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Shen Y, Zhang G, Wei C, Zhao P, Wang Y, Li M, Sun L. Potential role and therapeutic implications of glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:613-631. [PMID: 38886929 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with a complex and incompletely understood pathogenesis. Despite extensive research, a cure for Alzheimer's disease has not yet been found. Oxidative stress mediates excessive oxidative responses, and its involvement in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis as a primary or secondary pathological event is widely accepted. As a member of the selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme family, glutathione peroxidase 4 reduces esterified phospholipid hydroperoxides to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. With the discovery of ferroptosis, the central role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in anti-lipid peroxidation in several diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, has received widespread attention. Increasing evidence suggests that glutathione peroxidase 4 expression is inhibited in the Alzheimer's disease brain, resulting in oxidative stress, inflammation, ferroptosis, and apoptosis, which are closely associated with pathological damage in Alzheimer's disease. Several therapeutic approaches, such as small molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological treatments, ameliorate pathological damage and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease by promoting glutathione peroxidase 4 expression and enhancing glutathione peroxidase 4 activity. Therefore, glutathione peroxidase 4 upregulation may be a promising strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This review provides an overview of the gene structure, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of glutathione peroxidase 4, a discussion on the important role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in pathological events closely related to Alzheimer's disease, and a summary of the advances in small-molecule drugs, natural plant products, and non-pharmacological therapies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Most prior studies on this subject used animal models, and relevant clinical studies are lacking. Future clinical trials are required to validate the therapeutic effects of strategies targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Shen
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guimei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chunxiao Wei
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Panpan Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yongchun Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Cognitive Impairment Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Lin LT, Zhang ST, Shang BL, Dai YQ, Cheng XQ, Wu QG, Zhan RT, Liu SJ. The effect and mechanism of patchouli alcohol on cognitive dysfunction in AD mice induced by Aβ 1-42 oligomers through AMPK/mTOR pathway. Brain Res Bull 2024; 215:111030. [PMID: 38996935 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.111030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative brain disorder that progressively impairs long-term and working memory. The function and mechanism of PA(Patchouli alcohol) in improving AD in the external treatment of encephalopathy remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of PA on AD using an Aβ1-42 induced AD mouse model with LPS(Lipopolysaccharide) stimulation of BV2 microglial cells. Additionally, we aimed to explore the potential mechanism of PA in enhancing autophagy and reducing neuroinflammation through the AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase)/mTOR (Mammaliam target of rapamycin) signaling pathway. The Morris water maze was used to assess cognitive function, and cortical and hippocampal tissues were collected for further analysis of the corresponding signaling pathways and inflammatory changes through biological experiments. Our research findings demonstrate that PA has a significant positive impact on cognitive and memory impairments in mice that have been induced with Aβ1-42-induced AD. Additionally, PA was also found to revert the activation of microglia induced by LPS. These effects may be attributed to the reduction of neuroinflammation and enhancement of the AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway. Therefore, PA may serve as an effective therapeutic option to prevent or delay the progression of AD-associated memory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ting Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shu-Ting Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bao-Ling Shang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu-Qiong Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qing Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qing-Guang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ruo-Ting Zhan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China; Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resource from Lingnan, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.
