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Neel AI, Wang Y, Sun H, Liontis KE, McCormack MC, Mayer JC, Cervera Juanes RP, Davenport AT, Grant KA, Daunais JD, Chen R. Differential regulation of G protein-coupled receptor-associated proteins in the caudate and the putamen of cynomolgus macaques following chronic ethanol drinking. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38783749 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The dorsal striatum is composed of the caudate nucleus and the putamen in human and non-human primates. These two regions receive different cortical projections and are functionally distinct. The caudate is involved in the control of goal-directed behaviors, while the putamen is implicated in habit learning and formation. Previous reports indicate that ethanol differentially influences neurotransmission in these two regions. Because neurotransmitters primarily signal through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to modulate neuronal activity, the present study aimed to determine whether ethanol had a region-dependent impact on the expression of proteins that are involved in the trafficking and function of GPCRs, including G protein subunits and their effectors, protein kinases, and elements of the cytoskeleton. Western blotting was performed to examine protein levels in the caudate and the putamen of male cynomolgus macaques that self-administered ethanol for 1 year under free access conditions, along with control animals that self-administered an isocaloric sweetened solution under identical operant conditions. Among the 18 proteins studied, we found that the levels of one protein (PKCβ) were increased, and 13 proteins (Gαi1/3, Gαi2, Gαo, Gβ1γ, PKCα, PKCε, CaMKII, GSK3β, β-actin, cofilin, α-tubulin, and tubulin polymerization promoting protein) were reduced in the caudate of alcohol-drinking macaques. However, ethanol did not alter the expression of any proteins examined in the putamen. These observations underscore the unique vulnerability of the caudate nucleus to changes in protein expression induced by chronic ethanol exposure. Whether these alterations are associated with ethanol-induced dysregulation of GPCR function and neurotransmission warrants future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna I Neel
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Haiguo Sun
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katherine E Liontis
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mary C McCormack
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jonathan C Mayer
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rita P Cervera Juanes
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - April T Davenport
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kathleen A Grant
- Division of Neuroscience Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - James D Daunais
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
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2
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Sarkar S, Biswas A, Ansari S, Choudhury S, Banerjee R, Chatterjee S, Dey S, Kumar H. Association of dopamine receptor D3 polymorphism with Levodopa-induced Dyskinesia: A study on Parkinson's disease patients from India. Neurosci Lett 2024; 825:137706. [PMID: 38431040 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a debilitating motor feature in a subset of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) after prolonged therapeutic administration of levodopa. Preliminary animal and human studies are suggestive of a key role of dopamine type 3 (D3) receptor polymorphism (Ser9Gly; rs6280) in LID. Its contribution to development of LID among Indian PD patients has remained relatively unexplored and merits further investigation. METHODS AND MATERIALS 200 well-characterised PD patients (100 without LID and 100 with LID) and 100 age-matched healthy controls were recruited from the outpatient department of Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata. MDS-UPDRS (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale from International Movement Disorder Society) Part III and AIMS (abnormal involuntary movement scale) were performed for estimation of severity of motor features and LID respectively in the ON state of the disease. Participants were analysed for the presence of Ser9Gly single nucleotide variant (SNV) (rs6280) by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques. RESULTS The frequency of AA genotype (serine type) was more frequently present in PD patients with LID compared to PD patients without LID (50 % vs 28 %; P = 0.002; OR = 2.57, 95 % CI: 1.43 - 4.62). The abnormal involuntary movement scale score was significantly higher in PD patients with AA genotype compared to carriers of glycine allele (AG + GG) (4.08 ± 3.35; P = 0.002). CONCLUSION We observed a significant association of serine type SNV (rs6280) in D3 receptor gene in a cohort of PD patients with LID from India. More severe motor severity was found in patients with glycine substitution of the same SNV. The current study emphasised the role of D3 receptor in the pathogenesis of LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Sarkar
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, India; Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Arindam Biswas
- Molecular Biology & Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Neurosciences Centre Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sabbir Ansari
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, India
| | - Supriyo Choudhury
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, India
| | - Rebecca Banerjee
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, India
| | - Suparna Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research Kolkata, Kolkata, India
| | - Sanjit Dey
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.
| | - Hrishikesh Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurosciences Kolkata, Kolkata, India.
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Bove F, Angeloni B, Sanginario P, Rossini PM, Calabresi P, Di Iorio R. Neuroplasticity in levodopa-induced dyskinesias: An overview on pathophysiology and therapeutic targets. Prog Neurobiol 2024; 232:102548. [PMID: 38040324 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) are a common complication in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). A complex cascade of electrophysiological and molecular events that induce aberrant plasticity in the cortico-basal ganglia system plays a key role in the pathophysiology of LIDs. In the striatum, multiple neurotransmitters regulate the different forms of physiological synaptic plasticity to provide it in a bidirectional and Hebbian manner. In PD, impairment of both long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) progresses with disease and dopaminergic denervation of striatum. The altered balance between LTP and LTD processes leads to unidirectional changes in plasticity that cause network dysregulation and the development of involuntary movements. These alterations have been documented, in both experimental models and PD patients, not only in deep brain structures but also at motor cortex. Invasive and non-invasive neuromodulation treatments, as deep brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, or transcranial direct current stimulation, may provide strategies to modulate the aberrant plasticity in the cortico-basal ganglia network of patients affected by LIDs, thus restoring normal neurophysiological functioning and treating dyskinesias. In this review, we discuss the evidence for neuroplasticity impairment in experimental PD models and in patients affected by LIDs, and potential neuromodulation strategies that may modulate aberrant plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bove
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Angeloni
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Sanginario
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Maria Rossini
- Brain Connectivity Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Iorio
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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4
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Grigoriou S, Espa E, Odin P, Timpka J, von Grothusen G, Jakobsson A, Cenci MA. Comparison of dyskinesia profiles after L-DOPA dose challenges with or without dopamine agonist coadministration. Neuropharmacology 2023:109630. [PMID: 37315840 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experiencing l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) receive adjunct treatment with dopamine agonists, whose functional impact on LID is unknown. We set out to compare temporal and topographic profiles of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) after l-DOPA dose challenges including or not the dopamine agonist ropinirole. Twenty-five patients with PD and a history of dyskinesias were sequentially administered either l-DOPA alone (150% of usual morning dose) or an equipotent combination of l-DOPA and ropinirole in random order. Involuntary movements were assessed by two blinded raters prior and every 30 min after drug dosing using the Clinical Dyskinesia Rating Scale (CDRS). A sensor-recording smartphone was secured to the patients' abdomen during the test sessions. The two raters' CDRS scores were highly reliable and concordant with models of hyperkinesia presence and severity trained on accelerometer data. The dyskinesia time curves differed between treatments as the l-DOPA-ropinirole combination resulted in lower peak severity but longer duration of the AIMs compared with l-DOPA alone. At the peak of the AIMs curve (60-120 min), l-DOPA induced a significantly higher total hyperkinesia score, whereas in the end phase (240-270 min), both hyperkinesia and dystonia tended to be more severe after the l-DOPA-ropinirole combination (though reaching statistical significance only for the item, arm dystonia). Our results pave the way for the introduction of a combined l-DOPA-ropinirole challenge test in the early clinical evaluation of antidyskinetic treatments. Furthermore, we propose a machine-learning method to predict CDRS hyperkinesia severity using accelerometer data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Grigoriou
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Memory and Geriatrics, Skane University Hospital, Sweden.
| | - Elena Espa
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Odin
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Memory and Geriatrics, Skane University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Timpka
- Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Memory and Geriatrics, Skane University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Gustaf von Grothusen
- Division of Mathematical Statistics, Center for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Jakobsson
- Division of Mathematical Statistics, Center for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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5
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Woitalla D, Buhmann C, Hilker-Roggendorf R, Höglinger G, Koschel J, Müller T, Weise D. Role of dopamine agonists in Parkinson's disease therapy. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:863-873. [PMID: 37165120 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02647-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine agonists are an important component of Parkinson's therapy. When weighing up the various therapy options, therapy with levodopa has recently been increasingly preferred due to its stronger efficacy and the ostensibly lower rate of side effects. The advantage of the lower incidence of motor complications during therapy with dopamine agonists was neglected. The occurrence of side effects can be explained by the different receptor affinity to the individual dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic receptors of the individual dopamine agonists. However, the different affinity to individual receptors also explains the different effect on individual Parkinson symptoms and can, therefore, contribute to a targeted use of the different dopamine agonists. Since comparative studies on the differential effect of dopamine agonists have only been conducted for individual substances, empirical knowledge of the differential effect is of great importance. Therefore, the guidelines for the treatment of Parkinson's disease do not consider the differential effect of the dopamine agonists. The historical consideration of dopamine agonists within Parkinson's therapy deserves special attention to be able to classify the current discussion about the significance of dopamine agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Woitalla
- Department of Neurology, Katholische Kliniken Der Ruhrhalbinsel, Essen, Germany.
