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Kelly Souza Silveira B, Mayumi Usuda Prado Rocha D, Stampini Duarte Martino H, Grancieri M, Juste Contin Gomes M, Cuquetto Mantovani H, Bressan J, Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff H. Daily Cashew and Brazil Nut Consumption Modifies Intestinal Health in Overweight Women on Energy-Restricted Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Brazilian Nuts Study). J Nutr 2024; 154:962-977. [PMID: 38246355 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased intestinal permeability and dysbiosis are related to obesity. Nuts can provide nutrients and bioactive compounds that modulate gut microbiota and inflammation, enhancing the beneficial effects of weight loss. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of consuming cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) and Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K) on intestinal permeability and microbiota, fecal SCFAs and pH, inflammation, and weight loss in energy restriction condition. METHODS In this 8-week randomized controlled trial, 40 women with overweight or obesity were assigned to energy-restricted groups (-500 kcal/d): control group (free of nuts) or Brazilian nuts group (BN: 30 g of cashew nuts and 15 g of Brazil nuts per day). Permeability was analyzed by the lactulose/mannitol test and the microbiota by sequencing the 16S gene in the V3-V4 regions. Plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-17A) and C-reactive protein were analyzed. RESULTS In total, 25 women completed the intervention. Both groups lost weight without statistical differences. Lactulose excretion increased only in the control group (P < 0.05). The BN consumption increased fecal propionic acid and potentially beneficial bacteria, such as Ruminococcus, Roseburia, strains NK4A214 and UCG-002 from the Ruminococcaceae family, but also Lachnospiraceae family, Bacteroides, and Lachnoclostridium, when compared to the control group. Changes in intestinal permeability were correlated to a greater reduction in body fat (kg), and IL-8, and increases in Ruminococcus abundance. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate a positive impact of BN consumption within an energy-restricted context, linked to the augmentation of potentially beneficial bacteria and pathways associated with body fat reduction. Besides, BN consumption mitigated increased intestinal permeability, although its capacity to diminish permeability or enhance weight loss proved limited. This trial was registered at the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials as ReBEC (ID: RBR-3ntxrm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Kelly Souza Silveira
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Daniela Mayumi Usuda Prado Rocha
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Grancieri
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Mariana Juste Contin Gomes
- Experimental Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Hilário Cuquetto Mantovani
- Anaerobic Microbioloy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Josefina Bressan
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
- Laboratory of Energy Metabolism and Body Composition, Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
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Yang Y, Zhang D, Chen B, Huang X. Nuts and seeds consumption impact on adolescent obesity: sex-specific associations from 2003 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38356165 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2314682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The nutritional benefits and immunological advantages of consuming nuts and seeds are well-established. However, the link between nuts and seeds consumption and the susceptibility of being overweight or obese among adolescents is not clear. This study aims to explore this relationship in adolescents aged 12-19. Using a weighted multiple logistic regression model, we analysed data of the Food Patterns Equivalents Database and the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2003 to 2018. We found a significant association between nuts and seeds consumption and a reduced odds of being overweight or obese in females. Specifically, females who habitually consumed nuts and seeds had lower odds of being overweight or obese (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.32-0.94). Additionally, we found an L-shaped relationship between nuts and seeds consumption and appropriate waist-to-height ratio in males. The findings suggest that nuts and seeds consumption may contribute to healthier physical development in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Duo Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baiying Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyan Huang
- Hengyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hengyang, China
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Chukwuma IF, Ossai EC, Nworah FN, Apeh VO, Abiaziem EO, Iheagwam FN, Skendrović H, Juchniewicz S, Leicht K, Okpala COR, Korzeniowska M. Changes in nutritional, health benefits, and pharmaceutical potential of raw and roasted tropical almond (Terminalia catappa Linn.) nuts from Nigeria. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0287840. [PMID: 38165984 PMCID: PMC10760739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Tropical almond (Terminalia catappa Linn.) is highly distributed within the tropics, but appears rather underutilized in developing countries like Nigeria. Specifically, relevant information regards the nutritional, health benefits, and pharmaceutical potential of roasted T. catappa nuts remains scanty. Comparing both raw and roasted T. catappa nuts should provide additional information especially from product development and potential commercial prospect standpoints. The changes in nutritional, health benefits, and pharmaceutical potentials of raw and roasted T. catappa nuts were, therefore, investigated. Whereas the raw T. catappa nuts obtained significantly (p < 0.05) higher protein, ash, moisture, crude fiber, as well as vitamins C, and B1-3 compared to the roasted ones, some contents like carbohydrates, energy, vitamin A, calcium, manganese, zinc, hydrogen cyanide, as well as oxalate would noticeably change (p < 0.05) after the roasting process. Twenty phytochemicals were identified in both raw and roasted samples with the concentrations of quinine, ribalinidine, sapogenin, flavan-3-ol and tannin significantly reduced, while catechin seemed enhanced upon roasting. Promising drug-likeness, pharmacokinetic properties, and safety profiles could be predicted among the phytochemicals. Overall, roasting T. catappa nuts should enhance the nutritional contents, which could aid both absorption and palatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeoma Felicia Chukwuma
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Chekwube Ossai
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Florence Nkechi Nworah
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Victor Onukwube Apeh
- Department of Applied Sciences, Federal College of Dental Technology and Therapy, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Osinachi Abiaziem
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Franklyn Nonso Iheagwam
- Department of Biochemistry, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
- Covenant University Public Health and Wellbeing Research Cluster (CUPHWERC), Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Hanna Skendrović
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Szymon Juchniewicz
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Leicht
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Charles Odilichukwu R. Okpala
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- UGA Cooperative Extension, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Małgorzata Korzeniowska
- Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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Monteiro-Alfredo T, Macedo MLR, de Picoli Souza K, Matafome P. New Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Metabolic Sequelae: Brazilian Cerrado as a Unique Biome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15588. [PMID: 37958572 PMCID: PMC10648839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Brazil has several important biomes holding impressive fauna and flora biodiversity. Cerrado being one of the richest ones and a significant area in the search for new plant-based products, such as foods, cosmetics, and medicines. The therapeutic potential of Cerrado plants has been described by several studies associating ethnopharmacological knowledge with phytochemical compounds and therapeutic effects. Based on this wide range of options, the Brazilian population has been using these medicinal plants (MP) for centuries for the treatment of various health conditions. Among these, we highlight metabolic diseases, namely obesity and its metabolic alterations from metabolic syndrome to later stages such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several studies have shown that adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction leads to proinflammatory cytokine secretion and impaired free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation and oxidative status, creating the basis for insulin resistance and glucose dysmetabolism. In this scenario, the great Brazilian biodiversity and a wide variety of phytochemical compounds make it an important candidate for the identification of pharmacological strategies for the treatment of these conditions. This review aimed to analyze and summarize the current literature on plants from the Brazilian Cerrado that have therapeutic activity against obesity and its metabolic conditions, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaeh Monteiro-Alfredo
- Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospection Applied to Metabolism and Cancer (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Purificação de Proteínas e Suas Funções Biológicas (LPPFB), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil;
| | - Maria Lígia Rodrigues Macedo
- Laboratório de Purificação de Proteínas e Suas Funções Biológicas (LPPFB), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil;
| | - Kely de Picoli Souza
- Research Group on Biotechnology and Bioprospection Applied to Metabolism and Cancer (GEBBAM), Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados 79804-970, MS, Brazil;
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Coimbra Institute of Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua 5 de Outubro, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
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