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Ciani L, Libonati A, Dri M, Pomella S, Campanella V, Barillari G. About a Possible Impact of Endodontic Infections by Fusobacterium nucleatum or Porphyromonas gingivalis on Oral Carcinogenesis: A Literature Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5083. [PMID: 38791123 PMCID: PMC11121237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is linked to the onset and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), an epidemiologically frequent and clinically aggressive malignancy. In this context, Fusobacterium (F.) nucleatum and Porphyromonas (P.) gingivalis, two bacteria that cause periodontitis, are found in OSCC tissues as well as in oral premalignant lesions, where they exert pro-tumorigenic activities. Since the two bacteria are present also in endodontic diseases, playing a role in their pathogenesis, here we analyze the literature searching for information on the impact that endodontic infection by P. gingivalis or F. nucleatum could have on cellular and molecular events involved in oral carcinogenesis. Results from the reviewed papers indicate that infection by P. gingivalis and/or F. nucleatum triggers the production of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in dental pulp cells or periodontal cells, affecting the survival, proliferation, invasion, and differentiation of OSCC cells. In addition, the two bacteria and the cytokines they induce halt the differentiation and stimulate the proliferation and invasion of stem cells populating the dental pulp or the periodontium. Although most of the literature confutes the possibility that bacteria-induced endodontic inflammatory diseases could impact on oral carcinogenesis, the papers we have analyzed and discussed herein recommend further investigations on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Ciani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Antonio Libonati
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Catholic University of Our Lady of Good Counsel of Tirane, 1001 Tirana, Albania;
| | - Maria Dri
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Silvia Pomella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Campanella
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Giovanni Barillari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.C.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
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Aarstad HH, Moe SEE, Lybak S, Bruserud Ø, Tvedt THA, Aarstad HJ. Plasma IL-1 and IL-6 Family Cytokines with Soluble Receptor Levels at Diagnosis in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: High Levels Predict Decreased Five-Year Disease-Specific and Overall Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1484. [PMID: 38672565 PMCID: PMC11048558 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Activation of the acute-phase cascade (APC) has been correlated with outcomes in various cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Primary drivers of the APC are the cytokines within the interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1 families. Plasma levels of IL-6 family cytokines/soluble receptors (IL-6, IL-27, IL-31, OSM, CNTF, soluble (s-)gp130, s-IL-6Rα) and IL-1 family members (IL-1RA, s-IL-33Rα) were determined at diagnosis for 87 human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative (-) HNSCC patients. We then studied the 5-year Disease-Specific Survival (DSS) and Overall Survival (OS). Increased plasma levels of IL-6 (p < 0.001/p < 0.001) (DSS/OS), IL-31 (p = 0.044/p = 0.07), IL-1RA (p = 0.004/p = 0.035), soluble (s)-IL-6Rα p = 0.022/p = 0.035), and s-gp130 (p = 0.007/p = 0.003) at diagnosis were predictors of both OS and DSS from HPV(-) HNSCC patients. The cytokine DSS/OS predictions were associated with TNM stage and smoking history, whereas the soluble receptors IL-6Rα, gp130, and IL33Rα more uniquely predicted DSS/OS. Clinically, IL-6 levels above 2.5 pg/mL yielded 75% specificity and 70% sensitivity for DSS. In conclusion, high plasma levels of IL-6, IL-31, and IL-1RA, as well as the soluble receptors IL-6Rα, gp130, and IL33Rα, predicted clinical outcome. This shows their potential as candidates for both general therapy and immune therapy stratification, as well as being future platforms for the development of new immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Hersvik Aarstad
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (H.H.A.); (S.E.E.M.); (S.L.)
