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Lorenzo-Betancor O, Mehta S, Ramchandra J, Mumuney S, Schumacher-Schuh AF, Cornejo-Olivas M, Sarapura-Castro EH, Torres L, Inca-Martinez MA, Mazzetti P, Cosentino C, Micheli F, Tumas V, Dieguez E, Raggio V, Borges V, Ferraz HB, Chana-Cuevas P, Jimenez-Del-Rio M, Velez-Pardo C, Moreno S, Lopera F, Orozco-Velez JL, Muñoz-Ospina B, Rieder CRM, Medina-Escobar A, Yearout D, Zabetian CP, Mata IF. Parkinson's Disease Gene Screening in Familial Cases from Central and South America. Mov Disord 2024. [PMID: 39051491 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease following Alzheimer's disease. Nearly 30 causative genes have been identified for PD and related disorders. However, most of these genes were identified in European-derived families, and little is known about their role in Latin American populations. OBJECTIVES Our goal was to assess the spectrum and frequency of pathogenic variants in known PD genes in familial PD patients from Latin America. METHODS We selected 335 PD patients with a family history of PD from the Latin American Research Consortium on the Genetics of PD. We capture-sequenced the coding regions of 26 genes related to neurodegenerative parkinsonism. Of the 335 PD patients, 324 had sufficient sequencing coverage to be analyzed. RESULTS We identified pathogenic variants in 41 individuals (12.7%) in FBXO7, GCH1, LRRK2, PARK7, PINK1, PLA2G6, PRKN, SNCA, and TARDBP, GBA1 risk variants in 25 individuals (7.7%), and variants of uncertain significance in another 24 individuals (7.4%) in ATP13A2, ATP1A3, DNAJC13, DNAJC6, GBA1, LRKK2, PINK1, VPS13C, and VPS35. Of the 70 unique variants identified, 19 were more frequent in Latin Americans than in any other population. CONCLUSIONS This is the first screening of known PD genes in a large cohort of patients with familial PD from Latin America. There were substantial differences in the spectrum of variants observed in comparison to previous findings from PD families of European origin. Our data provide further evidence that differences exist between the genetic architecture of PD in Latinos and European-derived populations. © 2024 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo Lorenzo-Betancor
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Seysha Mehta
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Janvi Ramchandra
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sekinat Mumuney
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Artur F Schumacher-Schuh
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Neurology, Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mario Cornejo-Olivas
- Neurogenetics Working Group, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Neurogenetics Research Center, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima, Peru
| | - Elison H Sarapura-Castro
- Neurogenetics Working Group, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Neurogenetics Research Center, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima, Peru
| | - Luis Torres
- Movement Disorders Unit, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima, Peru
| | - Miguel A Inca-Martinez
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Pilar Mazzetti
- Neurogenetics Research Center, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima, Peru
- School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Carlos Cosentino
- Movement Disorders Unit, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima, Peru
- School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Federico Micheli
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Center, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Parkinson y Movimientos Anormales, Fundación San Gabriel, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elena Dieguez
- Neurology Institute, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Victor Raggio
- Department of Genetics, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Vanderci Borges
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique B Ferraz
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Chana-Cuevas
- Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento (CETRAM), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Marlene Jimenez-Del-Rio
- Neuroscience Research Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Velez-Pardo
- Neuroscience Research Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sonia Moreno
- Neuroscience Research Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francisco Lopera
- Neuroscience Research Group, Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jorge L Orozco-Velez
- Department of Neurology, Valle del Lili Foundation, Cali, Colombia
- Department of Human Sciences, Icesi University, Cali, Colombia
| | - Beatriz Muñoz-Ospina
- Department of Neurology, Valle del Lili Foundation, Cali, Colombia
- Department of Human Sciences, Icesi University, Cali, Colombia
| | - Carlos R M Rieder
- Departamento de Neurologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alex Medina-Escobar
- Department of Neurology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
- The Moncton City Hospital, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Dora Yearout
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cyrus P Zabetian
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ignacio F Mata
- Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Khani M, Cerquera-Cleves C, Kekenadze M, Crea PAW, Singleton AB, Bandres-Ciga S. Towards a Global View of Parkinson's Disease Genetics. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:831-842. [PMID: 38557965 PMCID: PMC11060911 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a global health challenge, yet historically studies of PD have taken place predominantly in European populations. Recent genetics research conducted in non-European populations has revealed novel population-specific genetic loci linked to PD risk, highlighting the importance of studying PD globally. These insights have broadened our understanding of PD etiology, which is crucial for developing disease-modifying interventions. This review comprehensively explores the global genetic landscape of PD, emphasizing the scientific rationale for studying underrepresented populations. It underscores challenges, such as genotype-phenotype heterogeneity and inclusion difficulties for non-European participants, emphasizing the ongoing need for diverse and inclusive research in PD. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:831-842.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Khani
