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Liang J, Yi Y, Li X, Yuan Y, Yang S, Li X, Zhu Z, Lei M, Meng Q, Zhai Y. Detecting changes in water level caused by climate, land cover and dam construction in interconnected river-lake systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147692. [PMID: 34022570 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing recognition of the broader environmental significance of exploring the relative importance of climate change and anthropogenic impacts on hydrologic fluctuations in river-lake systems. In the case of Dongting Lake, the typical river-lake system, we collected the water level from 1990 to 2019, spanning before and after the operation of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) in 2003. This study was conducted to detect water level fluctuations in Dongting Lake and to quantify the relative influence of climate, land cover and dam construction on water levels. We defined the impact of the dam construction as the three inlets inflow of Yangtze River (In-YR), and four waters inflow of Hunan (In-HN). The Mann-Kendall (M-K) test revealed the trends and change points of water level fluctuations. Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to detect the direct and indirect effects of these factors on water level and quantify their relative importance. The MIKE21 hydrodynamic model reflected the spatial-temporal variability of water levels under the action of key driver. The results showed that the water level appeared a downward trend during 1990-2019 and the change point appeared in 2003; During 1990-2002, the significant factors were: precipitation (V = 0.469, P = 0.013), evaporation (V = -0.424, P = 0.029), non-agricultural cover (V = -0.334, P = 0.025), and agricultural cover (V = 0.235, P = 0.033); During 2003-2019, the significant factors were: In-YR (V = 0.436, P = 0.007), In-HN (V = 0.431, P = 0.012), and precipitation (V = 0.349, P = 0.045); The In-YR was the key factor affecting the changes of the water level during 1990-2019; Under the influence of In-YR, the most obvious fluctuation of water level was in the flood adjustment period (Jun-Aug) and the impoundment period (Sep-Nov) when the average declined by about 0.50 and 0.67 m, respectively. Our findings provide a new insight into how to better maintain the stability of river-water system water resources under the influence of multiple factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Yuru Yi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Yujie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources, Institute of Hydroecology, Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Suhang Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ziqian Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Manqin Lei
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qianfang Meng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yeqing Zhai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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Costabile A, Musso P, Iannello NM, Servidio R, Bartolo MG, Palermiti AL, Scardigno R. Adolescent Psychological Well-being, Radicalism, and Activism: The Mediating Role of Social Disconnectedness and the Illegitimacy of the Authorities. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:25-33. [PMID: 33091236 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The identification of factors that counter youth's radicalization while promoting democratic activism is a timely social issue. This paper examines the association of psychological well-being (PWB) with violent radicalism and nonviolent activism, by focusing on the mediating role of both social disconnectedness (SD) and the perceived illegitimacy of the authorities (PIoA). Two mediation structural equation models (full vs. partial) were applied to data collected from 328 Italian adolescents (14-19 years). The results showed how SD and PIoA fully mediated the link of PWB with radicalism (negatively) and activism (positively). This model was further supported when compared with an alternative one proposing PWB as a mediator between SD and PIoA. The findings are discussed in light of the existing literature and provide potential implications for practice.
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Vukčević Marković M, Nicović A, Živanović M. Contextual and Psychological Predictors of Militant Extremist Mindset in Youth. Front Psychol 2021; 12:622571. [PMID: 33643150 PMCID: PMC7902909 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.622571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to identify contextual and psychological factors of proneness to radicalization and violent extremism (RVE) operationalized through the Militant Extremist Mindset scale (MEM) consisting of three distinct aspects: Proviolence (PV), Vile World beliefs (VW), and trust in Divine Power (DP). A community sample of 271 high school students (72% females) from Belgrade and Sandžak regions in Serbia completed: (1) a 24-item MEM scale; (2) contextual measures including a 6-item scale of family dysfunction (FDys) and a 4-item composite measure capturing exposure to a harsh school environment and peer abuse (HSE); (3) psychological measures including the 9-item Right-Wing Authoritarianism scale (RWA), the 5-item Social Dominance Orientation scale (SDO), and the 20-item UCLA Loneliness scale (LON). A path analysis was conducted with contextual factors on the first and psychological factors on the second level of the model predicting the three factors of MEM. LON was positively predicted by FDys and HSE, SDO by HSE only, while RWA was positively predicted by FDys only. Contextual and psychological factors accounted for 27% of the variance in PV (LON, SDO), 15% of the variance in VW (FDys, SDO), and 31% of the variance in DP (RWA). Obtained findings reveal a complex interplay of contextual and psychological drivers in the prediction of different aspects of RVE and build upon existing knowledge on risk factors associated with RVE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Vukčević Marković
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Laboratory for the Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- PIN—Psychosocial Innovation Network, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Marko Živanović
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Laboratory for the Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- PIN—Psychosocial Innovation Network, Belgrade, Serbia
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Couto C, Modesto JG. The influence of Facebook on Political Activism and Radicalism. PSICO-USF 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1413/82712020250404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Recently, an increase in radicalism in the political sphere has ocurred. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the intensity of Facebook use on political radicalism and activism, taking as hypothesis (H1) that the intensity of Facebook use can increase radicalism and activism rates and (H2) that this effect would be partially mediated by the degree of confidence in Facebook consumed information. To this end, 211 respondents participated by answering the Facebook Intensity Scale, Online News Consumption Confidence Scale and Activism and Radicalism Intention Scale. The results did not corroborate the mediation model (H2) but only the direct effect (H1), indicating that, regardless of user trust in the news they are accessing, the use of Facebook tends to favor higher rates of activism and radicalism. Implications of the findings are discussed.
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Misiak B, Samochowiec J, Bhui K, Schouler-Ocak M, Demunter H, Kuey L, Raballo A, Gorwood P, Frydecka D, Dom G. A systematic review on the relationship between mental health, radicalization and mass violence. Eur Psychiatry 2018; 56:51-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractRadicalization is a process, by which individuals adopt extreme political, social and religious ideation that leads to mass violence acts. It has been hypothesized that mental health characteristics might be associated with a risk of radicalization. However, a qualitative synthesis of studies investigating the relationship between mental health and radicalization has not been performed so far. Therefore, we aimed to perform a systematic review of studies examining the association between mental health characteristics and the risk of radicalization. Two reviewers performed an independent search of online databases from their inception until 8th April 2018 and 12 publications met eligibility criteria. There were several methodological limitations across the majority of eligible publications, including doubtful sample representativeness, use of diagnostic procedures without personal assessment of mental health status or lack of standardized tools for assessment of mental health. Representative cross-sectional studies revealed that depressive symptoms might be associated with radicalization proneness. However, it remains unknown whether depressive symptoms are associated with resilience or vulnerability to radicalization. Another finding from our systematic review is that several personality traits might predispose to develop extreme ideation. Finally, there is some evidence that lone-actors might represent a specific subgroup of subjects with extreme beliefs which can be characterized by high prevalence of psychotic and/or mood disorders. In conclusion, this systematic review indicates that caution should be taken on how the association between ‘mental health’ and ‘radicalization’ is being claimed, because of limited evidence so far, and a number of methodological limitations of studies addressing this issue.
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