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Shats D, Balasubramanian T, Sidelnikov D, Das U, Onyekaba NA, Forbes HE, Lu N, Williams K, Levin MR, Sundararajan S, Vij S, Gadagkar H, Rege A, Saeedi O, Chen V, Alexander JL. Association of Speckle-Based Blood Flow Measurements and Fluorescein Angiography in Infants with Retinopathy of Prematurity. OPHTHALMOLOGY SCIENCE 2024; 4:100463. [PMID: 38591050 PMCID: PMC11000102 DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2023.100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Purpose To determine the correlation between blood flow metrics measured by intravenous fluorescein angiography (IVFA) and the blood flow velocity index (BFVi) obtained by laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) in infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Design Prospective comparative pilot study. Subjects Seven eyes from 7 subjects with ROP. Methods Unilateral LSCI and IVFA data were obtained from each subject in the neonatal intensive care unit. Five LSCI-based metrics and 5 IVFA-based metrics were extracted from images to quantify blood flow patterns in the same region of interest. Correlation between LSCI-based and IVFA-based blood flow metrics was compared between 2 subgroups of ROP severity: moderate ROP (defined as stage ≤ 2 without Plus disease) and severe ROP (defined as stage ≥3 or Plus disease). Main Outcome Measures Pearson and Kendall rank correlation coefficients between IVFA and LSCI metrics; Student t test P values comparing LSCI metrics between "severe" and "moderate" ROP groups. Results Pearson correlations between IVFA and LSCI included arterial-venous transit time (AVTT) and peak BFVi (pBFVi; r = -0.917; P = 0.004), AVTT and dip BFVi (dBFVi; r = -0.920; P = 0.003), AVTT and mean BFVi (r = -0.927- P = 0.003), and AVTT and volumetric rise index (r = -0.779; P = 0.039). Kendall rank correlation between AVTT and dBFVi was r = -0.619 (P = 0.051). pBFVi was higher in severe ROP than in moderate ROP (8.4 ± 0.6 and 4.4 ± 1.8, respectively; P = 0.0045 using the 2-sample t test with pooled variance and P = 0.0952 using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test). Conclusions Correlation was found between blood flow metrics obtained by IVFA and noninvasive LSCI techniques. We demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining quantitative metrics using LSCI in infants with ROP in this pilot study; however, further investigation is needed to evaluate its potential use in clinical assessment of ROP severity. Financial Disclosures Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Shats
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Tara Balasubramanian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Danielle Sidelnikov
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Urjita Das
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ndidi-Amaka Onyekaba
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - He E. Forbes
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Noela Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kristin Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Moran R. Levin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sripriya Sundararajan
- Department of Neonatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shitiz Vij
- Vasoptic Medical, Inc., Columbia, Maryland
| | | | | | - Osamah Saeedi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Victoria Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Janet L. Alexander
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Cho E, Das U, Sidelnikov D, Balasubramanian T, Shats D, Mansoor S, Forbes HE, Zhou J, Kapoor R, Chase S, Kore M, Williams K, Saeedi O, Sundararajan S, Levin MR, Magder L, Alexander JL. Retinal blood flow association with age and weight in infants at risk for retinopathy of prematurity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12790. [PMID: 38834830 PMCID: PMC11150459 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63534-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This prospective study evaluated the relationship between laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) ocular blood flow velocity (BFV) and five birth parameters: gestational age (GA), postmenstrual age (PMA) and chronological age (CA) at the time of measurement, birth weight (BW), and current weight (CW) in preterm neonates at risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). 38 Neonates with BW < 2 kg, GA < 32 weeks, and PMA between 27 and 47 weeks underwent 91 LSCI sessions. Correlation tests and regression analysis were performed to quantify relationships between birth parameters and ocular BFV. Mean ocular BFV index in this cohort was 8.8 +/- 4.0 IU. BFV positively correlated with PMA (r = 0.3, p = 0.01), CA (r = 0.3, p = 0.005), and CW (r = 0.3, p = 0.02). BFV did not correlate with GA nor BW (r = - 0.2 and r = - 0.05, p > 0.05). Regression analysis with mixed models demonstrated that BFV increased by 1.2 for every kilogram of CW, by 0.34 for every week of CA, and by 0.36 for every week of PMA (p = 0.03, 0.004, 0.007, respectively). Our findings indicate that increased age and weight are associated with increased ocular BFV measured using LSCI in premature infants. Future studies investigating the associations between ocular BFV and ROP clinical severity must control for age and/or weight of the infant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euna Cho
