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Guo S, Hu X, Cotton JL, Ma L, Li Q, Cui J, Wang Y, Thakare RP, Tao Z, Ip YT, Wu X, Wang J, Mao J. VGLL2 and TEAD1 fusion proteins drive YAP/TAZ-independent transcription and tumorigenesis by engaging p300. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.01.592016. [PMID: 38746415 PMCID: PMC11092657 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.01.592016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Studies on Hippo pathway regulation of tumorigenesis largely center on YAP and TAZ, the transcriptional co-regulators of TEAD. Here, we present an oncogenic mechanism involving VGLL and TEAD fusions that is Hippo pathway-related but YAP/TAZ-independent. We characterize two recurrent fusions, VGLL2-NCOA2 and TEAD1-NCOA2, recently identified in spindle cell rhabdomyosarcoma. We demonstrate that, in contrast to VGLL2 and TEAD1, the fusion proteins are strong activators of TEAD-dependent transcription, and their function does not require YAP/TAZ. Furthermore, we identify that VGLL2 and TEAD1 fusions engage specific epigenetic regulation by recruiting histone acetyltransferase p300 to control TEAD-mediated transcriptional and epigenetic landscapes. We showed that small molecule p300 inhibition can suppress fusion proteins-induced oncogenic transformation both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our study reveals a molecular basis for VGLL involvement in cancer and provides a framework for targeting tumors carrying VGLL, TEAD, or NCOA translocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susu Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 241, West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, P. R., 200030, China
| | - Xiaodi Hu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Cotton
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 241, West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, P. R., 200030, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
| | - Jiangtao Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 241, West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, P. R., 200030, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 241, West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, P. R., 200030, China
| | - Ritesh P. Thakare
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
| | - Zhipeng Tao
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
| | - Y. Tony Ip
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
| | - Xu Wu
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 241, West Huaihai Road, Shanghai, P. R., 200030, China
| | - Junhao Mao
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, 01605, USA
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Bertacca I, Pegoraro F, Tondo A, Favre C. Targeted treatment of solid tumors in pediatric precision oncology. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1176790. [PMID: 37213274 PMCID: PMC10196192 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1176790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of childhood solid cancer has markedly evolved in recent years following a refined molecular characterization and the introduction of novel targeted drugs. On one hand, larger sequencing studies have revealed a spectrum of mutations in pediatric tumors different from adults. On the other hand, specific mutations or immune dysregulated pathways have been targeted in preclinical and clinical studies, with heterogeneous results. Of note, the development of national platforms for tumor molecular profiling and, in less measure, for targeted treatment, has been essential in the process. However, many of the available molecules have been tested only in relapsed or refractory patients, and have proven poorly effective, at least in monotherapy. Our future approaches should certainly aim at improving the access to molecular characterization, to obtain a deeper picture of the distinctive phenotype of childhood cancer. In parallel, the implementation of access to novel drugs should not only be limited to basket or umbrella studies but also to larger, multi-drug international studies. In this paper we reviewed the molecular features and the main available therapeutic options in pediatric solid cancer, focusing on available targeted drugs and ongoing investigations, aiming at providing a useful tool to navigate the heterogeneity of this promising but complex field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bertacca
- Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Firenze, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences , University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Pegoraro
- Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Firenze, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences , University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tondo
- Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudio Favre
- Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Firenze, Italy
- *Correspondence: Claudio Favre,
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3
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Proia AD. Spindle Cell/Sclerosing Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Orbit. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2023; 39:e17-e20. [PMID: 35829629 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000002252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A 3-year-old boy developed proptosis over 3 weeks. CT and MRI disclosed a 3.2 × 1.9 cm soft-tissue mass of the right extraconal and intraconal orbit with sphenoid bone erosion. After debulking through an upper eyelid crease incision, the tumor was diagnosed as a spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma. DNA sequencing was negative for an L122R mutation in MyoD1 . Spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma is an uncommon variant of this neoplasm, and only 2 patients with orbital tumors have been reported in 2 case series. Spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcomas confined to the orbit are considered to have an excellent prognosis when treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Diagnosis and treatment planning rely on histology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Proia
- Departments of Pathology and Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology, Campbell University Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lillington, North Carolina, U.S.A
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Jabbari S, Salari B, He M, Dehner LP. Infantile Fibrosarcoma and Other Spindle Cell Neoplasms of Infancy. A Review of Morphologically Overlapping yet Molecularly Distinctive Entities. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2022; 41:996-1014. [PMID: 35044292 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2021.2024631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regardless of age at presentation, many soft tissue neoplasms have overlapping histopathologic and immunophenotypic features to serve as a diagnostic challenge. CASE REPORT We reported a case of a spindle cell neoplasm in an infant, which was initially considered a vascular anomaly clinically and an eventual biopsy revealed marked inflammation with a spindle cell component that was resolved as an infantile fibrosarcoma with an ETV6 break-apart. CONCLUSION The context of this case lead to a further consideration of various other spindle cell neoplasms arising predominantly in the soft tissues during the infancy period as defined by the first two years of age. Though sharing similar morphologic features, these tumors can be categorized into several molecular genetic groups, which have provided both diagnostic and pathogenetic insights as well as treatment options in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Jabbari
- Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Behzad Salari
- Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mai He
- Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA.,St. Louis Children's Hospitals, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Louis P Dehner
- Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA.,St. Louis Children's Hospitals, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Rakheja D, Park JY, Alhasan M, Uddin N. Spindle Cell/Sclerosing Rhabdomyosarcoma With PAX8::PPARG Fusion. Int J Surg Pathol 2022; 30:950-955. [DOI: 10.1177/10668969221095170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The spindle cell/sclerosing subtype of rhabdomyosarcoma is classified based on genetic features into the three categories of MYOD1-mutated, gene fusion-driven, and a subset without a currently identified genetic driver event. The gene fusion-driven spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcomas are heterogenous and characterized by increasing numbers of gene fusions, the most common gene partners being VGLL2, NCOA2, and TFCP2. Here we report a spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma that arose in the orbit of a 4-year-old male. This tumor harbored a unique PAX8::PPARG fusion. PAX8::PPARG fusions have previously only been described in follicular thyroid carcinoma and follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Our report adds to the growing number of gene fusions in spindle cell/sclerosing rhabdomyosarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Rakheja
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Children’s Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jason Y. Park
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Children’s Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mustafa Alhasan
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Children’s Health, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Naseem Uddin
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Children’s Health, Dallas, TX, USA
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Rijs Z, Jeremiasse B, Shifai N, Gelderblom H, Sier CFM, Vahrmeijer AL, van Leeuwen FWB, van der Steeg AFW, van de Sande MAJ. Introducing Fluorescence-Guided Surgery for Pediatric Ewing, Osteo-, and Rhabdomyosarcomas: A Literature Review. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101388. [PMID: 34680505 PMCID: PMC8533294 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are a rare heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms of mesenchymal origin which represent approximately 13% of all cancers in pediatric patients. The most prevalent pediatric bone sarcomas are osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (ES). Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most frequently occurring pediatric soft tissue sarcoma. The median age of OS and ES is approximately 17 years, so this disease is also commonly seen in adults while non-pleiomorphic RMS is rare in the adult population. The mainstay of all treatment regimens is multimodal treatment containing chemotherapy, surgical resection, and sometimes (neo)adjuvant radiotherapy. A clear resection margin improves both local control and overall survival and should be the goal during surgery with a curative intent. Real-time intraoperative fluorescence-guided imaging could facilitate complete resections by visualizing tumor tissue during surgery. This review evaluates whether non-targeted and targeted fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) could be beneficial for pediatric OS, ES, and RMS patients. Necessities for clinical implementation, current literature, and the positive as well as negative aspects of non-targeted FGS using the NIR dye Indocyanine Green (ICG) were evaluated. In addition, we provide an overview of targets that could potentially be used for FGS in OS, ES, and RMS. Then, due to the time- and cost-efficient translational perspective, we elaborate on the use of antibody-based tracers as well as their disadvantages and alternatives. Finally, we conclude with recommendations for the experiments needed before FGS can be implemented for pediatric OS, ES, and RMS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeger Rijs
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.S.); (M.A.J.v.d.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-641-637-074
| | - Bernadette Jeremiasse
- Department of Surgery, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (B.J.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.)
| | - Naweed Shifai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.S.); (M.A.J.v.d.S.)
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Cornelis F. M. Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (C.F.M.S.); (A.L.V.)
- Percuros BV, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander L. Vahrmeijer
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (C.F.M.S.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Alida F. W. van der Steeg
- Department of Surgery, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (B.J.); (A.F.W.v.d.S.)
| | - Michiel A. J. van de Sande
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (N.S.); (M.A.J.v.d.S.)
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Cai Z, Duncan D, Li R, Thomas J, Zhu H. BCOR-CCNB3 Sarcoma with Prominent Rhabdoid Cells Mimicking Rhabdomyoblasts: Expanding the Morphologic spectrum of BCOR-CCNB3 Sarcoma. Int J Surg Pathol 2021; 29:915-919. [PMID: 33909519 DOI: 10.1177/10668969211013891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BCOR-CCNB3 sarcoma (BCS) is a rare recently defined undifferentiated sarcoma that predominantly affects children and young adults. The diagnosis of this tumor is difficult due to the highly variable morphology and nonspecific immunophenotype. Emerging data suggest that patients with BCS show response to Ewing sarcoma-based treatment regimen, thus correct diagnosis is of clinical relevance. In this study, we report a case of BCS arising from the big toe of a 15-year-old male patient. The tumor had a prominent population of rhabdoid cells with bright eosinophilic cytoplasm mimicking rhabdomyosarcoma. The tumor cells were focally positive for desmin and myogenin, and negative for CD99. Next-generation sequencing showed the presence of BCOR-CCNB3 gene fusion. BCS with prominent rhabdoid cells has not been described before. This study further expands the morphologic spectrum of BCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjian Cai
- 12340University of Texas Health Science Center, McGovern Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Darryl Duncan
- 12340University of Texas Health Science Center, McGovern Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rongying Li
- 12340University of Texas Health Science Center, McGovern Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jaiyeola Thomas
- 12340University of Texas Health Science Center, McGovern Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hui Zhu
- 12340University of Texas Health Science Center, McGovern Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
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