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Siroux J, Pereira B, Fillon A, Moore H, Dionnet C, Julian V, Finlayson GS, Duclos M, Boirie Y, Isacco L, Thivel D. Higher energy flux may improve short-term appetite control in adolescents with obesity: the NEXT study. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:359-368. [PMID: 37587692 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests better appetite control in states of high-energy flux (HEF) in adults and lean children. Nevertheless, it is unknown whether this extends to youth with obesity. This study compares the effects of low, moderate or HEF on short-term appetitive control in adolescents with obesity. Sixteen adolescents with obesity (12-16 years, Tanner stages 3-5, 11 females) randomly completed three conditions: (i) low-energy flux (LEF); (ii) moderate energy flux (MEF; + 250 kcal) and (iii) HEF (HEF; + 500 kcal). Energy flux was achieved in MEF and HEF through elevated energy intake (EI) and concomitant increase in energy expenditure using cycling exercise (65 % VO2peak). Ad libitum EI, macronutrient intake and relative EI were assessed at dinner, subjective appetite sensations taken at regular intervals and food reward measured before dinner. Ad libitum EI at dinner was greater in LEF compared with HEF (P = 0·008), and relative EI (REI) was higher in LEF compared with MEF (P = 0·003) and HEF (P < 0·001). The absolute consumption of carbohydrates was lower in LEF compared with MEF (P = 0·047) and HEF (P < 0·001). Total AUC for hunger and desire to eat was lower in HEF compared with LEF (P < 0·001) and MEF (P = 0·038). Total AUC for prospective food consumption was lower on HEF compared with LEF (P = 0·004). Food choice sweet bias was higher in HEF (P = 0·005) compared with LEF. To conclude, increasing energy flux may improve short-term appetite control in adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Siroux
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand63000, France
- International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont Auvergne University Foundation, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Unit of Biostatistics (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alicia Fillon
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand63000, France
- International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont Auvergne University Foundation, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Observatoire National de l'Activité Physique et de la Sédentarité (ONAPS), Faculty of Medicine, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Halim Moore
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand63000, France
| | - Céline Dionnet
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand63000, France
| | - Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Graham S Finlayson
- Appetite Control & Energy Balance Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Martine Duclos
- International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont Auvergne University Foundation, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- Department of Human Nutrition, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurie Isacco
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand63000, France
- International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont Auvergne University Foundation, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand63000, France
- International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont Auvergne University Foundation, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Chien KY, Chen YJ, Hsu KJ, Chen CN. High-protein diet with immediate post-exercise protein drink: Impact on appetite in middle-aged obesity. Physiol Behav 2024; 273:114404. [PMID: 37935299 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Successful management of obesity can be challenging if individuals constantly experience cravings. The present study investigated the effects of a high-protein diet, including a high-protein drink consumed immediately after high-intensity interval training (HIIT), on appetite and weight loss in obese middle-aged individuals. A total of 52 obese middle-aged individuals (58.2 ± 4.11 years old) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: the exercise group (E, n=19), exercise and high-protein diet group (ED, n=21), and a control group (n=12). The E and ED groups engaged in cycling HIIT (comprising 90 % of peak heart rate (HRpeak) for 3 min, followed by 70 % of HRpeak for 3 min, for a total of 5 cycles) three times a week for 3 months. The ED group consumed a high-protein drink immediately after HIIT and had a daily protein intake of 1.6g/kg. Body composition and eating behavior were assessed before and after the intervention. Additionally, appetite levels were measured before and after each exercise session, before dinner, and before bedtime during three phases of the intervention: the first phase (weeks 3-4), the second phase (weeks 5-8), and the third phase (weeks 9-12). Results showed that only the ED group experienced a decrease in body mass index (from 27.4 ± 4.28 to 26.8 ± 4.09 kg/m2, p=0.04). Appetite significantly increased after exercise in both E and ED groups (p values for the three phases ranged from 0.04 to 0.001 for the E group and from 0.042 to 0.003 for the ED group). The desire to eat significantly increased after exercise in the E group (phase 1: p = 0.026; phase 2: p = 0.011; phase 3: p = 0.003), but not in the ED group. Furthermore, the frequency of late-night snacking decreased in the ED group (the score changed from 2.4 ± 0.86 to 2.7 ± 0.80, p = 0.034). Notably, the E group tended to have a higher pre-dinner appetite score than the ED group in the third phase (p = 0.063). In summary, a high daily protein intake, combined with the consumption of high-protein drinks after exercise, resulted in reduced post-exercise appetite and a decrease in the frequency of late-night snacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuei-Yu Chien
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ju Chen
- Graduate Institute of Sports Science, National Taiwan Sport University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Jen Hsu
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Nan Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Xie C, Alderman BL, Meng F, Chen YC, Chang YK, Wang K. Acute high-intensity interval exercise improves food-related cognition in young adults with obesity: An ERP study. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2024; 24:100430. [PMID: 38155877 PMCID: PMC10753058 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cognitive function, particularly food-related cognition, is critical for maintaining a healthy weight and preventing the acceleration of obesity. High-Intensity Interval Exercise (HIIE) is an increasingly popular form of exercise and has been shown to improve physical fitness and cognitive function. However, there is limited research on the effects and underlying mechanisms of HIIE on general and food-related cognition among adults with obesity. The aim of the current study was to examine the influence of a single bout of HIIE on food-related cognition among young adults with obesity. Methods Fifteen young men with obesity (BMI = 33.88 ± 4.22, age = 24.60 ± 5.29 years) were recruited. Participants took part in a HIIE condition consisting of 30 minutes of stationary cycle exercise (5-min warm-up, 20-min HIIE and 5-min cool down), and a control session consisting of a time and attention-matched period of sedentary rest in a counterbalanced order. Behavioral (reaction time and accuracy) and event-related potential measures (P3 and the late positive potential, LPP) elicited during a food-related Flanker task were measured after the HIIE and control session. Results Shorter response times were observed following HIIE, regardless of congruency or picture type, with no change in accuracy. Increased P3 and LPP amplitudes were observed following HIIE relative to the control session. Conclusion The findings suggest a single bout of HIIE has a beneficial effect on general and food-related cognition among young adults with obesity, with increased recruitment of cognitive resources to support cognitive control. Future research is warranted to examine the dose-response relationship between acute bouts or longer participation in HIIE on food-related cognition in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Xie
