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Lbban E, Macey A, Rundle J, Ashor A, Idris I, Siervo M. Effects of dietary nitrate and vitamin C co-ingestion on blood pressure and hand-grip strength in young adults. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2023. [PMID: 37938096 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Co-administration of vitamin C and inorganic nitrate ([Formula: see text]) may reduce oxidative stress, boost the conversion of nitrite ([Formula: see text]) into NO and elicit positive vascular effects. Aims: We aimed to test the effects of oral inorganic [Formula: see text] and vitamin C co-supplementation on vascular function, muscular strength, and on concentrations of urinary [Formula: see text], vitamin C, 8-isoprostanes and salivary [Formula: see text] in healthy young adults. Methods: Ten young healthy participants were enrolled in a randomised, double-blind (only for the [Formula: see text] intervention) crossover clinical trial. Participants consumed in random order: 1) nitrate-rich beetroot juice and vitamin C (N+VC), 2) nitrate-rich beetroot juice alone (N) or 3) nitrate-depleted beetroot juice alone (ND). Resting blood pressure (BP) was measured at the research centre and at home. Non-invasive, continuous measurements of BP and cardiac function parameters were performed using a Finometer device. Free-living physical activity and hand-grip strength were assessed. Salivary [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and urinary [Formula: see text], 8-isoprostanes and vitamin C concentrations were measured. Results: There were no significant differences for any of the vascular outcomes between the three interventions groups. However, analyses of within-intervention changes showed a significant lower daily systolic BP in the [Formula: see text]+vitamin C (N+VC) group only (P=0.04). Urinary [Formula: see text] (P=0.002) and salivary [Formula: see text] (P=0.001) were significantly higher in the N+VC group compared to the N and ND groups. Conclusion: These preliminary findings suggest that combining dietary [Formula: see text] with vitamin C could have protective effects on vascular function in young adults and could represent an effective strategy for the maintenance of healthy cardiovascular trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eazaz Lbban
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alex Macey
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Joshua Rundle
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ammar Ashor
- College of Medicine, University of Al-Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Iskandar Idris
- School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Derby Hospital, UK
| | - Mario Siervo
- School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Dementia Centre of Excellence, enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Navale GR, Singh S, Ghosh K. NO donors as the wonder molecules with therapeutic potential: Recent trends and future perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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López-Samanes Á, Ramos-Álvarez JJ, Miguel-Tobal F, Gaos S, Jodra P, Arranz-Muñoz R, Domínguez R, Montoya JJ. Influence of Beetroot Juice Ingestion on Neuromuscular Performance on Semi-Professional Female Rugby Players: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223614. [PMID: 36429210 PMCID: PMC9689822 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Beetroot juice (BRJ) is considered an ergogenic aid with good to strong evidence for improving human performance in sport modalities with similar demands to rugby. However, most of the studies were realized in male athletes with limited evidence in female athletes. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the acute ingestion of BRJ in female rugby players. METHODS Fourteen semi-professional female rugby players (25.0 ± 3.7 years) belonging to a team from the First Spanish Female Rugby Division participated in this study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups that realized a neuromuscular battery after BRJ (140mL, 12.8 mmol NO3-) or placebo (PLAC, 140 mL, 0.08 mmol NO3-) ingestion on two different days separated by one week between protocols. The neuromuscular test battery consisted of a countermovement jump (CMJ), isometric handgrip strength (i.e., dominant), 10-m and 30-m sprint, agility t-test and Bronco test. Afterwards, participants reported a rate of perception scale (6-20 points) and side effects questionnaire associated with BRJ or PLAC ingestion. RESULTS Statistically significant improvements were observed in CMJ (7.7%; p = 0.029; ES = 0.62), while no differences were reported in dominant isometric handgrip strength (-1.7%; p = 0.274; ES = -0.20); 10-m and 30-m sprint (0.5-0.8%; p = 0.441-0.588; ES = 0.03-0.18); modified agility t-test (-0.6%; p = 0.503; ES = -0.12) and Bronco test (1.94%; p = 0.459; ES = 0.16). CONCLUSIONS BRJ ingestion could improve neuromuscular performance in the CMJ test, while no differences in sprint (10-m and 30-m sprint test), agility, isometric handgrip strength and endurance performance (i.e., Bronco test) were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro López-Samanes
- Exercise Physiology Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Physiotherapy, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Ramos-Álvarez
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Sport Medicine, Madrid Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913-947-088
| | - Francisco Miguel-Tobal
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Sport Medicine, Madrid Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Gaos
- Exercise Physiology Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Physiotherapy, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Jodra
- Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Alcalá, 19001 Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Raquel Arranz-Muñoz
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Sport Medicine, Madrid Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- Departamento de Motricidad Humana y Rendimiento Deportivo, University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain
- Studies Research Group in Neuromuscular Responses (GEPREN), University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Juan José Montoya
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Sport Medicine, Madrid Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Rogerson D, Aguilar Mora FA, Young JS, Klonizakis M. No effect of nitrate-rich beetroot juice on microvascular function and blood pressure in younger and older individuals: a randomised, placebo-controlled double-blind pilot study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:1380-1386. [PMID: 35352014 PMCID: PMC9550618 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background/Objectives To compare the effects of supplemental inorganic nitrate (NO3) on microvascular endothelial function and blood pressure in younger vs. older participants. Subjects/Methods 25 individuals participated in a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled crossover pilot study. Participants were stratified by age (18–35 and ≥55 years) and consumed a single dose beetroot juice (providing 6.4 mmol NO3) or NO3-depleted beetroot juice. Blood pressure, microvascular function (via Laser Doppler Flowmetry; LDF) and urinary NO3 were assessed, and the effects of NO3 supplementation on cardiovascular parameters were compared between participants and conditions using mixed-design ANOVA. Results Treatments and methods were well tolerated, and no adverse events were reported. Urinary NO3 increased 3 h following ingestion in both groups, (P = 0.02). Levels remained elevated at 24 h post consumption in younger participants only (P = 0.02). Beetroot juice had no effect on blood pressure in either group nor on microcirculatory endothelial function. Conclusions Beetroot juice had no effect on blood pressure or microvascular endothelial function in young and older individuals. Dosage and timing regimens for supplemental beetroot juice should be avenues for further inquiry.
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Stamm P, Kalinovic S, Oelze M, Steven S, Czarnowski A, Kvandova M, Bayer F, Reinhardt C, Münzel T, Daiber A. Mechanistic Insights into Inorganic Nitrite-Mediated Vasodilation of Isolated Aortic Rings under Oxidative/Hypertensive Conditions and S-Nitros(yl)ation of Proteins in Germ-Free Mice. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030730. [PMID: 35327532 PMCID: PMC8945819 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and clinical importance of arterial hypertension are still growing. Inorganic nitrite (NO2-) represents an attractive dietary antihypertensive agent, but its metabolism and mode of action, which we aimed to investigate with the present study, are not completely understood. Isolated aortic rings from rats were treated ex vivo with oxidants, and rats were infused in vivo with angiotensin-II. Vascular responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and nitrite were assessed by isometric tension recording. The loss of vasodilatory potency in response to oxidants was much more pronounced for ACh as compared to nitrite ex vivo (but not in vivo with angiotensin-II). This effect may be caused by the redox regulation of conversion to xanthine oxidase (XO). Conventionally raised and germ-free mice were treated with nitrite by gavage, which did not improve ACh-mediated vasodilation, but did increase the plasma levels of S-nitros(yl)ated proteins in the conventionally-raised, but not in the germ-free mice. In conclusion, inorganic nitrite represents a dietary drug option to treat arterial hypertension in addition to already established pharmacological treatment. Short-term oxidative stress did not impair the vasodilatory properties of nitrite, which may be beneficial in cardiovascular disease patients. The gastrointestinal microbiome appears to play a key role in nitrite metabolism and bioactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Stamm
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (S.K.); (M.O.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (M.K.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Sanela Kalinovic
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (S.K.); (M.O.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Matthias Oelze
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (S.K.); (M.O.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Sebastian Steven
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (S.K.); (M.O.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (M.K.)
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Alexander Czarnowski
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (S.K.); (M.O.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Miroslava Kvandova
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (S.K.); (M.O.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Franziska Bayer
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (S.K.); (M.O.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (M.K.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (A.D.); Tel.: +49-6131-17-6280 (A.D.)
