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Khalid S, Kearney M, McReynolds DE. Can social adversity alter the epigenome, trigger oral disease, and affect future generations? Ir J Med Sci 2024:10.1007/s11845-024-03697-3. [PMID: 38740675 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-024-03697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The nature versus nurture debate has intrigued scientific circles for decades. Although extensive research has established a clear relationship between genetics and disease development, recent evidence has highlighted the insufficiency of attributing adverse health outcomes to genetic factors alone. In fact, it has been suggested that environmental influences, such as socioeconomic position (SEP), may play a much larger role in the development of disease than previously thought, with extensive research suggesting that low SEP is associated with adverse health conditions. In relation to oral health, a higher prevalence of caries (tooth decay) exists among those of low SEP. Although little is known about the biological mechanisms underlying this relationship, epigenetic modifications resulting from environmental influences have been suggested to play an important role. This review explores the intersection of health inequalities and epigenetics, the role of early-life social adversity and its long-term epigenetic impacts, and how those living within the lower hierarchies of the socioeconomic pyramid are indeed at higher risk of developing diseases, particularly in relation to oral health. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms could lead to the development of targeted interventions for individuals of low SEP to improve oral health or identify those who are at higher risk of developing oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakr Khalid
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michaela Kearney
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David E McReynolds
- Dublin Dental University Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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2
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McCarthy C, Sacco J, Fedele S, Ho M, Porter S, Liloglou T, Greenhalf B, Robinson M, Young B, Cicconi S, Chauhan S, Tesfaye B, Jackson R, Sherratt F, Shaw R. SAVER: sodium valproate for the epigenetic reprogramming of high-risk oral epithelial dysplasia-a phase II randomised control trial study protocol. Trials 2021; 22:428. [PMID: 34225765 PMCID: PMC8256209 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05373-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sodium valproate (VPA) has been associated with a reduced risk of head and neck cancer development. The potential protective mechanism of action is believed to be via inhibition of histone deacetylase and subsequent epigenetic reprogramming. SAVER is a phase IIb open-label, randomised control trial of VPA as a chemopreventive agent in patients with high-risk oral epithelial dysplasia (OED). The aim of the trial is to gather preliminary evidence of the clinical and biological effects of VPA upon OED and assess the feasibility and acceptability of such a trial, with a view to inform a future definitive phase III study. Methods One hundred and ten patients with high-risk OED will be recruited from up to 10 secondary care sites in the UK and randomised into either VPA or observation only for 4 months. Women of childbearing potential will be excluded due to the teratogenic properties of VPA. Tissue and blood samples will be collected prior to randomisation and on the last day of the intervention/observation-only period (end of 4 months). Clinical measurement and additional safety bloods will be taken at multiple time points during the trial. The primary outcome will be a composite, surrogate endpoint of change in lesion size, change in grade of dysplasia and change in LOH profile at 8 key microsatellite regions. Feasibility outcomes will include recruitment targets, compliance with the study protocol and adverse effects. A qualitative sub-study will explore patient experience and perception of the trial. Discussion The current management options for patients with high-risk OED are limited and mostly include surgical resection and clinical surveillance. However, there remains little evidence whether surgery can effectively lead to a notable reduction in the risk of oral cancer development. Similarly, surveillance is associated with concerns regarding delayed diagnosis of OED progressing to malignancy. The SAVER trial provides an opportunity to investigate the effects of a repurposed, inexpensive and well-tolerated medication as a potential chemopreventive strategy for patients with high-risk OED. The clinical and biological findings of SAVER will inform the appropriateness, design and feasibility of a definitive phase III trial. Trial registration The trial is registered with the European Clinical Trials Database (Eudra-CT 2018-000197-30). (http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN12448611). The trial was prospectively registered on 24/04/2018. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-021-05373-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline McCarthy
- Department of Oral Medicine, Liverpool University Dental Hospital, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5PS, UK.