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Brandon L. Alderman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Center of Alcohol and Substance Use Studies, Rutgers University – New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Fanying Meng
- Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Ying-Chu Chen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Chang
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Social Emotional Education and Development Center, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Miguet M, Pereira B, Beaulieu K, Finlayson G, Matłosz P, Cardenoux C, Boirie Y, Duclos M, Thivel D, Metz L. Effects of aquatic exercise on appetitive responses in adolescents with obesity: An exploratory study. Appetite 2023; 185:106540. [PMID: 36933834 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic exercise has been suggested as a beneficial modality to improve weight loss, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life in adolescents with obesity; however, its impact on appetite control in youth remains unknown. The aim of this preliminary study was to examine the effect of an acute aquatic exercise session on energy intake (EI), appetite feelings and food reward in adolescents with obesity. Twelve adolescents with obesity (12-16 years, Tanner stage 3-5, 9 males) randomly completed two conditions: i) control (CON); ii) aquatic exercise session (AQUA). One hour before lunch, the adolescents stayed at rest outside the water in a quiet room for 45 min on CON while they performed a 45-min aquatic exercise session on AQUA. Ad libitum EI and macronutrients were assessed at lunch and dinner, subjective appetite feelings taken at regular intervals, and food reward measured before and after lunch. Paired T-test showed that EI was not different between CON and AQUA at lunch (1333 ± 484 kcal vs 1409 ± 593 kcal; p = 0.162) and dinner (528 ± 218 kcal vs 513 ± 204 kcal; p = 0.206). Total daily ad libitum EI was significantly higher on AQUA (1922 ± 649 kcal) compared with CON (1861 ± 685 kcal; p = 0.044) but accounting for the exercise-induced energy expenditure, relative energy intake did not differ (2263 ± 732 kcal vs 2117 ± 744 kcal, p = 0.304). None of the appetite feelings (hunger, fullness, prospective food consumption and desire to eat) and food reward dimensions were significantly different between conditions. These preliminary and exploratory results suggest that an acute aquatic-exercise session might not induce energy compensatory responses in adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Miguet
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - B Pereira
- Unit of Biostatistics (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - K Beaulieu
- Appetite Control & Energy Balance Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - G Finlayson
- Appetite Control & Energy Balance Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - P Matłosz
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - C Cardenoux
- Youth Medical Center, Romagnat, 63540, France
| | - Y Boirie
- Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Human Nutrition, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M Duclos
- Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Human Nutrition, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - D Thivel
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - L Metz
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Fillon A, Pélissier L, Beaulieu K, Charlot K, Siroux J, Bagot S, Bailly M, Boscaro A, Finlayson G, Boirie Y, Duclos M, Isacco L, Pereira B, Julian V, Thivel D. Dietary- but not exercise-induced acute iso-energetic deficit result in short-term appetitive compensatory responses in adolescents with obesity. Appetite 2023; 181:106401. [PMID: 36473580 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Producing negative energy balance rests on the creation of energy deficits that have been shown, depending on their modality, to induce potential appetitive compensatory responses. The aim of this study was to compare energy intake (EI), appetite feelings, and the hedonic responses to equivalent acute energy deficits induced by exercise versus energy restriction in adolescents with obesity. METHODS In a within-participants design, seventeen adolescents with obesity (12-16 years, Tanner stage 3-5, 9 males) randomly completed three conditions: i) control (CON); ii) deficit induced by diet only (Def-EI); and iii) deficit induced by exercise only (Def-EX). Lunch was calibrated to generate a 400-kcal deficit in Def-EI and remained similar in CON and Def-EX. A 400-kcal deficit was created through a cycling bout set at 65% VO2peak in Def-EX. Ad libitum EI, macronutrient intake and relative EI (REI) were assessed at dinner, subjective appetite sensations taken at regular intervals, and food reward measured before dinner. RESULTS Food intake at dinner was greater in Def-EI (1112 ± 265 kcal) compared to CON (983 ± 277 kcal; p = 0.005) and Def-EX (1009 ± 281 kcal; p = 0.025). Absolute protein and lipid intake were significantly higher in Def-EI (52.4 ± 9.5 g and 36.8 ± 8.9 g respectively) compared with both CON (44.9 ± 12.6 g; p = 0.001 and 33.8 ± 10.1 g; p = 0.002 respectively) and Def-EX (47.3 ± 11.8 g, p = 0.018, 35.4 ± 10.1 g, p = 0.036 respectively). Area under the curve (AUC) for hunger, desire to eat and prospective food consumption were significantly higher in Def-EI compared with both CON (p = 0.0001) and Def-EX (p = 0.0001). AUC for fullness was significantly lower on Def-EI compared with CON and Def-EX (p = 0.0001). Implicit wanting for sweet food was significantly lower on Def-EX (p = 0.031), relative to CON. CONCLUSION Appetitive compensatory responses that are observed after iso-caloric energy restriction in adolescents with obesity are absent with acute exercise, which could contribute to optimize our impact on short-term energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Fillon
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Observatoire National de l'Activité Physique et de la Sédentarité (ONAPS), Faculty of Medicine, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Léna Pélissier
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Kristine Beaulieu
- Appetite Control & Energy Balance Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK.
| | - Keyne Charlot
- Unité de Physiologie de l'Exercice et des Activités en Conditions Extrêmes, Département Environnements Opérationnels, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Bretigny-Sur-Orge, France; LBEPS, Univ Evry, IRBA, Université Paris Saclay, Evry, France.
| | - Julie Siroux
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Sarah Bagot
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Mélina Bailly
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Audrey Boscaro
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Graham Finlayson
- Appetite Control & Energy Balance Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK.
| | - Yves Boirie
- Department of Human Nutrition, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont Auvergne University Foundation, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Laurie Isacco
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Unit of Biostatistics (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - David Thivel
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; International Research Chair Health in Motion, Clermont Auvergne University Foundation, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Bauer N, Sperlich B, Holmberg HC, Engel FA. Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training in School on the Physical Performance and Health of Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Sports Med Open 2022; 8:50. [PMID: 35403996 PMCID: PMC9001771 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Performance of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) by children and adolescents improves physical and health-related fitness, as well as cardiometabolic risk factors.
