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Wilhelm RA, Lacey MF, Masters SL, Breeden CJ, Mann E, MacDonald HV, Gable PA, White EJ, Stewart JL. Greater weekly physical activity linked to left resting frontal alpha asymmetry in women: A study on gender differences in highly active young adults. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2024; 74:102679. [PMID: 38797225 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity, beneficial for physical and psychological health, may facilitate affective mechanisms of positive emotion and approach-motivation. Greater resting frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), an index of greater relative left than right frontal cortical activity, is a neural correlate of affective mechanisms possibly associated with active lifestyles. This study sought to amplify limited literature on the relationship between physical (in)activity, FAA, and gender differences. College students (n = 70) self-reported physical activity (Total PA) and sedentary activity (Total Sitting) via the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), followed by a resting electroencephalography session to record FAA. A Total PA × gender interaction (β = 0.462, t = 3.163, p = 0.002) identified a positive relationship between Total PA and FAA in women (β = 0.434, t = 2.221, p = 0.030) and a negative relationship for men (β = -0.338, t = -2.300, p = 0.025). Total Sitting was positively linked to FAA (β = 0.288, t = 2.228, p = 0.029; no gender effect). Results suggest affective mechanisms reflected by FAA (e.g., positive emotion, approach-motivation) are associated with physical activity for women, indicating a possible mechanism of the psychological benefits linked with physically active lifestyles. A positive relationship between sedentary behavior and greater left FAA may also reflect motivated mechanisms of behavior that aid in minimizing energy expenditure, particularly within the context of our highly active sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Wilhelm
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
| | - Micayla F Lacey
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA; Department of Behavioral & Social Sciences, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, PA, USA.
| | - Stephanie L Masters
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA; Department of Psychology & Counseling, Hood College, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Christopher J Breeden
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA; Department of Psychology, Wingate University, Wingate, NC, USA
| | - Eric Mann
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA
| | | | - Philip A Gable
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Evan J White
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA; Oxley School of Community Medicine, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Jennifer L Stewart
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research (LIBR), Tulsa, OK, USA; Oxley School of Community Medicine, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
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Savage MJ, Magistro D, Hennis PJ, Donaldson J, Healy LC, Hunter KA, James RM. Determining factors of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298134. [PMID: 38394147 PMCID: PMC10889634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Historically, university students demonstrate poor movement behaviours that could negatively impact current and future health. Recent literature has focused on identifying determinants of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in this population to inform the development of intervention strategies. However, the COVID-19 pandemic substantially restricted movement behaviours in this population, meaning findings of previous research may no longer be applicable within the current societal context. The present study explored the longitudinal relationships between pre-pandemic psychological, behavioural and anthropometric factors, and the movement behaviours of UK university students nine months following the outbreak of COVID-19. METHODS Mental wellbeing (MWB), perceived stress (PS), body mass index (BMI), SB, and PA were assessed using an online self-report survey in 255 students prior to (October 2019) and nine months following (October 2020) the first confirmed case of COVID-19 in the UK. Path analysis was utilised to test relationships between pre-COVID mental wellbeing, perceived stress and BMI, and movement behaviours during the pandemic. RESULTS The fit of the path analysis model was good (χ2 = 0.01; CMIN = 0.10, CFI = 1.00, RMSEA = 0.00). Pre-covid MWB and PS positively influenced PA (β = 0.29; β = 0.24; P < 0.01) but not SB (β = -0.10; β = 0.00; P = 0.79) during the pandemic. Additionally, pre-pandemic SB and PA positively influenced SB and PA during the pandemic respectively (SB: β = 0.26; P < 0.01) (PA: β = 0.55; P < 0.01). Pre-pandemic BMI did not influence any measured variable during the pandemic (PA: β = 0.03 and P = 0.29; SB: β = 0.06 and P = 0.56), and there was no mediating effect of PA on SB during the pandemic (β = -0.26; P = 0.14). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that pre-covid mental health and movement behaviours had a direct positive influence on PA during the pandemic, but not SB. This longitudinal study demonstrates the influence that prior psychological and behavioural factors have in determining university students' response to periods of elevated stress and uncertainty, furthering our understanding of determinants of health-related behaviours in students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Savage
- SHAPE Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Magistro
- SHAPE Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J. Hennis
- SHAPE Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - James Donaldson
- SHAPE Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Laura C. Healy
- SHAPE Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty A. Hunter
- SHAPE Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth M. James
