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Ramkumar G, Muthusamy R, Narayanan M, Shivakumar MS, Kweka EJ. Overexpression of cytochrome P450 and esterase genes involved in permethrin resistance in larvae and adults of Culex quinquefasciatus. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:3205-3212. [PMID: 37874391 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Mosquitoes are important vectors of several arthropod-borne diseases, which remain a priority for epidemiological research. Mosquito vector control strategies have traditionally relied on chemical insecticides such as synthetic pyrethroids. However, the indiscriminate use of pesticides has resulted in the development of resistance in many mosquito species. In insects, resistance evolves primarily through the overexpression of one or more gene products from the cytochrome P450, carboxylesterase, and glutathione superfamilies. The current study examined the expression of cytochrome P450 CYP6M2, CYP6AA7, CYP6Z2, CYP9J34, α-Esterase, Esterase B1, and neuroactin genes in larvae and adults of a permethrin-resistant (PerRes) and susceptible (Sus) Culex quinquefasciatus strains. The results showed that the CYP6AA7 gene was overexpressed (10-fold) in larvae and adults with PerRes (p < 0.01) followed by CYPJ34 (9.0-fold) and CYP6Z2 (5.0-fold) compared to the Sus, whereas fewer changes in CYP6M gene expression were observed in PerRes adults (p < 0.05), and no expression was found in larvae. The esterase gene was overexpressed in PerRes larvae (9.0-fold) followed by adults (2.5-fold) compared to the susceptible strain. Based on data, the present study suggests that cytochrome P450, CYP6AA7, CYP6Z2, CYP9J34, α-Esterase, Esterase B1, and neuroactin genes were involved in permethrin resistance in larval and adult Cx. quinquefasciatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindaraju Ramkumar
- Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, 30223, USA
- Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ranganathan Muthusamy
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Adhiyamaan Educational and Research Institution, Hosur, 635130, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Division of Research and Innovation, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Eliningaya J Kweka
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 1464, Mwanza, Tanzania
- Research Department, Tropical Pesticides Research Institute, P.O. Box 3024, Arusha, Tanzania
- Tanzania Plant Health and Pesticides Authority, P.O. Box 3024, Arusha, Tanzania
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Muthusamy R, Ramkumar G, Kumarasamy S, Chi NTL, Al Obaid S, Alfarraj S, Karuppusamy I. Synergism and toxicity of iron nanoparticles derived from Trigonella foenum-graecum against pyrethriod treatment in S. litura and H. armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:116079. [PMID: 37156353 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura and cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are important pests of various agricultural crops that cause sevier economic loses throughout the world. Indiscriminate and frequent use of insecticide may lead to development of resistance in these pests. Nanotechnology has given an alternative to manage and overcome insecticide resistance for pest management strategies. In the present study the iron nanoparticles derived from Trigonella foenum-graecum leaf extract (FeNPs) was investigated for its ecofriendly management of pyrethroid resistance in two lepidopteron pest species at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h post treatment. The result showed high mortality (92.83% and 91.41%) of S. litura and H. armigera at 72 h treatment upon FeNPs and fenvalerate (Fen + FeNPs) teratment. Probit analysis revealed high LC50 upon Fen + FeNPs treatment (130.31 and 89.32 mg/L) with a synergism ratio of 1.38 and 1.36. Antifeedant activity of six dofferent concentration of FeNPs revelaed increased antifeedant activity with respect to increasing concentration of nanoparticles ranging from 10 to 90% and 20-95% againt both insects (p<0.05). Detoxification activity of carboxylesterase was elevated at 630 μmol/mg protein/min (p<0.05) in fenvalerate treatment, whereas decreased activity was found (392umole/mg protein/min) in FeNPs and Fen + FeNPs treatment (P<0.001). GST and P450 activity was also increased in fenvalerate treatment, whereas decreased activity was observed in FeNPs and Fen + FeNPs. Esterase isoenzyme banding pattern revealed four bands in fenvalerate treatment and two bans (E3 and E4) in Fen + FeNPs combination. Hence the present study concludes that T. foenum-graecum synthesized iron nanoparticles could be an effective alternate for ecofriendly management of S. litura and H. armigera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranganathan Muthusamy
