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Elving KH, Haasnoot AJW, Ghyczy EAE, Stramrood S, de Boer JH. Contact lenses in paediatric aphakia in the Netherlands; A multicentre retrospective chart study. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2024; 47:102163. [PMID: 38582614 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2024.102163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main aim of this study was to evaluate the type, parameters, loss and complications of contact lenses (CLs) in the treatment of paediatric aphakia over a 10-year period. METHODS This retrospective multicentre chart review included the files of aphakic CL wearers under the age of 9 years old that were treated between 2008 and 2018. Patients with traumatic aphakia and scarring of the cornea were excluded. The following data were collected; demographic data, cataract type (congenital or secondary), CL type, parameters and wearing time, reason for replacement and discontinuation of the CLs, visual acuity (VA), prophylactic use of antibiotics (ABs), and complications. RESULTS Ninety-one aphakic children (132 eyes) were fitted with soft CLs. The median age of cataract extraction was 10.50 weeks (interquartile range (IQR) 7,15) in the congenital cataract group and 112 weeks (IQR 41,285) in the secondary cataract group. At the initial fitting a silicone elastomer CL was fitted in 86 % and a silicone hydrogel CL in 12 %, the remaining 2 % were mixed CL types. The median CL power at baseline was + 29 D (IQR 25,32) and after 3 years of wear the median power had shifted significantly to + 20 D (IQR 17,26), P < 0.001. A total of 1083 extra CL replacements were needed of which 414 in the first year of wear. Of these 414 replacements almost half (46 %;n = 191) were due to loss of the CL. Complications developed in 8 (9 %) cases and 7 (8 %) patients discontinued CL wear. CONCLUSION This paper confirms that paediatric aphakia can be successfully treated with soft CLs with low rates of complications and discontinuation encountered. Unscheduled CL replacements due to loss are a concern, especially in the first year, and are straining for both the care giver and medical system. Attentive care and clear information is advised during the first year of CL wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Elving
- Visser Contact Lens Practice, Department of Ophthalmology UMC Utrecht and Amsterdam UMC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - A J W Haasnoot
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3585 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - E A E Ghyczy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Po Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - S Stramrood
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3585 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - J H de Boer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3585 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Akbari M. The Outcome of Artisan Intraocular Lens Implantation in Children: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e59435. [PMID: 38826882 PMCID: PMC11140541 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aphakia is a condition in which the eye's crystalline lens is not in its proper position because of a perforating injury, surgical removal, dislocation of the lens, or congenital anomaly. The management of aphakia can be either conservative or surgical. Various surgical techniques could be used, including retro pupillary-fixated iris-claw intraocular lenses (IOLs) and anterior-fixated iris-claw IOLs. One of the challenges faced by ophthalmologists is the optical rehabilitation of pediatric aphakic patients because a child's eye is still growing, resulting in fundamental variations in their refractive elements, and the immature visual system faces the risks of amblyopia development in the case of defocus or inequality of visual input between both eyes. There is also the risk of the incidence of side effects that can be accepted in adults but not in children. Finally, accurate postoperative supervision and optical rehabilitation in pediatrics will be more complex than that in adults. This review showed that it is possible to place, replace, and exchange the Artisan IOL with minor surgical trauma. Hence, this procedure can be an acceptable therapeutic method for correcting the developmental refractive changes of the growing aphakic eye. However, some worries are still caused by probable long-term side effects, including endothelial cell loss. Finally, a significant attempt at visual rehabilitation is to treat pediatric aphakia with Artisan IOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Akbari
- Department of Eye, Eye Research Center, Amiralmomenin Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IRN
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3
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Ono T, Sakisaka T, Takada K, Tokuda S, Mori Y, Nejima R, Iwasaki T, Miyai T, Miyata K. Long-term effect of using hard contact lenses on corneal endothelial cell density and morphology in ophthalmologically healthy individuals in Japan. