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Vega JDL, Alejo-Armijo A, Pineda LM, López-Pérez JL, Ng MG, Larqué H, Hernandez M, Spadafora C, Olmo ED. Antiparasitic activity of Eryngium bourgatii Gouan: Fractionation and isolation of constituents from roots and aerial parts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2025; 348:119840. [PMID: 40258307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2025.119840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2025] [Revised: 04/17/2025] [Accepted: 04/18/2025] [Indexed: 04/23/2025]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal plants are rich in bioactive compounds with diverse properties that can preserve human health. Eryngium bourgatii is used in traditional medicine to purify the blood. Species of this genus have been used for their antibacterial, antitumor, antifungal or antiparasitic properties among others. AIM OF THE STUDY In this work, the antiparasitic properties against Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Plasmodium falciparum were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), dichloromethane (DCM), and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts of the roots and the non-flowering aerial parts were obtained by maceration at room temperature. Some of them were partitioned with solvents of increasing polarity, specifically n-hexane (n-Hex), dichloromethane (DCM), and ethyl acetate (EA) to isolate different fractions. Growth inhibition assays were performed against the three protozoa (L. donovani, T. cruzi, and P. falciparum). The active fractions were subsequently separated by chromatography to determine the secondary metabolites responsible for the activity. In addition, GC-MS studies were performed to further analyse the composition of the extracts and fractions. RESULTS Regarding the roots, the MTBE extract was the most potent leishmanicidal (77.7 % inhibition at 10 μg/mL). The activity increased in its n-Hex fraction (95.3 % inhibition), and in the DCM fraction, both leishmanicidal (93.6 %) and anti-Chagas activity (92.2 %) improved. Furanone 12, a new natural compound, was the main component of the extract and the most potent leishmanicide (96.7 %), sixteen times less than the reference drug, Amphotericin B. 11-Acetoxyfalcarindiol (19) was the most potent anti-Chagas (89.1 % inhibition). Regarding the aerial parts, the DCM extract was the most potent leishmanicide (83.3 %), which improved in its DCM fraction (95.7 %), mainly attributed to compound 12. The DCM fraction of the MTBE extract produced the best antichagasic result (93.3 % inhibition), attributed to falcarindiol (17). Practically, the same compounds were identified in the roots as in the aerial parts, but in different proportions. Nine pure compounds were isolated; 34 were identified in roots and 37 in the aerial parts by GC-MS, with alkyne compounds leading, followed by sesquiterpenes and fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer de la Vega
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas: Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alfonso Alejo-Armijo
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas: Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Laura M Pineda
- Center of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP). City of Knowledge, Clayton, Apartado, 0816-02852, Panama City, Panama
| | - José Luis López-Pérez
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas: Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá, R. de Panamá, Panama
| | - Michelle G Ng
- Center of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP). City of Knowledge, Clayton, Apartado, 0816-02852, Panama City, Panama
| | - Horacio Larqué
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas: Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL, 37007, Salamanca, Spain; Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Av. de los Rectores s/n, Cd. Universitaria, Nuevo León, 66450, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Miriam Hernandez
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas: Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL, 37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carmenza Spadafora
- Center of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Diseases, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP). City of Knowledge, Clayton, Apartado, 0816-02852, Panama City, Panama
| | - Esther Del Olmo
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas: Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, CIETUS, IBSAL, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
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Frih B, Mekhadmi N, Mlik R, Abid A, Kelai E, Boussebaa W, Mouane A, Selmane M, Zemmouli N, Abdalla M, Ahmed El-Arabey A, Mamoun R, Djilani GA, Munir M. Revealing the Therapeutic Potential of Pituranthos scoparius: Phytochemical Composition, Biological Activities, and Abiotic Stress Resilience Through In Vitro and In Silico Analyses From the Algerian Sahara. Chem Biodivers 2025:e202500643. [PMID: 40226930 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202500643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2025] [Revised: 04/12/2025] [Accepted: 04/13/2025] [Indexed: 04/15/2025]
Abstract
Although medicinal plants have the potential to be used therapeutically, little is known about the bioactive components and environmental stress reactions of the Algerian Saharan plant Pituranthos scoparius. The biological activity, phytochemical composition, adaptability, and molecular docking of the plant were evaluated in this work, along with dynamics simulations (in silico) that analyze how plant phytochemicals inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa LasR. In addition, osmolytes linked to edaphic factors and stresses were investigated in soil samples from Adrar. This latter was characterized by moderate limestone, low salinity, high potassium, and low phosphorus. Glycine betaine, proline, soluble carbohydrates, chlorophyll, and carotenoids were all present in stressed plants. GC-MS analysis revealed 40 major essential oil components, including β-phellandrene and exo-2-hydroxyanisole, while LC-MS detected β-carotene, riboflavin, and ascorbic acid. The ethanolic extract (IC50 = 164.86 ± 29.92 µg/mL) and essential oil (IC50 = 188.46 ± 5.49 µg/mL) exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory tests showed inhibition of albumin denaturation by the ethanolic extract (84.46 ± 0.008%) and essential oil (62.25 ± 0.015%) at 10 mg/mL. The ethanolic extract (100 mg/mL) also exhibited antibacterial activity, inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis (34 mm zones). On the other hand, the in silico analysis revealed that quercetin, methylbicyclo(4.4.0)decane (cis), and cianidanol effectively bound to and suppressed LasR. This study investigated the adaptability, phytochemical profile, biological activities, and microbial interactions of P. scoparius using in silico methods. The identification of key bioactive compounds and their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties, including LasR inhibition, provides valuable insights for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bariza Frih