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Adhiyamaan Educational Research Institute, Hosur, 635 130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindaraju Ramkumar
- Department of Entomology, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, 30223, GA, USA
| | - Suresh Kumarasamy
- PG and Research Centre in Biotechnology, MGR College, Adhiyamaan Educational Research Institute, Hosur, 635 130, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi
- School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Sami Al Obaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box-2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alfarraj
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Indira Karuppusamy
- Emerging Materials for Energy and Environmental Applications Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles from symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus nematophila and testing its insecticidal efficacy on Spodoptera litura larvae. Biometals 2022; 35:795-812. [PMID: 35715709 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Spodoptera litura, one of the polyphagous pests, causes huge economical lose and use of chemical pesticide causes impact to the environmental. The present study deals with the use of cell- free supernatant of bacteria Xenorhabdus nematophila NP-1 strain for synthesizing silver nanoparticles and analyzing its larvicidal ability against Spodoptera litura. Color change from yellow to dark brown specifies the synthesis of AgNPs. UV-Vis spec indicates the presences of AgNPs at 440 nm λmax and functional groups; alcohols, carboxylic acids, aromatics, alkylhalides, ethers and phenols were confirmed by FTIR. SEM revealed the synthesized AgNPs is in spherical shape, EDaX confirms the elemental composition and the crystalline nature were observed using XRD. GC-MS analysis showed presence of Benzencepropanoic acid, 1, 3, 5 Trichloropent-2-ene, 1,1-Dichloro-2,3- dicmethycycloprone and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid bioactive compounds some of which may be responsible for insecticidal and antibacterial activity. The antibacterial activity against S. aureus, B. subtilis and K. pneumoniae showed maximum zone of inhibition at 100 µL/mL. Larvicidal activity of S. litura shows highest mortality at 48 h. In potted plant experiment, AgNPs treated plants showed less damage, with less leaf consumption by S. litura larvae. Further, the synthesis of AgNPs were targeted to zebrafish embryos (non- target organism) and it didn't exhibit any toxic effect even at higher concentration. Our experiment concludes that, AgNPs synthesized using NP-1 strain has highest antimicrobial and insecticidal activity, which can be used in biomedical and biopesticides.
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Abstract
Botanical insecticides are preferred for their environment and user-friendly nature. Eugenol is a plant-based monoterpene having multifarious biocidal activities. To understand whether eugenol would persistently work against Aedes aegypti, we performed larvicidal bioassays on thirty successive generations and determined median lethal concentration (LC50) on each generation. Results showed no apparent differences between LC50 at F0 (63.48 ppm) and F30 (64.50 ppm) indicating no alteration of susceptibility toward eugenol. To analyze, if eugenol has any effect on metabolic detoxification-associated enzymes, we measured esterases (alpha and beta), cytochrome P450, and GST activities from the survived larvae exposed to LC50 concentration from F0–F30. Results revealed a decrease of esterases, GST, and cytochrome P450 activities at the initial 4–8 generations and then a gradual increase as the generations progressed. GST activity remained significantly below the control groups. Synergists (TPP, DEM, and PBO) were applied along with eugenol at F30 and LC50 concentration, and the said enzyme activities were recorded. Results showed a noticeable decrease in LC50 and enzyme activities indicating effective inhibitions of the respective enzymes. Overall, present results inferred that eugenol would effectively work as a larvicide for a longer period in successive generations without initiating rapid resistance and therefore could be advocated for controlling A. aegypti.