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7649. [PMID: 37169893 PMCID: PMC10175498 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34756-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The adverse effects of hard contact lenses (HCL) on the corneal endothelium have been studied in the short term; however, long-term effects remain still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the effect of long-term HCL use on corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) and morphology in healthy Japanese individuals. This cross-sectional observational study included individuals using HCL for refractive errors examined at a single specialty eye hospital. Patient age, duration of HCL usage, ECD, coefficient of variation of the cell area (CV), and rate of appearance of hexagonal cells (6A) obtained via non-contact specular microscopy were assessed. We analyzed 8604 eyes (mean age: 35.6 ± 10.0 years, 837 males, 3465 females). The mean duration of HCL usage was 14.7 ± 9.1 (range, 1-50) years. Multivariate analysis revealed that ECD significantly correlated with age (P < 0.001) but not with duration of usage; however, CV and 6A significantly correlated with both factors (P < 0.001). Univariate analysis revealed that CV and 6A correlated with duration of usage (all, P < 0.001). According to our results, CV and 6A correlated with the duration of HCL usage in ophthalmologically healthy Japanese individuals. Therefore, it is important to monitor corneal endothelial morphology in long-term HCL wearers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3, Kuraharacho, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Toshihiro Sakisaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3, Kuraharacho, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Keita Takada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3, Kuraharacho, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Shota Tokuda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3, Kuraharacho, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Yosai Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3, Kuraharacho, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Ryohei Nejima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3, Kuraharacho, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Takuya Iwasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3, Kuraharacho, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
| | - Takashi Miyai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Miyata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miyata Eye Hospital, 6-3, Kuraharacho, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, 885-0051, Japan
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4
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Yehezkeli V, Hare I, Moisseiev E, Assia EI, Chacham I, Ela-Dalman N. Assessment of long-term visual outcomes in aphakic children wearing scleral contact lenses. Eye (Lond) 2023; 37:421-426. [PMID: 35102246 PMCID: PMC9905087 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-022-01942-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timely management of aphakic children is critical for the rehabilitation of adequate visual gain. This study aims to evaluate the long-term efficacy of scleral contact lenses in terms of visual outcomes, complications, and compliance in aphakic children. METHODS Retrospective data review of children with congenital or acquired cataract, or subluxated crystalline lenses, who underwent lensectomy from 2004 to 2018 and who used scleral contact lenses for refractive correction. Collected data from the follow up period included recorded aphakic refraction and visual acuity, complications following scleral contact lens wear documented in the clinic and ophthalmic emergency room and compliance to lens wear according to parental feedback on every visit in the clinic. RESULTS 76% of cases, with final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/40 or better achieved in seventeen eyes (34%). The rate of amblyopia was 50%. Strabismus developed in 56% of children, and those had less favourable visual outcomes (0.43 ± 0.4 LogMAR without strabismus and 0.8 ± 0.5 LogMAR with strabismus, p = 0.015). No corneal infections were documented during the follow up. Main adverse effect on the ocular surface was superficial punctate keratopathy (n = 16). Compliance was good in 48 children (96%)- except for two cases, the scleral lenses were tolerated well by all children. CONCLUSION Scleral contact lenses are an effective means of visual rehabilitation in aphakic children after lensectomy and may be used long-term with good compliance of wear, excellent visual outcomes, and tolerable adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan Hare
- Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Optometric Clinic, Raanana, Israel
| | - Elad Moisseiev
- Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ehud I Assia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Noa Ela-Dalman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Multifunctional glycoprotein coatings improve the surface properties of highly oxygen permeable contact lenses. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 145:213233. [PMID: 36521413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To achieve and maintain good operability of medical devices while reducing putative side effects for the patient, a promising strategy is to tailor the surface properties of such devices as they critically dictate the tissue compatibility and the biofouling behavior. Indeed, those properties can be strongly improved by generating mucin coatings on such medical devices. However, using coatings on optical systems, e.g., contact lenses, comes with various challenges: here, the geometrical and optical characteristics of the lens may not be compromised by either the coating process or the coating itself. In this study, we show how mucin macromolecules can be attached onto the surfaces of rigid, gas permeable contact lenses while maintaining all critical lens parameters. We demonstrate that the generated coatings improve the surface wettability (contact angles are reduced from 105° to 40° and liquid film break-up times are increased from <1 s to 31 s) and prevent tribological damage to corneal tissue. Additionally, such coatings are highly transparent (transmission values above 98 % compared to an uncoated sample are reached) and efficiently reduce lipid deposition to the lens surface by 90 % but fully maintain the geometrical and mechanical properties of the lenses. Thus, such mucin coatings could also be highly beneficial for other optical systems that are used in direct contact with tissues or body fluids.