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Environment and Health, Echahid Hamma Lakhdar University, El Oued, Algeria
- Laboratory of the Development and Technology of Saharan Resources (VTRS), Echahid Hamma Lakhdar El Oued University, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Nourelhouda Mekhadmi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Laboratory of the Development and Technology of Saharan Resources (VTRS), Echahid Hamma Lakhdar El Oued University, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Randa Mlik
- National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria, INRAA, Adrar, Algeria
| | - Asma Abid
- Faculty of Mathematics and Matter Sciences, Laboratory of Valorization and Promotion of Saharan Resources, University of Ouargla, Ouargla, Algeria
| | - Elyes Kelai
- Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physico-Chemical Analysis (CRAPC), Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Walid Boussebaa
- Scientific and Technical Research Center in Physico-Chemical Analysis (CRAPC), Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Aicha Mouane
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Mehdi Selmane
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Environment and Health, Echahid Hamma Lakhdar University, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Naoual Zemmouli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Environment and Health, Echahid Hamma Lakhdar University, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Amr Ahmed El-Arabey
- Applied College, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Bee Research and its Products, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Romisa Mamoun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ghamam-Amara Djilani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of El Oued, El Oued, Algeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, Environment and Health, Echahid Hamma Lakhdar University, El Oued, Algeria
| | - Muhammad Munir
- Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Bouvet J, Maraval V, Ballereau S, Bernardes-Génisson V, Génisson Y. Natural and Bioinspired Lipidic Alkynylcarbinols as Leishmanicidal, Antiplasmodial, Trypanocidal, Fungicidal, Antibacterial, and Antimycobacterial Agents. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:2550-2566. [PMID: 39303021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The present review article recapitulates for the first time the antipathogenic biological data of a series of lipidic natural products and synthetic analogues thereof characterized by the presence in their structure of an alkynylcarbinol unit. The cytotoxic properties of such natural and bioinspired compounds have been covered by several literature overviews, but to date, no review article detailing their activity against pathogens has been proposed. This article thus aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the field including early studies from the 1970s and 1980s with a specific focus on results published from the late 1990s until nowadays. Publications presenting the data of almost 50 different natural products are reported. Detailed activities encompass the fields of leishmanicidal, antiplasmodial, trypanocidal, fungicidal, and mainly antibacterial and antimycobacterial compounds. The few published studies aimed at exploring the structure-activity relationship in these series are also described. Around 15 different synthetic analogues of natural products, selected among the most active reported, are also presented. The rare data available regarding the antipathogenic mode of action of these products are recalled, and finally, a comparative analysis of the available biological data is proposed with the aim of identifying the key structural determinants for the bioactivity against pathogens of these unusual compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Bouvet
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique (SPCMIB), UMR 5068, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, Toulouse 31062, France
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UPR 8241, UPS, Toulouse 31062, France
| | - Valérie Maraval
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS UPR 8241, UPS, Toulouse 31062, France
| | - Stéphanie Ballereau
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique (SPCMIB), UMR 5068, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, Toulouse 31062, France
| | | | - Yves Génisson
- Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d'Intérêt Biologique (SPCMIB), UMR 5068, CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, Toulouse 31062, France