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Kumaravel J, Lalitha K, Arunthirumeni M, Shivakumar MS. Mycosynthesis of bimetallic zinc oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles for control of Spodoptera frugiperda. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 178:104910. [PMID: 34446186 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda is an important pest of several crops. Use of chemical insecticides in insect control has not been successful. In the present study, bio-nano formulation of bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized using fungal metabolites from Metarhizium anisopliae and tested for insecticidal activity. Metarhizium anisopliae metabolites was synthesized along with bimetallic nanoparticles at different volumes for bioassay studies. Bimetallic nanoparticles showed colour change from light greenish to white. Synthesis of bimetallic NPs was confirmed by UV-vis spectrophotometer, with absorption peak at 387 nm. Functional groups in the synthesized BMNPs were analyzed by FTIR, which showed the presence of functional amines, carboxylic acids, alkenes, alkyl halides, phosphine oxides, anhydrides, phosphines, sulfonates, acid chlorides and alkynes. XRD analysis confirms the crystalline nature of nanoparticles. SEM analysis exhibits, the nanoparticles to be spherical in shape with size ranging 9.50 nm. EDaX analysis confirmed the elemental composition of synthesized NPs, while DLS for size distribution ranging at 80 to 137 nm. The larvicidal activity of monometallic and mycogenic bimetallic nanoparticles were tested on third instar S. frugiperda larvae. The highest mortality was observed in BMNPs at a concentration of 100 μg/ml after 48 h exposure. Pupicidal and antifeedant activity was also observed in the tested BMNPs. Detoxification enzymes studies of BMNPs showed considerable lowering these enzyme which may result in toxic manifestation in the insect. These results strongly suggest that, bimetallic nanoparticles synthesized using M. anisopilae can be used for protecting the crops against S. furgiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaraman Kumaravel
- Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem -11, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kandhasamy Lalitha
- Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem -11, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugan Arunthirumeni
- Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Periyar University, Salem -11, Tamil Nadu, India
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Yuan J, Guo J, Wang H, Guo A, Lian Q, Gu Z. Acute toxicity of cypermethrin on the juvenile of red claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124468. [PMID: 31549634 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In order to assess the toxicity of Cypermethrin (CYP), the 50% lethal concentration (LC50) of CYP on the juvenile of Cherax quadricarinatus is assessed. Meanwhile, the transcription level and the content in the antioxidant and biotransformation enzymes in hepatopancreas and immune enzymes in the serum of C. quadricarinatus exposed to CYP (0.1, 1, 10 and 100 ng·L-1) for 96 h were analyzed to reveal the CYP toxicity and detoxification mechanism. 24, 48, 72, 96 h LC50 were 1305.14, 424.52, 287.10 and 215.99 ng·L-1, respectively. There was no significant change of the content of enzymes at low concentration (0.16 ng·L-1). The fast increase of SOD and CAT content was observed at early stage (24 h), subsequent decreased at later stage of trail at medium concentration (0.32 and 0.63 ng·L-1). However, high concentration (1.25 ng·L-1) of CYP significantly inhibited SOD and CAT content. There was a significant increase in the level of MDA, PC and the content of GPx, EROD, CarE, GST at medium and high concentration after 72 h and 96 h exposure. The Na+-K+-ATPase, PO, ALK content decreased at medium and high concentration, especially at the 72-h and the 96-h exposure. The transcription was altered similarly to enzyme content, but the transcriptional response was generally more immediate than enzymatic response. Heat shock protein (hsp70) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (abcc2) genes were up-regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julin Yuan
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Freshwater Fishery Healthy Breeding Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China
| | - Jianlin Guo
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Freshwater Fishery Healthy Breeding Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China; Aquatic Breeding Company in Northern Area of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Freshwater Fishery Healthy Breeding Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China
| | - Aihuan Guo
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Freshwater Fishery Healthy Breeding Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China
| | - Qingping Lian
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Freshwater Fishery Healthy Breeding Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China
| | - Zhimin Gu
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Freshwater Fishery Healthy Breeding Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China.