| | - Si-Jun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Jallow AW, Nguyen DPQ, Sanotra MR, Hsu CH, Lin YF, Lin YF. A comprehensive bibliometric analysis of global research on the role of acrolein in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: involvement of amyloid-beta. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1378260. [PMID: 38784445 PMCID: PMC11111988 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1378260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive and behavioral decline. Acrolein, an environmental pollutant and endogenous compound, is implicated in AD development. This research employs bibliometric analysis to assess current trends and key areas concerning acrolein-AD interaction. Methods The Web of Science was used to extensively review literature on acrolein and AD. Relevant data were systematically gathered and analyzed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and an online bibliometric tool. Results We identified 120 English publications in this specialized field across 19 journals. The Journal of Alzheimer's Disease was the most prominent. The primary contributors, both in terms of scientific output and influence, were the USA, the University of Kentucky, and Ramassamy C, representing countries/regions, institutions, and authors, respectively. In this field, the primary focus was on thoroughly studying acrolein, its roles, and its mechanisms in AD utilizing both in vivo and in vitro approaches. A significant portion of the research was based on proteomics, revealing complex molecular processes. The main focuses in the field were "oxidative stress," "lipid peroxidation," "amyloid-beta," and "cognitive impairment." Anticipated future research trajectories focus on the involvement of the internalization pathway, covering key areas such as synaptic dysfunction, metabolism, mechanisms, associations, neuroinflammation, inhibitors, tau phosphorylation, acrolein toxicity, brain infarction, antioxidants, chemistry, drug delivery, and dementia. Our analysis also supported our previous hypothesis that acrolein can interact with amyloid-beta to form a protein adduct leading to AD-like pathology and altering natural immune responses. Conclusion This study provides a broad and all-encompassing view of the topic, offering valuable insights and guidance to fellow researchers. These emerging directions underscore the continuous exploration of the complexities associated with AD. The analyses and findings aim to enhance our understanding of the intricate relationship between acrolein and AD for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadou Wurry Jallow
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Doan Phuong Quy Nguyen
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedicine, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | | | - Chun-Hsien Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Feng Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ge L, Liu J, Kang X, Wang W, Zhang D. Association of serum individual and mixed aldehydes with depressive symptoms in the general population: A machine learning study. J Affect Disord 2024; 345:8-17. [PMID: 37865348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Humans have many opportunities to be exposed to aldehydes which have potential mechanisms for causing depression. We aimed to explore the relationships between serum individual and mixed aldehydes with depressive symptoms in general population. METHODS The data was extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014. Depressive symptoms were assessed by Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Weighted binomial logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model were used to explore the association of six individual aldehyde and mixed aldehydes with depressive symptoms, respectively. Sex stratification analysis and sensitivity analysis were conducted. RESULTS A total of 701 participants were included. We found a positive association between the highest (Q4) versus lowest quartile (Q1) of butyraldehyde with depressive symptoms (OR: 2.86, 95 % CI: 1.22-6.68), and a negative association between the Q3 versus Q1 of benzaldehyde (0.21, 0.07-0.60) and isopentanaldehyde (0.28, 0.08-0.90) with depressive symptoms in multivariate-adjusted model. The mixed aldehydes were positively associated with depressive symptoms using BKMR model, and butyraldehyde and heptanaldehyde were the dominant aldehydes. Several aldehydes, such as butyraldehyde and benzaldehyde, interacted with each other in their effects on depressive symptoms. The results of gender stratification analysis showed that butyraldehyde was the major contributor to the total effect of aldehydes on depressive symptoms in males, while heptanaldehyde was the dominant aldehyde in females. LIMITATIONS Causality cannot be inferred in this cross-sectional study. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that mixed aldehydes can increase the risk of depressive symptoms, of which butyraldehyde and heptanaldehyde were the major contributing aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ge
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiao Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, the School of Public Health of Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Ansari MA, Rao MS, Al-Jarallah A. Insights into early pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer's disease: role of oxidative stress and loss of synaptic proteins. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1273626. [PMID: 38260013 PMCID: PMC10800995 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1273626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, induced by impaired insulin signaling in the brain contributes to cognitive loss in sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). This study evaluated early hippocampal oxidative stress, pre- and post-synaptic proteins in intraperitoneal (IP) and intracerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin (STZ) models of impaired insulin signaling. Adult male Wistar rats were injected with STZ, IP, or ICV, and sacrificed 1-, 3-, or 6-weeks post injection. Rat's cognitive behavior was assessed using Morris water maze (MWM) tests at weeks 3 and 6. Hippocampal synaptosomal fractions were examined for oxidative stress markers and presynaptic [synapsin I, synaptophysin, growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43), synaptosomal-associated protein-25 (SNAP-25)] and postsynaptic [drebrin, synapse-associated protein-97 (SAP-97), postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95)] proteins. IP-STZ and ICV-STZ treatment impaired rat's cognition, decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and increased the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) in a time dependent manner. In addition, it reduced the expression of pre- and post-synaptic proteins in the hippocampus. The decline in cognition is significantly correlated with the reduction in synaptic proteins in the hippocampus. In conclusion, impaired insulin signaling in the brain is deleterious in causing early synaptosomal oxidative damage and synaptic loss that exacerbates with time and correlates with cognitive impairments. Our data implicates oxidative stress and synaptic protein loss as an early feature of sAD and provides insights into early biochemical and behavioral changes during disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubeen A. Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | | | - Aishah Al-Jarallah
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
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Vera R, Hong N, Jiang B, Liang G, Eckenhoff MF, Kincaid HJ, Browne V, Chellaraj V, Gisewhite D, Greenberg M, Ranjan S, Zhu G, Wei H. Effects of Intranasal Dantrolene Nanoparticles on Brain Concentration and Behavior in PS19 Tau Transgenic Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 98:549-562. [PMID: 38393915 PMCID: PMC11178503 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background Repurposing dantrolene to treat Alzheimer's disease has been shown to be effective in amyloid transgenic mouse models but has not been examined in a model of tauopathy. Objective The effects of a nanoparticle intranasal formulation, the Eagle Research Formulation of Ryanodex (ERFR), in young adult and aged wild type and PS19 tau transgenic mice was investigated. Methods The bioavailability of intranasal ERFR was measured in 2 and 9-11-month-old C57BL/6J mice. Blood and brain samples were collected 20 minutes after a single ERFR dose, and the plasma and brain concentrations were analyzed. Baseline behavior was assessed in untreated PS19 tau transgenic mice at 6 and 9 months of age. PS19 mice were treated with intranasal ERFR, with or without acrolein (to potentiate cognitive dysfunction), for 3 months, beginning at 2 months of age. Animal behavior was examined, including cognition (cued and contextual fear conditioning, y-maze), motor function (rotarod), and olfaction (buried food test). Results The dantrolene concentration in the blood and brain decreased with age, with the decrease greater in the blood resulting in a higher brain to blood concentration ratio. The behavioral assays showed no significant changes in cognition, olfaction, or motor function in the PS19 mice compared to controls after chronic treatment with intranasal ERFR, even with acrolein. Conclusions Our studies suggest the intranasal administration of ERFR has higher concentrations in the brain than the blood in aged mice and has no serious systemic side effects with chronic use in PS19 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Vera
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nicholas Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bailin Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maryellen F Eckenhoff
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Halle J Kincaid
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Veron Browne
- Eagle Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sudhir Ranjan
- Eagle Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
| | - Gaozhong Zhu
- Eagle Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
| | - Huafeng Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Lin X, Feng T, Cui E, Li Y, Qin Z, Zhao X. A rat model established by simulating genetic-environmental interactions recapitulates human Alzheimer's disease pathology. Brain Res 2024; 1822:148663. [PMID: 37918702 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In humans, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is typically sporadic in nature, and its pathology is usually influenced by extensive factors. The study established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction. METHODS A rat model was established by transduction of an adeno-associated virus combined with acrolein treatment. Rats were assigned to the normal control (NC), acrolein group, AAV (-) group, AAV-APP group, and AAV-APP/acrolein group. The success of model construction was verified in multiple ways, including by assessing cognitive function, examining microstructural changes in the brain in vivo, and performing immunohistochemistry. The contribution of genetic (APP mutation) and environmental (acrolein) factors to AD-like phenotypes in the model was explored by factorial analysis. RESULTS 1) The AAV-APP/acrolein group showed a decline in cognitive function, as indicated by a reduced gray matter volume in key cognition-related brain areas, lower FA values in the hippocampus and internal olfactory cortex, and Aβ deposition in the cortex and hippocampus. 2) The AAV-APP group also showed a decline in cognitive function, although the group exhibited atypical brain atrophy in the gray matter and insignificant Aβ deposition. 3) The acrolein group did not show any significant changes in Aβ levels, gray matter volume, or cognitive function. 4) The genetic factor (APP mutation) explained 39.74% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model factors, and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) explained 33.3%. CONCLUSIONS The genetic-environmental interaction rat model exhibited a phenotype that resembled the features of human AD and will be useful for research on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Lin
- Department of Imaging, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Tianyuyi Feng
- Department of Imaging, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Erheng Cui
- Department of Imaging, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Department of Imaging, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Zhang Qin
- Department of Imaging, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- Department of Imaging, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China.