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Kooshki AM, Kooshki AM, Yaseri M, Nouri L, Alipour F. Experiences of Treatment With Contact Lenses in Aphakic Children With Unilateral Congenital Cataract: A Retrospective Study. Eye Contact Lens 2022; 48:222-227. [PMID: 35333798 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Congenital cataract is a condition compromising the eye's crystalline lens in infants and is usually diagnosed at birth. It can lead to irreversible vision loss if not promptly detected and treated, especially in unilateral cases. Nowadays, children with congenital cataracts can undergo surgical removal of their opacified crystalline lenses, and visual rehabilitation is mandatory to prevent deep amblyopia. Contact lenses, predominantly of rigid gas-permeable (GP) type, are gaining more popularity for this matter. METHOD In this retrospective cohort study, unilateral aphakic children younger than 6 years referred to the Contact Lens Clinic at Farabi Eye Hospital from November 2011 to September 2019 were included. RESULTS Seventy-six unilateral aphakic children with congenital cataracts (57.9% boys and 42.1% girls) rehabilitated with GP were studied. The mean age of diagnosis and referral to the contact lens clinic were 20.0±19.8 and 32.0±24.4 weeks, respectively, while the mean follow-up time was 12.44±26.28 months. The mean visual acuity for children capable of cooperating at the last follow-up was 0.98±0.62 log MAR. Among the participants, eight children (9.7%) were diagnosed as glaucoma suspects. The mean initial base curve and power of GP lenses were 7.86±0.39 mm and 23.29±5.52 diopters, respectively. Only 21 parents (27.6%) reported nonadherence to the scheduled part-time patch program. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed GP-based optical treatment after early diagnosis, surgical removal of congenital cataracts, and a long-term close follow-up to be well tolerated by children and their parents, with acceptable parents' compliance and can thus be introduced as a safe and effective method to achieve desirable visual outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolreza M Kooshki
- Department of ophthalmology (A.M.K., A.M.K., L.N.), Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (M.Y.), School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of ophthalmology (F.A.), Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye, Tehran, Iran
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Tian L, Zhao P, Zhu H, Kang X, Wei Y, Chen L, Li J. Vergence Formula for Estimating the Refractive Status of Aphakic Eyes in Pediatric Patients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:861745. [PMID: 35463009 PMCID: PMC9032793 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.861745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical Relevance A vergence formula may provide a simple and reliable calculation of the refractive status of aphakic eyes. Background Measuring the refractive error of pediatric eyes with aphakia is difficult. This study investigated the accuracy and applicability of a vergence formula for estimating the refractive status of such eyes. Methods A retrospective review of the medical records, created between January 2016 and December 2018, of pediatric patients with aphakia was conducted. A vergence formula, based on axial length, was used to calculate the refractive status of the aphakic eyes. The refractive values determined using retinoscopy, an automatic refractometer, and the vergence formula were compared. Results A total of 72 eyes (47 patients) were analyzed. The spherical equivalents of the refractive errors (mean ± standard deviation) of the eyes were determined using retinoscopy (13.01 ± 3.27 D), automatic refractometry (12.90 ± 3.23 D), and the vergence formula (12.70 ± 3.4 D). The correlation coefficient between retinoscopy values determined using retinoscopy and the vergence formula, automatic refractometry and the vergence formula, and retinoscopy and automatic refractometry were 0.968, 0.987, and 0.979, respectively. The Bland-Altman consistency analysis revealed that the mean differences in the spherical equivalent values between retinoscopy and automatic refractometry, retinoscopy and the vergence formula, and automatic refractometry and the vergence formula were 0.11 D, 0.31 D, and 0.21 D, respectively, with 95% limits of agreement of−1.20 to 1.41 D,−1.37 to 2.00 D, and−0.90 to 1.31 D, respectively. Conclusion The vergence formula was effective for evaluating the refractive status of aphakic eyes in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlu Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiquan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huang Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoli Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luya Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Li