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Ruttanaphan T, Pluempanupat W, Aungsirisawat C, Boonyarit P, Goff GL, Bullangpoti V. Effect of Plant Essential Oils and Their Major Constituents on Cypermethrin Tolerance Associated Detoxification Enzyme Activities in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:2167-2176. [PMID: 31139824 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils are well known to act as biopesticides. This research evaluated the acute toxicity and synergistic effect of essential oil compounds in combination with cypermethrin against Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The effects of distillation extracts of essential oils from Alpinia galanga Zingiberaceae (Zingiberales) rhizomes and Ocimum basilicum Lamiaceae (Lamiales) leaves; one of their primary essential oil compounds 1,8-cineole; and linalool were studied on second-instar S. litura by topical application under laboratory conditions. The results showed that A. galanga had the highest control efficiency, whereas1,8-cineole provided a moderate efficacy. The mixtures of linalool, 1,8-cineole, O. basilicum, or A. galanga with cypermethrin were synergistic on mortality. Activity measurements of the main detoxification enzymes show that linalool and 1,8-cineole inhibit the activity of cytochromes P450 and carboxylesterases, which could explain their synergistic effect. Based on our results, the use of these mixtures represents an ideal eco-friendly approach, helping to manage cypermethrin resistance of S. litura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torranis Ruttanaphan
- Animal Toxicology and Physiology Specialty Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanchai Pluempanupat
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, and Special Research Unit for Advanced Magnetic Resonance, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chutikan Aungsirisawat
- Animal Toxicology and Physiology Specialty Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Polnarong Boonyarit
- Animal Toxicology and Physiology Specialty Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Vasakorn Bullangpoti
- Animal Toxicology and Physiology Specialty Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Chen C, Shan T, Liu Y, Shi X, Gao X. Identification of a novel cytochrome P450 CYP3356A1 linked with insecticide detoxification in Bradysia odoriphaga. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:1006-1013. [PMID: 30221445 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases play an important role in the metabolic detoxification of insecticides in insect pests. However, little is known about the role of a specific P450 gene and its responses to insecticide exposure in Bradysia odoriphaga, a major pest in Chinese chive production. RESULTS In this study, a novel P450 gene, CYP3356A1, was cloned from Bradysia odoriphaga. The full-length cDNA sequence of CYP3356A1 is 2153 bp and its open reading frame (ORF) encodes 508 amino acids. Quantitative real time PCR(qRT-PCR) analyses in different tissues showed that CYP3356A1 expression was the highest in the Malpighian tubule. Moreover, among the different developmental stages of the insect, the highest expression of CYP3356A1 was found in fourth-instar larvae. Expression of CYP3356A1 was upregulated by treatment with imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and β-cypermethrin at median lethal concentrations (LC50 ). RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated silencing of CYP3356A1 significantly increased mortality by 36.90%, 25.17%, and 36.73 when fourth-instar B. odoriphaga larvae were exposed to imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and β-cypermethrin, respectively, at the LC50 dose. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that CYP3356A1 is related to the detoxification of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, and β-cypermethrin in B. odoriphaga. Moreover, the study also increased our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of insecticide detoxification in this pest insect. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Chen
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tisheng Shan
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyan Shi
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Cypermethrin resistance in Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from three locations in Thailand and detoxification enzyme activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anres.