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (P.S.); (S.K.); (M.O.); (S.S.); (A.C.); (M.K.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
- Correspondence: (T.M.); (A.D.); Tel.: +49-6131-17-6280 (A.D.)
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Lee SS, McGrattan A, Soh YC, Alawad M, Su TT, Palanisamy UD, Hussin AM, Kassim ZB, Mohd Ghazali ANB, Christa Maree Stephan B, Allotey P, Reidpath DD, Robinson L, Mohan D, Siervo M. Feasibility and Acceptability of a Dietary Intervention to Reduce Salt Intake and Increase High-Nitrate Vegetable Consumption in Malaysian Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Elevated Blood Pressure: Findings from the DePEC-Nutrition Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030430. [PMID: 35276789 PMCID: PMC8839221 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The DePEC-Nutrition trial is a complex dietary and behavioural intervention of salt intake reduction combined with increased high-nitrate vegetable consumption among Malaysian middle-aged and older adults with elevated blood pressure. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of the trial. Participants were recruited from the South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO) database and randomised into one of four groups: (1) low salt; (2) high-nitrate vegetable; (3) combined high-nitrate vegetable and low salt; and (4) control. The intervention included a combination of group counselling sessions, information booklets, reinforcement videos and text messages to modify dietary behaviour. The primary outcomes evaluated were the measures of feasibility and acceptability of (1) recruitment, follow-up attendance and retention; (2) data collection procedures and clinical outcome measures; and (3) individual and combined multi-modal dietary interventions. A total of 74 participants were recruited, and the 10-month retention rate was 73%. Data collection procedures were acceptable with minimal missing data. All intervention strategies were feasible and acceptable, with group counselling being the most acceptable strategy. This study provides important insights into improving the screening process of participants, facilitating their access to the research facilities and refining the measurement protocols and dietary recommendations, which are instrumental in formulating the design of a full-scale definitive DePEC-Nutrition trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Siew Lee
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (S.S.L.); (Y.C.S.); (M.A.); (T.T.S.)
| | - Andrea McGrattan
- School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sports Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK;
| | - Yee Chang Soh
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (S.S.L.); (Y.C.S.); (M.A.); (T.T.S.)
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 45700, Malaysia;
| | - Mawada Alawad
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (S.S.L.); (Y.C.S.); (M.A.); (T.T.S.)
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 45700, Malaysia;
| | - Tin Tin Su
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (S.S.L.); (Y.C.S.); (M.A.); (T.T.S.)
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 45700, Malaysia;
| | - Uma Devi Palanisamy
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Azizah Mat Hussin
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kajang 43000, Malaysia;
| | - Zaid bin Kassim
- District Health Office, Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah (PKD) Segamat, Segamat 85000, Malaysia; (Z.b.K.); (A.N.b.M.G.)
| | | | | | - Pascale Allotey
- International Institute for Global Health, United Nations University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Daniel D. Reidpath
- South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 45700, Malaysia;
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, ICDDR, B, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Louise Robinson
- Population Health Science Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK;
| | - Devi Mohan
- Global Public Health, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (S.S.L.); (Y.C.S.); (M.A.); (T.T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-5515-9658
| | - Mario Siervo
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK;
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Chen J, Xie P, Huang Y, Gao H. Complex Interplay of Heme-Copper Oxidases with Nitrite and Nitric Oxide. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:979. [PMID: 35055165 PMCID: PMC8780969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrite and nitric oxide (NO), two active and critical nitrogen oxides linking nitrate to dinitrogen gas in the broad nitrogen biogeochemical cycle, are capable of interacting with redox-sensitive proteins. The interactions of both with heme-copper oxidases (HCOs) serve as the foundation not only for the enzymatic interconversion of nitrogen oxides but also for the inhibitory activity. From extensive studies, we now know that NO interacts with HCOs in a rapid and reversible manner, either competing with oxygen or not. During interconversion, a partially reduced heme/copper center reduces the nitrite ion, producing NO with the heme serving as the reductant and the cupric ion providing a Lewis acid interaction with nitrite. The interaction may lead to the formation of either a relatively stable nitrosyl-derivative of the enzyme reduced or a more labile nitrite-derivative of the enzyme oxidized through two different pathways, resulting in enzyme inhibition. Although nitrite and NO show similar biochemical properties, a growing body of evidence suggests that they are largely treated as distinct molecules by bacterial cells. NO seemingly interacts with all hemoproteins indiscriminately, whereas nitrite shows high specificity to HCOs. Moreover, as biologically active molecules and signal molecules, nitrite and NO directly affect the activity of different enzymes and are perceived by completely different sensing systems, respectively, through which they are linked to different biological processes. Further attempts to reconcile this apparent contradiction could open up possible avenues for the application of these nitrogen oxides in a variety of fields, the pharmaceutical industry in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Haichun Gao
- Institute of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.C.); (P.X.); (Y.H.)
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d'Unienville NMA, Blake HT, Coates AM, Hill AM, Nelson MJ, Buckley JD. Effect of food sources of nitrate, polyphenols, L-arginine and L-citrulline on endurance exercise performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:76. [PMID: 34965876 PMCID: PMC8715640 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00472-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing nitric oxide bioavailability may induce physiological effects that enhance endurance exercise performance. This review sought to evaluate the performance effects of consuming foods containing compounds that may promote nitric oxide bioavailability. METHODS Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid Medline, EMBASE and SportDiscus were searched, with included studies assessing endurance performance following consumption of foods containing nitrate, L-arginine, L-citrulline or polyphenols. Random effects meta-analysis was conducted, with subgroup analyses performed based on food sources, sex, fitness, performance test type and supplementation protocol (e.g. duration). RESULTS One hundred and eighteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, which encompassed 59 polyphenol studies, 56 nitrate studies and three L-citrulline studies. No effect on exercise performance following consumption of foods rich in L-citrulline was identified (SMD=-0.03, p=0.24). Trivial but significant benefits were demonstrated for consumption of nitrate and polyphenol-rich foods (SMD=0.15 and 0.17, respectively, p<0.001), including performance in time-trial, time-to-exhaustion and intermittent-type tests, and following both acute and multiple-day supplementation, but no effect of nitrate or polyphenol consumption was found in females. Among nitrate-rich foods, beneficial effects were seen for beetroot, but not red spinach or Swiss chard and rhubarb. For polyphenol-rich foods, benefits were found for grape, (nitrate-depleted) beetroot, French maritime pine, Montmorency cherry and pomegranate, while no significant effects were evident for New Zealand blackcurrant, cocoa, ginseng, green tea or raisins. Considerable heterogeneity between polyphenol studies may reflect food-specific effects or differences in study designs and subject characteristics. Well-trained males (V̇O2max ≥65 ml.kg.min-1) exhibited small, significant benefits following polyphenol, but not nitrate consumption. CONCLUSION Foods rich in polyphenols and nitrate provide trivial benefits for endurance exercise performance, although these effects may be food dependent. Highly trained endurance athletes do not appear to benefit from consuming nitrate-rich foods but may benefit from polyphenol consumption. Further research into food sources, dosage and supplementation duration to optimise the ergogenic response to polyphenol consumption is warranted. Further studies should evaluate whether differential sex-based responses to nitrate and polyphenol consumption are attributable to physiological differences or sample size limitations. OTHER The review protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/u7nsj ) and no funding was provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah M A d'Unienville
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. Noah.D'
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. Noah.D'
| | - Henry T Blake
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison M Hill
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Maximillian J Nelson
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jonathan D Buckley
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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9
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Durão C, Pedrosa F, Dinis-Oliveira RJ. Another suicide by sodium nitrite and multiple drugs: an alarming trend for “exit”? Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2020; 17:362-366. [DOI: 10.1007/s12024-020-00340-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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10
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Anand CR, Bhavya B, Jayakumar K, Harikrishnan VS, Gopala S. Inorganic nitrite alters mitochondrial dynamics without overt changes in cell death and mitochondrial respiration in cardiomyoblasts under hyperglycemia. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 70:105048. [PMID: 33161133 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.105048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic nitrate or nitrite supplementation has been reported to demonstrate positive outcomes in rodent models of obesity and diabetes as well as in type 2 diabetic humans and even included in clinical trials pertaining to cardiovascular diseases in the recent decade. However, there are contrasting data regarding the useful and toxic effects of the anions. The primary scope of this study was to analyze the beneficial/detrimental alterations in redox status, mitochondrial dynamics and function, and cellular fitness in cardiomyoblasts inflicted by nitrite under hyperglycemic conditions compared with normoglycemia. Nitrite supplementation in H9c2 myoblasts under high glucose diminishes the Bcl-xL expression and mitochondrial ROS levels without significant initiation of cell death or decline in total ROS levels. Concomitantly, there are tendencies towards lowering of mitochondrial membrane potential, but without noteworthy changes in mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration. The study also revealed that under high glucose stress, nitrite may alter mitochondrial dynamics by Drp1 activation possibly via Akt1-Pim1 axis. Moreover, the study revealed differential effects of Drp1 silencing and/or nitrite under the above glycemic conditions. Overall, the study warrants more research regarding the effects of nitrite therapy in cardiac cells exposed to hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Anand
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Bharathan Bhavya
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India
| | - K Jayakumar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India.
| | - V S Harikrishnan
- Division of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India.
| | - Srinivas Gopala
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala, India.