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Catalina Cerquera-Cleves
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, San Ignacio Hospital, Neurology Unit, Bogotá, Colombia
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Axe Neurosciences, Laval University. Quebec City, Canada
| | - Mariam Kekenadze
- Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, 0141, Georgia
- University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology , WC1N 3BG, London, UK
| | - Peter A. Wild Crea
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew B. Singleton
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sara Bandres-Ciga
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institute on Aging and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Saffie Awad P, Teixeira-Dos-Santos D, Santos-Lobato BL, Camargos S, Cornejo-Olivas M, de Mello Rieder CR, Mata IF, Chaná-Cuevas P, Klein C, Schumacher Schuh AF. Frequency of Hereditary and GBA1-Related Parkinsonism in Latin America: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mov Disord 2024; 39:6-16. [PMID: 37921246 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying hereditary parkinsonism is valuable for diagnosis, genetic counseling, patient prioritization in trials, and studying the disease for personalized therapies. However, most studies were conducted in Europeans, and limited data exist on admixed populations like those from Latin America. OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess the frequency and distribution of genetic parkinsonism in Latin America. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the frequency of parkinsonian syndromes associated with genetic pathogenic variants in Latin America. We defined hereditary parkinsonism as those caused by the genes outlined by the MDS Nomenclature of Genetic Movement Disorders and heterozygous carriers of GBA1 pathogenic variants. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and LILACS in August 2022. Researchers reviewed titles and abstracts, and disagreements were resolved by a third researcher. After this screening, five researchers reanalyzed the selection criteria and extracted information based on the full paper. The frequency for each parkinsonism-related gene was determined by the presence of pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants among screened patients. Cochran's Q and I2 tests were used to quantify heterogeneity. Meta-regression, publication bias tests, and sensitivity analysis regarding study quality were also used for LRRK2-, PRKN-, and GBA1-related papers. RESULTS We included 73 studies involving 3014 screened studies from 16 countries. Among 7668 Latin American patients, pathogenic variants were found in 19 different genes. The frequency of the pathogenic variants in LRRK2 was 1.38% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.52-2.57), PRKN was 1.16% (95% CI: 0.08-3.05), and GBA1 was 4.17% (95% CI: 2.57-6.08). For all meta-analysis, heterogeneity was high and publication bias tests were negative, except for PRKN, which was contradictory. Information on the number of pathogenic variants in the other genes is further presented in the text. CONCLUSIONS This study provides insights into hereditary and GBA1-related parkinsonism in Latin America. Lower GBA1 frequencies compared to European/North American cohorts may result from limited access to gene sequencing. Further research is vital for regional prevalence understanding, enabling personalized care and therapies. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Saffie Awad
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento (CETRAM), Santiago, Chile
- Clínica Santa María, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Bruno Lopes Santos-Lobato
- Hospital Ophir Loyola, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratório de Neuropatologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Sarah Camargos
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mario Cornejo-Olivas
- Neurogenetics Working Group, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Neurogenetics Research Center, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Neurologicas, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Ignacio F Mata
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Pedro Chaná-Cuevas
- Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento (CETRAM), Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Artur F Schumacher Schuh
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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GBA1 Gene Mutations in α-Synucleinopathies-Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Pathology and Their Clinical Significance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032044. [PMID: 36768367 PMCID: PMC9917178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Synucleinopathies comprise a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by altered accumulation of a protein called α-synuclein inside neurons and glial cells. This aggregation leads to the formation of intraneuronal inclusions, Lewy bodies, that constitute the hallmark of α-synuclein pathology. The most prevalent α-synucleinopathies are Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). To date, only symptomatic treatment is available for these disorders, hence new approaches to their therapy are needed. It has been observed that GBA1 mutations are one of the most impactful risk factors for developing α-synucleinopathies such as PD and DLB. Mutations in the GBA1 gene, which encodes a lysosomal hydrolase β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase), cause a reduction in GCase activity and impaired α-synuclein metabolism. The most abundant GBA1 gene mutations are N370S or N409S, L444P/L483P and E326K/E365K. The mechanisms by which GCase impacts α-synuclein aggregation are poorly understood and need to be further investigated. Here, we discuss some of the potential interactions between α-synuclein and GCase and show how GBA1 mutations may impact the course of the most prevalent α-synucleinopathies.