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Chansang A, Champakaew D, Junkum A, Jitpakdi A, Amornlerdpison D, Aldred AK, Riyong D, Wannasan A, Intirach J, Muangmoon R, Pitasawat B. Synergy in the adulticidal efficacy of essential oils for the improvement of permethrin toxicity against Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:417. [PMID: 30005688 PMCID: PMC6045857 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a previous screening program for mosquitocides from local edible plants in Thailand, essential oils (EOs) of Cyperus rotundus, Alpinia galanga and Cinnamomum verum, were found to possess promising adulticidal activity against Aedes aegypti. With the aim of reducing usage of conventional insecticides and improving the management of resistant mosquito populations, this study was designed to determine the potential synergism in the adulticidal efficacy of EOs on permethrin toxicity against Ae. aegypti, both pyrethroid-resistant and -susceptible strains. METHODS EOs extracted from rhizomes of C. rotundus and A. galanga as well as C. verum barks were evaluated for chemical compositions and adulticidal activity against Muang Chiang Mai-susceptible (MCM-S) and Pang Mai Dang-resistant (PMD-R) strains of Ae. aegypti. Adulticidal bioassays of EO-permethrin mixtures for synergistic activity were also performed on these Ae. aegypti strains. RESULTS Chemical characterization by the GC-MS analytical technique demonstrated that 48 compounds were identified from the EOs of C. rotundus, A. galanga and C. verum, representing 80.22%, 86.75% and 97.24%, respectively, of all compositions. Cyperene (14.04%), β-bisabolene (18.27%) and cinnamaldehyde (64.66%) were the main constituents of C. rotundus, A. galanga and C. verum oils, respectively. In adulticidal bioassays, EOs of C. rotundus, A. galanga and C. verum were effective in killing Ae. aegypti, both MCM-S and PMD-R strains, with LD50 values of 10.05 and 9.57 μg/mg female, 7.97 and 7.94 μg/mg female, and 3.30 and 3.22 μg/mg female, respectively. The adulticidal efficacy against MCM-S and PMD-R Ae. aegypti of these EOs was close to that of piperonyl butoxide (PBO, LD50 values = 6.30 and 4.79 μg/mg female, respectively) but less pronounced than that of permethrin (LD50 values = 0.44 and 3.70 ng/mg female, respectively). Nevertheless, combination-based bioassays discovered the accomplished synergism of EOs together with permethrin. Significant synergistic effects with permethrin against both the strains of Ae. aegypti were recorded in the EOs of C. rotundus and A. galanga. Addition of C. rotundus and A. galanga oils decreased the LD50 values of permethrin against MCM-S dramatically from 0.44 to 0.07 and 0.11 ng/mg female, respectively, with synergism ratio (SR) values of 6.28 and 4.00, respectively. Furthermore, EOs of C. rotundus and A. galanga also reduced the LD50 values of permethrin against PMD-R drastically from 3.70 to 0.42 and 0.003 ng/mg female, respectively, with SR values of 8.81 and 1233.33, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The synergy of enhanced adulticidal toxicity recorded from EO-permethrin combinations against both strains of Ae. aegypti presents a promising role of EOs as a synergist for improving mosquitocidal efficacy, particularly in situations where conventional compounds are ineffective or inappropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpaporn Chansang
- Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Graduate PhD’s Degree Program in Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Danita Champakaew
- Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Graduate PhD’s Degree Program in Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Anuluck Junkum
- Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Atchariya Jitpakdi
- Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Doungporn Amornlerdpison
- Faculty of Fisheries Technology and Aquatic Resources, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290 Thailand
| | - Arunee Kongdee Aldred
- Program in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290 Thailand
| | - Doungrat Riyong
- Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Anchalee Wannasan
- Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Jitrawadee Intirach
- Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Graduate PhD’s Degree Program in Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Roongtawan Muangmoon
- Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
- Graduate PhD’s Degree Program in Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
| | - Benjawan Pitasawat
- Center of Insect Vector Study, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
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Elzaki MEA, Miah MA, Peng Y, Zhang H, Jiang L, Wu M, Han Z. Deltamethrin is metabolized by CYP6FU1, a cytochrome P450 associated with pyrethroid resistance, in Laodelphax striatellus. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:1265-1271. [PMID: 29194952 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are known to play a major role in metabolizing a wide range compounds. CYP6FU1 has been found to be over-expressed in a deltamethrin-resistant strain of Laodelphax striatellus. This study was conducted to express CYP6FU1 in Sf9 cells as a recombinant protein, to confirm its ability to degrade deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid and traditional P450 probing substrates. RESULTS Carbon monoxide difference spectrum analysis indicated that the intact CYP6FU1 protein was expressed in insect Sf9 cells. Catalytic activity tests with four traditional P450 probing substrates revealed that the expressed CYP6FU1 preferentially metabolized p-nitroanisole and ethoxyresorufin, but not ethoxycoumarin and luciferin-HEGE. The enzyme kinetic parameters were tested using p-nitroanisole. The michaelis constant (Km ) and catalytic constant (Kcat ) values were 17.51 ± 4.29 µm and 0.218 ± 0.001 pmol min-1 mg-1 protein, respectively. Furthermore, CYP6FU1 activity for degradation of insecticides was tested by measuring substrate depletion and metabolite formation. The chromatogram analysis showed obvious nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-dependent depletion of deltamethrin, and formation of the unknown metabolite. Mass spectra and the molecular docking model showed that the metabolite was 4-hydroxy-deltamethrin. However, the recombinant CYP6FU1 could not metabolize imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos. CONCLUSION These results confirmed that the over-expressed CYP6FU1 contributes to deltamethrin resistance in L. striatellus, and p-nitroanisole might be a potential diagnostic probe for deltamethrin metabolic resistance detection and monitoring. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Esmail Abdalla Elzaki
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mohammad Asaduzzaman Miah
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingchuan Peng
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haomiao Zhang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaojun Han
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Wang X, Xiang X, Yu H, Liu S, Yin Y, Cui P, Wu Y, Yang J, Jiang C, Yang Q. Monitoring and biochemical characterization of beta-cypermethrin resistance in Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Sichuan Province, China. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 146:71-79. [PMID: 29626995 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua, a major pest affecting numerous cultivated crops in China, has developed a serious resistance to many traditional chemical insecticides. The resistance levels of the field-collected populations from different districts in Sichuan Province, China, to nine insecticides were detected with a diet-incorporation bioassay. Compared to the Lab-ZN strain, five (in 2014) and three (in 2016) field populations displayed either high or extremely high levels of resistance to beta-cypermethrin. All the field populations collected in 2014 were susceptible to emamectin benzoate, hexaflumuron, methoxyfenozide, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and indoxacarb but exhibited low or moderate levels of resistance to abamectin. The resistances of field populations collected in 2016 were significantly higher than two years earlier, especial for chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole with RRs rising from 173.4- to 582.6-fold and 175.3- to 287.6-fold, respectively, even though the field populations had retained moderate or low levels of resistance to chlorpyrifos and hexaflumuron. The synergism experiment revealed that the resistance of the LS16 population to beta-cypermethrin may be mainly related to cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s), which was responsible for the highest increase ratio of 37.97-fold, for piperonyl butoxide, rather than either carboxylesterase (CarE) or glutathione S-transferase (GST). The cytochrome P450 ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activity of the LS16 population was also the strongest among the treatments (P < 0.05). Non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (native PAGE) indicated that enhanced E11, E13 and E15-E16 bands in the LS16 population likely contribute to the development of resistance to beta-cypermethrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuegui Wang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xing Xiang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huiling Yu
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shuhua Liu
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yong Yin
- Plant Protection Station, Agriculture Department of Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Agency of Protection and Quarantine, Agriculture Technology and Popularization Center in Central District of Leshan City, Leshan 614000, China
| | - Yaqiong Wu
- Plant Protection Station, Agriculture Department of Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chunxian Jiang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qunfang Yang
- Biorational Pesticide Research Lab, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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13