- SHAPE Research Group, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Rodden J, Ortega DG, Costa PB. Sitting Less, Recovering Faster: Investigating the Relationship between Daily Sitting Time and Muscle Recovery following Intense Exercise: A Pilot Study. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:24. [PMID: 38390924 PMCID: PMC10885058 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) There is growing concern surrounding the adverse effects of prolonged sitting on health, yet its impact on post-exercise recovery remains relatively unexplored. This study aimed to better understand the potential influence of habitual prolonged sitting on recovery time and the unfavorable impact prolonged sitting may have on time to recovery, as assessed by muscle damage and inflammatory markers and an isokinetic dynamometer. (2) Nine college-age men (mean age ± SD = 22.1 ± 3.1 years, body mass = 80.9 ± 15.7 kg, height = 171 ± 9.0 cm, Body Mass Index (BMI) = 27.6 ± 4.9 kg·m2) participated in an exhaustive exercise protocol. Creatine Kinase (CK), Myoglobin (Mb), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), White Blood Cell Count (WBC), Peak Torque (PT), and muscle soreness were measured at baseline and 0, 24, 48, and 72 h post-exercise. Dietary and exercise logs were maintained during the 5-day testing procedure. (3) No significant differences were observed in muscle damage markers (CK [p = 0.068] and Mb [p = 0.128]), inflammatory markers (CRP [p = 0.814] and WBC [p = 0.140]), or PT [p = 0.255]) at any time point. However, a significant positive correlation was found between daily sitting time and the percent increase in CK concentration from 0 h to 72 h (r = 0.738, p = 0.023). Strong correlations were also noted between prolonged sitting and percent change in Mb concentration at 48 h (r = 0.71, p = 0.033) and 72 h (r = 0.889, p = 0.001). There was a significant two-way interaction for time × velocity (p = 0.043) for PT with a simple main effect for time at 60°·s-1 (p = 0.038). No significant associations were detected between daily carbohydrate or protein intake and recovery markers (p > 0.05). (4) The findings suggest minimizing daily sitting time may expedite and potentially aid muscle recovery after an intense exercise bout, although further research is warranted to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Rodden
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
| | - Dolores G Ortega
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
| | - Pablo B Costa
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
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Pachu N, Webber S, Strachan S. Effects of self-affirmation on university students' processing of health risk messages related to sedentary behavior. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:293-301. [PMID: 35157551 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2034831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine effects of self-affirmation on university students' processing of health risk messages related to sedentary behavior. PARTICIPANTS Eighty-eight students from a Canadian university (females = 53; males = 35; Mage = 21.74, SD = 5.36) participated during the 2018-2019 academic year. METHODS Participants were randomized to a self-affirmation (n = 43) or control group (n = 45), watched a video conveying sedentary behavior risk messages, and completed measures of acceptance, derogation, risk perceptions, negative affect, and intentions. A one-way between-groups multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) examined effects of condition on the combined set of outcome variables. RESULTS Self-affirmation had no observable effect on any outcome variables. CONCLUSION Self-affirmation did not appear to impact students' reactions to sedentary behavior risk messages. Given the lack of a manipulation check, however, this finding must be interpreted with caution. The Trigger and Channel framework offers a useful account of factors that influence self-affirmation effects. Implications and future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Pachu
- Applied Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sandra Webber
- Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Shaelyn Strachan
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Hudgins BL, Hevel DJ, Maher JP. Screen-based and non-screen-based sedentary behaviors are differentially associated with affective states in older adults. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 67:102433. [PMID: 37665886 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Excessive sedentary behavior (SB) contributes to poor affective and physical feeling states, which is particularly concerning for older adults who are the most sedentary sector of the population. Specific types of SB have been shown to differentially impact health in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, with screen-based SB more negatively impacting aspects of mental health. This study used Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), a real-time, intensive longitudinal data capture methodology, to examine the differential impact of screen-based behaviors on momentary affective responses during SB in naturalistic settings. A diverse sample of older adults (pooled across 2 studies) completed an EMA protocol for 8-10 days with six randomly delivered, smartphone assessments per day. At each EMA prompt, participants reported their current activity, whether they were sitting while doing that activity, and affective states. Multilevel models assessed whether screen-based (vs. non-screen-based) behavior moderated affective response during SB. At the within-person level, older adults experienced less positive affect during SB when engaged in a screen-based behavior compared to a non-screen-based SB (B = -0.10, p < 0.01). At the between-person level, positive associations between SB and negative affect (B = 0.79, p = 0.03) were stronger if participants reported engaging in screen-based behaviors for a greater proportion of prompts. Among older adults, screen-based SB may lead to poorer affective states compared to non-screen-based SB. Interventions aiming to reduce SB in this population should consider targeting reductions in screen-based SB as means to improve affective states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brynn L Hudgins
- University of North Carolina Greensboro, 1400 Spring Garden Street, Greensboro, NC, 27412, USA.
| | - Derek J Hevel
- University of North Carolina Greensboro, 1400 Spring Garden Street, Greensboro, NC, 27412, USA.
| | - Jaclyn P Maher
- University of North Carolina Greensboro, 1400 Spring Garden Street, Greensboro, NC, 27412, USA.