Objectives To assess the impact of HIIT performed at school, i.e. both in connection with physical education (intra-PE) and extracurricular sports activities (extra-PE), on the physical fitness and health of children and adolescents.
Methods PubMed and SPORTDiscus were searched systematically utilizing the following criteria for inclusion: (1) healthy children and adolescents (5–18 years old) of normal weight; (2) HIIT performed intra- and/or extra-PE for at least 5 days at an intensity ≥ 80% of maximal heart rate (HRmax) or peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) or as Functional HIIT; (3) comparison with a control (HIIT versus alternative interventions); and (4) pre- and post-analysis of parameters related to physical fitness and health. The outcomes with HIIT and the control interventions were compared utilizing Hedges’ g effect size (ES) and associated 95% confidence intervals. Results Eleven studies involving 707 participants who performed intra-PE and 388 participants extra-PE HIIT were included. In comparison with the control interventions, intra-PE HIIT improved mean ES for neuromuscular and anaerobic performance (ES jump performance: 5.89 ± 5.67 (range 1.88–9.90); ES number of push-ups: 6.22 (range n.a.); ES number of sit-ups: 2.66 ± 2.02 (range 1.24–4.09)), as well as ES fasting glucose levels (− 2.68 (range n.a.)) more effectively, with large effect sizes. Extra-PE HIIT improved mean ES for neuromuscular and anaerobic performance (ES jump performance: 1.81 (range n.a.); ES number of sit-ups: 2.60 (range n.a.)) to an even greater extent, again with large effect sizes. Neither form of HIIT was more beneficial for parameters related to cardiorespiratory fitness than the control interventions. Conclusion Compared to other forms of exercise (e.g. low-to-moderate-intensity running or walking), both intra- and extra-PE HIIT result in greater improvements in neuromuscular and anaerobic performance, as well as in fasting levels of glucose in school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Bauer
- Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Working Group Exercise Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Billy Sperlich
- Chair of Integrative and Experimental Exercise Science and Training, Institute of Sport Science, Julius-Maximilians-Universität of Würzburg, Judenbühlweg 11, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Christer Holmberg
- Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedicum C5, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Florian A Engel
- Chair of Integrative and Experimental Exercise Science and Training, Institute of Sport Science, Julius-Maximilians-Universität of Würzburg, Judenbühlweg 11, 97082, Würzburg, Germany.
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Nasser JA, Albajri E, Lanza L, Gilman A, Altayyar M, Thomopoulos D, Bruneau M. Interaction of Protein Preloads and Physical Activity on Intake of an Ultra-Processed, High Sugar/High Fat Food/Low Protein Food. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040884. [PMID: 35215530 PMCID: PMC8874527 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
“Loss of control, LOC” eating is a major contributor to the development of obesity. Dietary protein is known to promote satiety, but little attention has been paid to the ability of protein, consumed in close proximity to snacking (20 min), to reduce the intake of ultra-processed, low-protein snack foods. We hypothesized that a high-protein preload (HP, 8 g of protein) consumed in close proximity to eating an ultra-processed snack food would reduce intake of the snack food as compared to a low-protein preload (LP, 1.2 g of protein). Two laboratory test meals were conducted, and the intake of ice cream (1.99 kcal/gram) after consuming dairy-based liquid preloads was measured. Habitual physical activity, a potential modulator of satiety, was assessed by a self-reporting questionnaire. Thirty (responders) out of 50 participants reduced their intake of ice cream after the HP preload, with a significant difference in intake observed between the responders and non-responders (−30 ± 25 and 18 ± 18 g, F (1, 49) = 54.36, p < 0.001 for responders and non-responders, respectively). Our data demonstrate that protein consumed in close proximity to ultra-processed snack food can reduce caloric intake by ~60 kcal, which could potentially reduce body weight by at least 5 pounds per year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Nasser
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (L.L.); (A.G.); (M.A.); (D.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +267-359-5834; Fax: +267-359-5843
| | - Eram Albajri
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Lisa Lanza
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (L.L.); (A.G.); (M.A.); (D.T.)
| | - Abigail Gilman
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (L.L.); (A.G.); (M.A.); (D.T.)
| | - Mansour Altayyar
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (L.L.); (A.G.); (M.A.); (D.T.)
| | - Dimitra Thomopoulos
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA; (L.L.); (A.G.); (M.A.); (D.T.)