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Feelisch M, Akaike T, Griffiths K, Ida T, Prysyazhna O, Goodwin JJ, Gollop ND, Fernandez BO, Minnion M, Cortese-Krott MM, Borgognone A, Hayes RM, Eaton P, Frenneaux MP, Madhani M. Long-lasting blood pressure lowering effects of nitrite are NO-independent and mediated by hydrogen peroxide, persulfides, and oxidation of protein kinase G1α redox signalling. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:51-62. [PMID: 31372656 PMCID: PMC6918062 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Under hypoxic conditions, nitrite (NO2-) can be reduced to nitric oxide (NO) eliciting vasorelaxation. However, nitrite also exerts vasorelaxant effects of potential therapeutic relevance under normal physiological conditions via undetermined mechanisms. We, therefore, sought to investigate the mechanism(s) by which nitrite regulates the vascular system in normoxia and, specifically, whether the biological effects are a result of NO generation (as in hypoxia) or mediated via alternative mechanisms involving classical downstream targets of NO [e.g. effects on protein kinase G1α (PKG1α)]. METHODS AND RESULTS Ex vivo myography revealed that, unlike in thoracic aorta (conduit vessels), the vasorelaxant effects of nitrite in mesenteric resistance vessels from wild-type (WT) mice were NO-independent. Oxidants such as H2O2 promote disulfide formation of PKG1α, resulting in NO- cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) independent kinase activation. To explore whether the microvascular effects of nitrite were associated with PKG1α oxidation, we used a Cys42Ser PKG1α knock-in (C42S PKG1α KI; 'redox-dead') mouse that cannot transduce oxidant signals. Resistance vessels from these C42S PKG1α KI mice were markedly less responsive to nitrite-induced vasodilation. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) bolus application of nitrite in conscious WT mice induced a rapid yet transient increase in plasma nitrite and cGMP concentrations followed by prolonged hypotensive effects, as assessed using in vivo telemetry. In the C42S PKG1α KI mice, the blood pressure lowering effects of nitrite were lower compared to WT. Increased H2O2 concentrations were detected in WT resistance vessel tissue challenged with nitrite. Consistent with this, increased cysteine and glutathione persulfide levels were detected in these vessels by mass spectrometry, matching the temporal profile of nitrite's effects on H2O2 and blood pressure. CONCLUSION Under physiological conditions, nitrite induces a delayed and long-lasting blood pressure lowering effect, which is NO-independent and occurs via a new redox mechanism involving H2O2, persulfides, and PKG1α oxidation/activation. Targeting this novel pathway may provide new prospects for anti-hypertensive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kayleigh Griffiths
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Tomoaki Ida
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Oleksandra Prysyazhna
- King's College of London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Joanna J Goodwin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Nicholas D Gollop
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Bob Champion Research and Education Building, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Bernadette O Fernandez
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Magdalena Minnion
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Miriam M Cortese-Krott
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Alessandra Borgognone
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Rosie M Hayes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Philip Eaton
- King's College of London, School of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, The British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Michael P Frenneaux
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Bob Champion Research and Education Building, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Melanie Madhani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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12
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Ataei Ataabadi E, Golshiri K, Jüttner A, Krenning G, Danser AHJ, Roks AJM. Nitric Oxide-cGMP Signaling in Hypertension: Current and Future Options for Pharmacotherapy. Hypertension 2020; 76:1055-1068. [PMID: 32829664 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
For the treatment of systemic hypertension, pharmacological intervention in nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate signaling is a well-explored but unexploited option. In this review, we present the identified drug targets, including oxidases, mitochondria, soluble guanylyl cyclase, phosphodiesterase 1 and 5, and protein kinase G, important compounds that modulate them, and the current status of (pre)clinical development. The mode of action of these compounds is discussed, and based upon this, the clinical opportunities. We conclude that drugs that directly target the enzymes of the nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate cascade are currently the most promising compounds, but that none of these compounds is under investigation as a treatment option for systemic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Ataei Ataabadi
- From the Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (E.A.A., K.G., A.J., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.)
| | - Keivan Golshiri
- From the Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (E.A.A., K.G., A.J., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.)
| | - Annika Jüttner
- From the Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (E.A.A., K.G., A.J., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.)
| | - Guido Krenning
- Sulfateq B.V., Groningen, the Netherlands (G.K.).,Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Department Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands (G.K.)
| | - A H Jan Danser
- From the Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (E.A.A., K.G., A.J., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.)
| | - Anton J M Roks
- From the Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (E.A.A., K.G., A.J., A.H.J.D., A.J.M.R.)
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13
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Kapil V, Khambata RS, Jones DA, Rathod K, Primus C, Massimo G, Fukuto JM, Ahluwalia A. The Noncanonical Pathway for In Vivo Nitric Oxide Generation: The Nitrate-Nitrite-Nitric Oxide Pathway. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:692-766. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.120.019240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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14
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Peng R, Luo M, Tian R, Lu N. Dietary nitrate attenuated endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice fed a high-fat diet: A critical role for NADPH oxidase. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 689:108453. [PMID: 32524996 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) deficiency and NADPH oxidase plays key roles in endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerotic plaque formation. Recent evidence demonstrates that nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway in vivo exerts beneficial effects upon the cardiovascular system. We aimed to investigate the effects of dietary nitrate on endothelial function and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice fed a high-fat diet. It was shown that dietary nitrate significantly attenuated aortic endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. Mechanistic studies revealed that dietary nitrate significantly improved plasma nitrate/nitrite, inhibited vascular NADPH oxidase activity and oxidative stress in ApoE-/- mice, while xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) expression and activity was enhanced in ApoE-/- mice in comparison with wide type animals. These beneficial effects of nitrate in ApoE-/- mice were abolished by PTIO (NO scavenger) and significantly prevented by febuxostat (XOR inhibitor). In the presence of nitrate, no further effect of apocynin (NADPH oxidase inhibitor) was observed, suggesting NADPH oxidase as a possible target. In vitro, NO donor significantly inhibited NADPH oxidase activity in vascular endothelial cells via the induction of heme oxygenase-1. Altogether, boosting this nitrate-nitrite-NO signaling pathway resulted in the decreases of vascular NADPH oxidase-derived oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, and consequently protected ApoE-/- mice against atherosclerosis. These findings may have novel nutritional implications for the preventive and therapeutic strategies against vascular endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Peng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mengjuan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Naihao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
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15