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Vella CA, Nelson MC. Patterns and correlates of sedentary behavior among university students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37053593 PMCID: PMC10570395 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2198020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To characterize the context, patterns, and correlates of sedentary behavior (SB) in university students. Participants: A total of 95 adults (41% men) enrolled in 34 different undergraduate majors. Methods: SB was assessed by questionnaire and accelerometer. Results: Objective SB and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) accounted for 8.4 ± 1.5 and 1.2 ± 0.5 h·day-1, respectively. Most SB was spent in occupational, leisure, and screen time behaviors, and was accumulated in short bouts of 10 min or longer. Women were more sedentary than men (522.0 ± 80.3 vs. 486.1 ± 91.3 min·day-1, p = 0.03) and engaged in more prolonged bouts of SB. Correlates of SB included female sex, smoking, light activity, MVPA, and markers of obesity, with higher levels of light activity and current smoking the strongest and most consistent correlates of reduced SB. Conclusions: University students engage in high amounts of SB and accumulate most of their SB in short bouts, with differences in patterns of SB between men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal A Vella
- Department of Movement Sciences, College of Education, Health and Human Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA
| | - Megan C Nelson
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, Michigan, USA
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Garn AC, Simonton KL. Prolonged Sitting in University Students: An Intra-Individual Study Exploring Physical Activity Value as a Deterrent. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1891. [PMID: 36767258 PMCID: PMC9915133 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
University students are a subpopulation of young adults highly susceptible to prolonged bouts of sitting. The purpose of this study was to investigate university students' intra-individual patterns of prolonged daily sitting, exploring gender and physical activity value beliefs as covariates. A total of 71 students reported the number of days each week they spent in bouts of prolonged sitting (2 + continuous hours) over a five-week timeframe. The findings revealed that at the beginning of the study, the students spent about four days per week in prolonged bouts of sitting although there was substantial variability in the sample. Intra-individual changes over the five weeks occurred in a non-linear fashion with a variability in these trajectories. Men reported approximately one less day of prolonged sitting per week although gender did not predict changes over time. Physical activity value beliefs were negatively related to prolonged bouts of sitting when averaged across time. The results illustrate the variable nature of prolonged sitting in university student populations, highlighting the need for implementing individualized intervention strategies targeting sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C. Garn
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Kelly L. Simonton
- Division of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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Lu Y, Wiltshire HD, Baker JS, Wang Q, Ying S. The effect of Tabata-style functional high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic health and physical activity in female university students. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1095315. [PMID: 36923290 PMCID: PMC10008870 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1095315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome and physical inactivity enhances exposure to cardiometabolic risk factors in university students. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improved cardiometabolic health in clinical adults but the evidence in the university setting is limited. Furthermore, few studies examined the effect of low-volume HIIT on habitual physical activity (PA). Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 12-week Tabata-style functional HIIT for improving multiple cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA. We also investigated whether changes in habitual PA over the intervention period had an impact on exercise-induced health outcomes. Methods: 122 female freshmen were randomized into the Tabata group (n = 60) and the control (n = 62). The Tabata training protocol involved 8 × 20 s maximal repeated functional exercises followed by 10 s rest with a frequency of 3 times per week for 12 weeks. Body composition, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), blood pressure (BP), blood lipids, fasting glucose and insulin, C-reactive protein and PA were objectively measured using standardized methods. Dietary intake was measured using a valid food frequency questionnaire. All variables were measured pre- and post-intervention. Results: Mixed linear modelling results showed that there were large intervention effects on VO2max (p < 0.001, d = 2.53, 95% CI: 2.03 to 3.00 for relative VO2max; p < 0.001, d = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.76 to 2.68 for absolute VO2max), resting heart rate (p < 0.001, d = -1.82, 95% CI: -2.23 to -1.37), systolic BP (p < 0.001, d = -1.24, 95% CI: -1.63 to -0.84), moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) (p < 0.001, d = 2.31, 95% CI: 1.83 to 2.77), total PA (p < 0.001, d = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.53 to 2.41); moderate effects on %BF (p < 0.001, d = -1.15, 95% CI: -1.53 to -0.75), FM (p < 0.001, d = -1.08, 95% CI: -1.46 to -0.69), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p < 0.001, d = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.65 to 1.42), total cholesterol (p = 0.001, d = -0.64, 95% CI: -1.00 to -0.26); small effects on BMI (p = 0.011, d = -0.48, 95% CI: -0.84 to 0.11), WC (p = 0.043, d = -0.37, 95% CI: -0.74 to -0.01), low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.003, d = -0.57, 95% CI: -0.93 to -0.19), HOMA-IR (p = 0.026, d = -0.42, 95% CI: -0.78 to -0.05) and fasting insulin (p = 0.035, d = -0.40, 95% CI: -0.76 to -0.03). Regression analysis showed that only the percentage change of HDL was associated with the change of MVPA (b = 0.326, p = 0.015) and TPA (b = 0.480, p = 0.001). Conclusion: From the findings of the study we can conclude that 12-week low-volume Tabata-style functional HIIT was highly effective for university female students to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, body fat, some cardiometabolic health outcomes and habitual PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Lu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Huw D Wiltshire