| | - Michael Bruneau
- Department of Health Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA;
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Pélissier L, Julian V, Beaulieu K, Siroux J, Boscaro A, Fillon A, Finlayson G, Duclos M, Boirie Y, Pereira B, Isacco L, Thivel D. Effect of acute dietary- versus combined dietary and exercise-induced energy deficits on subsequent energy intake, appetite and food reward in adolescents with obesity. Physiol Behav 2022; 244:113650. [PMID: 34798127 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute dietary-induced energy deficits have been shown to favor compensatory appetitive responses. The aim of this study was to compare energy intake (EI), appetite sensations and the hedonic responses to equivalent energy deficits induced by dietary restriction alone and combined with exercise in adolescents with obesity. METHODS In a within-subjects design, seventeen adolescents with obesity (12-16 years, Tanner stage 3-5, 6 males) randomly completed three 14 h conditions: (i) control (CON); (ii) deficit induced by diet only (Def-EI) and; (iii) deficit induced by combined diet and physical exercise (Def-mixed). Breakfast and lunch were calibrated to generate a 500 kcal deficit in Def-EI and 250 kcal deficit in Def-mixed. A 250 kcal deficit was created through a cycling exercise set at 65% VO2peak in Def-mixed. Ad libitum EI, macronutrients and relative EI (REI) were assessed at dinner, subjective appetite sensations taken at regular intervals, and food reward measured before dinner. RESULTS EI at dinner was significantly lower in Def-EI compared to CON (p = 0.014; Effect size (ES): -0.59 [-1.07; -0.12]), with no difference between Def-mixed and both CON and Def-EI. Total REI was lower in both deficit conditions compared with CON (Def-mixed: p < 0.001; ES: -3.80 [-4.27; -3.32], Def-EI: p < 0.001; ES: -4.90 [-5.37; -4.42] respectively), indicating incomplete compensation for the energy deficits. Absolute protein ingestion at dinner was lower in Def-EI than Def-mixed (p = 0.037; ES: -0.50 [-0.98; -0.03]) and absolute lipid ingestion was lower in Def-EI than in CON (p = 0.033; ES: -0.51 [-0.99; -0.04]). A higher proportion of protein and a lower proportion of carbohydrates was observed in Def-mixed than in Def-EI (p = 0.078; ES: -0.42 [-0.90; 0.04] and p = 0.067; ES: 0.44 [-0.03; 0.92] respectively). Total area under the curve for appetite sensations were similar between conditions. Explicit liking for sweet relative to savoury food was lower in Def-mixed compared to CON (p = 0.027; ES: -0.53 [-1.01; -0.06]) with no difference in food reward between Def-EI and CON. CONCLUSION Neither of the two acute isoenergetic deficits led to subsequent appetitive compensation, with the dietary deficit even inducing a lower ad libitum EI at the subsequent dinner. Further studies are needed to better understand the appetitive response to dietary and exercise energy balance manipulations in this population.
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Metz L, Isacco L, Miguet M, Genin P, Thivel D, Duclos M. Comparing the Effects of Immersed Versus Land-Based High-Intensity Interval Cycling on Energy Intake, Appetite Sensations and Perceived Exertion Among Healthy Men. Percept Mot Skills 2021; 128:1569-1585. [PMID: 33827349 DOI: 10.1177/00315125211007345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Immersed exercise has been shown to induce higher energy expenditure and no difference or increase in food intake compared with similar exercise on land. In this study, we compared the effects of acute high-intensity cycling performed on land versus when immersed on subsequent energy intake (EI), appetite sensations and perceived exertion (RPE) in healthy men. Ten participants in a postprandial condition completed three experimental visits in a randomized order: a control condition (CONT); a high-intensity interval cycling exercise performed on land (HIIE-L) and the same exercise while immersed in water (HIIE-A) with a similar targeted heart rate. We observed no difference in energy and macronutrient intake and in area under the curve (AUC) for appetite sensations between sessions. The RPE at the end of HIIE-L was negatively correlated with EI (r=-0.67; p < 0.05), AUC for hunger (r=-0.86, p < 0.01), desire to eat (r=-0.78, p < 0.05) and prospective food consumption (r=-0.86, p < 0.01). Conversely, the RPE at the end of HIIE-L was positively correlated with AUC for fullness (r = 0.76, p < 0.05). No such correlations were observed for HIIE-A. The present study was the first to observe that immersion did not influence EI after HIIE cycling, but immersion blunted the relationship between session RPE and subsequent energy intake and appetite sensations relative to HIIE on land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Metz
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurie Isacco
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Maud Miguet
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pauline Genin
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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10
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Metz L, Isacco L, Beaulieu K, Fearnbach SN, Pereira B, Thivel D, Duclos M. Cold-Water Effects on Energy Balance in Healthy Women During Aqua-Cycling. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2021; 31:236-43. [PMID: 33588379 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the popularity of aquatic physical activities continues to grow among women, the effects on energy expenditure (EE) and appetite control remain unknown. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of water temperature during aqua-cycling session on EE, rate of perceived exertion, energy intake, appetite sensations, and food reward in healthy premenopausal women. METHODS Participants completed three experimental sessions, in the postprandial condition, in a randomized order: a land control session (CON), an aqua-cycling session in 18 °C (EXO18), and an aqua-cycling session in 27 °C (EXO27). The EE, food intake, appetite sensations, and food reward were investigated for each condition. RESULTS EXO18 induced a significant increase in EE (p < .001) and oxygen consumption (p < .01) compared with EXO27. The carbohydrate oxidation was higher in EXO18 session compared with EXO27 and CON (p < .05 and p < .001, respectively). While fat oxidation was higher in exercise sessions compared with CONT (p < .01), no difference was observed between EXO18 and EXO27. Exercise sessions did not alter absolute energy intake session but induced a decrease in relative energy intake (p < .001) and in hunger, desire to eat, and prospective food consumption compared with CON (p < .001). The authors also show here that cold-water exposure can increase EE while rate of perceived exertion is lower at the end of exercise session compared with same exercise at 27 °C (p < .05). CONCLUSION An exposure to a moderately cold-water during aqua-cycling is an efficient strategy to promote increased EE and decreased hunger, which may be effective for energy balance management in healthy premenopausal women.
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11
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Khammassi M, Isacco L, Pereira B, Damaso AR, Matlosz P, Maruszczak K, Weghuber D, Dutheil F, Duclos M, Boirie Y, Julian V, Thivel D. Cardiometabolic efficacy of multidisciplinary weight loss interventions is not altered in adolescents with obesity initially diagnosed or with a persistent metabolic syndrome. Nutr Res 2021; 86:79-87. [PMID: 33551258 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of weight loss interventions might be affected by the metabolic profile of adolescents with obesity. In this study, we hypothesized that the initial diagnosis of the MS, or its persistence after an intervention, will not reduce the efficacy of a 16-week multidisciplinary weight loss program. Ninety two adolescents (12-15 years; 62 girls) with obesity completed baseline anthropometric and body composition evaluation (DXA). Lipid profile, insulinemia, glycaemia and blood pressure were measured and metabolic syndrome (MS) diagnosed. The adolescents then followed a 4-month inpatient multidisciplinary weight-management program. All measurements were performed before (T0) and after 4 months of intervention (T1). Body weight, body mass index (BMI) and percentage of fat mass (%FM) decreased significantly between T0 and T1 (P< .001), with no difference in fat-free mass (kg). All metabolic variables (except blood pressure) were improved. 47.6% of the whole sample presented with MS at baseline against 35.7% at T1. Body weight (P = 0.006), BMI (P = 0.0261), %FM (P = 0.0211), hip circumference (= 0.0131), BMI percentile (P = 0.0319), and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.0365) showed a time x group interaction and their deltas (variations between T0 and T1) were significantly different between adolescents with and without MS at baseline. There was no significant difference between adolescents with persistent and nonpersistent MS except for ΔBMI percentile that deceased significantly more in the nonpersistent group (P = 0.0115). According to our results, the efficacy of weight loss interventions is not reduced in adolescents initially diagnosed with MS or different between those who present a persistent or nonpersistent MS after the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Khammassi
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France; Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia, Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Laurie Isacco
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Ana Raimunda Damaso
- Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu, 862-Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04020-050, Brazil.
| | - Piotr Matlosz
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Katharina Maruszczak
- Department of Pediatrics, Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria..