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El-Nabarawy NA, Zohdy K, Medany SS, Fadlallah SA. Electrochemical assessement of the therapeutic agent of dietary nitrite in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats based on Ni-Cu/nanotitania sensor. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Tian R, Peng R, Yang Z, Peng YY, Lu N. Supplementation of dietary nitrate attenuated oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in diabetic vasculature through inhibition of NADPH oxidase. Nitric Oxide 2020; 96:54-63. [PMID: 31972252 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic disorders in diabetes, which are usually accompanied by oxidative stress and impaired nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, increase the risk of detrimental cardiovascular complications. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic potential of dietary nitrate, which is found in high content in green leafy vegetables, on vascular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection. Dietary nitrate in drinking water fuelled a nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, which inhibited vascular oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and many features of metabolic syndrome in diabetic mice. These beneficial effects of nitrate on diabetic mice were abolished by PTIO (NO scavenger) treatment and significantly prevented by febuxostat (xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor), demonstrating the central importance of NO in bioactivation of nitrate. The favorable effects of nitrate were not further influenced by apocynin (NADPH oxidase inhibitor), suggesting NADPH oxidase as a possible target. In high glucose-incubated vascular endothelial cells, NO donor attenuated oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction via the inhibition of NADPH oxidase, where a heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)-dependent mechanism was demonstrated for the antioxidant abilities of NO. Altogether, boosting this nitrate-nitrite-NO signaling pathway resulted in the decreases of NADPH oxidase-derived oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and metabolic disorders in diabetic vasculature. These findings may have novel implications for the preventive strategy against diabetes-induced vascular dysfunction and associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rou Peng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
| | - Naihao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry, Jiangxi Province and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
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17
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Ntessalen M, Procter NEK, Schwarz K, Loudon BL, Minnion M, Fernandez BO, Vassiliou VS, Vauzour D, Madhani M, Constantin‐Teodosiu D, Horowitz JD, Feelisch M, Dawson D, Crichton PG, Frenneaux MP. Inorganic nitrate and nitrite supplementation fails to improve skeletal muscle mitochondrial efficiency in mice and humans. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111:79-89. [PMID: 31599928 PMCID: PMC6944528 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inorganic nitrate, abundant in leafy green vegetables and beetroot, is thought to have protective health benefits. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet reduces the incidence and severity of coronary artery disease, whereas supplementation with nitrate can improve submaximal exercise performance. Once ingested, oral commensal bacteria may reduce nitrate to nitrite, which may subsequently be reduced to nitric oxide during conditions of hypoxia and in the presence of "nitrite reductases" such as heme- and molybdenum-containing enzymes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore the putative effects of inorganic nitrate and nitrite on mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle. METHODS Mice were subjected to a nitrate/nitrite-depleted diet for 2 wk, then supplemented with sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, or sodium chloride (1 g/L) in drinking water ad libitum for 7 d before killing. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and expression of uncoupling protein (UCP) 3, ADP/ATP carrier protein (AAC) 1 and AAC2, and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) were assessed by respirometry and Western blotting. Studies were also undertaken in human skeletal muscle biopsies from a cohort of coronary artery bypass graft patients treated with either sodium nitrite (30-min infusion of 10 μmol/min) or vehicle [0.9% (wt:vol) saline] 24 h before surgery. RESULTS Neither sodium nitrate nor sodium nitrite supplementation altered mitochondrial coupling efficiency in murine skeletal muscle, and expression of UCP3, AAC1, or AAC2, and PDH phosphorylation status did not differ between the nitrite and saline groups. Similar results were observed in human samples. CONCLUSIONS Sodium nitrite failed to improve mitochondrial metabolic efficiency, rendering this mechanism implausible for the purported exercise benefits of dietary nitrate supplementation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04001283.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ntessalen
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan E K Procter
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantin Schwarz
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Brodie L Loudon
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalena Minnion
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Bernadette O Fernandez
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Madhani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dumitru Constantin‐Teodosiu
- Medical Research Council/Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Life Sciences, Nottingham University Medical School, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - John D Horowitz
- Department of Cardiology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Dana Dawson
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G Crichton
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P Frenneaux
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom,Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom,Address correspondence to MPF (E-mail: )
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18
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Cumpstey AF, Hennis PJ, Gilbert-Kawai ET, Fernandez BO, Grant D, Jenner W, Poudevigne M, Moyses H, Levett DZ, Cobb A, Meale P, Mitchell K, Pöhnl H, Mythen MG, Grocott MP, Martin DS, Feelisch M. Effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on microvascular physiology at 4559 m altitude - A randomised controlled trial (Xtreme Alps). Nitric Oxide 2019; 94:27-35. [PMID: 31604146 PMCID: PMC6970220 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Native highlanders (e.g. Sherpa) demonstrate remarkable hypoxic tolerance, possibly secondary to higher levels of circulating nitric oxide (NO) and increased microcirculatory blood flow. As part of the Xtreme Alps study (a randomised placebo-controlled trial of dietary nitrate supplementation under field conditions of hypobaric hypoxia), we investigated whether dietary supplementation with nitrate could improve NO availability and microvascular blood flow in lowlanders. Plasma measurements of nitrate, nitrite and nitroso species were performed together with measurements of sublingual (sidestream dark-field camera) and forearm blood flow (venous occlusion plethysmography) in 28 healthy adult volunteers resident at 4559 m for 1 week; half receiving a beetroot-based high-nitrate supplement and half receiving an identically-tasting low nitrate ‘placebo’. Dietary supplementation increased plasma nitrate concentrations 4-fold compared to the placebo group, both at sea level (SL; 19.2 vs 76.9 μM) and at day 5 (D5) of high altitude (22.9 vs 84.3 μM, p < 0.001). Dietary nitrate supplementation also significantly increased both plasma nitrite (0.78 vs. 0.86 μM SL, 0.31 vs. 0.41 μM D5, p = 0.03) and total nitroso product (11.3 vs. 19.7 nM SL, 9.7 vs. 12.3 nM D5, p < 0.001) levels both at sea level and at 4559 m. However, plasma nitrite concentrations were more than 50% lower at 4559 m compared to sea level in both treatment groups. Despite these significant changes, dietary nitrate supplementation had no effect on any measured read-outs of sublingual or forearm blood flow, even when environmental hypoxia was experimentally reversed using supplemental oxygen. In conclusion, dietary nitrate supplementation does not improve microcirculatory function at 4559 m. Xtreme Alps is a randomised controlled field study of dietary nitrate at altitude. Dietary nitrate significantly increased plasma nitrate, nitrite & nitroso species. No changes in sublingual blood flow were seen in response to high dietary nitrate. Dietary nitrate did not alter forearm blood flow under any experimental condition. Dietary nitrate supplementation did not improve microcirculatory function at 4559 m
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Cumpstey
- Critical Care Research Area, Southampton, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Philip J Hennis
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Edward T Gilbert-Kawai
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Bernadette O Fernandez
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Warwick Medical School, Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Daniel Grant
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - William Jenner
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Matthieu Poudevigne
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Helen Moyses
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Denny Zh Levett
- Critical Care Research Area, Southampton, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Alexandra Cobb
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Paula Meale
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Kay Mitchell
- Critical Care Research Area, Southampton, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Helmut Pöhnl
- AURAPA, Paul-Heidelbauer-Straße 26, 74321, Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany
| | - Monty G Mythen
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Michael Pw Grocott
- Critical Care Research Area, Southampton, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Daniel S Martin
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK.