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Santos-Lobato BL, Schumacher-Schuh AF, Mata IF. Lack of full sequencing GBA1 studies for patients with Parkinson’s disease in Latin America. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:101. [PMID: 35941142 PMCID: PMC9360049 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00358-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Full sequencing of the GBA1 gene in patients with Parkinson’s disease provides a wide screening of pathogenic variants, but less developed regions of the world, like Latin America, may have difficulties in performing full sequencing. We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to explore the prevalence and the odds ratio of specific GBA1 variants in Parkinson’s disease in Latin America. We noted a lack of full sequencing GBA1 studies in Latin America.
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6
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Torrealba-Acosta G, Yu E, Lobo-Prada T, Ruíz-Martínez J, Gorostidi-Pagola A, Gan-Or Z, Carazo-Céspedes K, Trempe JF, Mata IF, Fornaguera-Trías J. Clinical and Genetic Analysis of Costa Rican Patients With Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2021; 12:656342. [PMID: 34421783 PMCID: PMC8371686 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.656342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Most research in genomics of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been done in subjects of European ancestry, leading to sampling bias and leaving Latin American populations underrepresented. We sought to clinically characterize PD patients of Costa Rican origin and to sequence familial PD and atypical parkinsonism-associated genes in cases and controls. Methods: We enrolled 118 PD patients with 97 unrelated controls. Collected information included demographics, exposure to risk and protective factors, and motor and cognitive assessments. We sequenced coding and untranslated regions in familial PD and atypical parkinsonism-associated genes including GBA, SNCA, VPS35, LRRK2, GCH1, PRKN, PINK1, DJ-1, VPS13C, and ATP13A2. Results: Mean age of PD probands was 62.12 ± 13.51 years; 57.6% were male. The frequency of risk and protective factors averaged ~45%. Physical activity significantly correlated with better motor performance despite years of disease. Increased years of education were significantly associated with better cognitive function, whereas hallucinations, falls, mood disorders, and coffee consumption correlated with worse cognitive performance. We did not identify an association between tested genes and PD or any damaging homozygous or compound heterozygous variants. Rare variants in LRRK2 were nominally associated with PD; six were located between amino acids p.1620 and 1623 in the C-terminal-of-ROC (COR) domain of Lrrk2. Non-synonymous GBA variants (p.T369M, p.N370S, and p.L444P) were identified in three healthy individuals. One PD patient carried a pathogenic GCH1 variant, p.K224R. Discussion: This is the first study that describes sociodemographics, risk factors, clinical presentation, and genetics of Costa Rican patients with PD, adding information to genomics research in a Latino population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Torrealba-Acosta
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Neurosciences Research Center, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Eric Yu
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tanya Lobo-Prada
- Neurosciences Research Center, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.,Department of Biochemistry, Medicine School, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Javier Ruíz-Martínez
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,CIBERNED, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, Spain.,Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organisation, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ana Gorostidi-Pagola
- CIBERNED, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Madrid, Spain.,Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organisation, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, San Sebastian, Spain.,Genomic Platform, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kenneth Carazo-Céspedes
- Department of Neurology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Jean-François Trempe
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ignacio F Mata
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Genomic Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Jaime Fornaguera-Trías
- Neurosciences Research Center, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.,Department of Biochemistry, Medicine School, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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