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Dhapola R, Kumari S, Sharma P, HariKrishnaReddy D. Insight into the emerging and common experimental in-vivo models of Alzheimer's disease. Lab Anim Res 2023; 39:33. [PMID: 38082453 PMCID: PMC10712122 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-023-00184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial, rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disorder. As the exact cause of the disease is still unclear, the drug development is very challenging. This review encompasses the commonly used AD models involving various chemicals, heavy metals and endogenous substances induced models and the transgenic models. It also provides insight into the reliable emerging models of AD that may overcome the shortcomings associated with available models. Chemicals like streptozotocin, scopolamine, colchicine and okadaic acid render the animal susceptible to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress induced neurodegeneration along with amyloid-β deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation. Similarly, endogenous substances like acrolein and amyloid-β 1-42 are efficient in inducing the major pathologies of AD. Heavy metals like aluminum and fluoride and mixture of these have been reported to induce neurotoxicity therefore are used as animal models for AD. Transgenic models developed as a result of knock-in or knock-out of certain genes associated with AD including PDAPP, APP23, Tg2576, APP/PS1, 3 × Tg and 5 × FAD have also been incorporated in this study. Further, emerging and advanced pathomimetic models of AD are provided particular interest here which will add on to the current knowledge of animal models and may aid in the drug development process and deepen our understanding related to AD pathogenesis. These newly discovered models include oAβ25-35 model, transgenic model expressing 82-kDa ChAT, oDGal mouse and APP knock-in rat. This study may aid in the selection of suitable model for development of novel potent therapeutics and for exploring detailed pathogenic mechanism of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Dhapola
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Sneha Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Prajjwal Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Dibbanti HariKrishnaReddy
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
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Wang S, Jiang X, Peng W, Yang S, Pi R, Zhou S. Acrolein Induces Retinal Abnormalities of Alzheimer's Disease in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13576. [PMID: 37686379 PMCID: PMC10487815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
It is reported that retinal abnormities are related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) in patients and animal models. However, it is unclear whether the retinal abnormities appear in the mouse model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) induced by acrolein. We investigated the alterations of retinal function and structure, the levels of β-amyloid (Aβ) and phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau) in the retina, and the changes in the retinal vascular system in this mouse model. We demonstrated that the levels of Aβ and p-Tau were increased in the retinas of mice from the acrolein groups. Subsequently, a decreased amplitudes of b-waves in the scotopic and photopic electroretinogram (ERG), decreased thicknesses of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in the retina, and slight retinal venous beading were found in the mice induced by acrolein. We propose that sAD mice induced by acrolein showed abnormalities in the retina, which may provide a valuable reference for the study of the retina in sAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xiuying Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Weijia Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuangjian Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute for Vision and Eye Research, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Rongbiao Pi
- School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 528406, China
| | - Shiyou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
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Ansari MA, Al-Jarallah A, Babiker FA. Impaired Insulin Signaling Alters Mediators of Hippocampal Synaptic Dynamics/Plasticity: A Possible Mechanism of Hyperglycemia-Induced Cognitive Impairment. Cells 2023; 12:1728. [PMID: 37443762 PMCID: PMC10340300 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition that affects the elderly and is characterized by progressive and irreversible neurodegeneration in the cerebral cortex [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubeen A. Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait
| | - Aishah Al-Jarallah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait
| | - Fawzi A. Babiker
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 13110, Kuwait