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Critical Care Research Area, Southampton, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK; Warwick Medical School, Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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19
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Borgognone A, Shantsila E, Worrall SM, Prompunt E, Loka T, Loudon BL, Chimen M, Ed Rainger G, Lord JM, Turner A, Nightingale P, Feelisch M, Kirchhof P, Lip GYH, Watson SP, Frenneaux MP, Madhani M. Nitrite circumvents platelet resistance to nitric oxide in patients with heart failure preserved ejection fraction and chronic atrial fibrillation. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:1313-1323. [PMID: 29659727 PMCID: PMC6054254 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Heart failure (HF) is a pro-thrombotic state. Both platelet and vascular responses to nitric oxide (NO) donors are impaired in HF patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) compared with healthy volunteers (HVs) due to scavenging of NO, and possibly also reduced activity of the principal NO sensor, soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), limiting the therapeutic potential of NO donors as anti-aggregatory agents. Previous studies have shown that nitrite inhibits platelet activation presumptively after its reduction to NO, but the mechanism(s) involved remain poorly characterized. Our aim was to compare the effects of nitrite on platelet function in HV vs. HF patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and chronic atrial fibrillation (HFpEF–AF), vs. patients with chronic AF without HF, and to assess whether these effects occur independent of the interaction with other formed elements of blood. Methods and results Platelet responses to nitrite and the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were compared in age-matched HV controls (n = 12), HFpEF–AF patients (n = 29), and chronic AF patients (n = 8). Anti-aggregatory effects of nitrite in the presence of NO scavengers/sGC inhibitor were determined and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation was assessed using western blotting. In HV and chronic AF, both nitrite and SNP inhibited platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by the NO donor SNP was impaired in HFpEF-AF patients compared with healthy and chronic AF individuals, but there was no impairment of the anti-aggregatory effects of nitrite. Nitrite circumvented platelet NO resistance independently of other blood cells by directly activating sGC and phosphorylating VASP. Conclusion We here show for the first time that HFpEF-AF (but not chronic AF without HF) is associated with marked impairment of platelet NO responses due to sGC dysfunction and nitrite circumvents the ‘platelet NO resistance’ phenomenon in human HFpEF, at least partly, by acting as a direct sGC activator independent of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Borgognone
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Eduard Shantsila
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.,Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, City Hospital, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK
| | - Sophie M Worrall
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Eakkapote Prompunt
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Thomas Loka
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Brodie L Loudon
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Myriam Chimen
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - G Ed Rainger
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Janet M Lord
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ashley Turner
- Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, City Hospital, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK
| | - Peter Nightingale
- Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.,Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, City Hospital, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.,Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, City Hospital, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK
| | - Steve P Watson
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Melanie Madhani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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20
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NADPH oxidase is a primary target for antioxidant effects by inorganic nitrite in lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress in mice and in macrophage cells. Nitric Oxide 2019; 89:46-53. [PMID: 31063820 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and oxidative stress is usually considered as an important factor to the pathogenesis of various diseases. Inorganic nitrite, previously viewed as a harmful substance in our diet or inert metabolites of endogenous NO, is recently identified as an important biological NO reservoir in vasculature and tissues. Stimulation of a nitrite-NO pathway shows organ-protective effects on oxidative stress and inflammation, but the mechanisms or target are not clear. In this study, the hypothesis that inorganic nitrite attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress in mice and in macrophage cells by modulating NADPH oxidase activity and NO bioavailability were investigated. We showed that nitrite treatment, in sharp contrast with the worsening effect of NO synthases inhibition, significantly attenuated aortic oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and mortality in LPS-induced shock in mice. Mechanistically, protective effects of nitrite were abolished by NO scavenger and xanthine oxidase inhibitor, and inhibition of NADPH oxidase with apocynin attenuated LPS-induced oxidative stress similar to that of nitrite. In the presence of nitrite, no further effect of apocynin was observed, suggesting NADPH oxidase as a possible target. In LPS-activated macrophage cells, nitrite reduced NADPH oxidase activity and oxidative stress and these effects of nitrite were also abolished by NO scavenger and xanthine oxidase inhibitor, where xanthine oxidase-mediated reduction of nitrite attenuated NADPH oxidase activity in activated macrophages via a NO-dependent mechanism. In conclusion, these novel findings position NADPH oxidase in the inflammatory vasculature as a prime target for the antioxidant effects of inorganic nitrite, and open a new direction to modulate the inflammatory response.
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21
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Walker MA, Bailey TG, McIlvenna L, Allen JD, Green DJ, Askew CD. Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation Improves Flow Mediated Dilatation of the Superficial Femoral Artery in Healthy Older Males. Nutrients 2019; 11:E954. [PMID: 31035478 PMCID: PMC6566150 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is often associated with reduced leg blood flow, increased arterial stiffness, and endothelial dysfunction, all of which are related to declining nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Flow mediated dilatation (FMD) and passive leg movement (PLM) hyperaemia are two techniques used to measure NO-dependent vascular function. We hypothesised that acute dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation would improve NO bioavailability, leg FMD, and PLM hyperaemia. Fifteen healthy older men (69 ± 4 years) attended two experiment sessions and consumed either 140 mL of concentrated beetroot juice (800 mg NO3-) or placebo (NO3--depleted beetroot juice) in a randomised, double blind, cross-over design study. Plasma nitrite (NO2-) and NO3-, blood pressure (BP), augmentation index (AIx75), pulse wave velocity (PWV), FMD of the superficial femoral artery, and PLM hyperaemia were measured immediately before and 2.5 h after consuming NO3- and placebo. Placebo had no effect but NO3- led to an 8.6-fold increase in plasma NO2-, which was accompanied by an increase in FMD (NO3-: +1.18 ± 0.94% vs. placebo: 0.23 ± 1.13%, p = 0.002), and a reduction in AIx75 (NO3-: -8.7 ± 11.6% vs. placebo: -4.6 ± 5.5%, p = 0.027). PLM hyperaemia, BP, and PWV were unchanged during both trials. This study showed that a dose of dietary NO3- improved NO bioavailability and enhanced endothelial function as measured by femoral artery FMD. These findings provide insight into the specific central and peripheral vascular responses to dietary NO3- supplementation in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meegan A Walker
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia.
| | - Tom G Bailey
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia.
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Luke McIlvenna
- Institute for Health and Sport, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3031, Australia.
| | - Jason D Allen
- Institute for Health and Sport, College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3031, Australia.
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
| | - Daniel J Green
- School of Sport Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Western Australia, West Perth, WA 6872, Australia.
| | - Christopher D Askew
- VasoActive Research Group, School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia.
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Sunshine Coast Hospital and Health Service, Birtinya, QLD 4575, Australia.
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22
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Deng Y, Cai Y, Liu L, Lin X, Lu P, Guo Y, Han M, Xu G. Blocking Tyr265 nitration of protein phosphatase 2A attenuates nitrosative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction in renal microvessels. FASEB J 2018; 33:3718-3730. [PMID: 30521379 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800885rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine (Tyr) nitration, the covalent addition of a nitro group (•NO2) to Tyr residues, is emerging as a candidate mechanism of endothelial dysfunction. Previous studies have shown that Tyr nitration is primarily induced by nitrosative stress, a process characterized by the production of reactive nitrogen species, especially peroxynitrite anion (ONOO-), which is considered a secondary product of NO in the presence of superoxide radicals (O2•-). However, the impact of nitrosative stress-induced Tyr nitration on endothelial dysfunction has not been thoroughly elucidated to date. We developed an endothelial dysfunction model, a process called "endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT)," and evaluated the production of NO, O2•-, and protein nitration during EndMT. The results showed that TGF-β1 stimulation induced EndMT and elevated endothelial NO and O2•- production as well as nitration of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase (PP)2A. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that Tyr265 was the nitration site in the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase (PP)2A, and this Tyr nitration increased PP2A activity and disrupted endothelial integrity. To devise an endothelial-targeted anti-PP2Ac nitration strategy, a mimic peptide, tyrosine 265 wild type (Y265WT), conjugated with the cell-penetrating peptide HIV-1 TAT protein (TAT) was synthesized. PP2Ac nitration and PP2A activity were significantly inhibited by pretreatment with TAT-265WT, and the integrity of endothelial cells was maintained. Furthermore, injection of TAT-265WT attenuated renal nitration formation and caused anticapillary rarefaction in a unilateral urethral obstructive nephropathy model. Taken together, these results offer preclinical proof of concept for TAT-265WT as a tractable agent to protect against nitrosative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction in renal microvessels.-Deng,Y., Cai, Y., Liu, L., Lin, X., Lu, P., Guo, Y., Han, M., Xu, G. Blocking Tyr265 nitration of protein phosphatase 2A attenuates nitrosative stress-induced endothelial dysfunction in renal microvessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Deng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Cai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lele Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueping Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pingfan Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiyan Guo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Han