| | - Joseph Sacco
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, The University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Stefano Fedele
- University College London, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, 21 University Street, London, WC1E 6DE, UK
| | - Michael Ho
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Leeds Dental Institute, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - Stephen Porter
- University College London, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, 21 University Street, London, WC1E 6DE, UK
| | - Triantafillos Liloglou
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, The University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Bill Greenhalf
- GCP Laboratory Facility, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, 3rd Floor UCD Block, Duncan Building, Daulby Street, Liverpool, L69 3GA, UK
| | - Max Robinson
- Dept of Cellular Pathology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Bridget Young
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Institute of Psychology, Health and Society, University of Liverpool, Whelan Building, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GB, UK
| | - Silvia Cicconi
- Liverpool Clinical Trials Centre, Block C, Waterhouse Building, 1-3 Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - Seema Chauhan
- Liverpool Health Partners SPARK, 1st Floor IC3, Liverpool Science Park, 131 Mount Pleasant, Liverpool, L3 5TF, UK
| | - Binyam Tesfaye
- Liverpool Clinical Trials Centre, University of Liverpool, 1st Floor, Mersey Bio, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Richard Jackson
- Liverpool Clinical Trials Centre, Block C, Waterhouse Building, 1-3 Brownlow Street, Liverpool, L69 3GL, UK
| | - Frances Sherratt
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, B209, 2nd Floor Block B, Waterhouse Building, 1-5 Dover Street, Liverpool, L3 5DA, UK
| | - Richard Shaw
- Liverpool Head and Neck Centre; Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, The University of Liverpool, 200 London Road, Liverpool, L3 9TA, UK
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3
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Emfietzoglou R, Pachymanolis E, Piperi C. Impact of Epigenetic Alterations in the Development of Oral Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1091-1103. [PMID: 31942842 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200114114802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic mechanisms alter gene expression and regulate vital cellular processes that contribute to the onset and progression of major dental diseases. Their reversible character may prove beneficial for therapeutic targeting. This review aims to provide an update on the main epigenetic changes that contribute to the pathogenesis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC), pulpitis and periodontitis as well as dental caries and congenital orofacial malformations, in an effort to identify potential therapeutic targets. METHODS We undertook a structured search of bibliographic databases (PubMed and MEDLINE) for peer-reviewed epigenetic research studies focused on oral diseases in the last ten years. A qualitative content analysis was performed in screened papers and a critical discussion of main findings is provided. RESULTS Several epigenetic modifications have been associated with OSCC pathogenesis, including promoter methylation of genes involved in DNA repair, cell cycle regulation and proliferation leading to malignant transformation. Additionally, epigenetic inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, overexpression of histone chaperones and several microRNAs are implicated in OSCC aggressiveness. Changes in the methylation patterns of IFN-γ and trimethylation of histone Η3Κ27 have been detected in pulpitis, along with an aberrant expression of several microRNAs, mainly affecting cytokine production. Chronic periodontal disease has been associated with modifications in the methylation patterns of Toll-Like Receptor 2, Prostaglandin synthase 2, E-cadherin and some inflammatory cytokines, along with the overexpression of miR-146a and miR155. Furthermore, DNA methylation was found to regulate amelogenesis and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of dental caries as well as in several congenital orofacial malformations. CONCLUSION Strong evidence indicates that epigenetic changes participate in the pathogenesis of oral diseases and epigenetic targeting may be considered as a complementary therapeutic scheme to the current management of oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodopi Emfietzoglou
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Pachymanolis
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivon Str, Goudi, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias street, 115 27 Athens, Greece
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4
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He Y, Tai S, Deng M, Fan Z, Ping F, He L, Zhang C, Huang Y, Cheng B, Xia J. Metformin and 4SC-202 synergistically promote intrinsic cell apoptosis by accelerating ΔNp63 ubiquitination and degradation in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2019; 8:3479-3490. [PMID: 31025540 PMCID: PMC6601594 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common and aggressive epithelial tumor in the head and neck region with a rising incidence. Despite the advances in basic science and clinical research, the overall survival rate of OSCC remains low. Thus finding novel effective therapeutic agents for OSCC is necessary. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of combined metformin and 4SC-202 in OSCC. Our results showed that metformin and 4SC-202 synergistically suppressed the proliferation and promoted the intrinsic apoptosis of OSCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, the proteasome inhibitor MG132 impeded the ΔNp63-decreasing effects after metformin and 4SC-202 treatment, indicating that metformin and 4SC-202 could promote the degradation of ΔNp63 protein. Moreover, ubiquitination level of ΔNp63 increased after metformin or/and 4SC-202 administration. Furthermore, we revealed that ΔNp63 mediated anticancer effects of metformin and 4SC-202, as overexpression or suppression of ΔNp63 could attenuate or facilitate the apoptosis rate of OSCC under metformin or/and 4SC-202 treatment. Collectively, metformin and 4SC-202 synergistically promote intrinsic apoptosis through accelerating ubiquitin-mediated degradation of ΔNp63 in OSCC, and this co-treatment can serve as a potential therapeutic scheme for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan He