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Steven Baker
- Centre for Population Health and Medical Informatics, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiaojun Wang
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shanshan Ying
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Zawadka M, Smolka J, Skublewska-Paszkowska M, Lukasik E, Jablonski M, Gawda P. The influence of sedentary behaviour on lumbar-pelvic kinematics during squatting and forward bending among physically active students. ERGONOMICS 2023; 66:101-112. [PMID: 35361072 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2022.2061051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged sitting may involve several mechanisms that make it a risk factor for low back pain. The aim of this study was to investigate lumbar-pelvic kinematics and multifidus muscle (MF) activity during squatting and forward bending in relation to the sedentary behaviour of physically active students. Sixty-three students were divided into two groups according to the time spent in a sitting position during the day: 'high' (>7 h/day); 'low' (≤7 h/day). Lumbar-pelvic ratios, ranges of motion, angular velocities, and MF flexion-relaxation phenomenon were investigated. Data were obtained using the optical motion analysis system, and surface electromyography. The results indicated that lumbar-pelvic ratios during both tasks and velocity of lumbar spine during squatting were significantly greater in the 'high' than in the 'low' sitting group. Muscle activity showed no differences between groups. Prolonged sitting can be considered a factor that slightly, but statistically significantly influences the lumbar-pelvic kinematics in physically active people.Practitioner summary: Lumbar-pelvic kinematics can be altered by prolonged sitting in physically active students. Lumbar-pelvic ratios during squatting and forward bending and lumbar spine velocity during squatting were significantly greater in the 'high' than in the 'low' sitting group. Sedentary behaviour should be considered during an assessment of movement patterns.Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; ERR: extension-relaxation ratio; FRP: flexion-relaxation phenomenon; FRR: flexion-relaxation ratio; IPAQ: International Physical Activity Questionnaire; LBP: low back pain; METs: metabolic equivalent of tasks; MF: multifidus muscle; PA: physical activity; ROM: range of motion; sEMG: surface electromyography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zawadka
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Smolka
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
| | - Maria Skublewska-Paszkowska
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
| | - Edyta Lukasik
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mirosław Jablonski
- Department of Rehabilitation and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Gawda
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Chen CCJ, Lim S. Examining the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on exercise behavior and perceived academic stress among U.S. college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022:1-7. [PMID: 35816754 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2094202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to capture the impact of COVID-19 on exercise behavior in U.S. college students. Exercise behaviors and perceived academic stress were examined from pre-COVID-19 (January-March 2020) and early-COVID-19 (April-July 2020) to continued-COVID-19 times (August-October 2020). Participants: One hundred and thirty-two participants completed the online questionnaires retrospectively. Methods: Two-way analyses of variance were used to examine exercise behaviors and academic stress perception over time between genders. Results: Participants spent much time in sedentary behavior and an increase in academic stress was evident in learning during the early-COVID-19 period. The time spent in sedentary behavior was reduced, but the stress involving coursework remained during the continued-COVID period. The impact of the COVID pandemic was observed to be universal across sex groups. Conclusions: Universities should consider how to support physical and mental health during lockdown and extended closure due to a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-C Jj Chen
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - S Lim
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
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Health-Promoting Behavior and Lifestyle Characteristics of Students as a Function of Sex and Academic Level. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127539. [PMID: 35742787 PMCID: PMC9224493 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
University students frequently engage in unhealthy behaviors. However, there is a lack of studies examining a wide range of their lifestyle characteristics by sex and academic level of study. This cross-sectional survey of students enrolled in BSc, MSc, or PhD programs at one university in Germany (N = 3389) assessed physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), nutrition, sleep quality, and alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATOD) use by sex and academic level and was conducted with EvaSys version 8.0. Chi-squared tests compared categorical variables by sex, and binary logistic regression analyses adjusted for sex with Bonferroni adjustments evaluated differences across academic level. Although 91% of students achieved the aerobic PA guidelines, only 30% achieved the muscle strengthening exercises (MSE) guidelines, and 44% had high SB. Likewise, <10% met the fruit and vegetable consumption (FVC) recommendations, >40% of students experienced impaired sleep, and >30% had hazardous alcohol consumption. Less than 20% of the sample achieved the guideline/recommendation of all three PA, MSE and SB. Some behaviors exhibited significant sex and academic level differences. The identified at-risk groups included males (lower FVC), females (eating more during stress), and BSc students (poorer nutrition/sleep quality, more ATOD use). Given the above findings, multipronged strategies are needed with an overarching focus highlighting the health−academic achievement links. Behavioral interventions and environmental policies are required to raise awareness and promote student health.