| | - C Buhmann
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - G Höglinger
- Department of Neurology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Koschel
- Department of Neurology Parkinson-Klinik Ortenau, Wolfach, Germany
| | - T Müller
- Department of Neurology, Alexianer St. Joseph Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany
| | - D Weise
- Department of Neurology, Asklepios Fachklinikum Stadtroda, Stadtroda, Germany
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Caulfield ME, Vander Werp MJ, Stancati JA, Collier TJ, Sortwell CE, Sandoval IM, Manfredsson FP, Steece-Collier K. Downregulation of striatal CaV1.3 inhibits the escalation of levodopa-induced dyskinesia in male and female parkinsonian rats of advanced age. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 181:106111. [PMID: 37001610 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past 25 years, the prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) has nearly doubled. Age remains the primary risk factor for PD and as the global aging population increases this trend is predicted to continue. Even when treated with levodopa, the gold standard dopamine (DA) replacement therapy, individuals with PD frequently develop therapeutic side effects. Levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID), a common side effect of long-term levodopa use, represents a significant unmet clinical need in the treatment of PD. Previously, in young adult (3-month-old) male parkinsonian rats, we demonstrated that the silencing of CaV1.3 (Cacan1d) L-type voltage-gated calcium channels via striatal delivery of rAAV-CaV1.3-shRNA provides uniform protection against the induction of LID, and significant reduction of established severe LID. With the goal of more closely replicating a clinical demographic, the current study examined the effects of CaV1.3-targeted gene therapy on LID escalation in male and female parkinsonian rats of advanced age (18-month-old at study completion). We tested the hypothesis that silencing aberrant CaV1.3 channel activity in the parkinsonian striatum would prevent moderate to severe dyskinesia with levodopa dose escalation. To test this hypothesis, 15-month-old male and female F344 rats were rendered unilaterally parkinsonian and primed with low-dose (3-4 mg/kg) levodopa. Following the establishment of stable, mild dyskinesias, rats received an intrastriatal injection of either the Cacna1d-specific rAAV-CaV1.3-shRNA vector (CAV-shRNA), or the scramble control rAAV-SCR-shRNA vector (SCR-shRNA). Daily (M-Fr) low-dose levodopa was maintained for 4 weeks during the vector transduction and gene silencing window followed by escalation to 6 mg/kg, then to 12 mg/kg levodopa. SCR-shRNA-shRNA rats showed stable LID expression with low-dose levodopa and the predicted escalation of LID severity with increased levodopa doses. Conversely, complex behavioral responses were observed in aged rats receiving CAV-shRNA, with approximately half of the male and female subjects-therapeutic 'Responders'-demonstrating protection against LID escalation, while the remaining half-therapeutic 'Non-Responders'-showed LID escalation similar to SCR-shRNA rats. Post-mortem histological analyses revealed individual variability in the detection of Cacna1d regulation in the DA-depleted striatum of aged rats. However, taken together, male and female therapeutic 'Responder' rats receiving CAV-shRNA had significantly less striatal Cacna1d in their vector-injected striatum relative to contralateral striatum than those with SCR-shRNA. The current data suggest that mRNA-level silencing of striatal CaV1.3 channels maintains potency in a clinically relevant in vivo scenario by preventing dose-dependent dyskinesia escalation in rats of advanced age. As compared to the uniform response previously reported in young male rats, there was notable variability between individual aged rats, particularly females, in the current study. Future investigations are needed to derive the sex-specific and age-related mechanisms which underlie variable responses to gene therapy and to elucidate factors which determine the therapeutic efficacy of treatment for PD.
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7
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Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease: Pathogenesis and Emerging Treatment Strategies. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233736. [PMID: 36496996 PMCID: PMC9736114 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The most commonly used treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD) is levodopa, prescribed in conjunction with carbidopa. Virtually all patients with PD undergo dopamine replacement therapy using levodopa during the course of the disease's progression. However, despite the fact that levodopa is the "gold standard" in PD treatments and has the ability to significantly alleviate PD symptoms, it comes with side effects in advanced PD. Levodopa replacement therapy remains the current clinical treatment of choice for Parkinson's patients, but approximately 80% of the treated PD patients develop levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) in the advanced stages of the disease. A better understanding of the pathological mechanisms of LID and possible means of improvement would significantly improve the outcome of PD patients, reduce the complexity of medication use, and lower adverse effects, thus, improving the quality of life of patients and prolonging their life cycle. This review assesses the recent advancements in understanding the underlying mechanisms of LID and the therapeutic management options available after the emergence of LID in patients. We summarized the pathogenesis and the new treatments for LID-related PD and concluded that targeting pathways other than the dopaminergic pathway to treat LID has become a new possibility, and, currently, amantadine, drugs targeting 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors, and surgery for PD can target the Parkinson's symptoms caused by LID.
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8
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D3 Receptors and PET Imaging. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2022; 60:251-275. [PMID: 35711027 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This chapter encapsulates a short introduction to positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and the information gained by using this technology to detect changes of the dopamine 3 receptor (D3R) at the molecular level in vivo. We will discuss available D3R radiotracers, emphasizing [11C]PHNO. The focus, however, will be on PET findings in conditions including substance abuse, obesity, traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and aging. Finally, there is a discussion about progress in producing next-generation selective D3R radiotracers.
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9
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Verduzco-Mendoza A, Carrillo-Mora P, Avila-Luna A, Gálvez-Rosas A, Olmos-Hernández A, Mota-Rojas D, Bueno-Nava A. Role of the Dopaminergic System in the Striatum and Its Association With Functional Recovery or Rehabilitation After Brain Injury. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:693404. [PMID: 34248494 PMCID: PMC8264205 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.693404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Disabilities are estimated to occur in approximately 2% of survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI) worldwide, and disability may persist even decades after brain injury. Facilitation or modulation of functional recovery is an important goal of rehabilitation in all patients who survive severe TBI. However, this recovery tends to vary among patients because it is affected by the biological and physical characteristics of the patients; the types, doses, and application regimens of the drugs used; and clinical indications. In clinical practice, diverse dopaminergic drugs with various dosing and application procedures are used for TBI. Previous studies have shown that dopamine (DA) neurotransmission is disrupted following moderate to severe TBI and have reported beneficial effects of drugs that affect the dopaminergic system. However, the mechanisms of action of dopaminergic drugs have not been completely clarified, partly because dopaminergic receptor activation can lead to restoration of the pathway of the corticobasal ganglia after injury in brain structures with high densities of these receptors. This review aims to provide an overview of the functionality of the dopaminergic system in the striatum and its roles in functional recovery or rehabilitation after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Verduzco-Mendoza
- Ph.D. Program in Biological and Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Division of Biotechnology-Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul Carrillo-Mora
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Avila-Luna
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Gálvez-Rosas
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Olmos-Hernández
- Division of Biotechnology-Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel Mota-Rojas
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Bueno-Nava
- Division of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
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10
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Ferré S, Guitart X, Quiroz C, Rea W, García-Malo C, Garcia-Borreguero D, Allen RP, Earley CJ. Akathisia and Restless Legs Syndrome: Solving the Dopaminergic Paradox. Sleep Med Clin 2021; 16:249-267. [PMID: 33985651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Akathisia is an urgent need to move that is associated with treatment with dopamine receptor blocking agents (DRBAs) and with restless legs syndrome (RLS). The pathogenetic mechanism of akathisia has not been resolved. This article proposes that it involves an increased presynaptic dopaminergic transmission in the ventral striatum and concomitant strong activation of postsynaptic dopamine D1 receptors, which form complexes (heteromers) with dopamine D3 and adenosine A1 receptors. It also proposes that in DRBA-induced akathisia, increased dopamine release depends on inactivation of autoreceptors, whereas in RLS it depends on a brain iron deficiency-induced down-regulation of striatal presynaptic A1 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Ferré
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Triad Building, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Xavier Guitart
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Triad Building, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - César Quiroz
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Triad Building, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - William Rea
- Integrative Neurobiology Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Triad Building, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Celia García-Malo
- Sleep Research Institute, Paseo de la Habana 151, Madrid 28036, Spain
| | | | - Richard P Allen
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Christopher J Earley
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Lanza K, Bishop C. Dopamine D3 Receptor Plasticity in Parkinson's Disease and L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030314. [PMID: 33808538 PMCID: PMC8003204 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is characterized by primary and secondary plasticity that occurs in response to progressive degeneration and long-term L-DOPA treatment. Some of this plasticity contributes to the detrimental side effects associated with chronic L-DOPA treatment, namely L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). The dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) has emerged as a promising target in LID management as it is upregulated in LID. This upregulation occurs primarily in the D1-receptor-bearing (D1R) cells of the striatum, which have been repeatedly implicated in LID manifestation. D3R undergoes dynamic changes both in PD and in LID, making it difficult to delineate D3R’s specific contributions, but recent genetic and pharmacologic tools have helped to clarify its role in LID. The following review will discuss these changes, recent advances to better clarify D3R in both PD and LID and potential steps for translating these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Lanza
- Department of Physiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60201, USA;
| | - Christopher Bishop
- Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
- Correspondence:
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12
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Lanza K, Centner A, Coyle M, Del Priore I, Manfredsson FP, Bishop C. Genetic suppression of the dopamine D3 receptor in striatal D1 cells reduces the development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Exp Neurol 2020; 336:113534. [PMID: 33249031 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is symptomatically managed with L-DOPA but chronic use results in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) characterized by abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs). In LID, dopamine D3 receptors (D3R) are upregulated on D1 receptor (D1R)-bearing medium spiny neurons where the can synergistically drive downstream signaling and motor behaviors. Despite evidence implying D1R-D3R cooperativity in LID, the dyskinesiogenic role of D3R has never been directly tested. To this end, we developed a specific cre-dependent microRNA (miRNA) to irreversibly prevent D3R upregulation in D1R striatal cells. D1-Cre rats received unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. Three weeks later, rats received an adeno-associated virus expressing either D3R miRNA or a scrambled (SCR) miRNA delivered into the striatum. After 4 weeks, rats received chronic L-DOPA (6 mg/kg) or vehicle. AIMs development and motor behaviors were assayed throughout treatment. At the conclusion of the experiment, efficacy and fidelity of the miRNA strategy was analyzed using in situ hybridization (ISH). ISH analyses demonstrated that D1R+/D3R+ cells were upregulated in LID and that the selective D3R miRNA reduced D1R+/D3R+ co-expression. Importantly, silencing of D3R also significantly attenuated LID development without impacting L-DOPA efficacy or other locomotion. These data highlight a dyskinesiogenic role of D3R within D1R cells in LID and highlight aberrant D1R-D3R interactions as targets of LID management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Lanza
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University - State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA.