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Tai
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Miao Deng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhaona Fan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fan Ping
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lihong He
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yulei Huang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Juan Xia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Jang B, Yang IH, Cho NP, Jin B, Lee W, Jung YC, Hong SD, Shin JA, Cho SD. Down-regulation and nuclear localization of survivin by sodium butyrate induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human oral mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2019; 88:160-167. [PMID: 30616788 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sodium butyrate (NaBu) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that possesses an apoptotic ability. However, the molecular mechanism by which NaBu induces apoptosis in human oral mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), a type of salivary gland tumor, remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anticancer effects of NaBu and its related molecular mechanisms were determined by trypan blue exclusion assay, 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, live/dead assay, human apoptosis array, RT-PCR, western blotting, immunocytochemistry, preparation of nuclear fractions, and nude mice tumor xenograft. RESULTS In this study, we found that NaBu inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in the human oral MEC cell lines MC3 and YD15 with acetylation of histone proteins H2A and H3. NaBu apparently down-regulated survivin protein, as evidenced by the results of the human apoptosis antibody array, and modulated it at the post-translational process. Interestingly, NaBu caused nuclear translocation of survivin protein in both cell lines. NaBu also resulted in decreased expression levels of Bcl-xL mRNA and protein, leading to induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis in human oral MEC cell lines. In addition, NaBu administration inhibited tumor growth in vivo at a dosage of 500 mg/kg/day, but it did not cause any hepatic or renal toxicity. CONCLUSION This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of apoptotic actions by NaBu in human oral MEC and the basis of its clinical application for the treatment of human oral MEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boonsil Jang
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Sorabol College, Gyeongju 38063, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hyoung Yang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience and Biodegradable Material, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Pyo Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience and Biodegradable Material, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohwan Jin
- Laboratory Animal Center, CHA University, CHA Biocomplex, Sampyeong-dong, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - WonWoo Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, CHA University, CHA Biocomplex, Sampyeong-dong, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Chan Jung
- Chaon, 301-3, 240, Pangyoyeok-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Doo Hong
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Shin
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Dae Cho
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
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Grabarska A, Łuszczki JJ, Nowosadzka E, Gumbarewicz E, Jeleniewicz W, Dmoszyńska-Graniczka M, Kowalczuk K, Kupisz K, Polberg K, Stepulak A. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor SAHA as Potential Targeted Therapy Agent for Larynx Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2017; 8:19-28. [PMID: 28123594 PMCID: PMC5264036 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in the head and neck region. Due to the poor response to chemotherapeutics in patients and low survival rate, successful treatment of larynx cancer still remains a challenge. Therefore, the identification of novel treatment options is needed. We investigated the anticancer effects of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on two different laryngeal cancer cell lines RK33 and RK45. We also studied the antiproliferative action of SAHA in combination with cisplatin and defined the type of pharmacological interaction between these drugs. Materials and Methods: Viability and proliferation of larynx cancer cell lines were studied by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide method and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation assay, respectively. The type of interaction between SAHA and cisplatin was determined by an isobolographic analysis. Western blotting, flow cytometry and quantitative polymerase chain reaction method were used to determine acetylation of histone H3, cell cycle progression and genes expression, respectively. Apoptosis was assessed by means of nucleosomes released to cytosol. Results: SAHA alone or in combination with cisplatin inhibited larynx cancer cells proliferation, whereas displayed relatively low toxicity against normal cells - primary cultures of human skin fibroblasts. The mixture of SAHA with cisplatin exerted additive and synergistic interaction in RK33 and RK45 cells, respectively. We showed that SAHA induced hyperacetylation of histone H3 K9, K14 and K23 and triggered apoptosis. SAHA also caused cell cycle arrest by upregulation of CDKN1A and downregulation of CCND1 encoding p21WAF1/CIP1 and cyclin D1 proteins, respectively. Conclusion: Our studies demonstrated that SAHA may be considered as a potential therapeutic agent against larynx tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Grabarska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Jarogniew J Łuszczki