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Aissous I, Benrebai M, Ameddah S, Menad A, Erenler R, Benayache S, Benayache F. The preventive effects of Centaurea maroccana Ball. extract against oxidative stress induced by cisplatin in mice brains: in vitro and in vivo studies. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:1162-1175. [PMID: 36330673 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2139841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Since antiquity, Centaurea species have been used in folk medicine to treat several diseases owing to their potential biological activities that distinguish this genus such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effect. The current study aimed to investigate the possible neuroprotective effects of the n-butanol extract of Centaurea maroccana (BECM) against cisplatin (CP) induced neurotoxicity in mice. BECM's potential neuroprotective properties were studied in vitro and in vivo models. Male Swiss albino mice were orally received BECM (200 mg/kg) for 10 days before a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (8 mg/kg). Vitamin E (100 mg/kg) was given daily by gavage as a positive control. In vitro results revealed that BECM inhibited lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. In vivo findings showed that BECM pretreatment was able to regulate lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and to improve CP-induced cholinergic dysfunction by inhibiting AChE activity in mice brains. Moreover, BECM attenuated CP-provoked oxidative stress by suppressing LPO levels, increasing total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST)) in both brain cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions. The histological analysis exhibited neurotoprotective effect of BECM by protecting the cerebral cortex and reducing the histomorphological alterations resulted by cisplatin. Interestingly, our extract achieved neuroprotection comparable to vitamin E in most evaluated parameters. It appears that protective potency of BECM against CP-induced neurotoxicity could be related to its richness in polyphenols confirmed by liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS/MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Aissous
- Laboratory of Biology and Environment, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University of Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Mouad Benrebai
- Laboratory of Biology and Environment, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University of Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Souad Ameddah
- Laboratory of Biology and Environment, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University of Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Ahmed Menad
- Laboratory of Biology and Environment, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University of Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Ramazan Erenler
- Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Samir Benayache
- Research Unit, Valorization of Natural Resources, Bioactive Molecules, Physicochemical and Biological Analysis (VARENBIOMOL), University of Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Fadila Benayache
- Research Unit, Valorization of Natural Resources, Bioactive Molecules, Physicochemical and Biological Analysis (VARENBIOMOL), University of Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
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Quintero-Pertuz H, Veas-Albornoz R, Carrillo I, González-Herrera F, Lapier M, Carbonó-Delahoz E, Del Olmo E, Feliciano AS, Kemmerling U, Olea-Azar C, Delporte C, Maya JD. Trypanocidal effect of alcoholic extract of Castanedia santamartensis (Asteraceae) leaves is based on altered mitochondrial function. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112761. [PMID: 35240521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The deficit of effective treatments for Chagas disease has led to searching for new substances with therapeutic potential. Natural products possess a wide variety of chemical structural motifs and are thus a valuable source of diverse lead compounds for the development of new drugs. Castanedia santamartensis is endemic to Colombia, and local indigenous communities often use it to treat skin sores from leishmaniasis; however, its mechanism of action against the infective form of Trypanosoma cruzi has not been determined. Thus, we performed chemical and biological studies of two alcoholic leaf extracts of C. santamartensis to identify their active fractions and relate them to a trypanocidal effect and evaluate their mechanism of action. Alcoholic extracts were obtained through cold maceration at room temperature and fractionated using classical column chromatography. Both ethanolic and methanolic extracts displayed activity against T. cruzi. Chemical studies revealed that kaurenoic acid was the major component of one fraction of the methanolic extract and two fractions of the ethanolic extract of C. santamartensis leaves. Moreover, caryophyllene oxide, kaurenol, taraxasterol acetate, pentadecanone, and methyl and ethyl esters of palmitate, as well as a group of phenolic compounds, including ferulic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, myricetin, quercitrin, and cryptochlorogenic acid were identified in the most active fractions. Kaurenoic acid and the most active fractions CS400 and CS402 collapsed the mitochondrial membrane potential in trypomastigotes, demonstrating for the first time the likely mechanism against T. cruzi, probably due to interactions with other components of the fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Quintero-Pertuz
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Dr. Carlos Lorca Tobar 964, Independencia, Chile
| | - Ruben Veas-Albornoz
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Dr. Carlos Lorca Tobar 964, Independencia, Chile
| | - Ileana Carrillo
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabiola González-Herrera
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michel Lapier
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Dr. Carlos Lorca Tobar 964, Independencia, Chile
| | - Eduino Carbonó-Delahoz
- Herbario UTMC, Carrera 32 No. 22-08 Santa Marta D.T.C.H, Universidad del Magdalena, Colombia
| | - Esther Del Olmo
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Área de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Arturo San Feliciano
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Área de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Centro de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Salamanca (CIETUS), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Ulrike Kemmerling
- Programa de Anatomía y Biología del Desarrollo, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Olea-Azar
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Dr. Carlos Lorca Tobar 964, Independencia, Chile
| | - Carla Delporte
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Dr. Carlos Lorca Tobar 964, Independencia, Chile.
| | - Juan D Maya
- Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Dr. Carlos Lorca Tobar 964, Independencia, Chile; Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile.
