology, University of Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel L Batterham
- Centre for Obesity Research, Division of Medicine, Rayne Building, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom; Bariatric Centre for Weight Managemetn and Metabolic Surgery, University College London Hospital (UCLH), London, United Kingdom; National Institute of Health Research, UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Iceta S, Panahi S, García-García I, Michaud A. The Impact of Restrictive and Non-restrictive Dietary Weight Loss Interventions on Neurobehavioral Factors Related to Body Weight Control: the Gaps and Challenges. Curr Obes Rep 2021; 10:385-395. [PMID: 34318394 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-021-00452-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Restrictive diets, such as low-calorie diets, are difficult to maintain in the long term. For this reason, their popularity has decreased compared to non-restrictive approaches, which instead promote healthy eating strategies. Since both strategies may entail different neurobiological mechanisms, this review will examine the current evidence on the effects of restrictive and non-restrictive interventions on neurobehavioral factors. RECENT FINDINGS Restrictive diets appear to improve eating behaviors, and the evidence reviewed argues against the notion that they may worsen the severity of binge eating. Moreover, they may lead to short-term changes in brain structure and improvements in cerebrovascular markers which, in turn, could impact eating behaviors. Non-restrictive interventions may have a positive effect on weight management and eating behaviors. However, evidence of their neural effects is scarce. Small sample sizes, short follow-ups, and the absence of control groups are limitations of the studies targeting both interventions. Rigorous long-term randomized studies are needed to examine the neurobehavioral effects of restrictive and non-restrictive approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Iceta
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC, G1V OA6, Canada
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V OA6, Canada
| | - Shirin Panahi
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC, G1V OA6, Canada
- Faculty of Educational Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V OA6, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V OA6, Canada
| | - Isabel García-García
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andréanne Michaud
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Québec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada.
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, QC, G1V OA6, Canada.
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V OA6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhao J, Manza P, Gu J, Song H, Zhuang P, Shi F, Dong Z, Lu C, Wang GJ, He D. Contrasting dorsal caudate functional connectivity patterns between frontal and temporal cortex with BMI increase: link to cognitive flexibility. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:2608-2616. [PMID: 34433905 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00929-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with brain intrinsic functional reorganization. However, little is known about the BMI-related interhemispheric functional connectivity (IHFC) alterations, and their link with executive function in young healthy adults. METHODS We examined voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) patterns in 417 young adults from the Human Connectome Project. Brain regions with significant association between BMI and VMHC were identified using multiple linear regression. Results from these analyses were then used to determine regions for seed-voxel FC analysis, and multiple linear regression was used to explore the brain regions showing significant association between BMI and FC. The correlations between BMI-related executive function measurements and VMHC, as well as seed-voxel FC, were further examined. RESULTS BMI was negatively associated with scores of Dimensional Change Card Sort Test (DCST) assessing cognitive flexibility (r = -0.14, p = 0.006) and with VMHC of bilateral inferior parietal lobule, insula and dorsal caudate. The dorsal caudate emerged as a nexus for BMI-related findings: greater BMI was associated with greater FC between caudate and hippocampus and lower FC between caudate and several prefrontal nodes (right inferior frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex, and middle frontal gyrus). The FC between right caudate and left hippocampus was negatively associated with scores of DCST (r = -0.15, p = 0.0018). CONCLUSIONS Higher BMI is associated with poorer cognitive flexibility performance and IHFC in an extensive set of brain regions implicated in cognitive control. Larger BMI was associated with higher caudate-medial temporal lobe FC and lower caudate-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex FC. These findings may have relevance for executive function associated with weight gain among otherwise healthy young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jizheng Zhao
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China. .,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Peter Manza
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Huaibo Song
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Puning Zhuang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fulei Shi
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengqi Dong
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gene-Jack Wang
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Dongjian He