| | - Ashley Centner
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University - State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Michael Coyle
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University - State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Isabella Del Priore
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University - State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | | | - Christopher Bishop
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University - State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, USA
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13
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Castela I, Hernandez LF. Shedding light on dyskinesias. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:2398-2413. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Castela
- HM‐CINAC Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales Madrid Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) Carlos III Health Institute Madrid Spain
| | - Ledia F. Hernandez
- HM‐CINAC Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales Madrid Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED) Carlos III Health Institute Madrid Spain
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14
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Paudel P, Seong SH, Fauzi FM, Bender A, Jung HA, Choi JS. Establishing GPCR Targets of hMAO Active Anthraquinones from Cassia obtusifolia Linn Seeds Using In Silico and In Vitro Methods. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:7705-7715. [PMID: 32280914 PMCID: PMC7144155 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines the effect of human monoamine oxidase active anthraquinones emodin, alaternin (=7-hydroxyemodin), aloe-emodin, and questin from Cassia obtusifolia Linn seeds in modulating human dopamine (hD1R, hD3R, and hD4R), serotonin (h5-HT1AR), and vasopressin (hV1AR) receptors that were predicted as prime targets from proteocheminformatics modeling via in vitro cell-based functional assays, and explores the possible mechanisms of action via in silico modeling. Emodin and alaternin showed a concentration-dependent agonist effect on hD3R with EC50 values of 21.85 ± 2.66 and 56.85 ± 4.59 μM, respectively. On hV1AR, emodin and alaternin showed an antagonist effect with IC50 values of 10.25 ± 1.97 and 11.51 ± 1.08 μM, respectively. Interestingly, questin and aloe-emodin did not have any observable effect on hV1AR. Only alaternin was effective in antagonizing h5-HT1AR (IC50: 84.23 ± 4.12 μM). In silico studies revealed that a hydroxyl group at C1, C3, and C8 and a methyl group at C6 of anthraquinone structure are essential for hD3R agonist and hV1AR antagonist effects, as well as for the H-bond interaction of 1-OH group with Ser192 at a proximity of 2.0 Å. Thus, based on in silico and in vitro results, hV1AR, hD3R, and h5-HT1AR appear to be prime targets of the tested anthraquinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Paudel
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hui Seong
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Fazlin Mohd Fauzi
- Department
of Pharmacology and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Branch, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Andreas Bender
- Center
for Molecular Science Informatics, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2
1EW Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hyun Ah Jung
- Department
of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk
National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- . Tel: 82-63-270-4882. Fax: 82-63-270-3854
| | - Jae Sue Choi
- Department
of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National
University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
- . Tel: +82-51-629-5845. Fax: +82-51-629 5842
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15
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Yang P, Perlmutter JS, Benzinger TLS, Morris JC, Xu J. Dopamine D3 receptor: A neglected participant in Parkinson Disease pathogenesis and treatment? Ageing Res Rev 2020; 57:100994. [PMID: 31765822 PMCID: PMC6939386 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms which relentlessly and progressively lead to substantial disability and economic burden. Pathologically, these symptoms follow the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) associated with abnormal α-synuclein (α-Syn) deposition as cytoplasmic inclusions called Lewy bodies in pigmented brainstem nuclei, and in dystrophic neurons in striatal and cortical regions (Lewy neurites). Pharmacotherapy for PD focuses on improving quality of life and primarily targets dopaminergic pathways. Dopamine acts through two families of receptors, dopamine D1-like and dopamine D2-like; dopamine D3 receptors (D3R) belong to dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) family. Although D3R's precise role in the pathophysiology and treatment of PD has not been determined, we present evidence suggesting an important role for D3R in the early development and occurrence of PD. Agonist activation of D3R increases dopamine concentration, decreases α-Syn accumulation, enhances secretion of brain derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF), ameliorates neuroinflammation, alleviates oxidative stress, promotes neurogenesis in the nigrostriatal pathway, interacts with D1R to reduce PD associated motor symptoms and ameliorates side effects of levodopa (L-DOPA) treatment. Furthermore, D3R mutations can predict PD age of onset and prognosis of PD treatment. The role of D3R in PD merits further research. This review elucidates the potential role of D3R in PD pathogenesis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tammie L S Benzinger
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jinbin Xu
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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16
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Goubault E, Nguyen HP, Bogard S, Blanchet PJ, Bézard E, Vincent C, Langlois M, Duval C. Cardinal Motor Features of Parkinson's Disease Coexist with Peak-Dose Choreic-Type Drug-Induced Dyskinesia. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2019; 8:323-331. [PMID: 29843253 PMCID: PMC6027941 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-181312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Clinical and anecdotal observations propose that patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) may show drug-induced dyskinesia (DID) concomitantly with cardinal motor features. However, the extent of the concomitant presence of DID and cardinal features remains to be determined. Objectives: This cross-sectional study measured peak-dose choreic-type DID in a quantitative manner in patients diagnosed with PD, and determined whether symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, postural instability or freezing of gait (FoG) were still detectable in these patients. Methods: 89 patients diagnosed with PD were recruited and assessed using a combination of quantitative measures using inertial measurement units to capture DID, tremor, bradykinesia, and FoG. Clinical evaluations were also used to assess rigidity and postural instability. Motor symptoms of PD were assessed 3 times during the testing period, and a series of activities of daily living were repeated twice, in between clinical tests, during which the level of DID was quantified. Peak-dose was identified as the period during which patients had the highest levels of DID. Levels of tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, postural instability, and FoG were used to determine the percentage of patients showing these motor symptoms simultaneously with DID. Results: 72.4% of patients tested presented with measurable DID during the experiment. Rest, postural and kinetic tremor (12.7% , 38.1% , and 15.9% respectively), bradykinesia (28.6% ), rigidity (55.6% ), postural instability (71.4% ) and FoG (9.5% ) were detected simultaneously with DID. Conclusions: PD symptomatology remains present in patients showing peak-dose choreic-type DID, illustrating the challenge facing physicians when trying to avoid dyskinesia while attempting to alleviate motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Goubault
- Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hung P Nguyen
- Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sarah Bogard
- Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre J Blanchet
- Département de stomatologie, Faculté de médecine dentaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de médecine, CHU Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Erwan Bézard
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Claude Vincent
- Département de réadaptation, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Langlois
- Département de médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Christian Duval
- Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Département des Sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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17
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Biagioni F, Ferese R, Limanaqi F, Madonna M, Lenzi P, Gambardella S, Fornai F. Methamphetamine persistently increases alpha-synuclein and suppresses gene promoter methylation within striatal neurons. Brain Res 2019; 1719:157-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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Receptor Ligands as Helping Hands to L-DOPA in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040142. [PMID: 30970612 PMCID: PMC6523988 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Levodopa (LD) is the most effective drug in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, although it represents the “gold standard” of PD therapy, LD can cause side effects, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular symptoms as well as transient elevated liver enzyme levels. Moreover, LD therapy leads to LD-induced dyskinesia (LID), a disabling motor complication that represents a major challenge for the clinical neurologist. Due to the many limitations associated with LD therapeutic use, other dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic drugs are being developed to optimize the treatment response. This review focuses on recent investigations about non-dopaminergic central nervous system (CNS) receptor ligands that have been identified to have therapeutic potential for the treatment of motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. In a different way, such agents may contribute to extending LD response and/or ameliorate LD-induced side effects.