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Jacobs DS, Carrasquillo KG, Cottrell PD, Fernández-Velázquez FJ, Gil-Cazorla R, Jalbert I, Pucker AD, Riccobono K, Robertson DM, Szczotka-Flynn L, Speedwell L, Stapleton F. CLEAR - Medical use of contact lenses. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2021; 44:289-329. [PMID: 33775381 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The medical use of contact lenses is a solution for many complex ocular conditions, including high refractive error, irregular astigmatism, primary and secondary corneal ectasia, disfiguring disease, and ocular surface disease. The development of highly oxygen permeable soft and rigid materials has extended the suitability of contact lenses for such applications. There is consistent evidence that bandage soft contact lenses, particularly silicone hydrogel lenses, improve epithelial healing and reduce pain in persistent epithelial defects, after trauma or surgery, and in corneal dystrophies. Drug delivery applications of contact lens hold promise for improving topical therapy. Modern scleral lens practice has achieved great success for both visual rehabilitation and therapeutic applications, including those requiring retention of a tear reservoir or protection from an adverse environment. This report offers a practical and relevant summary of the current evidence for the medical use of contact lenses for all eye care professionals including optometrists, ophthalmologists, opticians, and orthoptists. Topics covered include indications for use in both acute and chronic conditions, lens selection, patient selection, wear and care regimens, and recommended aftercare schedules. Prevention, presentation, and management of complications of medical use are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah S Jacobs
- Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Cornea and Refractive Surgery Service, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Loretta Szczotka-Flynn
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lynne Speedwell
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - Fiona Stapleton
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, Australia
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Hashemi H, Shokrollahzadeh F, Khabazkhoob M, Emamian MH, Yekta A, Fotouhi A. Distribution of Eccentricity in Children Aged 6-12 Years. Semin Ophthalmol 2021; 36:679-683. [PMID: 33689568 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2021.1897853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the distribution of eccentricity and its association with some biometric and demographic parameters. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the target population was primary school children aged 6 to 12 years from Shahroud, northeast Iran. Scheimpflug imaging was done using the Pentacam. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to study the association between Eccentricity (ECC) and independent variables like age, sex, living place as well as biometric parameters. RESULTS Of the 6624 selected students, 5620 participated in the study of whom 4968 were eligible for analysis in this study. About half (52.4%) of the students were boys. The mean ECC was 0.600 (95% CI: 0.597-0.602) in total, 0.597 (95% CI: 0.594-0.600) in boys and 0.603 (95% CI: 0.599-0.607) in girls. The mean ECC was 0.611 in 6-year-old and 0.588 in 12-year-old children. The mean ECC was 0.590 in rural and 0.601 in urban children. The mean ECC was 0.600, 0.604, and 0.604 in emmetropic, myopic, and hyperopic children, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that ECC decreased with age (Coefficient: -0.004; 95%CI: -0.006 to -0.003), was higher in urban areas (Coefficient: 0.008; 95%CI: 0.002 to 0.014), had a direct association with axial length, and had an indirect association with lens thickness, central corneal thickness, and anterior chamber depth. CONCLUSION The cornea had a prolate shape in children and eccentricity value decreased with age. The results of this study add to the existing knowledge and can be used in differentiating normal from abnormal corneal shapes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hashemi
- Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Khabazkhoob
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Management, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Emamian
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Abbasali Yekta
- Refractive Errors Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Akbar Fotouhi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Lambert SR, Nizam A, DuBois L, Cotsonis G, Weakley DR, Wilson ME. The Myopic Shift in Aphakic Eyes in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study After 10 Years of Follow-up. Eye Contact Lens 2021; 47:108-112. [PMID: 32568929 PMCID: PMC7786508 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report the myopic shift in the aphakic eyes of a cohort of children who underwent unilateral cataract surgery during infancy and were then followed longitudinally for 10.5 years. METHODS One-half of the children enrolled in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS) were randomized to aphakia and contact lens correction after unilateral cataract surgery. They then underwent ocular examinations using standardized protocols at prescribed time intervals until age 10.5 