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.; Isobolographic Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Nowosadzka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Gumbarewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Witold Jeleniewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Krystyna Kowalczuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kupisz
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Specialist District Hospital, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.; Department of Otolaryngology, MSWiA Hospital, Poland
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7
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Bundela S, Sharma A, Bisen PS. Potential Compounds for Oral Cancer Treatment: Resveratrol, Nimbolide, Lovastatin, Bortezomib, Vorinostat, Berberine, Pterostilbene, Deguelin, Andrographolide, and Colchicine. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141719. [PMID: 26536350 PMCID: PMC4633227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in South-Asian countries. There are very limited treatment options available for oral cancer. Research endeavors focused on discovery and development of novel therapies for oral cancer, is necessary to control the ever rising oral cancer related mortalities. We mined the large pool of compounds from the publicly available compound databases, to identify potential therapeutic compounds for oral cancer. Over 84 million compounds were screened for the possible anti-cancer activity by custom build SVM classifier. The molecular targets of the predicted anti-cancer compounds were mined from reliable sources like experimental bioassays studies associated with the compound, and from protein-compound interaction databases. Therapeutic compounds from DrugBank, and a list of natural anti-cancer compounds derived from literature mining of published studies, were used for building partial least squares regression model. The regression model thus built, was used for the estimation of oral cancer specific weights based on the molecular targets. These weights were used to compute scores for screening the predicted anti-cancer compounds for their potential to treat oral cancer. The list of potential compounds was annotated with corresponding physicochemical properties, cancer specific bioactivity evidences, and literature evidences. In all, 288 compounds with the potential to treat oral cancer were identified in the current study. The majority of the compounds in this list are natural products, which are well-tolerated and have minimal side-effects compared to the synthetic counterparts. Some of the potential therapeutic compounds identified in the current study are resveratrol, nimbolide, lovastatin, bortezomib, vorinostat, berberine, pterostilbene, deguelin, andrographolide, and colchicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Bundela
- Defence Research Development Establishment, Defence Research Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Govt. of India, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Department of Postgraduate Studies & Research in Biological Sciences, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anjana Sharma
- Department of Postgraduate Studies & Research in Biological Sciences, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Prakash S. Bisen
- Defence Research Development Establishment, Defence Research Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Govt. of India, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
- * E-mail:
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8
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Oncogenic roles of Bmi1 and its therapeutic inhibition by histone deacetylase inhibitor in tongue cancer. J Transl Med 2014; 94:1431-45. [PMID: 25286028 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2014.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The polycomb complex protein Bmi1 (B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 homolog) mediates epigenetic transcriptional silencing by modifying chromatin structure and is critical for stem cell homeostasis and tumorigenesis. Bmi1 is frequently overexpressed in human malignancies and therefore has key diagnostic and prognostic significance, and holds potential as a therapeutic target. Here we sought to characterize the expression patterns and oncogenic roles of Bmi1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma and to determine the anticancer effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) via Bmi1 inhibition against tongue cancer. Our data revealed that Bmi1 was aberrantly overexpressed in a significant portion of tongue cancers. Elevated Bmi1 is associated with cervical node metastasis, Ki-67 abundance and reduced overall survival, and also serves as an independent prognostic factor for patient outcomes. Short-hairpin RNA-mediated Bmi1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and migration, induced cell apoptosis and senescence, reduced colony formation and CD44(+)CD133(+) sub-population as well as enhanced cisplatin chemosensitivity, presumably by modulation of p16, p14 and E-cadherin. Moreover, HDACi chemicals Trichostatin A (TSA) and sodium butyrate (NaB) potently inhibited Bmi1 and triggered similar phenotypic changes reminiscent of Bmi1 silencing, although TSA treatment seemed paradoxically to induce some epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like changes in tongue cancer cells. Importantly, NaB-induced antitumor effects were partially attenuated by enforced Bmi1 overexpression in vitro. Genetic Bmi1 silencing and pharmacological inhibition of Bmi1 by NaB treatment significantly impaired tumor growth in a tongue cancer xenograft model. Taken together, our results indicate that Bmi1 serves as a key driver and biomarker with multiple oncogenic functions underlying tongue tumorigenesis. Selected appropriate HDACi compounds like NaB may represent novel therapeutic agents against tongue cancer.