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19
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Vidal PM, Pacheco R. Targeting the Dopaminergic System in Autoimmunity. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2019; 15:57-73. [PMID: 30661214 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-019-09834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine has emerged as a fundamental regulator of inflammation. In this regard, it has been shown that dopaminergic signalling pathways are key players promoting homeostasis between the central nervous system and the immune system. Dysregulation in the dopaminergic system affects both innate and adaptive immunity, contributing to the development of numerous autoimmune and inflammatory pathologies. This makes dopamine receptors interesting therapeutic targets for either the development of new treatments or repurposing of already available pharmacological drugs. Dopamine receptors are broadly expressed on different immune cells with multifunctional effects depending on the dopamine concentration available and the pattern of expression of five dopamine receptors displaying different affinities for dopamine. Thus, impaired dopaminergic signalling through different dopamine receptors may result in altered behaviour of immunity, contributing to the development and progression of autoimmune pathologies. In this review we discuss the current evidence involving the dopaminergic system in inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. In addition, we summarise and analyse the therapeutic approaches designed to attenuate disease development and progression by targeting the dopaminergic system. Graphical Abstract Targetting the dopaminergic system in autoimmunity. Effector T-cells (Teff) orchestrate inflamamtion involved in autoimmunity, whilst regulatory T-cells (Tregs) suppress Teff activity promoting tolerance to self-constituents. Dopamine has emerged as a key regulator of Teff and Tregs function, thereby dopamine receptors have becoming important therapeutic targets in autoimmune disorders, especially in those affecting the brain and the gut, where dopamine levels strongly change with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia M Vidal
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Av. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa, 7780272, Santiago, Chile. .,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile.
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20
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Svenningsson P, Johansson A, Nyholm D, Tsitsi P, Hansson F, Sonesson C, Tedroff J. Safety and tolerability of IRL790 in Parkinson's disease with levodopa-induced dyskinesia-a phase 1b trial. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2018; 4:35. [PMID: 30534585 PMCID: PMC6283839 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-018-0071-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
IRL790 is a novel compound with psychomotor stabilizing properties primarily targeting the dopamine D3 receptor. IRL790 is developed as an experimental treatment for levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID), impulse control disorder, and psychosis in Parkinson's disease (PD). The primary objective was to investigate the safety and tolerability of IRL790 in PD patients with LID in a randomized controlled trial. PD patients with peak-dose dyskinesia were randomized to placebo or IRL790 treatment (1:3 ratio) for 4 weeks. Study drug was given as an adjunct treatment to the patients' regular stable antiparkinsonian medication. Dosing was individually titrated for 14 days, whereafter dosing was kept stable for an additional 14 days. Fifteen patients were randomized to treatment and 13 patients completed the 4-week treatment. Adverse events were mostly reported during the titration phase of the trial. They were mainly central nervous system related and could be mitigated by dose adjustments. There were no serious adverse events. There were no clinically significant changes in vital signs, electrocardiogram, and laboratory parameters due to the treatment. The average dose in the stable dose phase was 18 mg daily, yielding a 2-h post-dose plasma concentration of average 229 nM on day 28. Assessments for motor function showed a numeric reduction in dyskinesia. It is concluded that IRL790 can be safely administered to patients with advanced PD. The results will be of guidance for the design of phase 2 studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dag Nyholm
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Panagiota Tsitsi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Hansson
- Clinical Trial Consultants, Dag Hammarskjöldsväg 13, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Clas Sonesson
- Integrative Research Laboratories AB, Arvid Wallgrens backe 20, 413 46 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joakim Tedroff
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Integrative Research Laboratories AB, Arvid Wallgrens backe 20, 413 46 Göteborg, Sweden
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21
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Flores AJ, Bartlett MJ, Root BK, Parent KL, Heien ML, Porreca F, Polt R, Sherman SJ, Falk T. The combination of the opioid glycopeptide MMP-2200 and a NMDA receptor antagonist reduced l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and MMP-2200 by itself reduced dopamine receptor 2-like agonist-induced dyskinesia. Neuropharmacology 2018; 141:260-271. [PMID: 30201210 PMCID: PMC6309213 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine (DA)-replacement therapy utilizing l-DOPA is the gold standard symptomatic treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). A critical complication of this therapy is the development of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). The endogenous opioid peptides, including enkephalins and dynorphin, are co-transmitters of dopaminergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic transmission in the direct and indirect striatal output pathways disrupted in PD, and alterations in expression levels of these peptides and their precursors have been implicated in LID genesis and expression. We have previously shown that the opioid glycopeptide drug MMP-2200 (a.k.a. Lactomorphin), a glycosylated derivative of Leu-enkephalin mediates potent behavioral effects in two rodent models of striatal DA depletion. In this study, the mixed mu-delta agonist MMP-2200 was investigated in standard preclinical rodent models of PD and of LID to evaluate its effects on abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs). MMP-2200 showed antiparkinsonian activity, while increasing l-DOPA-induced limb, axial, and oral (LAO) AIMs by ∼10%, and had no effect on dopamine receptor 1 (D1R)-induced LAO AIMs. In contrast, it markedly reduced dopamine receptor 2 (D2R)-like-induced LAO AIMs. The locomotor AIMs were reduced by MMP-2200 in all three conditions. The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist MK-801 has previously been shown to be anti-dyskinetic, but only at doses that induce parkinsonism. When MMP-2200 was co-administered with MK-801, MK-801-induced pro-parkinsonian activity was suppressed, while a robust anti-dyskinetic effect remained. In summary, the opioid glycopeptide MMP-2200 reduced AIMs induced by a D2R-like agonist, and MMP-2200 modified the effect of MK-801 to result in a potent reduction of l-DOPA-induced AIMs without induction of parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Flores
- Department of Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA; Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Physiological Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Mitchell J Bartlett
- Department of Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA; Graduate Program in Medical Pharmacology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Brandon K Root
- Department of Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Kate L Parent
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Michael L Heien
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Frank Porreca
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Robin Polt
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Scott J Sherman
- Department of Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Torsten Falk
- Department of Neurology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA; Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Physiological Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA; Department of Pharmacology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
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22
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Bordia T, Perez XA. Cholinergic control of striatal neurons to modulate L-dopa-induced dyskinesias. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 49:859-868. [PMID: 29923650 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
L-dopa induced dyskinesias (LIDs) are a disabling motor complication of L-dopa therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD) management. Treatment options remain limited and the underlying network mechanisms remain unclear due to a complex pathophysiology. What is well-known, however, is that aberrant striatal signaling plays a key role in LIDs development. Here, we discuss the specific contribution of striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) and GABAergic medium spiny projection neurons (MSNs) with a particular focus on how cholinergic signaling may integrate multiple striatal systems to modulate LIDs expression. Enhanced ChI transmission, altered MSN activity and the associated abnormal downstream signaling responses that arise with nigrostriatal damage are well known to contribute to LIDs development. In fact, enhancing M4 muscarinic receptor activity, a receptor favorably expressed on D1 dopamine receptor-expressing MSNs dampens their activity to attenuate LIDs. Likewise, ChI activation via thalamostriatal neurons is shown to interrupt cortical signaling to enhance D2 dopamine receptor-expressing MSN activity via M1 muscarinic receptors, which may interrupt ongoing motor activity. Notably, numerous preclinical studies also show that reducing nicotinic cholinergic receptor activity decreases LIDs. Taken together, these studies indicate the importance of cholinergic control of striatal neuronal activity and point to muscarinic and nicotinic receptors as significant pharmacological targets for alleviating LIDs in PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanuja Bordia
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Xiomara A Perez
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
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23
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Lanza K, Meadows SM, Chambers NE, Nuss E, Deak MM, Ferré S, Bishop C. Behavioral and cellular dopamine D 1 and D 3 receptor-mediated synergy: Implications for L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Neuropharmacology 2018; 138:304-314. [PMID: 29936243 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Individually, D1 and D3 dopamine receptors (D1R and D3R, respectively) have been implicated in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). Of late, direct D1R-D3R interactions have been linked to LID yet remain enigmatic. Therefore, the current research sought to characterize consequences of putative D1R-D3R interactions in dyskinesia expression and in LID-associated downstream cellular signaling. To do so, adult male Sprague-Dawley hemi-parkinsonian rats were given daily L-DOPA (6 mg/kg; s.c.) for 2 weeks to establish stable LID, as measured via the abnormal voluntary movements (AIMs) scale. Thereafter, rats underwent dose-response AIMs testing for the D1R agonist SKF38393 (0, 0.3, 1.0, 3.0 mg/kg) and the D3R agonist, PD128907 (0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0 mg/kg). Each agonist dose-dependently induced dyskinesia, implicating individual receptor involvement. More importantly, when threshold doses were co-administered, rats displayed synergistic exacerbation of dyskinesia. Interestingly, this observation was not mirrored in general locomotor behaviors, highlighting a potentially dyskinesia-specific effect. To illuminate the mechanisms by which D1R-D3R co-stimulation led to in vivo synergy, levels of striatal phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK1/2) were quantified after administration of SKF38393 and/or PD128907. Combined agonist treatment synergistically drove striatal pERK1/2 expression. Together, these results support the presence of a functional, synergistic interaction between D1R and D3R that manifests both behaviorally and biochemically to drive dyskinesia in hemi-parkinsonian rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Lanza
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
| | - Samantha M Meadows
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
| | - Nicole E Chambers
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
| | - Emily Nuss
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
| | - Molly M Deak
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
| | - Sergi Ferré
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 251 Bayview Blvd #200, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Christopher Bishop
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