- Department of Surgery, Haraldsplass Deaconal Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | - Svein Erik Emblem Moe
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (H.H.A.); (S.E.E.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Stein Lybak
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (H.H.A.); (S.E.E.M.); (S.L.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Øystein Bruserud
- Section for Haematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Hans Jørgen Aarstad
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, 5009 Bergen, Norway; (H.H.A.); (S.E.E.M.); (S.L.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway
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3
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Hao P, Zhang P, Liu Y, Cao Y, Du L, Gao L, Dong Q. Network pharmacology and experiment validation investigate the potential mechanism of triptolide in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1302059. [PMID: 38259290 PMCID: PMC10800448 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1302059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of triptolide in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) via network pharmacology and experimental validation. Methods: The network pharmacological method was used to predict the key targets, detect the signal pathways for the treatment of OSCC, and screen the critical components and targets for molecular docking. Predicted targets were validated in cellular and xenograft mouse model. Results: In this study, we predicted action on 17 relevant targets of OSCC by network pharmacology. PPI network demonstrated that Jun, MAPK8, TP53, STAT3, VEGFA, IL2, CXCR4, PTGS2, IL4 might be the critical targets of triptolide in the treatment of OSCC. These potential targets are mainly closely related to JAK-STAT and MAPK signaling pathways. The analysis of molecular docking showed that triptolide has high affinity with Jun, MAPK8 and TP53. Triptolide can suppress the growth of OSCC cells and xenograft mice tumor, and downregulate the expression of Jun, MAPK8, TP53, STAT3, VEGFA, IL2, CXCR4, PTGS2 to achieve the therapeutic effect of OSCC. Conclusion: Through network pharmacological methods and experimental studies, we predicted and validated the potential targets and related pathways of triptolide for OSCC treatment. The results suggest that triptolide can inhibit the growth of OSCC via several key targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puyu Hao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Environmental and Operational Medicine Research Department, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- Environmental and Operational Medicine Research Department, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Environmental and Operational Medicine Research Department, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Environmental and Operational Medicine Research Department, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Lianqun Du
- Environmental and Operational Medicine Research Department, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qingyang Dong
- Environmental and Operational Medicine Research Department, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Tianjin, China
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Jiang M, Liu L, Huang W, Qi Y, Li Y, Li B. HMGB1-activated tumor-associated macrophages promote migration and invasion via NF-κB/IL-6 signaling in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111200. [PMID: 37988913 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a highly abundant cell population within the tumor microenvironment of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). Recent studies have identified an intricate cross-talk between cancer cells and macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was linked to metastasis and an unfavorable prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, it was significantly upregulated in moderately differentiated OSCC tissues and the OSCC cell lines CAL27 and SCC9. HMGB1 knockdown impedes the ability of TAMs to induce invasion and migration of OSCC cells. Phenotypic changes in macrophages were measured after incubation of supernatant from OSCC cells transfected with HMGB1 siRNA or supplemented with recombinant HMGB1. HMGB1 induced M1 polarization of macrophages and the secretion of IL-6 via the NF-κB pathway, contributing to the OSCC malignant migration. HMGB1 originating from OSCC cells, along with its downstream signaling pathways, holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for mitigating metastasis and improving the survival rate of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjing Jiang
- Experimental Teaching Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Luyao Liu
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Experimental Teaching Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ying Qi
- Experimental Teaching Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yafei Li
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Experimental Teaching Center, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang 110001, China.
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5
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Wu Y, Chen L, Feng C, Wang T, He S, Zheng D, Lin L. Antitumor effect of toosendanin on oral squamous cell carcinoma via suppression of p-STAT3. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:846. [PMID: 37946196 PMCID: PMC10634166 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03602-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toosendanin (TSN) exhibits potent antitumor activity against various tumor cell lines. However, its efficacy against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of TSN on OSCC cells in vitro and verified them in vivo using a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. METHODS The effect of TSN on OSCC cells was investigated by cytotoxicity assays and flow cytometry. The expression of proteins was detected by western blotting. An OSCC PDX model was constructed to further investigate the role of TSN in regulating the function of OSCC. RESULTS The cell viability of CAL27 and HN6 cells decreased as the concentration of TSN increased within the experimental range. Compared with controls, TSN at lower doses inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis through S-phase cell cycle arrest. TSN inhibited OSCC cell proliferation by downregulating the STAT3 pathway through the inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation. After successful construction of the OSCC PDX model with high pathological homology to the primary tumor and treatment with an intraperitoneal injection of TSN, we showed that TSN significantly reduced the tumor size of the PDX model mice without obvious toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Both in vitro and in vivo, TSN significantly inhibits the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of OSCC cells. Furthermore, TSN demonstrates potent inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation, indicating its potential as a promising therapeutic agent for OSCC. Therefore, TSN holds great promise as a viable drug candidate for the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Lingling Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Cheng Feng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shaohai He
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Dali Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Stomatological Key lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Lisong Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China.