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Urjita Das
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel Shats
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shaiza Mansoor
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - He Eun Forbes
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jason Zhou
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ria Kapoor
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sera Chase
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Madi Kore
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristin Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Osamah Saeedi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sripriya Sundararajan
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Moran Roni Levin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laurence Magder
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janet Leath Alexander
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Stein JD, Zhou Y, Andrews CA, Kim JE, Addis V, Bixler J, Grove N, McMillan B, Munir SZ, Pershing S, Schultz JS, Stagg BC, Wang SY, Woreta F. Using Natural Language Processing to Identify Different Lens Pathology in Electronic Health Records. Am J Ophthalmol 2024; 262:153-160. [PMID: 38296152 PMCID: PMC11098689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2024.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nearly all published ophthalmology-related Big Data studies rely exclusively on International Classification of Diseases (ICD) billing codes to identify patients with particular ocular conditions. However, inaccurate or nonspecific codes may be used. We assessed whether natural language processing (NLP), as an alternative approach, could more accurately identify lens pathology. DESIGN Database study comparing the accuracy of NLP versus ICD billing codes to properly identify lens pathology. METHODS We developed an NLP algorithm capable of searching free-text lens exam data in the electronic health record (EHR) to identify the type(s) of cataract present, cataract density, presence of intraocular lenses, and other lens pathology. We applied our algorithm to 17.5 million lens exam records in the Sight Outcomes Research Collaborative (SOURCE) repository. We selected 4314 unique lens-exam entries and asked 11 clinicians to assess whether all pathology present in the entries had been correctly identified in the NLP algorithm output. The algorithm's sensitivity at accurately identifying lens pathology was compared with that of the ICD codes. RESULTS The NLP algorithm correctly identified all lens pathology present in 4104 of the 4314 lens-exam entries (95.1%). For less common lens pathology, algorithm findings were corroborated by reviewing clinicians for 100% of mentions of pseudoexfoliation material and 99.7% for phimosis, subluxation, and synechia. Sensitivity at identifying lens pathology was better for NLP (0.98 [0.96-0.99] than for billing codes (0.49 [0.46-0.53]). CONCLUSIONS Our NLP algorithm identifies and classifies lens abnormalities routinely documented by eye-care professionals with high accuracy. Such algorithms will help researchers to properly identify and classify ocular pathology, broadening the scope of feasible research using real-world data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Stein
- From the W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (J.D.S., Y.Z., C.A.A., J.B.); Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (J.D.S.).
| | - Yunshu Zhou
- From the W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (J.D.S., Y.Z., C.A.A., J.B.)
| | - Chris A Andrews
- From the W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (J.D.S., Y.Z., C.A.A., J.B.)
| | - Judy E Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA (J.E.K.)
| | - Victoria Addis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA (V.A.)
| | - Jill Bixler
- From the W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (J.D.S., Y.Z., C.A.A., J.B.)
| | - Nathan Grove
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA (N.G.)
| | - Brian McMillan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA (B.M.)
| | - Saleha Z Munir
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (S.Z.M.)
| | - Suzann Pershing
- Byers Eye Institute at Stanford, Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA (S.P., S.Y.W.); VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA (S.P.)
| | - Jeffrey S Schultz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Montefiore Medical Center, New York, New York, USA (J.S.S.)
| | - Brian C Stagg
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (B.C.S.)
| | - Sophia Y Wang
- Byers Eye Institute at Stanford, Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA (S.P., S.Y.W.)
| | - Fasika Woreta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA (F.W.)