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Internet of Things, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China. .,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Perception and Intelligent Service, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Soeder JM, Luthardt J, Rullmann M, Becker GA, Hankir MK, Patt M, Meyer PM, Schütz T, Ding YS, Hilbert A, Dietrich A, Sabri O, Hesse S. Central Noradrenergic Neurotransmission and Weight Loss 6 Months After Gastric Bypass Surgery in Patients with Severe Obesity. Obes Surg 2021; 31:4868-76. [PMID: 34414548 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05657-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is currently the most efficient treatment to achieve long-term weight loss in individuals with severe obesity. This is largely attributed to marked reductions in food intake mediated in part by changes in gut-brain communication. Here, we investigated for the first time whether weight loss after RYGB is associated with alterations in central noradrenaline (NA) neurotransmission. Materials and Methods We longitudinally studied 10 individuals with severe obesity (8 females; age 43.9 ± 13.1 years; body mass index (BMI) 46.5 ± 4.8 kg/m2) using (S,S)-[11C]O-methylreboxetine and positron emission tomography to estimate NA transporter (NAT) availability before and 6 months after surgery. NAT distribution volume ratios (DVR) were calculated by volume-of-interest analysis and the two-parameter multilinear reference tissue model (reference region: occipital cortex). Results The participants responded to RYGB surgery with a reduction in BMI of 12.0 ± 3.5 kg/m2 (p < 0.001) from baseline. This was paralleled by a significant reduction in DVR in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (pre-surgery 1.12 ± 0.04 vs. post-surgery 1.07 ± 0.04; p = 0.019) and a general tendency towards reduced DVR throughout the brain. Furthermore, we found a strong positive correlation between pre-surgery DVR in hypothalamus and the change in BMI (r = 0.78; p = 0.01). Conclusion Reductions in BMI after RYGB surgery are associated with NAT availability in brain regions responsible for decision-making and homeostasis. However, these results need further validation in larger cohorts, to assess whether brain NAT availability could prognosticate the outcome of RYGB on BMI. Graphical abstract ![]()
Collapse
|
22
|
Nakamura Y, Ozawa S, Koike S. Caudate Functional Connectivity Associated With Weight Change in Adolescents. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:587763. [PMID: 33304257 PMCID: PMC7701280 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.587763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood obesity has become a global epidemic and the etiology of maladaptive ingestive behavior in children warrants further research. Mounting evidence suggests that the caudate is associated with body weight gain and obesity in adults. In adolescents, however, how caudate-related neural networks are associated with body weight gain is unclear because their central nervous systems are still developing. Objectives The current longitudinal resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) study was conducted to investigate the hypothesis that caudate-related neural networks have a role in weight gain in adolescents. Methods The study included 20 healthy adolescents with a mean age of 17.5 ± 2.0 years and a mean body mass index of 20.6 ± 2.1 who underwent baseline rs-fMRI then follow-up rs-fMRI approximately 1 year later. Body mass index (BMI) was measured at both timepoints. Seed-based functional connectivity analysis was utilized to analyze caudate-related functional connectivity (FC) using the caudate as a seed. Associations between caudate-related FC and BMI at baseline were assessed, as were associations between change in BMI and caudate-related FC between baseline and follow-up. Results At baseline, greater caudate-lateral prefrontal cortex FC was correlated with lower BMI (family wise error-corrected p < 0.05). Compared to the baseline, increased FC in the caudate-lateral prefrontal cortex at follow up were negatively associated with increased BMI (p < 0.05). Conclusion Given that the lateral prefrontal cortex and caudate are associated with inhibitory control, the caudate-lateral prefrontal cortex FC may have a preventive effect on weight gain in adolescents. The results of the current study suggest that developing inhibitory control would lead to the prevention of childhood obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Nakamura
- UTokyo Center for Integrative Science of Human Behavior, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Ozawa
- UTokyo Center for Integrative Science of Human Behavior, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- UTokyo Center for Integrative Science of Human Behavior, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research Center for Neurointelligence, Tokyo, Japan.,University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity and Adaptation of Human Mind, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Han P, Chen H, Hummel T. Brain Responses to Food Odors Associated With BMI Change at 2-Year Follow-Up. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:574148. [PMID: 33132885 PMCID: PMC7578765 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.574148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The understanding of food cue associated neural activations that predict future weight variability may guide the design of effective prevention programs and treatments for overeating and obesity. The current study investigated the association between brain response to different food odors with varied energy density and individual changes of body mass index (BMI) over 2 years. Twenty-five participants received high-fat (chocolate and peanut), low-fat (bread and peach) food odors, and a nonfood odor (rose) while the brain activation was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). BMIs were calculated with participant’s self-reported body weight and height collected at the time of the fMRI scan and again at 2 years later. Regression analyses revealed significant negative correlations between BMI increase over 2 years and brain activation of the bilateral precuneus and the right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in response to high-fat vs. low-fat food odors. Also, brain activation of the right supplementary motor area (SMA) in response to food vs. non-food odor was negatively correlated to subsequent BMI increase over 2 years. Taken together, the current findings suggest that individual differences in neural responsivity to (high calorie) food odors in brain regions of the default mode and motor control network serve as a neural marker for future BMI change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Han