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Orange ST, Leslie J, Ross M, Mann DA, Wackerhage H. The exercise IL-6 enigma in cancer. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:749-763. [PMID: 37633799 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-6 elicits both anticancer and procancer effects depending on the context, which we have termed the 'exercise IL-6 enigma'. IL-6 is released from skeletal muscles during exercise to regulate short-term energy availability. Exercise-induced IL-6 provokes biological effects that may protect against cancer by improving insulin sensitivity, stimulating the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, mobilising immune cells, and reducing DNA damage in early malignant cells. By contrast, IL-6 continuously produced by leukocytes in inflammatory sites drives tumorigenesis by promoting chronic inflammation and activating tumour-promoting signalling pathways. How can a molecule have such opposing effects on cancer? Here, we review the roles of IL-6 in chronic inflammation, tumorigenesis, and exercise-associated cancer prevention and define the factors that underpin the exercise IL-6 enigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T Orange
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Jack Leslie
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Bioscience Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mark Ross
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Bioscience Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Henning Wackerhage
- Department of Sport & Health Science, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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7
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Norouzi A, Liaghat M, Bakhtiyari M, Noorbakhsh Varnosfaderani SM, Zalpoor H, Nabi-Afjadi M, Molania T. The potential role of COVID-19 in progression, chemo-resistance, and tumor recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Oral Oncol 2023; 144:106483. [PMID: 37421672 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have revealed that cancer patients are more likely to develop severe Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which can cause mortality, as well as cancer progression and treatment failure. Among these patients who may be particularly vulnerable to severe COVID-19 and COVID-19-associated cancer progression are those with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In this regard, therapeutic approaches must be developed to lower the risk of cancer development, chemo-resistance, tumor recurrence, and death in OSCC patients with COVID-19. It may be helpful to comprehend the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contributes to these problems. In this line, in this review, we described the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms that SARS-CoV-2 can exert its role and based on them pharmacological targeted therapies were suggested. However, in this study, we encourage more investigations in the future to uncover other cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of SARS-CoV-2 to develop beneficial therapeutic strategies for such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Norouzi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahsa Liaghat
- Department of Medical Laboratory sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bakhtiyari
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of biological sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Molania
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Esmael A, Petro TM. IL-33 promotes increased replication of Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus in RAW264.7 macrophage cells with an IRF3-dependent response. Virus Res 2023; 323:199007. [PMID: 36414191 PMCID: PMC10194383 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.199007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33), which promotes M2 macrophage development, may influence the control of viruses, such as Theiler's Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus (TMEV) that infect macrophages. Because Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 (IRF3) is also critical to control of TMEV infection in macrophages, information on the relationship between IL-33 and IRF3 is important. Thus, RAW264.7 Lucia murine macrophage lineage cells with an endogenous IRF3-ISRE promoter driving secreted luciferase and IRF3KO RAW Lucia, a subline deficient in IRF3, were challenged with TMEV. After the challenge, considerable TMEV RNA detected at 18 and 24 h in RAW cells was significantly elevated in IRF3KO RAW cells. TMEV induction of ISRE-IRF3 promoter activity, IFN-β and IL-33 gene expression, and IL-6 and IL-10 protein production, which was strong in RAW cells, was less in IRF3KO RAW cells. In contrast, expression of CD206 and ARG1, classical M2 macrophage markers, was significantly elevated in IRF3KO RAW cells. Moreover, RAW and IRF3KO RAW cells produced extracellular IL-33 prior to and after infection with TMEV and antibody blockade of the IL-33 receptor, ST2, reduced CD206 and ARG1 expression, but increased IL-6 gene expression. Pre-treating both RAW and IRF3KO RAW cells with IL-33 prior to challenge significantly increased TMEV infection, but also increased IL-33, IL-10, IL-6 mRNA expression, and NO production without increasing IFN-β. Notably, IL-33 induction of IL-33, IRF3-ISRE promoter activity, and IL-10 by TMEV or poly I:C/IFN-γ was significantly dependent upon IRF3. The results show that the expression of IL-33 and the repression of M2 macrophage phenotypic markers are dependent on IRF3 and that IL-33 decreases the ability of macrophages to control infection with macrophage-tropic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Esmael
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt
| | - Thomas M Petro
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; Dept. of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA.
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STAT3 Inhibitors: A Novel Insight for Anticancer Therapy of Pancreatic Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101450. [PMID: 36291659 PMCID: PMC9599947 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) is a family of intracellular cytoplasmic transcription factors involved in many biological functions in mammalian signal transduction. Among them, STAT3 is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses. Despite the advances in the treatment of pancreatic cancer in the past decade, the prognosis for patients with pancreatic cancer remains poor. STAT3 has been shown to play a pro-cancer role in a variety of cancers, and inhibitors of STAT3 are used in pre-clinical and clinical studies. We reviewed the relationship between STAT3 and pancreatic cancer and the latest results on the use of STAT3 inhibitors in pancreatic cancer, with the aim of providing insights and ideas around STAT3 inhibitors for a new generation of chemotherapeutic modalities for pancreatic cancer.
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Khatoon E, Hegde M, Kumar A, Daimary UD, Sethi G, Bishayee A, Kunnumakkara AB. The multifaceted role of STAT3 pathway and its implication as a potential therapeutic target in oral cancer. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:507-534. [PMID: 35987863 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, and it has become a matter of serious concern due to the alarming rise in its incidence rate worldwide. Despite recent advancements in oral cancer treatment strategies, there are no significant improvements in patient's survival rate. Among the numerous cell signaling pathways involved in oral cancer development and progression, STAT3 is known to play a multifaceted oncogenic role in shaping the tumor pathophysiology. STAT3 hyperactivation in oral cancer contributes to survival, proliferation, invasion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, metastasis, immunosuppression, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis. A plethora of pre-clinical and clinical studies have documented the role of STAT3 in the initiation and development of oral cancer and showed that STAT3 inhibition holds significant potential in the prevention and treatment of this cancer. However, to date, targeting STAT3 activation mainly involves inhibiting the upstream signaling molecules such as JAK and IL-6 receptors. The major challenge in targeting STAT3 lies in the complexity of its phosphorylation- and dimerization-independent functions, which are not affected by disrupting the upstream regulators. The present review delineates the significance of the STAT3 pathway in regulating various hallmarks of oral cancer. In addition, it highlights the STAT3 inhibitors identified to date through various preclinical and clinical studies that can be employed for the therapeutic intervention in oral cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Khatoon
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India. .,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039, Assam, India.
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