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Solís O, Moratalla R. Dopamine receptors: homomeric and heteromeric complexes in l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1187-1194. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Solís O, Garcia-Montes JR, González-Granillo A, Xu M, Moratalla R. Dopamine D3 Receptor Modulates l-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia by Targeting D1 Receptor-Mediated Striatal Signaling. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:435-446. [PMID: 26483399 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhv231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) belongs to the dopamine D2-like receptor family and is principally located in the ventral striatum. However, previous studies reported D3R overexpression in the dorsal striatum following l-DOPA treatment in parkinsonian animals. This fact has drawn attention in the importance of D3R in l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). Here, we used D3R knockout mice to assess the role of D3R in LID and rotational sensitization in the hemiparkinsonian model. Mice lacking D3R presented a reduction in dyskinesia without interfering with the antiparkinsonian l-DOPA effect and were accompanied by a reduction in the l-DOPA-induced rotations. Interestingly, deleting D3R attenuated important molecular markers in the D1R-neurons such as FosB, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and histone-3 (H3)-activation. Colocalization studies in D1R-tomato and D2R-green fluorescent protein BAC-transgenic mice indicated that l-DOPA-induced D3R overexpression principally occurs in D1R-containing neurons although it is also present in the D2R-neurons. Moreover, D3R pharmacological blockade with PG01037 reduced dyskinesia and the molecular markers expressed in D1R-neurons. In addition, this antagonist further reduced dyskinetic symptoms in D1R heterozygous mice, indicating a direct interaction between D1R and D3R. Together, our results demonstrate that D3R modulates the development of dyskinesia by targeting D1R-mediated intracellular signaling and suggest that decreasing D3R activity may help to ameliorate LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Solís
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Ruben Garcia-Montes
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aldo González-Granillo
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rosario Moratalla
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, CSIC, Madrid 28002, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Spigolon G, Cavaccini A, Trusel M, Tonini R, Fisone G. cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mediates cortico-striatal signaling in a model of Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 110:37-46. [PMID: 29107639 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway has been extensively studied with regard to its involvement in neurodegenerative processes, but little is known about its functions in neurotransmission. In a mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD), we show that the pharmacological activation of dopamine D1 receptors (D1R) produces a large increase in JNK phosphorylation. This effect is secondary to dopamine depletion, and is restricted to the striatal projection neurons that innervate directly the output structures of the basal ganglia (dSPN). Activation of JNK in dSPN relies on cAMP-induced phosphorylation of the dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32kDa (DARPP-32), but does not require N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor transmission. Electrophysiological experiments on acute brain slices from PD mice show that inhibition of JNK signaling in dSPN prevents the increase in synaptic strength caused by activation of D1Rs. Together, our findings show that dopamine depletion confers to JNK the ability to mediate dopamine transmission, informing the future development of therapies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Spigolon
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Cavaccini
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Massimo Trusel
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Raffaella Tonini
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Gilberto Fisone
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Wedekind F, Oskamp A, Lang M, Hawlitschka A, Zilles K, Wree A, Bauer A. Intrastriatal administration of botulinum neurotoxin A normalizes striatal D2R binding and reduces striatal D1R binding in male hemiparkinsonian rats. J Neurosci Res 2017; 96:75-86. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Wedekind
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, Research Center Jülich; Jülich Germany
| | - Angela Oskamp
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, Research Center Jülich; Jülich Germany
| | - Markus Lang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-5, Research Center Jülich; Jülich Germany
| | | | - Karl Zilles
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-1, Research Center Jülich; Jülich Germany
- Department of Psychiatry; Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen and JARA-Translational Brain Medicine; Aachen Germany
| | - Andreas Wree
- Institute of Anatomy; Rostock University Medical Center; Rostock Germany
| | - Andreas Bauer
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-2, Research Center Jülich; Jülich Germany
- Department of Neurology; Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
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Carta AR, Mulas G, Bortolanza M, Duarte T, Pillai E, Fisone G, Vozari RR, Del-Bel E. l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and neuroinflammation: do microglia and astrocytes play a role? Eur J Neurosci 2016; 45:73-91. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna R. Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Giovanna Mulas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Mariza Bortolanza
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- USP, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Terence Duarte
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- USP, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Elisabetta Pillai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato; S.P. N. 8 09042 Monserrato Cagliari Italy
| | - Gilberto Fisone
- Department of Neuroscience; Karolinska Institutet; Retzius väg 8 17177 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Rita Raisman Vozari
- INSERM U 1127; CNRS UMR 7225; UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR S 1127; Institut Du Cerveau et de La Moelle Epiniére; ICM; Paris France
| | - Elaine Del-Bel
- School of Odontology of Ribeirão Preto; Department of Morphology, Physiology and Basic Pathology; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Café S/N 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
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Maiola R, Ramirez Gómez CC, Micheli F. Lingual protrusion dystonia: Manifestation during “on” periods in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Sci 2016; 370:256-257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Del-Bel E, Bortolanza M, Dos-Santos-Pereira M, Bariotto K, Raisman-Vozari R. l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease: Are neuroinflammation and astrocytes key elements? Synapse 2016; 70:479-500. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Del-Bel
- Department of MFPB-Physiology; FORP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Café, s/no Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-904 Brazil
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Physiology; FMRP; São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Neurology and Behavioral Neuroscience; FMRP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Bandeirantes 13400 Ribeirão Preto SP 14049-900 Brazil
| | - Mariza Bortolanza
- Department of MFPB-Physiology; FORP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Café, s/no Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-904 Brazil
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
| | - Maurício Dos-Santos-Pereira
- Department of MFPB-Physiology; FORP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Café, s/no Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-904 Brazil
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Physiology; FMRP; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Keila Bariotto
- Department of MFPB-Physiology; FORP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Café, s/no Ribeirão Preto SP 14040-904 Brazil
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Applied Neurosciences (NAPNA); São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Neurology and Behavioral Neuroscience; FMRP, Campus USP, University of São Paulo; Av. Bandeirantes 13400 Ribeirão Preto SP 14049-900 Brazil
| | - Rita Raisman-Vozari
- INSERM UMR 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, UPMC; Thérapeutique Expérimentale de la Neurodégénérescence, Hôpital de la Salpetrière-ICM (Institut du cerveau et de la moelle épinière); Paris France
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31
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Leggio GM, Bucolo C, Platania CBM, Salomone S, Drago F. Current drug treatments targeting dopamine D3 receptor. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 165:164-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Stocchi F, Torti M, Fossati C. Advances in dopamine receptor agonists for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2016; 17:1889-902. [PMID: 27561098 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2016.1219337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dopamine agonists (DA) are a class of agents which directly stimulate dopamine receptors mimicking the endogenous neurotransmitter dopamine. At first used as adjunctive therapy in the advanced phases of the disease, over the years a significant role was found for DA monotherapy as a first approach in the initial stage of Parkinson's disease (PD). Several reviews have already reported efficacy and safety of DA in PD and differences between DA and levodopa. Therefore the objective of this review is to gather recent updates in DA therapy. A thorough knowledge of recent literature evidences, would help clinician in the management of treatment with DA. AREAS COVERED Our review investigates recent updates on DA therapy, the role of these compounds in controlling non-motor symptoms (NMS) as well as new formulations under clinical evaluation and newly emerged post-marketing safety considerations. A literature search has been performed using Medline and reviewing the bibliographies of selected articles. EXPERT OPINION DA represents a very important option in the treatment of PD, even though there are still some criticisms and unmet needs. A better knowledge of dopamine receptors could lead to identification of new compounds able to better balance clinical efficacy and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Stocchi
- a Department of Neurology, Institute for research and medical care , IRCCS San Raffaele Roma , Roma , Italy
| | - Margherita Torti
- a Department of Neurology, Institute for research and medical care , IRCCS San Raffaele Roma , Roma , Italy
| | - Chiara Fossati
- a Department of Neurology, Institute for research and medical care , IRCCS San Raffaele Roma , Roma , Italy
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Gurevich EV, Gainetdinov RR, Gurevich VV. G protein-coupled receptor kinases as regulators of dopamine receptor functions. Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:1-16. [PMID: 27178731 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Actions of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain are mediated by dopamine receptors that belong to the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Mammals have five dopamine receptor subtypes, D1 through D5. D1 and D5 couple to Gs/olf and activate adenylyl cyclase, whereas D2, D3, and D4 couple to Gi/o and inhibit it. Most GPCRs upon activation by an agonist are phosphorylated by GPCR kinases (GRKs). The GRK phosphorylation makes receptors high-affinity binding partners for arrestin proteins. Arrestin binding to active phosphorylated receptors stops further G protein activation and promotes receptor internalization, recycling or degradation, thereby regulating their signaling and trafficking. Four non- visual GRKs are expressed in striatal neurons. Here we describe known effects of individual GRKs on dopamine receptors in cell culture and in the two in vivo models of dopamine-mediated signaling: behavioral response to psychostimulants and L-DOPA- induced dyskinesia. Dyskinesia, associated with dopamine super-sensitivity of striatal neurons, is a debilitating side effect of L-DOPA therapy in Parkinson's disease. In vivo, GRK subtypes show greater receptor specificity than in vitro or in cultured cells. Overexpression, knockdown, and knockout of individual GRKs, particularly GRK2 and GRK6, have differential effects on signaling of dopamine receptor subtypes in the brain. Furthermore, deletion of GRK isoforms in select striatal neuronal types differentially affects psychostimulant-induced behaviors. In addition, anti-dyskinetic effect of GRK3 does not require its kinase activity: it is mediated by the binding of its RGS-like domain to Gαq/11, which suppresses Gq/11 signaling. The data demonstrate that the dopamine signaling in defined neuronal types in vivo is regulated by specific and finely orchestrated actions of GRK isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37221, USA.