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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23
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Tropea T, Wareing M, Greenwood SL, Feelisch M, Sibley CP, Cottrell EC. Nitrite mediated vasorelaxation in human chorionic plate vessels is enhanced by hypoxia and dependent on the NO-sGC-cGMP pathway. Nitric Oxide 2018; 80:82-88. [PMID: 30179715 PMCID: PMC6199414 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Adequate perfusion of the placental vasculature is essential to meet the metabolic demands of fetal growth and development. Lacking neural control, local tissue metabolites, circulating and physical factors contribute significantly to blood flow regulation. Nitric oxide (NO) is a key regulator of fetoplacental vascular tone. Nitrite, previously considered an inert end-product of NO oxidation, has been shown to provide an important source of NO. Reduction of nitrite to NO may be particularly relevant in tissue when the oxygen-dependent NO synthase (NOS) activity is compromised, e.g. in hypoxia. The contribution of this pathway in the placenta is currently unknown. We hypothesised that nitrite vasodilates human placental blood vessels, with enhanced efficacy under hypoxia. Placentas were collected from uncomplicated pregnancies and the vasorelaxant effect of nitrite (10-6-5x10-3 M) was assessed using wire myography on isolated pre-constricted chorionic plate arteries (CPAs) and veins (CPVs) under normoxic (pO2 ∼5%) and hypoxic (pO2 ∼1%) conditions. The dependency on the NO-sGC-cGMP pathway and known nitrite reductase (NiR) activities was also investigated. Nitrite caused concentration-dependent vasorelaxation in both arteries and veins, and this effect was enhanced by hypoxia, significantly in CPVs (P < 0.01) and with a trend in CPAs (P = 0.054). Pre-incubation with NO scavengers (cPTIO and oxyhemoglobin) attenuated (P < 0.01 and P < 0.0001, respectively), and the sGC inhibitor ODQ completely abolished nitrite-mediated vasorelaxation, confirming the involvement of NO and sGC. Inhibition of potential NiR enzymes xanthine oxidoreductase, mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase and mitochondrial bc1 complex did not attenuate vasorelaxation. This data suggests that nitrite may provide an important reservoir of NO bioactivity within the placenta to enhance blood flow when fetoplacental oxygenation is impaired, as occurring in pregnancy diseases such as pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Tropea
- Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Maternal & Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Mark Wareing
- Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Maternal & Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Susan L Greenwood
- Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Maternal & Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Colin P Sibley
- Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Maternal & Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C Cottrell
- Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Maternal & Fetal Health Research Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
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24
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Yingchoncharoen T, Rakyhao T, Chuncharunee S, Sritara P, Pienvichit P, Paiboonsukwong K, Sathavorasmith P, Sirirat K, Sriwantana T, Srihirun S, Sibmooh N. Inhaled nebulized sodium nitrite decreases pulmonary artery pressure in β-thalassemia patients with pulmonary hypertension. Nitric Oxide 2018; 76:174-178. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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25
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Does dietary nitrate say NO to cardiovascular ageing? Current evidence and implications for research. Proc Nutr Soc 2018; 77:112-123. [DOI: 10.1017/s0029665118000058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CVD are characterised by a multi-factorial pathogenesis. Key pathogenetic steps in the development of CVD are the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction and formation of atherosclerotic lesions. Reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is a primary event in the initiation of the atherosclerotic cascade. NO is a free radical with multiple physiological functions including the regulation of vascular resistance, coagulation, immunity and oxidative metabolism. The synthesis of NO proceeds via two distinct pathways identified as enzymatic and non-enzymatic. The former involves the conversion of arginine into NO by the NO synthases, whilst the latter comprises a two-step reducing process converting inorganic nitrate $({\rm NO}_3^ - )$ into nitrite and subsequently NO.Inorganic ${\rm NO}_3^ - $ is present in water and food, particularly beetroot and green leafy vegetables. Several investigations have therefore used the non-enzymatic NO pathway as a target for nutritional supplementation (${\rm NO}_3^ - $ salts) or dietary interventions (high-${\rm NO}_3^ - $ foods) to increase NO bioavailability and impact on cardiovascular outcomes. Some studies have reported positive effects of dietary ${\rm NO}_3^ - $ on systolic blood pressure and endothelial function in patients with hypertension and chronic heart failure. Nevertheless, results have been inconsistent and the size of the effect appears to be declining in older individuals. Additionally, there is a paucity of studies for disorders such as diabetes, CHD and chronic kidney failure. Thus, whilst dietary ${\rm NO}_3^ - $ supplementation could represent an effective and viable strategy for the primary and secondary prevention of age-related cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, more large-scale, robust studies are awaited to confirm or refute this notion.
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26
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Cumpstey AF, Hennis PJ, Gilbert-Kawai ET, Fernandez BO, Poudevigne M, Cobb A, Meale P, Mitchell K, Moyses H, Pöhnl H, Mythen MG, Grocott MPW, Feelisch M, Martin DS. Effects of dietary nitrate on respiratory physiology at high altitude - Results from the Xtreme Alps study. Nitric Oxide 2017; 71:57-68. [PMID: 29042272 PMCID: PMC5687938 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) production plays a central role in conferring tolerance to hypoxia. Tibetan highlanders, successful high-altitude dwellers for millennia, have higher circulating nitrate and exhaled NO (ENO) levels than native lowlanders. Since nitrate itself can reduce the oxygen cost of exercise in normoxia it may confer additional benefits at high altitude. Xtreme Alps was a double-blinded randomised placebo-controlled trial to investigate how dietary nitrate supplementation affects physiological responses to hypoxia in 28 healthy adult volunteers resident at 4559 m for 1 week; 14 receiving a beetroot-based high-nitrate supplement and 14 receiving a low-nitrate 'placebo' of matching appearance/taste. ENO, vital signs and acute mountain sickness (AMS) severity were recorded at sea level (SL) and daily at altitude. Moreover, standard spirometric values were recorded, and saliva and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collected. There was no significant difference in resting cardiorespiratory variables, peripheral oxygen saturation or AMS score with nitrate supplementation at SL or altitude. Median ENO levels increased from 1.5/3.0 mPa at SL, to 3.5/7.4 mPa after 5 days at altitude (D5) in the low and high-nitrate groups, respectively (p = 0.02). EBC nitrite also rose significantly with dietary nitrate (p = 0.004), 1.7-5.1 μM at SL and 1.6-6.3 μM at D5, and this rise appeared to be associated with increased levels of ENO. However, no significant changes occurred to levels of EBC nitrate or nitrosation products (RXNO). Median salivary nitrite/nitrate concentrations increased from 56.5/786 μM to 333/5,194 μM with nitrate supplementation at SL, and changed to 85.6/641 μM and 341/4,553 μM on D5. Salivary RXNO rose markedly with treatment at SL from 0.55 μM to 5.70 μM. At D5 placebo salivary RXNO had increased to 1.90 μM whilst treatment RXNO decreased to 3.26 μM. There was no association with changes in any observation variables or AMS score. In conclusion, dietary nitrate supplementation is well tolerated at altitude and significantly increases pulmonary NO availability and both salivary and EBC NO metabolite concentrations. Surprisingly, this is not associated with changes in hemodynamics, oxygen saturation or AMS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Cumpstey
- Critical Care Research Area, Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK; Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - Philip J Hennis
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Edward T Gilbert-Kawai
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Bernadette O Fernandez
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK; Warwick Medical School, Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Matthieu Poudevigne
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - Alexandra Cobb
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Paula Meale
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Kay Mitchell
- Critical Care Research Area, Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK; Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - Helen Moyses
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - Helmut Pöhnl
- AURAPA, Paul-Heidelbauer-Straße 26, 74321 Bietigheim-Bissingen, Germany
| | - Monty G Mythen
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Michael P W Grocott
- Critical Care Research Area, Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK; Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Critical Care Research Area, Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK; Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK; Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK; Warwick Medical School, Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Daniel S Martin
- UCL Centre for Altitude, Space and Extreme Environment (CASE) Medicine, UCLH NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, 170 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7HA, UK.