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Sanotra MR, Kao SH, Lee CK, Hsu CH, Huang WC, Chang TC, Tu FY, Hsu IU, Lin YF. Acrolein adducts and responding autoantibodies correlate with metabolic disturbance in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:115. [PMID: 37349844 PMCID: PMC10286356 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01261-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is caused by many intertwining pathologies involving metabolic aberrations. Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) generally show hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, which can lead to the formation of aldehydic adducts such as acrolein on peptides in the brain and blood. However, the pathogenesis from MetS to AD remains elusive. METHODS An AD cell model expressing Swedish and Indiana amyloid precursor protein (APP-Swe/Ind) in neuro-2a cells and a 3xTg-AD mouse model were used. Human serum samples (142 control and 117 AD) and related clinical data were collected. Due to the involvement of MetS in AD, human samples were grouped into healthy control (HC), MetS-like, AD with normal metabolism (AD-N), and AD with metabolic disturbance (AD-M). APP, amyloid-beta (Aß), and acrolein adducts in the samples were analyzed using immunofluorescent microscopy, histochemistry, immunoprecipitation, immunoblotting, and/or ELISA. Synthetic Aß1-16 and Aß17-28 peptides were modified with acrolein in vitro and verified using LC-MS/MS. Native and acrolein-modified Aß peptides were used to measure the levels of specific autoantibodies IgG and IgM in the serum. The correlations and diagnostic power of potential biomarkers were evaluated. RESULTS An increased level of acrolein adducts was detected in the AD model cells. Furthermore, acrolein adducts were observed on APP C-terminal fragments (APP-CTFs) containing Aß in 3xTg-AD mouse serum, brain lysates, and human serum. The level of acrolein adducts was correlated positively with fasting glucose and triglycerides and negatively with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, which correspond with MetS conditions. Among the four groups of human samples, the level of acrolein adducts was largely increased only in AD-M compared to all other groups. Notably, anti-acrolein-Aß autoantibodies, especially IgM, were largely reduced in AD-M compared to the MetS group, suggesting that the specific antibodies against acrolein adducts may be depleted during pathogenesis from MetS to AD. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic disturbance may induce acrolein adduction, however, neutralized by responding autoantibodies. AD may be developed from MetS when these autoantibodies are depleted. Acrolein adducts and the responding autoantibodies may be potential biomarkers for not only diagnosis but also immunotherapy of AD, especially in complication with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Renuka Sanotra
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Huei Kao
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Kuo Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, 231, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, 242, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Tsuei-Chuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Tu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - I-Uen Hsu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Yung-Feng Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Bernardes CP, Santos NAG, Costa TR, Menaldo DL, Sisti FM, Amstalden MK, Ribeiro DL, Antunes LMG, Sampaio SV, Santos AC. Effects of C-Terminal-Ethyl-Esterification in a Snake-Venom-Based Peptide Against the Neurotoxicity of Acrolein in PC12 Cells. Int J Pept Res Ther 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-023-10517-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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13
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Yao S, Li W, Liu S, Cai Y, Zhang Q, Tang L, Yu S, Jing Y, Yin X, Cheng H. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 polymorphism is associated with chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment in patients with breast cancer who receive chemotherapy. Cancer Med 2023; 12:5209-5221. [PMID: 36200595 PMCID: PMC10028021 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a common but easily overlooked condition that markedly affects the quality of life (QOL) of patients with breast cancer. The rs671 is a common gene polymorphism of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in Asia that is involved in aldehyde metabolism and may be closely related to CRCI. However, no study has yet summarised the association between ALDH2 and CRCI. METHODS This study enrolled one hundred and twenty-four patients diagnosed with breast cancer according to the pathology results, genotyped for ALDH2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) to explore these. The mini-mental state exam (MMSE), verbal fluency test (VFT), and digit span test (DST) results were compared in these patients before and after