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Minturn R, Hartigan K, Vegunta S, Boente C, Golzarri-Arroyo L, Hynes E, Laughlin E, Haider K, Kua KL. Efficacy of supplemental oxygen in reducing the need for laser or intravitreal bevacizumab in preterm infants with stage 2 retinopathy of prematurity. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:220. [PMID: 38790043 PMCID: PMC11127286 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03483-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease that affects preterm infants born younger than 30 weeks of gestation. The pathophysiology of ROP involves an initial vaso-obliterative phase followed by vaso-proliferative phase that leads to disease progression. The use of supplemental oxygen during the vaso-proliferative phase of ROP has been associated with reduced disease progression, but how this impacts the need for ROP treatment is unclear. The goal of this study was to compare the rate of laser or intravitreal bevacizumab after implementation of a new supplemental oxygen therapy protocol in preterm infants with stage 2 ROP. METHODS This is a retrospective chart review of preterm infants diagnosed with stage 2 ROP at Riley Hospital for Children between 1/2017 and 12/2022. Patients diagnosed between 1/2017 and 6/2020 were classified as Cohort A, preprotocol implementation. Patients diagnosed from 8/2020 to 12/2022 were classified as Cohort B, postprotocol implementation. In Cohort A, oxygen saturation was kept at 91-95% through the entire hospitalization. In Cohort B, oxygen saturation was increased to 97-99% as soon as Stage 2 ROP was diagnosed. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square and Student's T test, followed by multivariate analyses to determine the impact of the oxygen protocol on the need for ROP treatment. RESULTS A total of 211 patients were diagnosed with stage 2 ROP between 1/2017 and 12/2022. Of those patients, 122 were before protocol implementation therapy (Cohort A), and 89 were after implementation of supplemental oxygen protocol (Cohort B). Gestational age was slightly higher in Cohort B (Cohort A 25.3 ± 1.9, Cohort B 25.8 ± 1.84, p = 0.04). There was no difference in birth weight, NEC, BPD, or survival. Cohort B had lesser need for invasive mechanical ventilation and higher days on CPAP during hospitalization. Notably, Cohort A had 67 (55%) patients treated with laser photocoagulation or intravitreal bevacizumab versus 20 (22%) patients in Cohort B (OR 0.19, 0.08-0.40). CONCLUSION The need for laser photocoagulation or intravitreal bevacizumab was significantly decreased in high-risk patients treated with the supplemental oxygen protocol. This result supports the idea that targeted supplemental oxygen therapy to keep saturations between 97 and 99% can reduce disease progression in infants with stage 2 ROP and potentially decrease the burden of additional procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Minturn
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kelly Hartigan
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sravanthi Vegunta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Charline Boente
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lilian Golzarri-Arroyo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hynes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Elleen Laughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal- Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kathryn Haider
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Kok Lim Kua
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal- Perinatal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Moss HE, Wiener L, Rizy C, Baxi S, Kocher M, Torres AZ, Mbagwu M. Multi-registry analysis of patients with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica to improve capture of demographic data and compare visual outcomes. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 84:105499. [PMID: 38387161 PMCID: PMC10978241 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The American Academy of Neurology Axon Registry® provides real-world data for patients with multiple sclerosis and neuro-myelitis optica. However, some data are incomplete (e.g. demographics) and some relevant outcomes are not systematically captured in neurology documentation (e.g. visual acuity). The American Academy of Ophthalmology IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight) contains demographic and visual function data that may complement Axon Registry-derived data to enhance understanding of real-world visual outcomes in neurological disease. OBJECTIVE To combine Axon Registry and IRIS Registry data to reduce missingness of demographic information and characterize visual outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis and neuro-myelitis optica. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Outpatient neurology and ophthalmology clinical practices. PARTICIPANTS Patients participating in both registries between January 1, 2014 through December 10, 2021 were included if they had repeat ICD-9/10 codes for with multiple sclerosis or neuro-myelitis optica in the Axon registry. EXPOSURE Diagnosis (multiple sclerosis or neuro-myelitis optica). MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURE Age, sex, race and ethnicity were assessed in the individual registries and classified as conflicting, missing, or not missing in the combined data set. The IRIS Registry contributed visual acuity data. RESULTS Among 60,316 patients with multiple sclerosis and 1,068 patients with neuro-myelitis optica in the Axon Registry, 14,085 and 252 had temporal overlap in the IRIS Registry. Combining data reduced missing or conflicting data for race and ethnicity by 15-19 % (absolute reduction, all p ≤ 0.0005), but not age (p = 1.0) or gender (p = 0.08). 10,907 patients with MS and 142 with NMO had visual acuity data in the IRIS Registry. Visual acuity averaged between eyes was worse in patients with NMO after adjusting for age and gender (0.17 logMAR, 95 %CI 0.12,0.21, p < 0.0005). CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Using data from two registries reduced missing data for race and ethnicity and enabled examination of outcomes captured in the IRIS Registry for conditions that are diagnosed more frequently in the Axon Registry, demonstrating the utility of a multi-registry analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather E Moss
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States; Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
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Meyer C, Moshfeghi DM. Management of Icteric Vitreous, Retinal Opacification, and Atypical Retinopathy of Prematurity. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2024; 55:164-167. [PMID: 38270566 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20231206-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
A dichorionic, diamniotic twin born at 24-0/7 weeks and 740 g developed hyperbilirubinemia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis. Photographic imaging documented vitreous opacification, which was absent in the fellow twin. Retinal opacification was presumed secondary to embolic sepsis and responded to systemic antibiotics. Subsequent dropout of vascularized retina corresponded to areas of retinal opacification. Type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)-Zone I, Stage 3 ROP bilateral-demonstrated a rapid and durable response to off-label intravitreal bevacizumab 0.625 mg. Retinal opacification resolved between 39 and 40 weeks postmenstrual age. Systemic comorbidities may alter the appearance, course, and management of ROP. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2024;55:164-167.].