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Obesity Research Unit, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria..
| | - Frederic Dutheil
- Departement de Médecine du travail, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, France; University Clermont 1, UFR Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Martine Duclos
- University Clermont 1, UFR Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Yves Boirie
- University Clermont 1, UFR Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Human Nutrition, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Valérie Julian
- University Clermont 1, UFR Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - David Thivel
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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12
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Hopkins M, Beaulieu K, Finlayson G. Psychobiology of Appetite and Food Reward in Adults with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Is there a Role for Exercise? Can J Diabetes 2020; 44:768-74. [PMID: 33279099 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia is the defining feature of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and results from deficient insulin production, impaired insulin-stimulated glucose uptake or both. It is now well established that hyperglycemia results in profound metabolic complications, but the effect of diabetes and its associated metabolic effects on homeostatic and hedonic appetite control has received less attention. Inappropriate food choices and excess food intake might promote weight gain, further exacerbating the metabolic consequences of T1D and T2D. The need to control blood glucose through diet, physical activity and/or medication as a consequence of impaired insulin secretion and/or sensitivity adds a further level of physiological and behavioural complexity to the processes underlying food choice and appetite control. Alterations in appetite-related processes have been noted in people with T2D, but the effect of T1D on appetite is largely unexplored. Peripheral neuroendocrine signalling appears disrupted in people with T2D, and brain regions involved in the central modulation of appetite might display central insulin resistance. However, it is difficult to isolate the consequences of T2D from those of obesity. Health-care policy advocates the use of physical activity as a means of preventing and treating T2D via the promotion of weight loss and its independent influence on insulin sensitivity. Exercise-induced perturbations to energy balance can elicit biological and behavioural compensation that attenuates weight loss, and diabetes pathophysiology might alter the strength of such compensation. However, the effect of exercise on appetite in people living with diabetes has yet to be fully explored.
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13
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Fillon A, Beaulieu K, Miguet M, Bailly M, Finlayson G, Julian V, Masurier J, Pereira B, Duclos M, Boirie Y, Thivel D. Delayed meal timing after exercise is associated with reduced appetite and energy intake in adolescents with obesity. Pediatr Obes 2020; 15:e12651. [PMID: 32372568 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the beneficial effects of exercise on appetite might depend on its timing during the day or relative to a meal, this remains poorly explored in youth. OBJECTIVES To examine the importance of meal timing (+30 vs +90 minutes) after performing exercise on energy intake, appetite and food reward in adolescents with obesity. METHODS Eighteen adolescents with obesity randomly completed three conditions: (a) lunch (12:00 pm) set 30 minutes after a rest session (11:00 am); (b) lunch (12:00 pm) set 30 minutes after an exercise session (11:00 am)(MEAL-30); (c) lunch (01:00 pm) set 90 minutes after an exercise session (11:00 am)(MEAL-90). Lunch and dinner ad libitum energy intake was assessed, food reward (LFPQ) assessed before and after lunch, and before dinner, appetite sensations were assessed at regular intervals. RESULTS Energy intake was lower at MEAL-90 than MEAL-30 and CON at lunch (P < .05 and P < .01, respectively) and lunch + dinner combined (P < .001). A decrease in intake (g) of protein, fat and carbohydrate was observed. Post-exercise hunger was lower on MEAL-90 compared with CON. No condition effects were found at lunch for food reward. CONCLUSIONS Delaying the timing of the meal after exercise might help affect energy balance by decreasing ad libitum energy intake without increasing hunger and by improving satiety in adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Fillon
- AME2P, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,UGECAM Nutrition Obesity Ambulatory Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Maud Miguet
- AME2P, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mélina Bailly
- AME2P, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | - Julie Masurier
- UGECAM Nutrition Obesity Ambulatory Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- AME2P, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- AME2P, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- AME2P, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Leeds, UK
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14
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Kucab M, Bellissimo N, Prusky C, Brett NR, Totosy de Zepetnek JO. Effects of a high-intensity interval training session and chocolate milk on appetite and cognitive performance in youth aged 9-13 years. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 75:172-9. [PMID: 32814852 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-020-00718-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES To investigate the separate and combined effects of a single session of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and chocolate milk on appetite and cognitive performance in youth aged 9-13 years. Blood glucose, salivary cortisol, and subjective emotions were measured to evaluate potential underlying mechanisms contributing to changes in appetite and cognitive performance. SUBJECTS/METHODS Using a 2 × 2 repeated measures design, 20 youth (n = 12 girls and n = 8 boys; age = 11.4 ± 0.3 years) performed HIIT on a cycle ergometer (7 × 60 s bouts, interspersed by 60 s active recovery) or sitting, followed by consumption of 163 kcal chocolate milk or water. Capillary blood glucose, salivary cortisol, cognitive performance, and subjective appetite and emotions were assessed at baseline and at several time points post-treatment. RESULTS Subjective appetite decreased from baseline following chocolate milk consumption compared water (p = 0.04), and increased from baseline after HIIT compared to sitting (p = 0.01). Participants recalled more words during a short-term memory task and had faster reaction times during an attention task following HIIT compared to sitting (Δ = 1.1 ± 0.02 words, p = 0.03; and Δ = 117.9 ± 23.1 ms, p = 0.01, respectively). Blood glucose increased from baseline following chocolate milk consumption compared to water (at 10 min: Δ = 1.0 ± 0.33 vs. Δ = 0.29 ± 0.060 mmol/L; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings that HIIT may have a positive effect on aspects of cognitive performance suggest that youth should engage in HIIT-like exercise during recesses and lunch at school to attenuate declines in cognitive performance throughout the day. Registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03305107).