- The Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Center Smell and Taste, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- *Correspondence: Pengfei Han
| | - Hong Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Interdisciplinary Center Smell and Taste, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Martín-Pérez C, Contreras-Rodríguez O, Verdejo-Román J, Vilar-López R, González-Pérez R, Verdejo-García A. Stressing diets? Amygdala networks, cumulative cortisol, and weight loss in adolescents with excess weight. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44:2001-2010. [PMID: 32546861 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The amygdala is importantly involved in stress and obesity, but its role on weight change and diet-related stress remains unexplored among adolescents with excess weight. We aimed to examine the functional connectivity of the Central and Basolateral amygdala nuclei (CeA and BLA) among adolescents, and to explore the longitudinal association between brain connectivity measures and diet-related cortisol and weight loss in adolescents with excess weight. METHODS We compared resting-state functional connectivity between adolescents with excess (EW, N = 34; Age = 16.44 ± 1.66) and normal weight (NW, N = 36; Age = 16.50 ± 1.40) using a seed-based (CeA and BLA) whole-brain approach. Then, in a subset of 30 adolescents with EW, followed-up after 3-months of dietary/lifestyle intervention, we explored for interactions between connectivity in the CeA/BLA networks and weight loss. Regression analyses were performed to explore the relationship between accumulated cortisol and weight loss, and to test the potential effect of the amygdala networks on such association. RESULTS In EW compared with NW, the CeA regions showed higher functional connectivity with anterior portions, and lower connectivity with posterior portions of the cingulate cortex, while the left BLA regions showed lower connectivity with the dorsal caudate and angular gyrus. In addition, higher connectivity between the left CeA-midbrain network was negatively associated with weight loss. Hair cortisol significantly predicted weight change (p = 0.012). However, this association was no longer significant (p = 0.164) when considering the CeA-midbrain network in the model as an additional predictor. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with EW showed functional connectivity alterations within the BLA/CeA networks. The CeA-midbrain network might constitute an important brain pathway regulating weight change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oren Contreras-Rodríguez
- Psychiatry Department of the Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), and CIBERSAM G-17, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Juan Verdejo-Román
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), Granada, Spain.,Laboratory of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience (UCM-UPM), Centre for Biomedical Technology (CTB), Department of Experimental Psychology, Psychological Processes and Speech Therapy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Raquel González-Pérez
- Department of Pharmacology, CIBERehd, School of Pharmacy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Verdejo-García
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Franssen S, Jansen A, Schyns G, van den Akker K, Roefs A. Neural Correlates of Food Cue Exposure Intervention for Obesity: A Case-Series Approach. Front Behav Neurosci 2020; 14:46. [PMID: 32372924 PMCID: PMC7187770 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People with overweight have stronger reactivity (e.g., subjective craving) to food cues than lean people, and this reactivity is positively associated with food intake. Cue reactivity is a learned response that can be reduced with food cue exposure therapy. Objectives It was hypothesized that participants after food cue exposure therapy would show reduced neural activity in brain regions related to food cue reactivity and increased neural activity in brain regions related to inhibitory-control as compared to participants receiving a control lifestyle intervention. Method Neural activity of 10 women with overweight (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2) in response to individually tailored visually presented palatable high-caloric food stimuli was examined before vs. after a cue exposure intervention (n = 5) or a control lifestyle (n = 5) intervention. Data were analyzed case-by-case. Results Neural responses to food stimuli were reduced in food-cue-reactivity-related brain regions after the lifestyle intervention in most participants, and generally not after the cue exposure therapy. Moreover, cue exposure did not lead to increased activity in inhibitory-control-related brain regions. However, decreased neural activity after cue exposure was found in most participants in the lateral occipital complex (LOC), which suggests a decreased visual salience of high-caloric food stimuli. Conclusion Receiving a cue exposure therapy did not lead to expected neural responses. As cue exposure relies on inhibitory learning mechanisms, differences in contexts (e.g., environments and food types) between the intervention setting and the scanning sessions may explain the general lack of effect of cue-exposure on neural activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sieske Franssen
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Anita Jansen
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ghislaine Schyns
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Karolien van den Akker
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Anne Roefs
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|