| | - Raul R Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia; Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, 143025, Moscow, Russia
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A Role for Mitogen- and Stress-Activated Kinase 1 in L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia and ∆FosB Expression. Biol Psychiatry 2016; 79:362-371. [PMID: 25193242 PMCID: PMC4309747 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 has been implicated in 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (L-DOPA)-induced dyskinesia (LID), a motor complication affecting Parkinson's disease patients subjected to standard pharmacotherapy. We examined the involvement of mitogen- and stress-activated kinase 1 (MSK1), a downstream target of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2, and an important regulator of transcription in LID. METHODS 6-Hydroxydopamine was used to produce a model of Parkinson's disease in MSK1 knockout mice and in ∆FosB- or ∆cJun-overexpressing transgenic mice, which were assessed for LID following long-term L-DOPA administration. Biochemical processes were evaluated by Western blotting or immunofluorescence. Histone H3 phosphorylation was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by promotor-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Genetic inactivation of MSK1 attenuated LID and reduced the phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser10 in the striatum. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that this reduction occurred at the level of the fosB gene promoter. In line with this observation, the accumulation of ∆FosB produced by chronic L-DOPA was reduced in MSK1 knockout. Moreover, inducible overexpression of ∆FosB in striatonigral medium spiny neurons exacerbated dyskinetic behavior, whereas overexpression of ∆cJun, which reduces ∆FosB-dependent transcriptional activation, counteracted LID. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that abnormal regulation of MSK1 contributes to the development of LID and to the concomitant increase in striatal ∆FosB, which may occur via increased histone H3 phosphorylation at the fosB promoter. Results also show that accumulation of ∆FosB in striatonigral neurons is causally related to the development of dyskinesia.
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Atlas D. DopAmide: Novel, Water-Soluble, Slow-Release l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) Precursor Moderates l-DOPA Conversion to Dopamine and Generates a Sustained Level of Dopamine at Dopaminergic Neurons. CNS Neurosci Ther 2016; 22:461-7. [PMID: 26861609 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with motor complications known as l-DOPA-induced dyskinesias (LID) and on/off fluctuations, which are linked to unsteady pulsatile dopaminergic stimulation. AIM The objective of this study was to improve l-DOPA treatment by slowing and stabilizing dopamine (DA) production in the brain and increasing water solubility to provide a rescue therapy for PD. RESULTS We synthesized l-DOPA-amide, a novel l-DOPA precursor called DopAmide. DopAmide is water soluble and, as a prodrug, requires hydrolysis prior to decarboxylation by the aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.28; AAAD). In the 6-OH-dopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats, DopAmide maintained steady rotations for up to 4 h compared with 2 h by l-DOPA, suggesting that this rate-limiting step generated a sustained level of DA at dopaminergic neurons. Pharmacokinetic studies showed elimination half-life of l-DOPA in the plasma after DopAmide treatment of t1/2 = 4.1 h, significantly longer than t1/2 = 2.9 h after treatment with l-DOPA, consistent with the 6-OHDA results. CONCLUSIONS The slow conversion of DopAmide to l-DOPA provides a sustained level of DA in the dopaminergic cells, shown by the long 6-OHDA steady rotations. The water solubility and improved bioavailability may help reduce medication frequency associated with l-DOPA treatment of PD. Sustained levels of DA might lower the super-sensitization of DA signaling and potentially attenuate l-DOPA adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Atlas
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Gene therapy blockade of dorsal striatal p11 improves motor function and dyskinesia in parkinsonian mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:1423-8. [PMID: 26787858 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1524387113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Complications of dopamine replacement for Parkinson's disease (PD) can limit therapeutic options, leading to interest in identifying novel pathways that can be exploited to improve treatment. p11 (S100A10) is a cellular scaffold protein that binds to and potentiates the activity of various ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors. We have previously reported that p11 can influence ventral striatal function in models of depression and drug addiction, and thus we hypothesized that dorsal striatal p11 might mediate motor function and drug responses in parkinsonian mice. To focally inhibit p11 expression in the dorsal striatum, we injected an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector producing a short hairpin RNA (AAV.sh.p11). This intervention reduced the impairment in motor function on forced tasks, such as rotarod and treadmill tests, caused by substantia nigra lesioning in mice. Measures of spontaneous movement and gait in an open-field test declined as expected in control lesioned mice, whereas AAV.sh.p11 mice remained at or near normal baseline. Mice with unilateral lesions were then challenged with l-dopa (levodopa) and various dopamine receptor agonists, and resulting rotational behaviors were significantly reduced after ipsilateral inhibition of dorsal striatal p11 expression. Finally, p11 knockdown in the dorsal striatum dramatically reduced l-dopa-induced abnormal involuntary movements compared with control mice. These data indicate that focal inhibition of p11 action in the dorsal striatum could be a promising PD therapeutic target to improve motor function while reducing l-dopa-induced dyskinesias.
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Gurevich EV, Gainetdinov RR, Gurevich VV. Regulation of Dopamine-Dependent Behaviors by G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinases. METHODS IN PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3798-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Payer DE, Guttman M, Kish SJ, Tong J, Adams JR, Rusjan P, Houle S, Furukawa Y, Wilson AA, Boileau I. D3 dopamine receptor-preferring [11C]PHNO PET imaging in Parkinson patients with dyskinesia. Neurology 2015; 86:224-30. [PMID: 26718579 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000002285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID) are associated with D3 overexpression in levodopa-treated humans with Parkinson disease (PD). METHODS In this case-control study, we used PET with the D3-preferring radioligand [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO to estimate D2/3 receptor binding in patients with levodopa-treated PD with LID (n = 12) and without LID (n = 12), and healthy control subjects matched for age, sex, education, and mental status (n = 18). RESULTS Compared to nondyskinetic patients, those with LID showed heightened [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO binding in the D3-rich globus pallidus. Both PD groups also showed higher binding than controls in the sensorimotor division of the striatum. In contrast, D2/3 binding in the ventral striatum was lower in patients with LID than without, possibly reflecting higher dopamine levels. CONCLUSIONS Dopaminergic abnormalities contributing to LID may include elevated D2/3 binding in globus pallidus, perhaps reflecting D3 receptor upregulation. The findings support therapeutic strategies that target and diminish activity at D3 to prevent LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris E Payer
- From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada
| | - Mark Guttman
- From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada
| | - Stephen J Kish
- From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada
| | - Junchao Tong
- From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada
| | - John R Adams
- From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada
| | - Pablo Rusjan
- From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada
| | - Sylvain Houle
- From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada
| | - Yoshiaki Furukawa
- From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada
| | - Alan A Wilson
- From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada
| | - Isabelle Boileau
- From the Addictions Program (D.E.P., I.B.), the Research Imaging Centre (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), and the Human Brain Laboratory (M.G., S.J.K., Y.F.), Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (S.J.K., J.T., P.R., S.H., A.A.W., I.B.), Toronto; the Departments of Psychiatry (D.E.P., S.J.K., J.T., A.A.W., I.B.) and Pharmacology (S.J.K.), University of Toronto; and the Centre for Movement Disorders (M.G., J.R.A.), Markham, Canada.
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Bastide MF, Meissner WG, Picconi B, Fasano S, Fernagut PO, Feyder M, Francardo V, Alcacer C, Ding Y, Brambilla R, Fisone G, Jon Stoessl A, Bourdenx M, Engeln M, Navailles S, De Deurwaerdère P, Ko WKD, Simola N, Morelli M, Groc L, Rodriguez MC, Gurevich EV, Quik M, Morari M, Mellone M, Gardoni F, Tronci E, Guehl D, Tison F, Crossman AR, Kang UJ, Steece-Collier K, Fox S, Carta M, Angela Cenci M, Bézard E. Pathophysiology of L-dopa-induced motor and non-motor complications in Parkinson's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2015. [PMID: 26209473 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Involuntary movements, or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa (L-dopa) therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). L-dopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) are ultimately experienced by the vast majority of patients. In addition, psychiatric conditions often manifested as compulsive behaviours, are emerging as a serious problem in the management of L-dopa therapy. The present review attempts to provide an overview of our current understanding of dyskinesia and other L-dopa-induced dysfunctions, a field that dramatically evolved in the past twenty years. In view of the extensive literature on LID, there appeared a critical need to re-frame the concepts, to highlight the most suitable models, to review the central nervous system (CNS) circuitry that may be involved, and to propose a pathophysiological framework was timely and necessary. An updated review to clarify our understanding of LID and other L-dopa-related side effects was therefore timely and necessary. This review should help in the development of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing the generation of dyskinetic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu F Bastide
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Wassilios G Meissner
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bordeaux, France
| | - Barbara Picconi
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Fasano
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Pierre-Olivier Fernagut
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Michael Feyder
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veronica Francardo
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cristina Alcacer
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yunmin Ding
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Riccardo Brambilla
- Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Gilberto Fisone
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Jon Stoessl
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and National Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bourdenx
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Michel Engeln
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvia Navailles
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe De Deurwaerdère
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Wai Kin D Ko
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicola Simola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Cagliari University, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Micaela Morelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, Cagliari University, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Laurent Groc
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut Interdisciplinaire de neurosciences, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut Interdisciplinaire de neurosciences, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Maria-Cruz Rodriguez
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia and Neuroscience Unit, Bio Donostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Eugenia V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Maryka Quik
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, CA 94025, USA
| | - Michele Morari
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Manuela Mellone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tronci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Physiology Section, Cagliari University, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Dominique Guehl
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - François Tison
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Un Jung Kang
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kathy Steece-Collier
- Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Department of Translational Science and Molecular Medicine & The Udall Center of Excellence in Parkinson's Disease Research, 333 Bostwick Ave NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Susan Fox
- Morton & Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Center, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M4T 2S8, Canada
| | - Manolo Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Physiology Section, Cagliari University, Cagliari, Italy
| | - M Angela Cenci
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Erwan Bézard
- Univ. de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Motac Neuroscience Ltd, Manchester, UK.