years. RESULTS Thirty of 57 children randomized to aphakia remained aphakic at age 10.5, having undergone unilateral cataract surgery at a median age of 1.6 (IQR: 1.1-3.1) months. The median refractive error (RE) in the 57 eyes randomized to aphakia immediately after cataract surgery was 19.01 D (IQR: 16.98-20.49) compared to 10.38 D (IQR: 7.50-14.00) for the 30 eyes that remained aphakic at age 10.5 years. The mean change in RE in aphakic eyes was -2.11 D/year up to age 1.5 years, -0.68 D/year from 1.5 to 5.0 years, and -0.35 D/year from age 5 to 10.5 years. At age 10.5 years, 18 patients continued to wear a contact lens correction (silicone elastomer, n=6; gas permeable, n=6; hydrogel, n=5; and silicone hydrogel, n=1) (median RE, 12.50 D), 9 wore only spectacles (median RE, 4.00 D), and 4 wore no correction (median RE, 11.25 D) to correct their aphakic eye. CONCLUSIONS The RE in aphakic eyes decreased by 44% from infancy to age 10.5 years. About two-thirds of children who remained aphakic at age 10.5 years continued to wear a contact lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R. Lambert
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Azhar Nizam
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Lindreth DuBois
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - George Cotsonis
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - David R. Weakley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Southwestern University, Dallas, TX
| | - M Edward Wilson
- Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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11
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Lambert SR, Cotsonis G, DuBois L, Nizam Ms A, Kruger SJ, Hartmann EE, Weakley DR, Drews-Botsch C. Long-term Effect of Intraocular Lens vs Contact Lens Correction on Visual Acuity After Cataract Surgery During Infancy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Ophthalmol 2020; 138:365-372. [PMID: 32077909 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2020.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Importance Although intraocular lenses (IOLs) are often implanted in children, little is known whether primary IOL implantation or aphakia and contact lens correction results in better long-term visual outcomes after unilateral cataract surgery during infancy. Objective To compare long-term visual outcomes with contact lens vs IOL correction following unilateral cataract surgery during infancy. Design, Setting, and Participants This multicenter randomized clinical trial enrolled 114 infants with a unilateral congenital cataract who underwent cataract surgery with or without primary IOL implantation between 1 and 6 months of age. Data on long-term visual outcomes were collected when the children were age 10.5 years (July 14, 2015, to July 12, 2019) and analyzed from March 30 through August 6, 2019. Interventions Intraocular lens implantation at the time of cataract surgery. Main Outcomes and Measures Best-corrected visual acuity using the electronic Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (E-ETDRS) testing protocol. Analysis was performed on an intention-to-treat basis. Results Best-corrected visual acuity was measured at age 10.5 years for 110 of the 114 patients (96%) enrolled as infants. The participants included 58 girls (53%) and 52 boys (47%). Overall, 27 of the children (25%) had good (logMAR 0.30 [Snellen equivalent, 20/40] or better) visual acuity in the treated eye (12 [22%] in the IOL group and 15 [27%] in the aphakia group), but 50 children (44%) had a visual acuity of logMAR 1.00 (Snellen equivalent, 20/200) or worse (25 [44%] in the IOL group and 25 [44%] in the aphakia group). The median logMAR acuity in the treated eye was similar in children randomized to receive an IOL at the time of cataract extraction (0.89; interquartile range [IQR], 0.33-1.43 [Snellen equivalent, 20/159]) and those who remained aphakic (0.86; IQR, 0.30-1.46 [Snellen equivalent, 20/145]) (IQR, 0.30-1.46; P = .82). Although the overall difference in median visual acuity between the 2 groups was small, the estimate was imprecise (99% CI for the difference in medians was -0.54 to 0.47). Conclusions and Relevance As in previous phases of the study, visual acuity outcomes were highly variable with only 27 children (25%) achieving excellent visual acuity in their treated eye and 50 children (44%) having poor vision in the treated eye. Implanting an IOL at the time of cataract extraction was neither beneficial nor detrimental to the visual outcome. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00212134.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Lambert
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - George Cotsonis
- Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lindreth DuBois
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Azhar Nizam Ms
- Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Stacey J Kruger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwell Health, Great Neck, New York
| | - E Eugenie Hartmann
- Rebecca D. Considine Research Institute and Vision Center, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, Ohio