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Cho E, Das U, Sidelnikov D, Balasubramanian T, Shats D, Mansoor S, Forbes HE, Zhou J, Kapoor R, Chase S, Kore M, Williams K, Saeedi O, Sundararajan S, Levin MR, Magder L, Alexander J. Retinal blood flow association with age and weight in infants at risk for retinopathy of prematurity. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3909449. [PMID: 38464120 PMCID: PMC10925429 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3909449/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
This prospective study evaluated the relationship between laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) ocular blood flow velocity (BFV) and five birth parameters: gestational age (GA), postmenstrual age (PMA), and chronological age (CA) at the time of measurement, birth weight (BW), and current weight (CW) in preterm neonates at risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).38 Neonates with BW < 2 kg, GA < 32 weeks, and PMA between 27-47 weeks underwent 91 LSCI sessions. Correlation tests and regression analysis were performed to quantify relationships between birth parameters and ocular BFV. Mean ocular BFV index in this cohort was 8.8 +/- 4.0 IU. BFV positively correlated with PMA (r = 0.3, p = 0.01), CA (r = 0.3, p = 0.005), and CW (r = 0.3, p = 0.02). BFV did not correlate with GA nor BW (r=-0.2 and r=-0.05, p > 0.05). Regression analysis with mixed models demonstrated that BFV increased by 1.2 for every kilogram of CW, by 0.34 for every week of CA, and by 0.36 for every week of PMA (p = 0.03, 0.004, 0.007, respectively). Our findings indicate that increased age and weight are associated with increased ocular BFV measured using LSCI in premature infants. Future studies investigating the associations between ocular BFV and ROP clinical severity must control for age and/or weight of the infant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euna Cho
- University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | - Urjita Das
- University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jason Zhou
- University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | - Ria Kapoor
- University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | - Sera Chase
- University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | - Madi Kore
- University of Maryland School of Medicine
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Xie EF, Hilkert Rodriguez S, Xie B, D’Souza M, Reem G, Sulakhe D, Skondra D. Identifying novel candidate compounds for therapeutic strategies in retinopathy of prematurity via computational drug-gene association analysis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1151239. [PMID: 37492605 PMCID: PMC10365641 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1151239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the leading cause of preventable childhood blindness worldwide. Although interventions such as anti-VEGF and laser have high success rates in treating severe ROP, current treatment and preventative strategies still have their limitations. Thus, we aim to identify drugs and chemicals for ROP with comprehensive safety profiles and tolerability using a computational bioinformatics approach. Methods We generated a list of genes associated with ROP to date by querying PubMed Gene which draws from animal models, human studies, and genomic studies in the NCBI database. Gene enrichment analysis was performed on the ROP gene list with the ToppGene program which draws from multiple drug-gene interaction databases to predict compounds with significant associations to the ROP gene list. Compounds with significant toxicities or without known clinical indications were filtered out from the final drug list. Results The NCBI query identified 47 ROP genes with pharmacologic annotations present in ToppGene. Enrichment analysis revealed multiple drugs and chemical compounds related to the ROP gene list. The top ten most significant compounds associated with ROP include ascorbic acid, simvastatin, acetylcysteine, niacin, castor oil, penicillamine, curcumin, losartan, capsaicin, and metformin. Antioxidants, NSAIDs, antihypertensives, and anti-diabetics are the most common top drug classes derived from this analysis, and many of these compounds have potential to be readily repurposed for ROP as new prevention and treatment strategies. Conclusion This bioinformatics analysis creates an unbiased approach for drug discovery by identifying compounds associated to the known genes and pathways of ROP. While predictions from bioinformatic studies require preclinical/clinical studies to validate their results, this technique could certainly guide future investigations for pathologies like ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward F. Xie
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sarah Hilkert Rodriguez
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Bingqing Xie
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mark D’Souza
- Center for Research Informatics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gonnah Reem
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dinanath Sulakhe
- Center for Research Informatics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dimitra Skondra
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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