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Associations between Objectively Determined Physical Activity and Cardiometabolic Health in Adult Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060925. [PMID: 35741446 PMCID: PMC9220764 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to qualitatively synthesize and quantitatively assess the evidence of the relationship between objectively determined volumes of physical activity (PA) and cardiometabolic health in women. Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane library) were searched and, finally, 24 eligible studies were included, with a total of 2105 women from eight countries. A correlational meta-analysis shows that moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) was favorably associated with high-density lipoprotein (r = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.25; p = 0.002); however, there was limited evidence for the effects of most of the other cardiometabolic biomarkers recorded from steps, total physical activity, light- and moderate-intensity physical activity and MVPA. It is most compelling and consistent that being more physically active is beneficial to the metabolic syndrome. Overall, PA levels are low in adult women, suggesting that increasing the total volume of PA is more important than emphasizing the intensity and duration of PA. The findings also indicate that, according to the confounding effects of body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness, meeting the minimal level of 150 min of moderate-intensity physical activity recommended is not enough to obtain a significant improvement in cardiometabolic indicators. Nonetheless, the high heterogeneity between studies inhibits robust conclusions.
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Huang R, Song C, Li T, Yu C, Yao T, Gao H, Cao S, Yi X, Chang B. A cross-sectional comparative study on the effects of body mass index and exercise/sedentary on serum asprosin in male college students. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265645. [PMID: 35381008 PMCID: PMC8982887 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes regulate the body’s metabolism by secreting adipokines to maintain energy homeostasis. Asprosin is a new type of adipokine, and its relationship with obesity remains controversial. There are a few reports on the effect of long-term exercise on serum asprosin level. This study aimed to investigate the effects of body mass index (BMI) and exercise/sedentary habit on serum asprosin in male college students as well as the relationship between serum asprosin and body composition and related metabolic indicators and provided a basis for further exploration of the biological function of asprosin. Ninety-six male college students were classified into the sedentary habit group (SD; 48) and the special training experience group (ET; 48). Both groups included three subgroups of normal BMI, overweight, and obesity, with 16 people in each subgroup. One-way analysis of variance, analysis of covariance, and Pearson correlation analysis were performed. The results showed that serum asprosin levels in the obesity subgroup were significantly higher than those in the normal and overweight subgroups. Excluding BMI interference, there were no significant differences in serum asprosin between the SD and ET groups; however, there were significant differences in body composition, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10. Asprosin was positively correlated with BMI, body fat percentage, visceral fat area, fasting insulin, insulin resistance homeostasis model, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and leptin levels and was negatively correlated with relative lean body mass, relative skeletal muscle mass, high-density lipoprotein, and interleukin-10, and adiponectin levels. In conclusion, serum asprosin is closely related to body weight, body composition, glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, and fat hormones. Long-term exercise training cannot prevent BMI increase from increasing serum asprosin level. If the influence of BMI is excluded, long-term exercise training does not affect serum asprosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Huang
- Department of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chenglin Song
- Department of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Caijing Yu
- Department of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Tingting Yao
- Department of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Haining Gao
- Department of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- * E-mail: (HG); (SC); (XY)
| | - Shicheng Cao
- Department of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- * E-mail: (HG); (SC); (XY)
| | - Xuejie Yi
- Department of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Exercise and Health Research Center, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- * E-mail: (HG); (SC); (XY)
| | - Bo Chang
- Department of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Ferreira Silva RM, Mendonça CR, Azevedo VD, Raoof Memon A, Noll PRES, Noll M. Barriers to high school and university students' physical activity: A systematic review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265913. [PMID: 35377905 PMCID: PMC8979430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity commonly occurs throughout one's life, particularly during adolescence and young adulthood. Multiple factors can negatively influence participation in physical activity, but there has been no review examining the barriers to physical activity among high school and university students. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to summarize evidence of barriers to the practice of physical activity among high school and university students. The literature search was conducted without time limits using five databases, including CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus. In total, 59 studies (37 with high school students [n = 22,908] and 22 with university students [n = 15,411]) were included. The main barriers identified in high school and university students were lack of time, lack of motivation, and lack of accessible places. These findings may be useful in designing and implementing evidence-informed interventions and programs for physical activity promotion in students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aamir Raoof Memon
- Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah (Shaheed Benazirabad), Pakistan
| | | | - Matias Noll
- Federal Institute Goiano, Ceres, Goiás, Brazil
- Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Sousa CV, Hwang J, Cabrera-Perez R, Fernandez A, Misawa A, Newhook K, Lu AS. Active video games in fully immersive virtual reality elicit moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and improve cognitive performance in sedentary college students. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:164-171. [PMID: 34004390 PMCID: PMC9068577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active video games are a new method for increasing physical activity (PA). Fully immersive virtual reality (VR) is a hardware device on which an active video game can run. Active (video games in) VR (AVR), might increase immersion, game engagement, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), thereby yielding greater exercise-related benefits, e.g., cognitive performance. METHODS We examined the induction of MVPA via an AVR and a sedentary VR (SVR) as well as the effects of VR play on cognitive performance, which was monitored using 2 different methods. Each of 29 sedentary college students attended three 20-min laboratory sessions (AVR, SVR, or control) in a randomized order; during the control session, they sat quietly doing nothing. A fully immersive headset was used for the 2 video game sessions. We monitored and computed participants' PA using hip-worn accelerometers (wGT3x-bt; ActiGraph, Pensacola, FL, USA) and a heart rate band (Polar H7; Polar, Kempele, Finland). After each session, the participants completed a mnemonic similarity test (MST) to measure recognition memory. They also filled out a motion sickness questionnaire and an abbreviated game experience questionnaire. RESULTS The AVR session induced a significantly greater heart rate and more time spent in MVPA than did either of the other 2 sessions regardless of the PA monitoring method. AVR elicited greater game experience questionnaire-assessed sensory and imaginative immersion, challenge, and positive affect than did SVR. The mnemonic similarity test recognition score was marginally higher post-AVR session than it was post-SVR session. CONCLUSION AVR elicited MVPA without a significant increase in motion sickness and induced a better game experience and better borderline cognitive performance than did SVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio Victor Sousa
- Health Technology Lab, College of Arts, Media and Design, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jungyun Hwang
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Romina Cabrera-Perez
- Health Technology Lab, College of Arts, Media and Design, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Austin Fernandez
- Health Technology Lab, College of Arts, Media and Design, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aika Misawa
- Health Technology Lab, College of Arts, Media and Design, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kelsey Newhook
- Health Technology Lab, College of Arts, Media and Design, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amy Shirong Lu
- Health Technology Lab, College of Arts, Media and Design, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Sousa TFD, Carvalho FO, Silva EDS, Mussi FC, Fonseca SCF, Silva DCGD, Souza ALD, Barros GR, Fonseca SA. What are the characteristics that influence the sitting time in university students? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CINEANTROPOMETRIA E DESEMPENHO HUMANO 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2022v24e84369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The objective was to estimate the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, link with the university, behavioral, biological, and self-rated related to health, with time sitting in university students at federal institutions in the state of Bahia, Brazil. This cross-sectional study was carried out with university students from six institutions (Federal University “Recôncavo da Bahia”, Federal University of “Bahia”, Federal University of “Oeste da Bahia”, University of International Integration of Afro-Brazilian Lusophony, Federal University of “Vale do São Francisco” and Federal University of “Sul da Bahia”) in the state from Bahia in 2019. Time sitting in hours per day was investigated and relation sociodemographic, link with the university, behavioral, biological, self-rated of stress and health variables. Path analysis was used to apply multivariate linear regression. The significance status was 5%. A total of 1,217 university students participated of the study. The final model accounts for 6% of sitting time. Self-rated health as positive (β: -0.117; p: <0.001), increasing age (β: -0.115; p: <0.001) and physical activity practice (β: -0.113; p: <0.001) contributed to the decrease in sitting time. The increase in the amount of inadequate eating habits (β: 0.063; p: 0.032) favored the increase in sitting time. The adjustment indices were satisfactory. Concluded that self-rated health as positive, advancing age and physical activities practice were determinants of reduced sitting time, on the other hand, irregular eating behaviors favored sedentary behavior.