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Tadege G, Alebachew Y, Hymete A, Tadesse S. Identification of lobetyolin as a major antimalarial constituent of the roots of Lobelia giberroa Hemsl. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2022; 18:43-51. [PMID: 35092864 PMCID: PMC8802882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lobelia giberroa Hemsl. is an endogenous Ethiopian medicinal plant with a long history of use in the treatment of malaria, bacterial and fungal diseases, and cancer. Here, we present the in vivo bioassay-guided fractionation of the 80% methanol extract of L. giberroa roots, which led to the isolation of lobetyolin. L. giberroa roots were extracted with 80% methanol, and the dried 80% methanol extract was fractionated with hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water. Acute oral toxicity study was conducted according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Guideline 425 by using female Swiss albino mice. Antimalarial activity was assessed in Plasmodium berghei-infected Swiss albino mice. Through in vivo bioassay-guided fractionation processes lobetyolin, a C14-polyacetylene glucoside, was isolated from the methanol fraction by silica gel column chromatography as the main active ingredient from the plant. The chemical structure of lobetyolin was elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data (1HNMR, 13CNMR, IR. MS) including two dimensional NMR. The plant extract was considered safe for administration up to 2000 mg/kg. In the four-day suppressive test, the 80% methanol extract (400 mg/kg), methanol fraction (400 mg/kg), and lobetyolin (100 mg/kg) exhibited antimalarial activity, with chemosuppression values of 73.05, 64.37, and 68.21%, respectively. Compared to the negative control, which had a mean survival time of 7 days, the lobetyolin (100 mg/kg) and methanol fraction (400 mg/kg) treated groups had mean survival times of 18 and 19 days, respectively. The current study supports the traditional use of the plant for the treatment of malaria. The structural differences between lobetyolin and existing antimalarials, as well as its previously unknown antimalarial activity, make it of interest as an early lead compound for further chemical optimization. Multi-drug resistant malaria parasites urge the discovery of newer drugs. Lobelia giberroa is an indigenous traditional antimalarial plant of Ethiopia. In vivo antimalarial-activity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of lobetyolin. Lobetyolin exhibits a promising antimalarial activity with an ED50 of 36.8 mg/kg. Lobetyolin is a potential lead compound to develop a new class of antimalarial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getnet Tadege
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yonatan Alebachew
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ariaya Hymete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Tadesse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
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Pereira CG, Moraes CB, Franco CH, Feltrin C, Grougnet R, Barbosa EG, Panciera M, Correia CRD, Rodrigues MJ, Custódio L. In Vitro Anti- Trypanosoma cruzi Activity of Halophytes from Southern Portugal Reloaded: A Special Focus on Sea Fennel ( Crithmum maritimum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2235. [PMID: 34834598 PMCID: PMC8625203 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Marine halophytes are an outstanding reservoir of natural products and several species have anti-infectious traditional uses. However, reports about their potential use against neglected tropical ailments, such as Chagas disease, are scarce. This work evaluated for the first time the in vitro anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of extracts from the aromatic and medicinal species Helichrysum italicum subsp. picardii (Boiss. & Reut.) Franco (Asteraceae, everlasting) and Crithmum maritimum L. (Apiaceae, sea fennel). For that purpose, decoctions, tinctures, and essential oils from everlasting's flowers and sea fennel's stems, leaves, and flowers were tested against intracellular amastigotes of two T. cruzi strains. The extract from the sea fennel flower decoction displayed significant anti-trypanosomal activity and no toxicity towards the host cell (EC50 = 17.7 µg/mL, selectivity index > 5.65). Subsequent fractionation of this extract afforded 5 fractions that were re-tested in the same model of anti-parasitic activity. Fraction 1 was the most active and selective (EC50 = 0.47 μg/mL, selectivity index = 59.6) and was submitted to preparative thin-layer chromatography. One major compound was identified, falcarindiol, which was likely the one responsible for the observed anti-trypanosomal activity. This was confirmed using a commercially sourced molecule. Target-fishing studies showed falcarindiol as a ligand of T. cruzi spermidine synthase, pointing to a potential enzyme-inhibiting anti-trypanosomal mechanism of action. Overall, this work shows that sea fennel can provide effective anti-parasitic molecule(s) with potential pharmacological applications in the treatment of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina G. Pereira
- Centre of Marine Sciences CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.G.P.); (M.J.R.)