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40
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Gurevich EV, Gurevich VV. Beyond traditional pharmacology: new tools and approaches. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3229-41. [PMID: 25572005 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional pharmacology is defined as the science that deals with drugs and their actions. While small molecule drugs have clear advantages, there are many cases where they have proved to be ineffective, prone to unacceptable side effects, or where due to a particular disease aetiology they cannot possibly be effective. A dominant feature of the small molecule drugs is their single mindedness: they provide either continuous inhibition or continuous activation of the target. Because of that, these drugs tend to engage compensatory mechanisms leading to drug tolerance, drug resistance or, in some cases, sensitization and consequent loss of therapeutic efficacy over time and/or unwanted side effects. Here we discuss new and emerging therapeutic tools and approaches that have potential for treating the majority of disorders for which small molecules are either failing or cannot be developed. These new tools include biologics, such as recombinant hormones and antibodies, as well as approaches involving gene transfer (gene therapy and genome editing) and the introduction of specially designed self-replicating cells. It is clear that no single method is going to be a 'silver bullet', but collectively, these novel approaches hold promise for curing practically every disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- E V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - V V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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41
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GRK3 suppresses L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the rat model of Parkinson's disease via its RGS homology domain. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10920. [PMID: 26043205 PMCID: PMC4455246 DOI: 10.1038/srep10920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons causes Parkinson’s disease. Dopamine replacement therapy with L-DOPA is the best available treatment. However, patients develop L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). In the hemiparkinsonian rat, chronic L-DOPA increases rotations and abnormal involuntary movements modeling LID, via supersensitive dopamine receptors. Dopamine receptors are controlled by G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs). Here we demonstrate that LID is attenuated by overexpression of GRK3 in the striatum, whereas knockdown of GRK3 by microRNA exacerbated it. Kinase-dead GRK3 and its separated RGS homology domain (RH) suppressed sensitization to L-DOPA, whereas GRK3 with disabled RH did not. RH alleviated LID without compromising anti-akinetic effect of L-DOPA. RH binds striatal Gq. GRK3, kinase-dead GRK3, and RH inhibited accumulation of ∆FosB, a marker of LID. RH-dead mutant was ineffective, whereas GRK3 knockdown exacerbated ∆FosB accumulation. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism of GRK3 control of the dopamine receptor signaling and the role of Gq in LID.
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Niccolini F, Rocchi L, Politis M. Molecular imaging of levodopa-induced dyskinesias. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:2107-17. [PMID: 25681866 PMCID: PMC11113208 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs) occur in the majority of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) following years of levodopa treatment. The pathophysiology underlying LIDs in PD is poorly understood, and current treatments generate only minor benefits for the patients. Studies with positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging have demonstrated that in advanced PD patients, levodopa administration induces sharp increases in striatal dopamine levels, which correlate with LIDs severity. Fluctuations in striatal dopamine levels could be the result of the attenuated buffering ability in the dopaminergically denervated striatum. Lines of evidence from PET studies indicate that serotonergic terminals could also be responsible for the development of LIDs in PD by aberrantly processing exogenous levodopa and by releasing dopamine in a dysregulated manner from the serotonergic terminals. Additionally, other downstream mechanisms involving glutamatergic, cannabinoid, opioid, cholinergic, adenosinergic, and noradrenergic systems may contribute in the development of LIDs. In this article, we review the findings from preclinical, clinical, and molecular imaging studies, which have contributed to our understanding the pathophysiology of LIDs in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Niccolini
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Lorenzo Rocchi
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF UK
| | - Marios Politis
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, SE5 8AF UK
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Wang T, Duan SJ, Wang SY, Lu Y, Zhu Q, Wang LJ, Han B. Coadministration of hydroxysafflor yellow A with levodopa attenuates the dyskinesia. Physiol Behav 2015; 147:193-7. [PMID: 25914172 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Levodopa (L-DOPA) is used as the most effective drug available for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, long-term treatment of L-DOPA frequently causes complications, including abnormal involuntary movements such as dyskinesia and response fluctuations in PD patients. In the present work, we investigated whether hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) ameliorates L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and motor fluctuations in the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat model of PD. Valid PD rats were treated daily with vehicle, HSYA alone, L-DOPA, or a combination of HSYA plus L-DOPA for 21days, respectively. L-DOPA (8mg/kg) and benserazide (15mg/kg) were treated intraperitoneally. HSYA was administrated intraperitoneally at a dose of 10mg/kg. The abnormal involuntary movements and rotational behavior were evaluated. The expression of the dopamine D3 receptor in the striatum was also assayed. The results demonstrated that daily administration of L-DOPA to PD rats for 21days induced a steady expression of dyskinesia. Coadministration of HSYA with L-DOPA significantly ameliorated L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. The combination treatment also prevented the shortening of the motor response duration that defines wearing off motor fluctuations. HSYA also inhibited the increase of expression of the dopamine D3 receptor in the striatum. These findings demonstrated that HSYA provided anti-dyskinetic relief against L-DOPA in a preclinical model of PD via regulating the expression of the dopamine D3 receptor. The combination of L-DOPA and HSYA also reduced the likelihood of wearing off development, and may thus support the utility of such compounds for the improved treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China; State key laboratory of Long-acting and Targeting Drug Delivery Technologies (luye Pharma Group Ltd.), Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Si-jin Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Shu-yun Wang
- School of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Qing Zhu
- School of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Li-jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China
| | - Bing Han
- School of Life Science, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, PR China.
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Simms SL, Huettner DP, Kortagere S. In vivo characterization of a novel dopamine D3 receptor agonist to treat motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Neuropharmacology 2015; 100:106-15. [PMID: 25896768 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic dopaminergic agents have found utility in treating neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders since the beginning of 19th century. The discovery of Levodopa (l-dopa) to effectively treat motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) revolutionized the therapy and remains a gold standard for treating PD. However, l-dopa therapy has been implicated in worsening of the non-motor symptoms including cognition and long-term therapy leads to plasticity and development of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) that are collectively called l-dopa induced dyskinesias (LID). Studies in rodents and non-human primates with PD have supported a role for dopamine D3 receptors in the etiology of both the motor symptoms and LID. We have recently developed SK609, a selective dopamine D3 receptor agonist with atypical signaling properties. In this study, we further characterized this novel small molecule using the unilateral lesioned rodent model of PD. In the forepaw stepping test paradigm, SK609 significantly improved the performance of the impaired paw and also normalized the bilateral asymmetry associated with the hemiparkinson rat. In addition, a chronic treatment of SK609 did not induce any AIMs and when used adjuvantly with l-dopa significantly reduced AIMs induced by l-dopa. Further, an optimal dose combination of SK609 with l-dopa was determined by dose dependent titrations of both SK609 and l-dopa that produced minimal AIMs and maximized the effect on improving motor symptoms. Results from this study suggest that SK609 is a novel dopaminergic agent that has the therapeutic potential to treat PD and LID. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Synaptopathy--from Biology to Therapy'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherise L Simms
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
| | - Daniel P Huettner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Molecular Parasitology, Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
| | - Sandhya Kortagere
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Centers for Molecular Parasitology, Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA.