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Rouvinen H, Jokiniemi K, Sormunen M, Turunen H. Internet use and health in higher education students: a scoping review. Health Promot Int 2021; 36:1610-1620. [PMID: 33738490 PMCID: PMC8699394 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The amount of time spent online has increased over the last decade among higher education students. Students engage in online activities related to studies, work, leisure, entertainment and electronic services (e-services) use. The Internet is also used for health-related matters. The increase in the use of the Internet has influenced students' health, especially mental and physical health and well-being. This scoping review scrutinizes the literature between 2015 and 2020 (N = 55) on the association between Internet use and health in higher education students. A methodological framework, outlined by Arksey and O'Malley, was applied to conduct this review. Systematic searches were carried out in the CINAHL, PubMed and Scopus databases and in the available grey literature. For the data, a thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke was utilized. Two major themes of 'Health-promoting Internet use' and 'Health-threatening Internet use' emerged and are described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Rouvinen
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, PO Box 1627, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Krista Jokiniemi
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, PO Box 1627, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Marjorita Sormunen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, PO Box 1627, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Hannele Turunen
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1C, PO Box 1627, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
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The effect of COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine period on physical activity and dietary habits of college-aged students. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2021; 3:228-235. [PMID: 34494003 PMCID: PMC8411586 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to sudden extreme changes in lifestyle, potentially causing adverse changes in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and dietary habits. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of COVID-19 quarantine on physical activity, dietary habits, and food insecurity among college students who were impacted by the quarantine periods and campus closures. The findings of the study will provide preliminary evidence on dietary, physical activity, and sedentary behavior changes induced by the pandemic among college students. Participants (n = 403) completed a cross-sectional self-report online questionnaire, evaluating the physical activity, sedentary behavior, and dietary behaviors before- and during-COVID-19 campus closures (March–May 2020). Sociodemographic and descriptive information was also obtained from each participant. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to assess changes in physical activity, sedentary behavior, and dietary habits. McNemar's test was used to compare food insecurity changes. Data were presented as median and interquartile range. A total of 291 participants who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study (college-aged, 18–24 years). Physical activity decreased at vigorous (2 days/week to 1 day/week, p < 0.001), moderate (4 days/week to 1 day/week, p < 0.001), and light (4 days/week to 2 days/week, p < 0.001) intensity levels, while sedentary behavior increased (4 h/day to 7 h/day, p < 0.001) from pre-to during-COVID-19 quarantine period. Frequencies of meals at home and alcohol consumption increased (Z = −3.911 and Z = −4.022, p < 0.001), while frequency of fruit consumption decreased (Z = −2.116, p < 0.001) from pre-to during-COVID-19 quarantine period. Daily alcohol intake also increased during COVID-19 quarantine period (Z = −4.442, p < 0.001). Lastly, the percentage of individuals reporting food insecurity significantly increased during COVID-19 quarantine (p < 0.001). College-aged students in quarantine significantly decreased physical activity participation and increased sedentary behavior. Changes in dietary habits were observed, including increased meals at home, alcohol consumption, and decreased fruit consumption. Food insecurity also doubled among college-aged students during quarantine. Public health strategies to attenuate these changes in lifestyle habits should be implemented during a global pandemic.