| | - Carolina Borsoi Moraes
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (C.H.F.); (C.F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Diadema 09913-030, SP, Brazil
| | - Caio H. Franco
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (C.H.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Clarissa Feltrin
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil; (C.B.M.); (C.H.F.); (C.F.)
| | - Raphaël Grougnet
- Natural Products, Analysis, Synthesis, UMR CNRS 8038, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Paris, 4 Avenue de l’Observatoire, 75006 Paris, France;
| | | | - Michele Panciera
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Josue de Castro St., Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; (M.P.); (C.R.D.C.)
| | - Carlos Roque D. Correia
- Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, Josue de Castro St., Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; (M.P.); (C.R.D.C.)
| | - Maria João Rodrigues
- Centre of Marine Sciences CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.G.P.); (M.J.R.)
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences CCMAR, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (C.G.P.); (M.J.R.)
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Mennai I, Lamera E, Slougui N, Benaicha B, Gasmi S, Samai Z, Rahmounia N, Bensouici C, C G A Pinto D. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Antiparasitic, Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Potential of the Algerian Limonium Oleifolium Mill. Essential Oil and Organic Extracts. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100278. [PMID: 34227240 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate, for the first time, the chemical composition, antioxidant, antiparasitic, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial activities of the aromatic plant Limonium oleifolium Mill. essential oil (EO) and organic extracts. L. oleifolium aerial parts essential oil was analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS, and 46 constituents representing 98.25±1.12 % of the oil were identified. γ-Muurolene (10.81±0.07 %), cis-caryophyllene (7.71±0.06 %), o-cymene (7.07±0.01 %) and α-copaene (5.02±0.05 %) were the essential oil main compounds. The antioxidant activity of L. oleifolium EO and organic extracts (MeOH, CHCl3 , AcOEt, BuOH) was explored using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ABTS, β-carotene/linoleic acid, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and ferric reducing power assays. The results showed that L. oleifolium EO exhibit antioxidant capacity (IC50 =17.40±1.32 μg/mL for DPPH assay, IC50 =29.82±1.08 μg/mL for β-carotene assay, IC50 =25.23±1.01 μg/mL for ABTS assay, IC50 =9.11±0.08 μg/mL for CUPRAC assay and IC50 =19.41±2.06 mg/mL for reducing power assay). Additionally, the EO showed significant activity against trophozoite form of Acanthamoeba castellanii (IC50 =7.48±0.41 μg/mL) and promastigote form of Leishmania amazonensis (IC50 =19.36±1.06 μg/mL) and low cytotoxicity on murine macrophages (LC50 90.23±1.09 μg/mL), as well as good antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These results suggest that L. oleifolium essential oil is a valuable source of bioactive compounds presenting antioxidant, antiparasitic, and antimicrobial activities. Furthermore, it is considered nontoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Mennai
- Research Unit: Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyses Physicochimiques et Biologiques, Brothers Mentouri University Constantine 1, Route of Aïn El Bey, Constantine, 25017, Algeria.,Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Brothers Mentouri University Constantine 1, 25000, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Esma Lamera
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Brothers Mentouri University Constantine 1, Constantine, 25000, Algeria
| | - Nabila Slougui
- Laboratory of Process Engineering for Sustainable Development and Health Products, National Polytechnic School of Constantine, ville universitaire Ali Mendjli, Constantine, 25016, Algeria
| | - Brahim Benaicha
- Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Applications, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Nature and Life Sciences, Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, 12002, Algeria
| | - Salim Gasmi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Applications, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Nature and Life Sciences, Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, 12002, Algeria
| | - Zakaria Samai
- Research Unit: Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products, University of Badji Mokhtar Annaba, Algeria
| | - Naima Rahmounia
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Batna 2, 53 rd street. Fesdis, Batna, 05078, Algérie
| | - Chawki Bensouici
- National Center For Biotechnology Research, Ali Mendjli, Nouvelle Ville UV 03, BP E73, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Diana C G A Pinto
- Campus de Santiago, LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
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