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Ahmed MR, Bychkov E, Kook S, Zurkovsky L, Dalby KN, Gurevich EV. Overexpression of GRK6 rescues L-DOPA-induced signaling abnormalities in the dopamine-depleted striatum of hemiparkinsonian rats. Exp Neurol 2015; 266:42-54. [PMID: 25687550 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
l-DOPA therapy in Parkinson's disease often results in side effects such as l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). Our previous studies demonstrated that defective desensitization of dopamine receptors caused by decreased expression of G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) plays a role. Overexpression of GRK6, the isoform regulating dopamine receptors, in parkinsonian rats and monkeys alleviated LID and reduced LID-associated changes in gene expression. Here we show that 2-fold lentivirus-mediated overexpression of GRK6 in the dopamine-depleted striatum in rats unilaterally lesioned with 6-hydroxydopamine ameliorated supersensitive ERK response to l-DOPA challenge caused by loss of dopamine. A somewhat stronger effect of GRK6 was observed in drug-naïve than in chronically l-DOPA-treated animals. GRK6 reduced the responsiveness of p38 MAP kinase to l-DOPA challenge rendered supersensitive by dopamine depletion. The JNK MAP kinase was unaffected by loss of dopamine, chronic or acute l-DOPA, or GRK6. Overexpressed GRK6 suppressed enhanced activity of Akt in the lesioned striatum by reducing elevated phosphorylation at its major activating residue Thr(308). Finally, GRK6 reduced accumulation of ΔFosB in the lesioned striatum, the effect that paralleled a decrease in locomotor sensitization to l-DOPA in GRK6-expressing rats. The results suggest that elevated GRK6 facilitate desensitization of DA receptors, thereby normalizing of the activity of multiple signaling pathways implicated in LID. Thus, improving the regulation of dopamine receptor function via the desensitization mechanism could be an effective way of managing LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rafiuddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Evgeny Bychkov
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Seunghyi Kook
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Lilia Zurkovsky
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kevin N Dalby
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Eugenia V Gurevich
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Pilleri M, Antonini A. Therapeutic strategies to prevent and manage dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2014; 14:281-94. [PMID: 25483147 DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2015.988137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic treatment with levodopa is associated with the development of motor fluctuations and dyskinesias particularly in young Parkinson patients. In some cases, dyskinesias become so severe that they interfere with normal movement and negatively impact quality of life. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss benefits and limits of available therapeutic approaches aimed at delaying or managing dyskinesias as well as new strategies that are currently under investigation. EXPERT OPINION Among available treatments, monotherapy with dopamine agonists in the early phases of the disease reduces the risk for dyskinesias compared with levodopa. Nevertheless, dopamine agonists are unable to prevent dyskinesias once levodopa is added, which is always required once disease severity progresses. Convincing evidence of dyskinesia improvement has been shown only for deep brain stimulation and to some extent also for duodenal levodopa infusion and subcutaneous apomorphine. These approaches are expensive, have restrictive inclusion criteria and can cause potentially serious side effects. Alternative therapies include drugs targeting nondopaminergic neurotransmitter systems. Amantadine improves dyskinesias but its long-term effect is often unsatisfactory. Glutamatergic and gabaergic compounds have been tested in clinical trials, with promising results. By contrast, adrenergic drugs, fipamezole and idazoxan, did not show antidyskinetic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Pilleri
- Parkinson Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, "Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo" - I.R.C.C.S , Via Alberoni 7030126 Venice , Italy , +39 41 2207554 ,
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Cote SR, Kuzhikandathil EV. Chronic levodopa treatment alters expression and function of dopamine D3 receptor in the MPTP/p mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2014; 585:33-7. [PMID: 25445374 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic treatment with levodopa or antipsychotics results in manifestation of side-effects such as dyskinesia which correlates with changes in expression and function of receptors and signaling proteins. Previous studies have suggested a role for the dopamine D3 receptor in Parkinson's disease (PD) and tardive dyskinesia. Yet the expression and signaling function of D3 receptor in these disorders is not well understood. Here we tested the hypothesis that chronic levodopa treatment alters both expression and function of D3 receptors in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine plus probenecid (MPTP/p) mouse model of PD. drd3-EGFP reporter mice were injected biweekly with saline or MPTP and probenecid for a 5-week period. During the last two weeks of the 5-week period, the mice were administered saline or levodopa twice daily. Locomotor activity was measured during the treatment period. D3 receptor expression was determined by western blot analysis. D3 receptor signaling function was determined at tissue and single cell level by measuring the activation of D3 receptor-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. The drd3-EGFP mice administered MPTP/p exhibited akinesia/bradykinesia. Expression of D3 receptor protein in the dorsal striatum specifically increased in the MPTP/p-treated mice administered levodopa. In the dorsal striatum of levodopa and MPTP/p-treated drd3-EGFP mice, administration of a D3 receptor-selective dose of agonist, PD128907, failed to activate D3 receptor-MAPK signaling. These results suggest that MPTP-induced lesion and chronic levodopa treatment alters D3 receptor expression and function in the dorsal striatum which could contribute to the development of dyskinesias and other motor side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R Cote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, MSB, I-647, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Eldo V Kuzhikandathil
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, MSB, I-647, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
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48
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Subthalamotomy-induced changes in dopamine receptors in parkinsonian monkeys. Exp Neurol 2014; 261:816-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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49
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Farré D, Muñoz A, Moreno E, Reyes-Resina I, Canet-Pons J, Dopeso-Reyes IG, Rico AJ, Lluís C, Mallol J, Navarro G, Canela EI, Cortés A, Labandeira-García JL, Casadó V, Lanciego JL, Franco R. Stronger Dopamine D1 Receptor-Mediated Neurotransmission in Dyskinesia. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:1408-1420. [PMID: 25344317 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Radioligand binding assays to rat striatal dopamine D1 receptors showed that brain lateralization of the dopaminergic system were not due to changes in expression but in agonist affinity. D1 receptor-mediated striatal imbalance resulted from a significantly higher agonist affinity in the left striatum. D1 receptors heteromerize with dopamine D3 receptors, which are considered therapeutic targets for dyskinesia in parkinsonian patients. Expression of both D3 and D1-D3 receptor heteromers were increased in samples from 6-hydroxy-dopamine-hemilesioned rats rendered dyskinetic by treatment with 3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl-L-alanine (L-DOPA). Similar findings were obtained using striatal samples from primates. Radioligand binding studies in the presence of a D3 agonist led in dyskinetic, but not in lesioned or L-DOPA-treated rats, to a higher dopamine sensitivity. Upon D3-receptor activation, the affinity of agonists for binding to the right striatal D1 receptor increased. Excess dopamine coming from L-DOPA medication likely activates D3 receptors thus making right and left striatal D1 receptors equally responsive to dopamine. These results show that dyskinesia occurs concurrently with a right/left striatal balance in D1 receptor-mediated neurotransmission.
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MESH Headings
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Caudate Nucleus/drug effects
- Caudate Nucleus/physiopathology
- Corpus Striatum/drug effects
- Corpus Striatum/physiopathology
- Dimerization
- Dominance, Cerebral/drug effects
- Dopamine/metabolism
- Dopamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/etiology
- Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/physiopathology
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Levodopa/pharmacology
- Levodopa/toxicity
- Macaca fascicularis
- Male
- Oxidopamine/toxicity
- Parkinsonian Disorders/chemically induced
- Parkinsonian Disorders/physiopathology
- Putamen/drug effects
- Putamen/physiopathology
- Radioligand Assay
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/agonists
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D3/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Dopamine D3/genetics
- Receptors, Dopamine D3/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Farré
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Prevosti Building, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Muñoz
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Prevosti Building, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Reyes-Resina
- Neuroscience Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Júlia Canet-Pons
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Prevosti Building, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iria G Dopeso-Reyes
- Neuroscience Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto J Rico
- Neuroscience Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Lluís
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Prevosti Building, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefa Mallol
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Prevosti Building, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Prevosti Building, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric I Canela
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Prevosti Building, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Cortés
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Prevosti Building, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José L Labandeira-García
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy and Experimental Neurology, Department of Morphological Sciences, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicent Casadó
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Prevosti Building, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José L Lanciego
- Neuroscience Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, Prevosti Building, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Neuroscience Department, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain.
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50
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Selective loss of bi-directional synaptic plasticity in the direct and indirect striatal output pathways accompanies generation of parkinsonism and l-DOPA induced dyskinesia in mouse models. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 71:334-44. [PMID: 25171793 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinsonian symptoms arise due to over-activity of the indirect striatal output pathway, and under-activity of the direct striatal output pathway. l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) is caused when the opposite circuitry problems are established, with the indirect pathway becoming underactive, and the direct pathway becoming over-active. Here, we define synaptic plasticity abnormalities in these pathways associated with parkinsonism, symptomatic benefits of l-DOPA, and LID. We applied spike-timing dependent plasticity protocols to cortico-striatal synapses in slices from 6-OHDA-lesioned mouse models of parkinsonism and LID, generated in BAC transgenic mice with eGFP targeting the direct or indirect output pathways, with and without l-DOPA present. In naïve mice, bidirectional synaptic plasticity, i.e. LTP and LTD, was induced, resulting in an EPSP amplitude change of approximately 50% in each direction in both striatal output pathways, as shown previously. In parkinsonism and dyskinesia, both pathways exhibited unidirectional plasticity, irrespective of stimulation paradigm. In parkinsonian animals, the indirect pathway only exhibited LTP (LTP protocol: 143.5±14.6%; LTD protocol 177.7±22.3% of baseline), whereas the direct pathway only showed LTD (LTP protocol: 74.3±4.0% and LTD protocol: 63.3±8.7%). A symptomatic dose of l-DOPA restored bidirectional plasticity on both pathways to levels comparable to naïve animals (Indirect pathway: LTP protocol: 124.4±22.0% and LTD protocol: 52.1±18.5% of baseline. Direct pathway: LTP protocol: 140.7±7.3% and LTD protocol: 58.4±6.0% of baseline). In dyskinesia, in the presence of l-DOPA, the indirect pathway exhibited only LTD (LTP protocol: 68.9±21.3% and LTD protocol 52.0±14.2% of baseline), whereas in the direct pathway, only LTP could be induced (LTP protocol: 156.6±13.2% and LTD protocol 166.7±15.8% of baseline). We conclude that normal motor control requires bidirectional plasticity of both striatal outputs, which underlies the symptomatic benefits of l-DOPA. Switching from bidirectional to unidirectional plasticity drives global changes in striatal pathway excitability, and underpins parkinsonism and dyskinesia.
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