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15
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Terra CM, Botero JP, Antunes J, Haddock B, Malik N, Thivel D, Prado WL. Obesity does not modulate men's eating behavior after a high intensity interval exercise session: an exercise trial. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 61:280-286. [PMID: 32720782 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the impact of obesity on responses to high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on hunger and energy intake (EI) in young men. METHODS Ten men with obesity (OB) (Body Mass Index [BMI]: 34.6±4.4 kg/m2) and 10 with normal weight (CG) (BMI: 23.1±3.9 kg/m2) participated in a HIIE session. The session consisted of 6 rounds performed at 100% of maximum aerobic velocity (MAV) for 30 seconds, followed by 30 seconds of active recovery at 50% MAV and concluded with 4 minutes of passive recovery. This was repeated three times. EI was estimated at baseline and 24 h-post-HIIE. Hunger was measured at baseline, 2 h- and 24 h-post HIIE. RESULTS Carbohydrate (CHO) intake increased in both groups (P<0.01). Hunger feelings (19.5 [0-50] mm at baseline to 50 [9-73] mm post-2 h and 60 [8-92] mm in post-24 h [group: P=0.71, time: P<0.01, group × time: P=0.06]) and a desire to eat (34 [1-89] ±36.0 mm at baseline to 63 [11-86] mm post-2 h and 51 [7-84] mm post-24 h [group: P=0.65, time: P<0.01, group × time: P=0.29]) increased in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Weight status does not modulate hunger and EI post-HIIE. However, the compensatory increase in CHO intake and hunger feelings is particularly noteworthy for health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio M Terra
- Department of Human Performance, Federal University of São Paolo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Joao P Botero
- Department of Human Performance, Federal University of São Paolo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Jaddy Antunes
- Department of Human Performance, Federal University of São Paolo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Bryan Haddock
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
| | - Neal Malik
- Department of Health Science and Human Ecology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA -
| | - David Thivel
- Department of Human Kinetics, Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Wagner L Prado
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA
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16
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Beaulieu K, Oustric P, Finlayson G. The Impact of Physical Activity on Food Reward: Review and Conceptual Synthesis of Evidence from Observational, Acute, and Chronic Exercise Training Studies. Curr Obes Rep 2020; 9:63-80. [PMID: 32297126 PMCID: PMC7261263 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-020-00372-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review brings together current evidence from observational, acute, and chronic exercise training studies to inform public debate on the impact of physical activity and exercise on food reward. RECENT FINDINGS Low levels of physical activity are associated with higher liking and wanting for high-energy food. Acute bouts of exercise tend to reduce behavioral indices of reward for high-energy food in inactive individuals. A dissociation in liking (increase) and wanting (decrease) may occur during chronic exercise training associated with loss of body fat. Habitual moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with lower liking and wanting for high-fat food, and higher liking for low-fat food. Food reward does not counteract the benefit of increasing physical activity levels for obesity management. Exercise training appears to be accompanied by positive changes in food preferences in line with an overall improvement in appetite control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Beaulieu
- Appetite Control & Energy Balance Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Pauline Oustric
- Appetite Control & Energy Balance Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Graham Finlayson
- Appetite Control & Energy Balance Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK.
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17
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Duerlund M, Andersen BV, Wang K, Chan RCK, Byrne DV. Post-Ingestive Sensations Driving Post-Ingestive Food Pleasure: A Cross-Cultural Consumer Study Comparing Denmark and China. Foods 2020; 9:foods9050617. [PMID: 32403390 PMCID: PMC7278831 DOI: 10.3390/foods9050617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Culture is one of the main factors that influence food assessment. This cross-cultural research aimed to compare Chinese and Danish consumers in their post-ingestive drivers of Post-Ingestive Food Pleasure (PIFP). We define PIFP as a “subjective conscious sensation of pleasure and joy experienced after eating”. We conducted two in-country consumer studies in Denmark (n = 48) and in China (n = 53), measuring post-ingestive sensations and PIFP using visual analogue scale, for three hours following consumption of a breakfast meal. Key results revealed perceived Satisfaction, Mental, Overall and Physical wellbeing to be highly influential on PIFP in both countries. Moreover, Danish consumers perceived appetite-related sensations such as Satiety, Hunger, Desire-to-eat and In-need-of-food to be influential on PIFP, which was not the case in China. In China, more vitality-related sensations such as Energized, Relaxation and Concentration were found to be drivers of PIFP. These results suggest similarities but also distinct subtleties in the cultural constructs of PIFP in Denmark and in China. Focusing on Food Pleasure as a post-ingestive measure provides valuable output, deeper insights into what drives Food Pleasure, and, importantly, takes us beyond the processes only active during the actual eating event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Duerlund
- Food Quality Perception and Society, Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (B.V.A.); (D.V.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-871-560-00
| | - Barbara Vad Andersen
- Food Quality Perception and Society, Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (B.V.A.); (D.V.B.)
| | - Kui Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; (K.W.); (R.C.K.C.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Raymond C. K. Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; (K.W.); (R.C.K.C.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Derek Victor Byrne
- Food Quality Perception and Society, Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Agro Food Park 48, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark; (B.V.A.); (D.V.B.)