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27
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Gasier HG, Reinhold AR, Loiselle AR, Soutiere SE, Fothergill DM. Effects of oral sodium nitrate on forearm blood flow, oxygenation and exercise performance during acute exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (4300 m). Nitric Oxide 2017; 69:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Daiber A, Steven S, Weber A, Shuvaev VV, Muzykantov VR, Laher I, Li H, Lamas S, Münzel T. Targeting vascular (endothelial) dysfunction. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1591-1619. [PMID: 27187006 PMCID: PMC5446575 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are major contributors to global deaths and disability-adjusted life years, with hypertension a significant risk factor for all causes of death. The endothelium that lines the inner wall of the vasculature regulates essential haemostatic functions, such as vascular tone, circulation of blood cells, inflammation and platelet activity. Endothelial dysfunction is an early predictor of atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events. We review the prognostic value of obtaining measurements of endothelial function, the clinical techniques for its determination, the mechanisms leading to endothelial dysfunction and the therapeutic treatment of endothelial dysfunction. Since vascular oxidative stress and inflammation are major determinants of endothelial function, we have also addressed current antioxidant and anti-inflammatory therapies. In the light of recent data that dispute the prognostic value of endothelial function in healthy human cohorts, we also discuss alternative diagnostic parameters such as vascular stiffness index and intima/media thickness ratio. We also suggest that assessing vascular function, including that of smooth muscle and even perivascular adipose tissue, may be an appropriate parameter for clinical investigations. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Center of CardiologyMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Partner Site Rhine‐MainMainzGermany
| | - Sebastian Steven
- Center of CardiologyMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
- Center of Thrombosis and HemostasisMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Alina Weber
- Center of CardiologyMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Vladimir V. Shuvaev
- Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Vladimir R. Muzykantov
- Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Huige Li
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Partner Site Rhine‐MainMainzGermany
- Department of PharmacologyMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Department of Cell Biology and ImmunologyCentro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC‐UAM)MadridSpain
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Center of CardiologyMedical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)Partner Site Rhine‐MainMainzGermany
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29
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Taguchi K, Yamasaki K, Sakai H, Maruyama T, Otagiri M. The Use of Hemoglobin Vesicles for Delivering Medicinal Gas for the Treatment of Intractable Disorders. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:2392-2400. [PMID: 28414143 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive gaseous molecules, such as oxygen (O2) and carbon monoxide (CO), are essential elements for most living organisms to maintain their homeostasis and biological activities. An accumulating body of evidence suggests that such molecules can be used in clinics as a medical gas in the treatment of various intractable disorders. Recent developments in hemoglobin-encapsulated liposomes, namely hemoglobin vesicles (HbV), possess great potential for retaining O2 and CO and could lead to strategies for the development of novel pharmacological agents as medical gas donors. HbV with either O2 or CO bound to it has been demonstrated to have therapeutic potential for treating certain intractable disorders and has the possibility to serve as diagnostic and augmenting product by virtue of unique physicochemical characteristics of HbV. The present review provides an overview of the present status of the use of O2- or CO-binding HbV in experimental animal models of intractable disorders and discusses prospective clinical applications of HbV as a medical gas donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Taguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Nara Medical University, Shijo-cho 840, Kashihara, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan; DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
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Beetroot juice versus chard gel: A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic comparison of nitrate bioavailability. Nitric Oxide 2017; 64:61-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Colburn TD, Ferguson SK, Holdsworth CT, Craig JC, Musch TI, Poole DC. Effect of sodium nitrite on local control of contracting skeletal muscle microvascular oxygen pressure in healthy rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 122:153-160. [PMID: 27789769 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00367.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise intolerance characteristic of diseases such as chronic heart failure (CHF) and diabetes is associated with reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability from nitric oxide synthase (NOS), resulting in an impaired microvascular O2 driving pressure (Po2mv; O2 delivery/O2 utilization) and metabolic control. Infusions of the potent NO donor sodium nitroprusside augment NO bioavailability yet decrease mean arterial pressure (MAP) thereby reducing its potential efficacy for patient populations. To eliminate or reduce hypotensive sequelae, [Formula: see text] was superfused onto the spinotrapezius muscle. It was hypothesized that local [Formula: see text] administration would elevate resting Po2mv and slow Po2mv kinetics [increased time constant (τ) and mean response time (MRT)] following the onset of muscle contractions without decreasing MAP. In 12 anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats, Po2mv of the circulation-intact spinotrapezius muscle was measured by phosphorescence quenching during 180 s of electrically induced twitch contractions (1 Hz) before and after superfusion of sodium nitrite (NaNO2 30 mM). [Formula: see text] superfusion elevated resting Po2mv (control: 28.4 ± 1.1 vs. [Formula: see text]: 31.6 ± 1.2 mmHg; P ≤ 0.05), τ (control: 12.3 ± 1.2 vs. [Formula: see text]: 19.7 ± 2.2 s; P ≤ 0.05), and MRT (control: 19.3 ± 1.9 vs. [Formula: see text]: 25.6 ± 3.3 s; P ≤ 0.05). Importantly, these effects occurred in the absence of any reduction in MAP (103 ± 4 vs. 105 ± 4 mmHg, pre- and postsuperfusion respectively; P > 0.05). These results indicate that [Formula: see text] supplementation delivered to the muscle directly through [Formula: see text] superfusion enhances the blood-myocyte oxygen driving pressure without compromising MAP at rest and following the onset of muscle contraction. This strategy has substantial clinical utility for a range of ischemic conditions. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ischemic conditions as diverse as chronic heart failure (CHF) and frostbite inflict tissue damage via inadequate O2 delivery. Herein we demonstrate that direct application of sodium nitrite enhances the O2 supply-O2 demand relationship, raising microvascular O2 pressure in healthy skeletal muscle. This therapeutic action of nitrite-derived nitric oxide occurred without inducing systemic hypotension and has the potential to relieve focal ischemia and preserve tissue vitality by enhancing O2 delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trenton D Colburn
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; and
| | - Scott K Ferguson
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Clark T Holdsworth
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Jesse C Craig
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; and
| | - Timothy I Musch
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; and.,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - David C Poole
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; and .,Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
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Loudon BL, Noordali H, Gollop ND, Frenneaux MP, Madhani M. Present and future pharmacotherapeutic agents in heart failure: an evolving paradigm. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:1911-24. [PMID: 26993743 PMCID: PMC4882493 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many conditions culminate in heart failure (HF), a multi‐organ systemic syndrome with an intrinsically poor prognosis. Pharmacotherapeutic agents that correct neurohormonal dysregulation and haemodynamic instability have occupied the forefront of developments within the treatment of HF in the past. Indeed, multiple trials aimed to validate these agents in the 1980s and early 1990s, resulting in a large and robust evidence‐base supporting their use clinically. An established treatment paradigm now exists for the treatment of HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but there have been very few notable developments in recent years. HF remains a significant health concern with an increasing incidence as the population ages. We may indeed be entering the surgical era for HF treatment, but these therapies remain expensive and inaccessible to many. Newer pharmacotherapeutic agents are slowly emerging, many targeting alternative therapeutic pathways, but with mixed results. Metabolic modulation and manipulation of the nitrate/nitrite/nitric oxide pathway have shown promise and could provide the answers to fill the therapeutic gap between medical interventions and surgery, but further definitive trials are warranted. We review the significant evidence base behind the current medical treatments for HFrEF, the physiology of metabolic impairment in HF, and discuss two promising novel agents, perhexiline and nitrite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brodie L Loudon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Hannah Noordali
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nicholas D Gollop
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Michael P Frenneaux
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Melanie Madhani
