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Takahashi I, Takeda K, Toyama T, Matsuzaki T, Kuroki H, Hoso M. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses of articular cartilage during onset and progression of pre- and early-stage osteoarthritis in a rodent model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10568. [PMID: 38719877 PMCID: PMC11079058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment of pre- and early-stage osteoarthritis (OA) is important. However, the cellular and cartilaginous changes occurring during these stages remain unclear. We investigated the histological and immunohistochemical changes over time between pre- and early-stage OA in a rat model of traumatic injury. Thirty-six male rats were divided into two groups, control and OA groups, based on destabilization of the medial meniscus. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses of articular cartilage were performed on days 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 postoperatively. Cell density of proteins associated with cartilage degradation increased from postoperative day one. On postoperative day three, histological changes, including chondrocyte death, reduced matrix staining, and superficial fibrillation, were observed. Simultaneously, a compensatory increase in matrix staining was observed. The Osteoarthritis Research Society International score increased from postoperative day seven, indicating thinner cartilage. On postoperative day 10, the positive cell density decreased, whereas histological changes progressed with fissuring and matrix loss. The proteoglycan 4-positive cell density increased on postoperative day seven. These findings will help establish an experimental model and clarify the mechanism of the onset and progression of pre- and early-stage traumatic OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikufumi Takahashi
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1, Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Takeda
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1, Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tadashi Toyama
- Division of Biostatistics, Innovative Clinical Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Taro Matsuzaki
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuroki
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoso
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
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Takahashi I, Matsuzaki T, Kuroki H, Hoso M. Treadmill Exercise Suppresses Histological Progression of Disuse Atrophy in Articular Cartilage in Rat Knee Joints during Hindlimb Suspension. Cartilage 2023; 14:482-491. [PMID: 36802945 PMCID: PMC10807736 DOI: 10.1177/19476035231154510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the preventive effects of treadmill exercise or physiological loading on disuse atrophy in the rat knee joint cartilage and bone during hindlimb suspension. DESIGN Twenty male rats were divided into 4 experimental groups, including the control, hindlimb suspension, physiological loading, and treadmill walking groups. Histological changes in the articular cartilage and bone of the tibia were histomorphometrically and immunohistochemically evaluated 4 weeks after the intervention. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the hindlimb suspension group showed thinning of cartilage thickness, decreased matrix staining, and decreased proportion of noncalcified layers. Cartilage thinning, decreased matrix staining, and decreased noncalcified layers were suppressed in the treadmill walking group. The physiological loading group exhibited no significant suppression of cartilage thinning or decreased noncalcified layers, but the decreased matrix staining was significantly suppressed. No significant prevention of bone mass loss or changes in subchondral bone thickness were detected after physiological loading or treadmill walking. CONCLUSION Disuse atrophy of the articular cartilage caused by unloading conditions could be prevented by treadmill walking in rat knee joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikufumi Takahashi
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taro Matsuzaki
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuroki
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoso
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
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Accart N, Dawson J, Obrecht M, Lambert C, Flueckiger M, Kreider J, Hatakeyama S, Richards PJ, Beckmann N. Degenerative joint disease induced by repeated intra-articular injections of monosodium urate crystals in rats as investigated by translational imaging. Sci Rep 2022; 12:157. [PMID: 34997110 PMCID: PMC8742129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04125-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to assess the consequences of repeated intra-articular injection of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals with inflammasome priming by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in order to simulate recurrent bouts of gout in rats. Translational imaging was applied to simultaneously detect and quantify injury in different areas of the knee joint. MSU/LPS induced joint swelling, synovial membrane thickening, fibrosis of the infrapatellar fat pad, tidemark breaching, and cartilage invasion by inflammatory cells. A higher sensitivity to mechanical stimulus was detected in paws of limbs receiving MSU/LPS compared to saline-injected limbs. In MSU/LPS-challenged joints, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed increased synovial fluid volume in the posterior region of the joint, alterations in the infrapatellar fat pad reflecting a progressive decrease of fat volume and fibrosis formation, and a significant increase in the relaxation time T2 in femoral cartilage, consistent with a reduction of proteoglycan content. MRI also showed cyst formation in the tibia, femur remodeling, and T2 reductions in extensor muscles consistent with fibrosis development. Repeated intra-articular MSU/LPS injections in the rat knee joint induced pathology in multiple tissues and may be a useful means to investigate the relationship between urate crystal deposition and the development of degenerative joint disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Accart
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Janet Dawson
- Autoimmunity, Transplantation & Inflammation Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Lichtstr. 35, WSJ-386.6.08.18, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Obrecht
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Lambert
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Flueckiger
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julie Kreider