| | - David R Weakley
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Carolyn Drews-Botsch
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Sindal MD, Arthi M. Outcomes of sutureless and sutured scleral fixated intraocular lens in paediatric population. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 31:3379-3385. [PMID: 33073609 DOI: 10.1177/1120672120965493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyse the outcomes of sutureless and sutured scleral fixated intraocular lenses (SFIOL) in paediatric population. SETTING Vitreoretina department of a tertiary eye care institute in Southern India. DESIGN Retrospective case series. METHODS Data were collected from January 2010 to December 2018 for children less than 18 years of age, based on the following parameters: demographics, pre-operative characteristics, duration between aphakia and surgery, previous amblyopia treatment, the uncorrected (UCVA) and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at baseline and, 1,6 and 12 months or final visit. Early and late post-operative complications along with details of any resurgery was recorded. RESULTS The study included 45 eyes of 43 patients. The mean age when children became aphakic was 8.8±3.6 years and the mean age at SFIOL implantation 10.1 ± 3.9 years. Sutureless SFIOL was performed for 36 (80%) eyes. The improvement in UCVA was statistically significant at 1-month follow up. Transient hypotony (n = 3), vitreous hemorrhage (n = 7) and raised IOP (n = 4) were the most observed early post-operative complications, while haptic exposure or disinsertion (n = 4, 9%) was a delayed postoperative complication. The mean spherical equivalent at the last follow up was 1.96 ± 0.83D and mean postoperative cylinder 2.32 ± 1.3D. The children were followed up for a mean duration of 20 ± 21.7 months. History of previous vitrectomy was found to be associated with two line reduction in UCVA (95% CI = 0.03-0.5 logMAR, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION SFIOLs- sutured and sutureless; both were suitable for the rehabilitation of paediatric aphakia. Sutureless scleral fixation is a safe alternative for children but prospective studies with longer follow-up are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manavi D Sindal
- Vitreoretina Services, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Pondicherry, India
| | - M Arthi
- Vitreoretina Services, Aravind Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Pondicherry, India
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Lambert SR, Aakalu VK, Hutchinson AK, Pineles SL, Galvin JA, Heidary G, Binenbaum G, VanderVeen DK. Intraocular Lens Implantation during Early Childhood. Ophthalmology 2019; 126:1454-1461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Rigid Gas-Permeable Contact Lenses Fitting Philosophy for Unilateral Aphakic Infants. Eye Contact Lens 2019; 46:381-384. [PMID: 31517738 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000000658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide fitting guidelines with suggested powers and base curves (BCs) and diameters for initial rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses (CLs) selection for unilateral aphakic infants based on age. METHODS Records of 52 children (52 eyes) with RGP CLs to unilateral aphakia between 2014 and 2019 were evaluated. Refractive status was assessed by standard retinoscopy. The original BC and diameter were determined by keratometric readings and fluorescein pattern under sedation. Correlation analysis was performed between age and CLs parameters. Linear regression analysis was used to develop a model for estimating power with the help of infant's age. Subgroup analysis was performed by grouping the eyes into four groups according to age. Lens adjustments and adverse events were also evaluated. RESULTS The median age was 9.0 months (interquartile range [IQR], 5.25-13.0 months). The mean power and BC and diameter of the initial RGP CLs were 25.46±4.83 diopters, 7.57±0.40 mm, and 9.48±0.23 mm, respectively. All these parameters showed correlations with infant's age (Pearson r=-0.676, 0.367, and 0.497, respectively; P=0.000, 0.008, and 0.000, respectively). Regression analysis revealed that CL power =31.66 to 0.62×age (P<0.001). The median follow-up was 7.50 months (IQR, 3.0-11.0 months). Lens adjustments took about every 3 months before 1 year of age and every 5 months afterward (F=3.442; P=0.024). The RGP CLs provided ideal fit characteristics, and no severe lens-related adverse event occurred except only one patient had mild conjunctivitis. CONCLUSIONS Our empirical RGP CLs fitting philosophy presented that aphakic infant's age can be used to determine the initial lens if accurate biometry cannot be obtained initially.
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Kletke SN, Mireskandari K, Ali A. Update on Pediatric Cataract Surgery and the Delphi Panel Paper. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40135-018-0183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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