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Fillon A, Mathieu M, Masurier J, Roche J, Miguet M, Khammassi M, Finlayson G, Beaulieu K, Pereira B, Duclos M, Boirie Y, Thivel D. Effect of exercise-meal timing on energy intake, appetite and food reward in adolescents with obesity: The TIMEX study. Appetite 2020; 146:104506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Thivel D, Fillon A, Genin P, Miguet M, Khammassi M, Pereira B, Boirie Y, Duclos M, Drapeau V, Blundell J, Tremblay A, Finlayson G, Mathieu M, Metz L. Satiety responsiveness but not food reward is modified in response to an acute bout of low versus high intensity exercise in healthy adults. Appetite 2020; 145:104500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Thivel D, Roche J, Miguet M, Fillon A, Khammassi M, Beaulieu K, Finlayson G, Pereira B, Miyashita M, Thackray AE, Masurier J, Duclos M, Boirie Y. Post-moderate-intensity exercise energy replacement does not reduce subsequent appetite and energy intake in adolescents with obesity. Br J Nutr 2020; 123:592-600. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519003106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AbstractExercise modifies energy intake (EI) in adolescents with obesity, but whether this is mediated by the exercise-induced energy deficit remains unknown. The present study examined the effect of exercise with and without dietary replacement of the exercise energy expenditure on appetite, EI and food reward in adolescents with obesity. Fourteen 12–15-year-old adolescents with obesity (eight girls; Tanner 3–4; BMI 34·8 (sd 5·7) kg/m2; BMI z score 2·3 (sd 0·4)) randomly completed three experimental conditions: (i) rest control (CON); (ii) 30-min cycling (EX) and (iii) 30-min cycling with dietary energy replacement (EX + R). Ad libitum EI was assessed at lunch and dinner, and food reward (Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire) before and after lunch. Appetite was assessed at regular intervals. Lunch, evening and total EI (excluding the post-exercise snack in EX − R) were similar across conditions. Lunch and total EI including the post-exercise snack in EX + R were higher in EX − R than CON and EX; EX and CON were similar. Total relative EI was lower in EX (6284 (sd 2042) kJ) compared with CON (7167 (sd 2218) kJ; P < 0·05) and higher in EX + R (7736 (sd 2033) kJ) compared with CON (P < 0·001). Appetite and satiety quotients did not differ across conditions (P ≥ 0·10). Pre-meal explicit liking for fat was lower in EX compared with CON and EX + R (P = 0·05). There was time by condition interaction between EX and CON for explicit wanting and liking for fat (P = 0·01). Despite similar appetite and EI, adolescents with obesity do not adapt their post-exercise food intake to account for immediate dietary replacement of the exercise-induced energy deficit, favouring a short-term positive energy balance.
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Thivel D, Julian V, Miguet M, Pereira B, Beaulieu K, Finlayson G, Richard R, Duclos M. Introducing eccentric cycling during a multidisciplinary weight loss intervention might prevent adolescents with obesity from increasing their food intake: The TEXTOO study. Physiol Behav 2019; 214:112744. [PMID: 31765664 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study compared the appetite responses to an inpatient eccentric vs. concentric cycling training programs in adolescents with obesity. METHODS 24 adolescents with obesity (12-16yrs; Tanner 3-4) followed a 12-week multidisciplinary intervention (Phase1), after which they were randomized to concentric (CON) or eccentric (ECC) training for 12 weeks (Phase2). Assessment of anthropometrics, body composition (DXA), aerobic power (VO2max), energy (EI) and macronutrient intake, food reward, and subjective appetite were performed at baseline, and after Phase1 (T1) and Phase2 (T2). RESULTS Body mass, BMI, and fat mass (FM%) decreased in both groups (p < 0.001). FM% reduction was greater in ECC at T2 (-9.9%). EI did not change in either group at T1, but was greater at T2 relative to T1 in CON only (p < 0.001,+22%). There was no correlation between the change in body mass, FM%, fat-free mass and EI. Hunger (p = 0.002) and desire to eat (p = 0.001) were higher in CON vs. ECC with no time effects nor interactions. Prospective food consumption increased in both groups with no group effect nor interaction. Satiety was not different between groups or over time. In ECC, preference for high-fat foods increased (p = 0.03), and preference (p = 0.004) and implicit wanting (p = 0.016) for sweet foods decreased. CONCLUSION Eccentric cycling as part of an inpatient multidisciplinary weight-loss intervention might help prevent increased ad libitum energy intake compared to concentric exercise training in adolescents with obesity, potentially through distinct effects of the food reward system.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Thivel
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), 3 rue de la Chebarde, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CRNH-Auvergne, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Valérie Julian
- CRNH-Auvergne, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; University Clermont Auvergne, UFR Medicine, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Maud Miguet
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), 3 rue de la Chebarde, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Clermont-Ferrand University hospital, Biostatistics unit (DRCI), Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Kristine Beaulieu
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Graham Finlayson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Richard Richard
- CRNH-Auvergne, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; University Clermont Auvergne, UFR Medicine, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Martine Duclos
- CRNH-Auvergne, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; University Clermont Auvergne, UFR Medicine, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Rue Montablembert, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Miguet M, Fearnbach NS, Metz L, Khammassi M, Julian V, Cardenoux C, Pereira B, Boirie Y, Duclos M, Thivel D. Effect of HIIT versus MICT on body composition and energy intake in dietary restrained and unrestrained adolescents with obesity. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:437-445. [PMID: 31505120 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been suggested as an effective alternative to traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) that can yield improvements in a variety of health outcomes. Yet, despite the urgent need to find effective strategies for the treatment of pediatric obesity, only a few studies have addressed the impact of HIIT on eating behaviors and body composition in this population. This study aimed to compare the effect of HIIT versus MICT on eating behaviors in adolescents with obesity and to assess if the participants' baseline dietary status is associated with the success of the intervention. Forty-three adolescents with obesity were randomly assigned to a 16-week MICT or HIIT intervention. Body composition and 24-h ad libitum energy intake were assessed at baseline and at the end of the program. Restrained eating, emotional eating, and external eating were assessed using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire at baseline. Both interventions led to significant weight, body mass index (BMI), and fat mass percentage (FM%) reductions, with better improvements in FM% in the HIIT group; whereas 24-h ad libitum energy intake increased to a similar extent in both groups. HIIT provides better body composition improvements over MICT, despite a similar increase in energy intake. Restrained eaters experienced less weight loss and smaller BMI reduction compared with unrestrained eaters; higher baseline cognitively restrained adolescents showed a greater increase of their ad libitum energy intake. Novelty HIIT favors better body composition improvements compared with MICT. Both MICT and HIIT increased ad libitum energy intake in adolescents with obesity. Weight loss achievement is better among unrestrained eaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Miguet
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
| | - Nicole S Fearnbach
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Lore Metz
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
| | - Marwa Khammassi
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
| | - Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functionnal Explorations, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Charlotte Cardenoux
- Childhood Obesity Department, Romagnat Pediatric Medical Center, 63540 Romagnat, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU), Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU), Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We summarize neuroimaging findings related to processing of taste (fat, salt, umami, bitter, and sour) in the brain and how they influence hedonic responses and eating behaviors and their role in obesity. RECENT FINDINGS Neuroimaging studies in obese individuals have revealed alterations in reward/motivation, executive control/self-regulation, and limbic/affective circuits that are implicated in food and drug addiction. Psychophysical studies show that sensory properties of food ingredients may be associated with anthropometric and neurocognitive outcomes in obesity. However, few studies have examined the neural correlates of taste and processing of calories and nutrient content in obesity. The literature of neural correlated of bitter, sour, and salty tastes remains sparse in obesity. Most published studies have focused on sweet, followed by fat and umami taste. Studies on calorie processing and its conditioning by preceding taste sensations have started to delineate a dynamic pattern of brain activation associated with appetition. Our expanded understanding of taste processing in the brain from neuroimaging studies is poised to reveal novel prevention and treatment targets to help address overeating and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Kure Liu
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
| | - Paule Valery Joseph
- Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, Biobehavioral Branch, National Institute of Nursing Research, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Drive, Rm 5B03, Bethesda, MD 20892-2178 USA
| | - Dana E. Feldman
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
| | - Danielle S. Kroll
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
| | - Jamie A. Burns
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
| | - Peter Manza
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
| | - Nora D. Volkow
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 6001 Executive Blvd., Suite 5274, Bethesda, MD 20892-9581 USA
| | - Gene-Jack Wang
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Rm B2L124, Bethesda, MD 20892-1013 USA
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Khammassi M, Miguet M, O'Malley G, Fillon A, Masurier J, Damaso AR, Pereira B, Lambert C, Duclos M, Courteix D, Boirie Y, Thivel D. Health-related quality of life and perceived health status of adolescents with obesity are improved by a 10-month multidisciplinary intervention. Physiol Behav 2019; 210:112549. [PMID: 31082444 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although multidisciplinary weight management interventions have been shown effective in improving body composition and cardio-respiratory fitness, their effects on HRQOL and perceived health status remain uncertain in adolescents with obesity. OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of a 10-month multidisciplinary weight management intervention on HRQOL and health perception in adolescents with obesity, exploring whether these changes were associated with changes in body weight and body composition. METHODS Thirty-six adolescents with obesity (28 girls and 8 boys; mean age: 13 ± 1.32 years) enrolled in a multidisciplinary weight management intervention composed of nutritional counseling, physical activity and health-related therapeutic education. Validated self-report questionnaires were used to assess HRQOL (SF-36) and health perception (HP questionnaire) at baseline (T0) after5 months (T1) and after 10 month of intervention (T2). In addition, anthropometric parameters and body composition (DXA) were measured at T0, T1 and T2. RESULTS Items of the SF-36 significantly improved at T1 and T2, such as physical functioning (P < .01), general health (P < .01), physical (P < .001) and mental score (T1: P < .05, T2: P < .01). Dimensions of health perception improved significantly such as physical condition (P < .01 at T2), adiposity (P < .001 at T1 and T2), healthy balanced diet (P < .01 at T1 and P < .001 at T2), general health (P < .05), and perceived general health (T1: P < .01, T2: P < .001). Body weight, BMI, and fat mass (in Kg and in %) were significantly decreased (P < .001) at T1 and T2. No relationship was observed between variations of weight, BMI and Fat mass and variations of HRQOL and health perception. CONCLUSION A 10-month multidisciplinary weight-management intervention was associated with positive changes in HRQOL and perceived health status, which might not be explained by body weight and adiposity improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Khammassi
- Clermont Auvergne University, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand EA 3533, France; Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia; Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia.
| | - Maud Miguet
- Clermont Auvergne University, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand EA 3533, France
| | - Grace O'Malley
- Division of Population Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Childhood Obesity Service, Temple Street Children's University Hospital, Dublin 1, Ireland
| | - Alicia Fillon
- Clermont Auvergne University, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand EA 3533, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julie Masurier
- UGECAM Nutrition Obesity Ambulatory Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ana R Damaso
- Program of Nutrition, Paulista Medicine School, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu, 862-Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04020-050, Brazil
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Céline Lambert
- Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; University Clermont 1, UFR Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Clermont Auvergne University, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand EA 3533, France; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; University Clermont 1, UFR Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Human Nutrition, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Clermont Auvergne University, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand EA 3533, France; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Thivel D, Finlayson G, Blundell JE. Homeostatic and neurocognitive control of energy intake in response to exercise in pediatric obesity: a psychobiological framework. Obes Rev 2019; 20:316-324. [PMID: 30358051 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
While energy intake and energy expenditure have long been studied independently, the alarming progression of obesity has led to a more integrative approach to energy balance considering their potential interactions. Although the available literature concerned with the effect of chronic and acute exercise on energy intake and appetite control in adults is considerable, these questions remain less explored among children and adolescents. Based on the search of four databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library; articles published until May 2018), the objective of this review is to summarize and discuss the effect of acute and chronic physical exercise on energy intake and appetite control in children and adolescents with obesity, and to identify the physiological and neurocognitive signals and pathways involved. Evidence suggested that acute intensive exercise has the potential to reduce subsequent energy intake in children and adolescents with obesity but not healthy weight, through both peripheral (mainly gastro-peptides) and neurocognitive (neural responses to food cues) pathways. The nutritional responses to chronic physical activity remain less clear and require further consideration, especially from an anti-obesity perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Thivel
- EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - G Finlayson
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - J E Blundell
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Charlot K, Malgoyre A, Bourrilhon C. Proposition for a shortened version of the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire (LFPQ). Physiol Behav 2019; 199:244-251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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