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9
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Lee SY, Huang Z, Kang TH, Soong RS, Knoff J, Axenfeld E, Wang C, Alvarez RD, Chen CS, Hung CF, Wu TC. Histone deacetylase inhibitor AR-42 enhances E7-specific CD8⁺ T cell-mediated antitumor immunity induced by therapeutic HPV DNA vaccination. J Mol Med (Berl) 2013; 91:1221-31. [PMID: 23715898 PMCID: PMC3783646 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-013-1054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We have previously created a potent DNA vaccine encoding calreticulin linked to the human papillomavirus (HPV) oncogenic protein E7 (CRT/E7). While treatment with the CRT/E7 DNA vaccine generates significant tumor-specific immune responses in vaccinated mice, the potency with the DNA vaccine could potentially be improved by co-administration of a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) as HDACi has been shown to increase the expression of MHC class I and II molecules. Thus, we aimed to determine whether co-administration of a novel HDACi, AR-42, with therapeutic HPV DNA vaccines could improve the activation of HPV antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells, resulting in potent therapeutic antitumor effects. To do so, HPV-16 E7-expressing murine TC-1 tumor-bearing mice were treated orally with AR-42 and/or CRT/E7 DNA vaccine via gene gun. Mice were monitored for E7-specific CD8(+) T cell immune responses and antitumor effects. TC-1 tumor-bearing mice treated with AR-42 and CRT/E7 DNA vaccine experienced longer survival, decreased tumor growth, and enhanced E7-specific immune response compared to mice treated with AR-42 or CRT/E7 DNA vaccine alone. Additionally, treatment of TC-1 cells with AR-42 increased the surface expression of MHC class I molecules and increased the susceptibility of tumor cells to the cytotoxicity of E7-specific T cells. This study indicates the ability of AR-42 to significantly enhance the potency of the CRT/E7 DNA vaccine by improving tumor-specific immune responses and antitumor effects. Both AR-42 and CRT/E7 DNA vaccines have been used in independent clinical trials; the current study serves as foundation for future clinical trials combining both treatments in cervical cancer therapy. KEY MESSAGE AR-42, a novel HDAC inhibitor, enhances potency of therapeutic HPV DNA vaccines AR-42 treatment leads to strong E7-specific CD8+ T cell immune responses AR-42 improves tumor-specific immunity and antitumor effects elicited by HPV DNA vaccine AR-42 is more potent than clinically available HDACi in combination with HPV DNA vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Yong Lee
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Zhuomin Huang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tae Heung Kang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ruey-Shyang Soong
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Jayne Knoff
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ellen Axenfeld
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Comprehensive Cancer Center Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ronald D. Alvarez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Ching-Shih Chen
- Division of Medical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - T.-C. Wu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Sato D, Kondo S, Yazawa K, Mukudai Y, Li C, Kamatani T, Katsuta H, Yoshihama Y, Shirota T, Shintani S. The potential anticancer activity of extracts derived from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis on human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Mol Clin Oncol 2012; 1:105-111. [PMID: 24649131 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2012.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Various herb products derived from plants have potent biological effects including anticancer activity. In the present study, the antitumor activity of a herbal product derived from the Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis) was examined, using in vitro assays in a human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell line. Results showed that S. baicalensis root extract at the concentration of 100 μg/ml inhibited monolayer- and anchorage-independent growth in human OSCC cell lines, while not affecting the adhering abilities of cells. This suggested that it did not alter the expression of any of the adhesion receptors that mediate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. The S. baicalensis root extract demonstrated potent cytostatic and apoptotic effects due to the downregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 expression and its partner cyclin D1, resulting in G1 arrest and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Additionally, the S. baicalensis root extract was found to have blocked vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced migration and tube formation in human endothelial cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that as a herbal product, the S. baicalensis root extract is a potential inhibitor of tumori- and angiogenesis and may be valuable in the development of pharmaceutical medications for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sato
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Seiji Kondo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Kazunaga Yazawa
- Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Science, Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Mukudai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Chunnan Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Takaaki Kamatani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Hideyuki Katsuta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Yasuto Yoshihama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Tatsuo Shirota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
| | - Satoru Shintani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Ota-ku, Tokyo 145-8515
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11
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Chien CW, Yao JH, Chang SY, Lee PC, Lee TC. Enhanced suppression of tumor growth by concomitant treatment of human lung cancer cells with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and arsenic trioxide. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 257:59-66. [PMID: 21889949 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 08/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of arsenic trioxide (ATO) against acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and relapsed APL has been well documented. ATO may cause DNA damage by generating reactive oxygen intermediates. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, modulates gene and protein expression via histone-dependent or -independent pathways that may result in chromatin decondensation, cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis. We investigated whether ATO and SAHA act synergistically to enhance the death of cancer cells. Our current findings showed that combined treatment with ATO and SAHA resulted in enhanced suppression of non-small-cell lung carcinoma in vitro in H1299 cells and in vivo in a xenograft mouse model. Flow cytometric analysis of annexin V+ cells showed that apoptotic cell death was significantly enhanced after combined treatment with ATO and SAHA. At the doses used, ATO did not interfere with cell cycle progression, but SAHA induced p21 expression and led to G1 arrest. A Comet assay demonstrated that ATO, but not SAHA, induced DNA strand breaks in H1299 cells; however, co-treatment with SAHA significantly increased ATO-induced DNA damage. Moreover, SAHA enhanced acetylation of histone H3 and sensitized genomic DNA to DNase I digestion. Our results suggest that SAHA may cause chromatin relaxation and increase cellular susceptibility to ATO-induced DNA damage. Combined administration of SAHA and ATO may be an effective approach to the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Chien
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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12
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Yasuda A, Kondo S, Nagumo T, Tsukamoto H, Mukudai Y, Umezawa K, Shintani S. Anti-tumor activity of dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin against human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Oral Oncol 2011; 47:334-9. [PMID: 21459660 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Several reports have indicated that nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is constitutively activated in a variety of cancer cells including human oral squamous carcinoma cells, and play a key role in their growth and survival. Recent studies report that NF-κB inhibitor, dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ), inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines. However this anti-tumor effects are still unknown in end human oral squamous carcinoma cells. In the present study, we investigated the effects of DHMEQ on oral squamous carcinoma cell (OSCC) lines in vitro and in vivo. Human OSCC cell lines (HSC-3, SAS) were treated with DHMEQ and examined for cell viability by MTT assay, cell cycle distribution by flow-cytometry, apoptosis by TUNEL assay, and protein expression by western blotting, respectively. In vivo activities were also investigated in a mouse xenograft model. DHMEQ inhibited growth of two OSCC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner measured by MTT assay. A flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that treatment with DHMEQ induced accumulation in sub-G1 phase. TUNEL assay showed that DHMEQ induced DNA fragmentation. Protein expression by western blotting analysis revealed that DHMEQ induced nuclear down regulation of Survivin, cIAP-1, and cIAP-2. In nude mice, DHMEQ inhibited growth of OSCC without major toxic side effects. The present results demonstrated that administration of DHMEQ is suggested to be a novel anti-tumor approach to the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arisa Yasuda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Showa University, 2-1-1 Kitasenzoku, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan.
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13
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Jazirehi AR. Regulation of apoptosis-associated genes by histone deacetylase inhibitors: implications in cancer therapy. Anticancer Drugs 2010; 21:805-13. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e32833dad91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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