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shinji Hatakeyama
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter J Richards
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolau Beckmann
- Musculoskeletal Diseases Department, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Fabrikstr. 28.3.04, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
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Takahashi I, Matsuzaki T, Kuroki H, Hoso M. Disuse Atrophy of Articular Cartilage Induced by Unloading Condition Accelerates Histological Progression of Osteoarthritis in a Post-traumatic Rat Model. Cartilage 2021; 13:1522S-1529S. [PMID: 33356503 PMCID: PMC8721611 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520982350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aim was to evaluate the histological relationship between osteoarthritis (OA) and articular cartilage in disuse atrophy induced by hindlimb unloading in a post-traumatic OA rat model. DESIGN Forty male rats were divided into the 4 following experimental groups: control, hindlimb suspension (HS), OA induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus (OA), and OA induction after hindlimb suspension (HS-OA). Histological changes in the articular cartilage of the tibia were evaluated by the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores and histomorphometrical analyses at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after OA induction. RESULTS We confirmed that disuse atrophy of the articular cartilage was caused by thinning of the articular cartilage and the decrease in matrix staining for the nonloading period of 4 weeks. The OARSI scores and histomorphological analyses revealed that OA progressed significantly wider and deeper in the HS-OA group than in the OA group over time. In the sham group, disuse atrophy of the articular cartilage recovered at 2 weeks after reloading. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that OA progressed faster in cartilage atrophy than in normal articular cartilage. Further studies are required for investigating the mechanisms of disuse atrophy of cartilage and its association with OA using the biochemical and immunohistochemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikufumi Takahashi
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taro Matsuzaki
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuroki
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoso
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
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Takahashi I, Matsuzaki T, Kuroki H, Hoso M. Physiological Reloading Recovers Histologically Disuse Atrophy of the Articular Cartilage and Bone by Hindlimb Suspension in Rat Knee Joint. Cartilage 2021; 13:1530S-1539S. [PMID: 34886706 PMCID: PMC8804769 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211063857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to clarify physiological reloading on disuse atrophy of the articular cartilage and bone in the rat knee using the hindlimb suspension model. DESIGN Thirty male rats were divided into 3 experimental groups: control group, hindlimb suspension group, and reloading after hindlimb suspension group. Histological changes in the articular cartilage and bone of the tibia were evaluated by histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical analyses at 2 and 4 weeks after reloading. RESULTS The thinning and loss of matrix staining in the articular cartilage and the decrease in bone volume induced by hindlimb suspension recovered to the same level as the control group after 2 weeks of reloading. The proportion of the noncalcified and calcified layers of the articular cartilage and the thinning of subchondral bone recovered to the same level as the control group after 4 weeks of reloading. CONCLUSIONS Disuse atrophy of the articular cartilage and bone induced by hindlimb suspension in the tibia of rats was improved by physiological reloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikufumi Takahashi
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa
University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
- Department of Motor Function Analysis,
Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto,
Japan
| | - Taro Matsuzaki
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuroki
- Department of Motor Function Analysis,
Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto,
Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoso
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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Takahashi I, Takeda K, Matsuzaki T, Kuroki H, Hoso M. Reduction of knee joint load suppresses cartilage degeneration, osteophyte formation, and synovitis in early-stage osteoarthritis using a post-traumatic rat model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254383. [PMID: 34270585 PMCID: PMC8284605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to clarify the histological effect of reducing the loading to knee on cartilage degeneration, osteophyte formation, and synovitis in early-stage osteoarthritis (OA) using a post-traumatic rat model. Ten male rats were randomly allocated into two experimental groups: OA induction by surgical destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM, OA group) and hindlimb suspension after OA induction by DMM (OAHS group). The articular cartilage, osteophyte formation, and synovial membrane in the medial tibiofemoral joint were analyzed histologically and histomorphometrically at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. The histological scores and changes in articular cartilage and osteophyte formation were significantly milder and slower in the OAHS group than in the OA group. At 2 and 4 weeks, there were no significant differences in cartilage thickness and matrix staining intensity between both the groups, but chondrocytes density was significantly lower in the OA group. Synovitis was milder in OAHS group than in OA group at 2 weeks. Reducing knee joint loading inhibited histological OA changes in articular cartilage, osteophyte formation, and synovial inflammation. This result supports the latest clinical guidelines for OA treatment. Further studies using biochemical and mechanical analyses are necessary to elucidate the mechanism underlying delayed OA progression caused by joint-load reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikufumi Takahashi
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takeda
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Taro Matsuzaki
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuroki
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoso
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
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