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Zhao Q, Liu W, Li Y, Ke M, Qu Q, Yuan W, Pan X, Qian H. Enantioselective effects of imazethapyr residues on Arabidopsis thaliana metabolic profile and phyllosphere microbial communities. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 93:57-65. [PMID: 32446460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Imazethapyr (IM) is a widely used acetolactate synthase-inhibiting chiral herbicide. It has long-term residuals that may be absorbed by the human body through the edible parts of plants, such as vegetable leaves or fruits. Here, we selected a model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, to determine the effects of R-IM and S-IM on its leaf structure, photosynthetic efficiency, and metabolites, as well as the structures of microorganisms in the phyllosphere, after 7 days of exposure. Our results indicated enantiomeric differences in plant growth between R-IM and S-IM; 133 µg/kg R-IM showed heavier inhibition of photosynthetic efficiency and greater changes to subcellular structure than S-IM. R-IM and S-IM also had different effects on metabolism and leaf microorganisms. S-IM mainly increased lipid compounds and decreased amino acids, while R-IM increased sugar accumulation. The relative abundance of Moraxellaceae human pathogenic bacteria was increased by R-IM treatment, indicating that R-IM treatment may increase leaf surface pathogenic bacteria. Our research provides a new perspective for evaluating the harmfulness of pesticide residues in soil, phyllosphere microbiome changes via the regulation of plant metabolism, and induced pathogenic bacterial accumulation risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqiu Zhao
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wanyue Liu
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Mingjing Ke
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Qian Qu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Wenting Yuan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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Liu W, Ke M, Zhang Z, Lu T, Zhu Y, Li Y, Pan X, Qian H. Effects of imazethapyr spraying on plant growth and leaf surface microbial communities in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 85:35-45. [PMID: 31471029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Imazethapyr (IM) is an acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide that has been widely used in recent years. However, IM spraying can lead to the accumulation of herbicide residues in leaves. Here, we determined the effects of IM spraying on the plant growth and leaf surface microbial communities of Arabidopsis thaliana after 7 and 14 days of exposure. The results suggested that IM spraying inhibited plant growth. Fresh weight decreased to 48% and 26% of the control value after 7 and 14 days, respectively, of 0.035 kg/ha IM exposure. In addition, anthocyanin content increased 9.2-fold and 37.2-fold relative to the control content after 7 and 14 days of treatment, respectively. Furthermore, IM spraying destroyed the cell structures of the leaves, as evidenced by increases in the number of starch granules and the stomatal closure rate. Reductions in photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidant enzyme activity were observed after IM spraying, especially after 14 days of exposure. The diversity and evenness of the leaf microbiota were not affected by IM treatment, but the composition of community structure at the genus level was altered by IM spraying. Imazethapyr application increased the abundance of Pseudomonas, a genus that includes species pathogenic to plants and humans, indicating that IM potentially increased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria on leaves. Our findings increase our understanding of the relationships between herbicide application and the microbial community structures on plant leaves, and they provide a new perspective for studying the ecological safety of herbicide usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Mingjing Ke
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Zhenyan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Youchao Zhu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China.
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Zaller JG, Cantelmo C, Santos GD, Muther S, Gruber E, Pallua P, Mandl K, Friedrich B, Hofstetter I, Schmuckenschlager B, Faber F. Herbicides in vineyards reduce grapevine root mycorrhization and alter soil microorganisms and the nutrient composition in grapevine roots, leaves, xylem sap and grape juice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:23215-23226. [PMID: 29862481 PMCID: PMC6096560 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2422-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides are increasingly applied in vineyards worldwide. However, not much is known on potential side effects on soil organisms or on the nutrition of grapevines (Vitis vinifera). In an experimental vineyard in Austria, we examined the impacts of three within-row herbicide treatments (active ingredients: flazasulfuron, glufosinate, glyphosate) and mechanical weeding on grapevine root mycorrhization; soil microorganisms; earthworms; and nutrient concentration in grapevine roots, leaves, xylem sap and grape juice. The three herbicides reduced grapevine root mycorrhization on average by 53% compared to mechanical weeding. Soil microorganisms (total colony-forming units, CFU) were significantly affected by herbicides with highest CFUs under glufosinate and lowest under glyphosate. Earthworms (surface casting activity, density, biomass, reproduction) or litter decomposition in soil were unaffected by herbicides. Herbicides altered nutrient composition in grapevine roots, leaves, grape juice and xylem sap that was collected 11 months after herbicide application. Xylem sap under herbicide treatments also contained on average 70% more bacteria than under mechanical weeding; however, due to high variability, this was not statistically significant. We conclude that interdisciplinary approaches should receive more attention when assessing ecological effects of herbicides in vineyard ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann G Zaller
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Clemens Cantelmo