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Borgognone A, Loka T, Chimen M, Rainger E, Feelisch M, Watson SP, Frenneaux MP, Madhani M. Nitrite is a cGMP generator in isolated platelets. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2015. [PMCID: PMC4565568 DOI: 10.1186/2050-6511-16-s1-a65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Glean AA, Ferguson SK, Holdsworth CT, Colburn TD, Wright JL, Fees AJ, Hageman KS, Poole DC, Musch TI. Effects of nitrite infusion on skeletal muscle vascular control during exercise in rats with chronic heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2015; 309:H1354-60. [PMID: 26371165 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00421.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic heart failure (CHF) reduces nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and impairs skeletal muscle vascular control during exercise. Reduction of NO2 (-) to NO may impact exercise-induced hyperemia, particularly in muscles with pathologically reduced O2 delivery. We tested the hypothesis that NO2 (-) infusion would increase exercising skeletal muscle blood flow (BF) and vascular conductance (VC) in CHF rats with a preferential effect in muscles composed primarily of type IIb + IId/x fibers. CHF (coronary artery ligation) was induced in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. After a >21-day recovery, mean arterial pressure (MAP; carotid artery catheter) and skeletal muscle BF (radiolabeled microspheres) were measured during treadmill exercise (20 m/min, 5% incline) with and without NO2 (-) infusion. The myocardial infarct size (35 ± 3%) indicated moderate CHF. NO2 (-) infusion increased total hindlimb skeletal muscle VC (CHF: 0.85 ± 0.09 ml·min(-1)·100 g(-1)·mmHg(-1) and CHF + NO2 (-): 0.93 ± 0.09 ml·min(-1)·100 g(-1)·mmHg(-1), P < 0.05) without changing MAP (CHF: 123 ± 4 mmHg and CHF + NO2 (-): 120 ± 4 mmHg, P = 0.17). Total hindlimb skeletal muscle BF was not significantly different (CHF: 102 ± 7 and CHF + NO2 (-): 109 ± 7 ml·min(-1)·100 g(-1) ml·min(-1)·100 g(-1), P > 0.05). BF increased in 6 (∼21%) and VC in 8 (∼29%) of the 28 individual muscles and muscle parts. Muscles and muscle portions exhibiting greater BF and VC after NO2 (-) infusion comprised ≥63% type IIb + IId/x muscle fibers. These data demonstrate that NO2 (-) infusion can augment skeletal muscle vascular control during exercise in CHF rats. Given the targeted effects shown herein, a NO2 (-)-based therapy may provide an attractive "needs-based" approach for treatment of the vascular dysfunction in CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela A Glean
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Scott K Ferguson
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; and
| | - Clark T Holdsworth
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; and
| | - Trenton D Colburn
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Jennifer L Wright
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; and
| | - Alex J Fees
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; and
| | - Karen S Hageman
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; and
| | - David C Poole
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; and Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
| | - Timothy I Musch
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas; and Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas
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Ferguson SK, Glean AA, Holdsworth CT, Wright JL, Fees AJ, Colburn TD, Stabler T, Allen JD, Jones AM, Musch TI, Poole DC. Skeletal Muscle Vascular Control During Exercise: Impact of Nitrite Infusion During Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition in Healthy Rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2015; 21:201-8. [PMID: 26272082 DOI: 10.1177/1074248415599061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-independent pathway of nitric oxide (NO) production in which nitrite (NO2 (-)) is reduced to NO may have therapeutic applications for those with cardiovascular diseases in which the NOS pathway is downregulated. We tested the hypothesis that NO2 (-) infusion would reduce mean arterial pressure (MAP) and increase skeletal muscle blood flow (BF) and vascular conductance (VC) during exercise in the face of NOS blockade via L-NAME. Following infusion of L-NAME (10 mg kg(-1), L-NAME), male Sprague-Dawley rats (3-6 months, n = 8) exercised without N(G)-nitro-L arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and after infusion of sodium NO2 (-) (7 mg kg(-1); L-NAME + NO2 (-)). MAP and hindlimb skeletal muscle BF (radiolabeled microsphere infusions) were measured during submaximal treadmill running (20 m min(-1), 5% grade). Across group comparisons were made with a published control data set (n = 11). Relative to L-NAME, NO2 (-) infusion significantly reduced MAP (P < 0.03). The lower MAP in L-NAME+NO2 (-) was not different from healthy control animals (control: 137 ± 3 L-NAME: 157 ± 7, L-NAME + NO2 (-): 136 ± 5 mm Hg). Also, NO2 (-) infusion significantly increased VC when compared to L-NAME (P < 0.03), ultimately negating any significant differences from control animals (control: 0.78 ± 0.05, L-NAME: 0.57 ± 0.03, L-NAME + NO2 (-); 0.69 ± 0.04 mL min(-1) 100 g(-1) mm Hg(-1)) with no apparent fiber-type preferential effect. Overall, hindlimb BF was decreased significantly by L-NAME; however, in L-NAME + NO2 (-), BF improved to a level not significantly different from healthy controls (control: 108 ± 8, L-NAME: 88 ± 3, L-NAME + NO2 (-): 94 ± 6 mL min(-1) 100 g(-1), P = 0.38 L-NAME vs L-NAME + NO2 (-)). Individuals with diseases that impair NOS activity, and thus vascular function, may benefit from a NO2 (-)-based therapy in which NO bioavailability is elevated in an NOS-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott K Ferguson
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Angela A Glean
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Clark T Holdsworth
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Jennifer L Wright
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Alex J Fees
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Trenton D Colburn
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Thomas Stabler
- Institute of Sport Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jason D Allen
- Institute of Sport Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew M Jones
- Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy I Musch
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - David C Poole
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
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Mose FH, Jensen JM, Therwani S, Mortensen J, Hansen AB, Bech JN, Pedersen EB. Effect of nebivolol on renal nitric oxide availability and tubular function in patients with essential hypertension. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 80:425-35. [PMID: 25778445 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Nebivolol is a selective β1 -receptor antagonist with vasodilating properties. In patients with essential hypertension, we tested the hypothesis that nebivolol increases systemic and renal nitric oxide (NO) availability using L-N(G) -monomethyl arginine (L-NMMA) as an inhibitor of NO production. METHODS In a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study, patients with essential hypertension were treated with nebivolol for five days, along with a standardized diet and fluid intake. We examined the acute effects of systemic NO synthase inhibition with L-NMMA on brachial blood pressure (bBP), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central blood pressure (cBP) estimated by applanation tonometry, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), fractional excretion of sodium (FENa ), urinary excretion of both aquaporin-2 (u-AQP2) and epithelial sodium channels (u-ENaCγ ), and plasma concentrations of nitrate/nitrite (p-NOx ) and vasoactive hormones after five days' treatment with placebo and nebivolol. RESULTS Nebivolol significantly reduced PWV, bBP, cBP and plasma renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone concentrations. The renal parameters, p-NOx and plasma arginine vasopressin concentration were not changed by nebivolol. There was no difference between nebivolol and placebo in the response to L-NMMA, with LMMA inducing a similar increase in PWV, bBP and cBP and a similar decrease in GFR, uAQP2 and u-ENaCγ and FENa [mean change -0.62% (95% confidence interval {CI} -0.40 to -0.84) during placebo vs. -0.57% (95% CI -0.46 to -0.68; P = 0.564) during nebivolol treatment]. Vasoactive hormones were changed to a similar extend by L-NMMA during administration of nebivolol and placebo. CONCLUSIONS Nebivolol did not change p-NOx , and inhibition of NO synthesis induced the same response in blood pressure, GFR, renal tubular function and vasoactive hormones during nebivolol and placebo. Thus, the data did not support the hypothesis that nebivolol changes vascular and renal NO availability in patients with essential hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank H Mose
- University Clinic in Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medical Research and University of Aarhus
| | - Janni M Jensen
- University Clinic in Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medical Research and University of Aarhus
| | - Safa Therwani
- University Clinic in Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medical Research and University of Aarhus
| | | | | | - Jesper N Bech
- University Clinic in Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medical Research and University of Aarhus
| | - Erling B Pedersen
- University Clinic in Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medical Research and University of Aarhus
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Arif S, Borgognone A, Lin ELS, O'Sullivan AG, Sharma V, Drury NE, Menon A, Nightingale P, Mascaro J, Bonser RS, Horowitz JD, Feelisch M, Frenneaux MP, Madhani M. Role of aldehyde dehydrogenase in hypoxic vasodilator effects of nitrite in rats and humans. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3341-52. [PMID: 25754766 PMCID: PMC4500370 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hypoxic conditions favour the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide (NO) to elicit vasodilatation, but the mechanism(s) responsible for bioconversion remains ill defined. In the present study, we assess the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in nitrite bioactivation under normoxia and hypoxia in the rat and human vasculature. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The role of ALDH2 in vascular responses to nitrite was studied using rat thoracic aorta and gluteal subcutaneous fat resistance vessels from patients with heart failure (HF; 16 patients) in vitro and by measurement of changes in forearm blood flow (FBF) during intra-arterial nitrite infusion (21 patients) in vivo. Specifically, we investigated the effects of (i) ALDH2 inhibition by cyanamide or propionaldehyde and the (ii) tolerance-independent inactivation of ALDH2 by glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) on the vasodilator activity of nitrite. In each setting, nitrite effects were measured via evaluation of the concentration-response relationship under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in the absence or presence of ALDH2 inhibitors. KEY RESULTS Both in rat aorta and human resistance vessels, dilatation to nitrite was diminished following ALDH2 inhibition, in particular under hypoxia. In humans there was a non-significant trend towards attenuation of nitrite-mediated increases in FBF. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In human and rat vascular tissue in vitro, hypoxic nitrite-mediated vasodilatation involves ALDH2. In patients with HF in vivo, the role of this enzyme in nitrite bioactivation is at the most, modest, suggesting the involvement of other more important mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayqa Arif
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alessandra Borgognone
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Erica Lai-Sze Lin
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Aine G O'Sullivan
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vishal Sharma
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Nigel E Drury
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ashvini Menon
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter Nightingale
- Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jorge Mascaro
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Robert S Bonser
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - John D Horowitz
- Basil Hetzel Institute, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Melanie Madhani
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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