chemotherapy (CT). RESULTS We found that patients with ALDH2 gene genotypes of rs671_GG, rs886205_GG, rs4648328_CC, and rs4767944_TT polymorphisms were more likely to suffer from cognitive impairment during chemotherapy. A trend toward statistical significance was observed for rs671_GG of DST (z = 2.769, p = 0.006), VFT (t = 4.624, P<0.001); rs886205_GG of DST (z = 3.663, P<0.001); rs4648328_CC of DST (z = 2.850, p = 0.004), VFT (t = 3.477, p = 0.001); and rs4767944_TT of DST (z = 2.967, p = 0.003), VFT (t = 2.776, p = 0.008). The cognitive indicators of these patients significantly decreased after chemotherapy (p < 0.05). The difference in ALDH2 rs671 was most obvious. CONCLUSION Our results showed what kinds of ALDH2 genotyped patients that are more likely to develop CRCI. In the future, it may be possible to infer the risk of CRCI by detecting the single-nucleotide locus of ALDH2 that is conducive to strengthening clinical interventions for these patients and improving their QOL. More importantly, this study has important implications for Asian women with breast cancer as ALDH2 rs671 is a common polymorphism in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbang Yao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shaochun Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yinlian Cai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lingxue Tang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Sheng Yu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanyan Jing
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiangxiang Yin
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huaidong Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Cancer and Cognition Laboratory, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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14
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Zhu Z, Lu J, Wang S, Peng W, Yang Y, Chen C, Zhou X, Yang X, Xin W, Chen X, Pi J, Yin W, Yao L, Pi R. Acrolein, an endogenous aldehyde induces synaptic dysfunction in vitro and in vivo: Involvement of RhoA/ROCK2 pathway. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13587. [PMID: 35315217 PMCID: PMC9009232 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Acrolein, an unsaturated aldehyde, is increased in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and identified as a potential inducer of sporadic AD. Synaptic dysfunction, as a typical pathological change occurring in the early stage of AD, is most closely associated with the severity of dementia. However, there remains a lack of clarity on the mechanisms of acrolein inducing AD-like pathology and synaptic impairment. In this study, acrolein-treated primary cultured neurons and mice were applied to investigate the effects of acrolein on cognitive impairment and synaptic dysfunction and their signaling mechanisms. In vitro, ROCK inhibitors, Fasudil, and Y27632, could attenuate the axon ruptures and synaptic impairment caused by acrolein. Meanwhile, RNA-seq distinct differentially expressed genes in acrolein models and initially linked activated RhoA/Rho-kinase2 (ROCK2) to acrolein-induced synaptic dysfunction, which could regulate neuronal cytoskeleton and neurite. The Morris water maze test and in vivo field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) were performed to evaluate spatial memory and long-term potential (LTP), respectively. Acrolein induced cognitive impairment and attenuated LTP. Furthermore, the protein level of Synapsin 1 and postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95) and dendritic spines density were also decreased in acrolein-exposed mice. These changes were improved by ROCK2 inhibitor Fasudil or in ROCK2+/- mice. Together, our findings suggest that RhoA/ROCK2 signaling pathway plays a critical role in acrolein-induced synaptic damage and cognitive dysfunction, suggesting inhibition of ROCK2 should benefit to the early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhu
- School of Medicine Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Junfeng Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
- Department of Internal Medicine The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- School of Medicine Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Weijia Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Medicine Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Wenjun Xin
- Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences South China Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou China
| | - Jiakai Pi
- Guangzhou Foreign Language School Guangzhou China
| | - Wei Yin
- Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Lin Yao
- Research Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan China
| | - Rongbiao Pi
- School of Medicine Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China
- International Joint Laboratory<SYSU‐PolyU HK> of Novel Anti‐Dementia Drugs of Guangzhou Guangzhou China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
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