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriel Dos Santos
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandrina Muther
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edith Gruber
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Pallua
- Institute of Zoology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Gregor Mendel Straße 33, A-1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Mandl
- Federal College and Reseach Center of Viticulture and Pomology, Wiener Straße 74, A-3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Barbara Friedrich
- Federal College and Reseach Center of Viticulture and Pomology, Wiener Straße 74, A-3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Ingrid Hofstetter
- Federal College and Reseach Center of Viticulture and Pomology, Wiener Straße 74, A-3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Bernhard Schmuckenschlager
- Federal College and Reseach Center of Viticulture and Pomology, Wiener Straße 74, A-3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Florian Faber
- Federal College and Reseach Center of Viticulture and Pomology, Wiener Straße 74, A-3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
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Lewkowski J, Morawska M, Karpowicz R, Rychter P, Rogacz D, Lewicka K. Novel (5-nitrofurfuryl)-substituted esters of phosphonoglycine - Their synthesis and phyto- and ecotoxicological properties. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 188:618-632. [PMID: 28917214 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Since aminophosphonate-based herbicides like glyphosate are currently one of the most popular and widely applied active agent in agrochemistry, there is an urgent need for searching new compounds among this family with potential herbicidal activity, but exhibiting low toxicity against surrounding environment. Six new (5-nitrofurfuryl)-derived aminophosphonates were synthesized for the first time and apart from the only one example of N-benzylamino(5-nitrofuryl)-methylphosphonic acid, it was the first time in the history, when this class of compounds was prepared. Their prospective and real biological properties have been followed up by evaluation of their preliminary ecotoxicology. They have been then investigated in aspect of their phytotoxicity against oat (A. sativa) and common radish (R. sativus) exhibiting moderate-to-severe toxicity for these plants. The significant selectivity towards radish (up to 3 times greater toxicity against radish) was observed in some cases. Title compounds were also tested in terms of their toxicity for freshwater crustaceans H. incongruens (ostracods) and marine luminescent bacteria A. fischeri. Although their harmful action on ostracods was not too much elevated, they were found to be highly toxic for bacteria. Various aspects of their ecotoxicity are discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Lewkowski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Marta Morawska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403, Łódź, Poland
| | - Rafał Karpowicz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Łódź, Tamka 12, 91-403, Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Rychter
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland.
| | - Diana Rogacz
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Kamila Lewicka
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Jan Długosz University in Częstochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland
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Tan W, Liang T, Du YP, Zhai H. The distribution and species of Ca 2+ and subcellular localization of Ca 2+ and Ca 2+-ATPase in grape leaves of plants treated with fluoroglycofen. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 143:207-213. [PMID: 29183594 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluoroglycofen, a post-emergence herbicide used in vineyards to eradicate weeds, has previously been shown to turn grape leaves dark green following its use. Therefore, this study evaluates the relationship of dark green leaves with calcium form and subcellular distribution. To do this, we focused on the Ca2+ distribution and Ca2+-ATPase activity in leaf cells of one-year-old self-rooted Chardonnay grapevines treated with fluoroglycofen. Plants were separated into different treatments when they had seven or eight leaves, and different concentrations of fluoroglycofen were sprayed on the sand. The results showed that all of the soluble calcium content in the grape leaves that were treated with the highest concentration of fluoroglycofen (187.5gaiha-1) increased significantly. Specifically, the water-soluble organic acid calcium, pectate calcium, and calcium oxalate increased by 18.43%, 17.14%, and 31.05%, respectively, in the upper leaves than in the control. The subcellular distribution of Ca2+ in the dark green leaves increased significantly, especially in the cell wall and chloroplast, which increased by 25.54% and 24.10%, respectively. Through the ultrastructure localization of Ca2+ and Ca2+-ATPase contrasted with the control, the extracellular space and chloroplasts in the mesophyll cells of dark green leaves had large calcium pyroantimonate (Ca-PA) deposits. The extracellular space had fewer Ca2+-ATPase precipitation particles, whereas the chloroplasts had more. At the same time, a high concentration of fluoroglycofen decreased Ca2+-ATPase activity in grape leaves, which potentially might be due to disrupted regulation of calcium homeostatic mechanisms inside and outside of cells, resulting in a large number of Ca2+ accumulation in cells. The Ca2+ accumulation not only hindered the various cellular physiological reactions, but also caused leaves to become dark green in color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tan
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Pomology Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science, Taigu 030815, China
| | - Ting Liang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; Agricultural Bureau of Daiyue District, Taian' City, Shandong Province, Taian 271000, China
| | - Yuan-Peng Du
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Heng Zhai
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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