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Sian TS, Inns T, Gates A, Doleman B, Gharahdaghi N, Atherton PJ, Lund JN, Phillips BE. Short-Term, Equipment-Free High Intensity Interval Training Elicits Significant Improvements in Cardiorespiratory Fitness Irrespective of Supervision in Early Adulthood. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:697518. [PMID: 34381998 PMCID: PMC8349982 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.697518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Serious health implications from having low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and being overweight in young adulthood are carried forward into later life. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-effective, potent stimulus for improving CRF and indices of cardiometabolic health. To date, few studies have investigated the use of equipment-free HIIT or the impact of supervision for improving CRF via HIIT. Methods: Thirty healthy young adults (18-30 y) were randomised to 4 weeks (12 sessions) equipment-free, bodyweight based supervised laboratory HIIT (L-HIIT), unsupervised home HIIT (H-HIIT) or no-intervention (CON). Utilised exercises were star jumps, squats and standing sprints. Measurements of CRF (anaerobic threshold (AT) and VO2peak), blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), blood glucose and plasma insulin by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and muscle architecture were performed at baseline and after the intervention. Results: When compared to the control group, both HIIT protocols improved CRF (AT: L-HIIT mean difference compared to the control group (MD) +2.1 (95% CI: 0.34-4.03) ml/kg/min; p = 0.02; H-HIIT MD +3.01 (1.17-4.85) ml/kg/min; p = 0.002), VO2peak: L-HIIT (MD +2.94 (0.64-5.25) ml/kg/min; p = 0.01; H-HIIT MD +2.55 (0.34-4.76) ml/kg/min; p = 0.03), BMI (L-HIIT MD -0.43 (-0.86 to 0.00) kg/m2; p = 0.05; H-HIIT: MD -0.51 (-0.95 to -0.07) kg/m2; p = 0.03) and m. vastus lateralis pennation angle (L-HIIT MD 0.2 (0.13-0.27)°; p < 0.001; H-HIIT MD 0.17 (0.09 to 0.24)°; p < 0.001). There was no significant change in BP, blood glucose or plasma insulin in any of the groups. Conclusions: Four weeks time-efficient, equipment-free, bodyweight-based HIIT is able to elicit improvements in CRF irrespective of supervision status. Unsupervised HIIT may be a useful tool for counteracting the rise of sedentary behaviours and consequent cardiometabolic disorders in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvir S Sian
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, United Kingdom.,Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, Royal Derby Hospital, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Inns
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Gates
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Brett Doleman
- Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, Royal Derby Hospital, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Nima Gharahdaghi
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jon N Lund
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, United Kingdom.,Department of Surgery and Anaesthesia, Royal Derby Hospital, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Bethan E Phillips
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, United Kingdom
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Alkhalidy H, Orabi A, Alzboun T, Alnaser K, Al-Shami I, Al-Bayyari N. Health-Risk Behaviors and Dietary Patterns Among Jordanian College Students: A Pilot Study. Front Nutr 2021; 8:632035. [PMID: 34055850 PMCID: PMC8160432 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.632035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: Health promotion and the incorporation of health-protective behaviors in people's lifestyles have a great role in enhancing individuals' overall health and well-being. College students are at increased risk of developing unhealthy dietary and lifestyle behaviors. A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted to assess the health-risk behaviors among undergraduate college students at Jordan University of Science and Technology. Methods: The final sample included 136 students, with a mean age of 21.1 ± 2.37 years, mostly females (69%). A self-reported questionnaire was used for data collection about dietary and lifestyle behaviors among college students. The questionnaire consisted of four parts: sociodemographic characteristics, body weight classifications, lifestyle behaviors, and dietary patterns and intake, and eating behaviors. Results: Most of the students did not meet the daily recommendations for fruit (76%) and vegetable (82%) intake. Males were significantly consuming fast food more frequently (p = 0.019), and smoked cigarettes (p < 0.001) or hookah (p = 0.015) more frequently than did females. Further, the majority met the recommendations for physical activity (81%), but exceeded recommendations for sedentary behavior. Females were more likely to have normal weight or be underweight (OR = 4.865), to have a fear of weight gain (OR = 3.387), and to have the recommended sleeping hours (OR = 7.685) than were males. Conclusion: The results indicate the health-risk behaviors and the gender-related differences among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Aliaa Orabi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tamara Alzboun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khadeejah Alnaser
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Islam Al-Shami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Nahla Al-Bayyari
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Al-Huson University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
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O' Brien N, Lawlor M, Chambers F, O'Brien W. Mental fitness in higher education: Intervention Mapping programme design. HEALTH EDUCATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/he-09-2019-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeHigher Education Institutions observe that many students are experiencing mental health issues, such as high levels of anxiety and stress. Young adults are recognised as a vulnerable group who carry the burden of mental health problems worldwide. Mental health interventions can be effective in positively influencing students' emotional and behavioural wellbeing.Design/methodology/approachIn the current study, the principles of Intervention Mapping (IM) were applied to guide the development, implementation, and evaluation of a specifically tailored mental health programme for a selected student cohort in a large Higher Education Institute in Ireland. Mixed qualitative (Delphi technique and focus group discussions) and quantitative (survey) data were gathered to gain a broad perspective of mental health concerns and learning needs among a sample of higher education students (n = 99).FindingsExisting evidence guided by theoretical frameworks were blended to create a specifically tailored mental health programme to meet the needs of higher education students in Ireland. Results indicate that the established six-stages of IM provide an empirical process that has the potential to effectively respond to the mental health needs of students in higher education. IM identifies the priority needs of students in higher education and ensures that suitable behaviour change techniques for mental health are addressed. 10;Originality/valueIM is a suitable method to critically and collaboratively develop a mental health intervention for the overall wellbeing of the general higher education student population, both nationally and globally. 10;
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