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Ullah S, Shah RM, Shad SA. Genetics, realized heritability and possible mechanism of chlorfenapyr resistance in Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Lygaeidae: Hemiptera). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 133:91-96. [PMID: 27742367 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dusky cotton bug (DCB), Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Lygaeidae: Hemiptera) is a serious pest of cotton and other malvaceous plants. Chlorfenapyr, a broad spectrum, N-substituted, halogenated pyrrole insecticide is used extensively to control many insect pests in cotton, including DCB. In this study, we investigated a field strain of DCB to assess its potential to develop resistance to chlorfenapyr. After six generations of continuous selection pressure with chlorfenapyr, DCB had a 7.24-fold and 149.06-fold resistance ratio (RR) at G1 and G6, respectively. The genetic basis of inheritance of chlorfenapyr resistance was also studied by crossing the chlorfenapyr selected (Chlorfenapyr-SEL) and laboratory population (Lab-PK). Results revealed an autosomal and incompletely dominant mode of inheritance for chlorfenapyr resistance in the Chlorfenapyr-SEL population of DCB. The results of the monogenic model test showed chlorfenapyr resistance was controlled by multiple genes. Estimated realized heritability for chlorfenapyr resistance in the tested DCB strain was 0.123. Synergism bioassays with piperonyl butoxide and S, S, S-butyl phosphorotrithioate revealed chlorfenapyr resistance might be due to esterase activity. These results would be useful for devising an effective resistance management strategy against DCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Ullah
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Rizwan Mustafa Shah
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Sarfraz Ali Shad
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
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14
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Poley JD, Braden LM, Messmer AM, Whyte SK, Koop BF, Fast MD. Cypermethrin exposure induces metabolic and stress-related gene expression in copepodid salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2016; 20:74-84. [PMID: 27612154 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cypermethrin has been administered for decades to control salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) infestations in Atlantic salmon farming regions globally. However, resistance to cypermethrin and other available therapeutants has threatened the sustainability of this growing industry. To better understand the effects of cypermethrin on L. salmonis, a 38K oligonucleotide microarray and RT-qPCR analyses were applied to pools of copepodid larvae exposed to 1.0ppb cypermethrin or seawater controls for 24h. Phenotypic assessments and global gene expression profiles showed a significant disruption of homeostasis in copepodid L. salmonis exposed to cypermethrin. Multiple degradative enzymes were overexpressed in cypermethrin-treated lice including five trypsin-like serine proteases and three cytochrome p450s CYP3a24 (p=0.03, fold change (FC)=3.8; GenBank accession no. JP326960.1), CYP6w1 (p=0.008, FC=5.3; GenBank accession no. JP317875.1), and CYP6d4 (p=0.01; FC=7.9; GenBank accession no. JP334550.1). These enzymes represent preliminary markers for understanding the physiological response of L. salmonis to cypermethrin exposure. A general stress response was also observed in cypermethrin-treated lice which included differential expression of cell signaling genes involved in the induction of cell growth, solute transport, and metabolism. Lastly, a consensus-based analysis was completed with two previously published L. salmonis transcriptome studies revealing genes that respond to cypermethrin, emamectin benzoate (another delousing agent) and hyposalinity. This included concordant differential expression of heat shock beta-1, ammonium transporter Rh types B, and 72kDa type IV collagenase across different L. salmonis studies. This is currently the most comprehensive transcriptome assessment of chemical exposure on the first infectious stage of L. salmonis, providing novel markers for studying drug resistance and general stress in this important parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan D Poley
- Hoplite Lab, Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Ave, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada.
| | - Laura M Braden
- Hoplite Lab, Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Ave, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada.
| | - Amber M Messmer
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N5, Canada.
| | - Shona K Whyte
- Hoplite Lab, Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Ave, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada.
| | - Ben F Koop
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 3N5, Canada.
| | - Mark D Fast
- Hoplite Lab, Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Ave, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada.
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Ramkumar G, Shivakumar MS. Laboratory development of permethrin resistance and cross-resistance pattern of Culex quinquefasciatus to other insecticides. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:2553-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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