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Wang X, Xiao Y, Nam S, Zhong T, Tang D, Li WHC, Song P, Xia W. Use of Mukbang in Health Promotion: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2025; 27:e56147. [PMID: 40146986 PMCID: PMC11986381 DOI: 10.2196/56147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mukbang is a recent internet phenomenon in which anchors publicly record and show their eating through short video platforms. Researchers reported a tangible impact of mukbang on the psychological and physical health, appetite, and eating behavior of the public, it is critical to obtain clear and comprehensive insights concerning the use of mukbang to promote the viewers' appetite, eating behaviors, and health to identify directions for future work. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aims to comprehensively outline the current evidence regarding the impact of mukbang consumption on dietary behaviors, appetite regulation, flavor perception, and physical and psychological well-being. Specifically, we conducted an analysis of public perceptions and attitudes toward mukbang while summarizing the reciprocal influence it has on health promotion. METHODS This study was conducted as a scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute guideline and the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist. We comprehensively searched 8 electronic databases in Chinese, English, and Korean languages. We also searched gray literature sources like Google Scholar and ProQuest. We used a data extraction chart to extract information relevant to the impact of mukbang on health. The extracted data were qualitatively analyzed to form different themes related to health, categorizing and integrating the results based on the type of study (qualitative, observational, and experimental). RESULTS This scoping review finally included 53 studies; the annual distribution exhibited a consistent upward trend across all categories since their initial publication in 2017. Based on the results of the analysis, we have summarized 4 themes, which showed that mukbang may have positive effects on viewers' appetite, food choices, and weight control; it can also meet the psychological needs of viewers and provide digital companionship and happiness. However, excessive viewing may also be harmful to viewer's health, which has also caused health concerns for some viewers. CONCLUSIONS This study conducted a comprehensive search, screening, and synthesis of existing studies focusing on mukbang and health across various languages and varying levels of quality, which has presented the analytical evidence of the relationship between mukbang and dietary behaviors, appetite, flavor perception, and health. According to the results, future research could consider analyzing the beneficial and harmful factors of mukbang, thereby further optimizing the existing mukbang videos accordingly to explore the potential of using mukbang for health intervention or promotion, so as to improve or customize the content of mukbang based on this scoping review, maximize the appetite and health promotion effects of mukbang videos. TRIAL REGISTRATION INPLASY INPLASY2022120109; https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-12-0109/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxue Xiao
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sujin Nam
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ting Zhong
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyan Tang
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - William Ho Cheung Li
- Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peige Song
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xia
- School of Nursing, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Bai J, Zhu H, Ran X, Qu H, He L, Zhao Y. The time-stamped effects of screen exposure on food intake in adults: A meta-analysis of experimental studies. Appetite 2025; 206:107846. [PMID: 39753153 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 12/31/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine time-stamped impacts of screen exposure on food intake among healthy adults. METHODS Four electronic databases were searched up to August 31, 2024, including ProQuest, PubMed, Web of Science and Embase. A meta-analysis of inverse variance was used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) in food intake between watching and not watching screen groups, and groups with different screen contents (e.g., food cues). RESULTS 23 experimental studies with 1894 participants were included. Watching screen (vs. not watching group, SMD: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.26; I2 = 42%; p 0.01) significantly increased food intake, while the impact of the contents, including food cues, weight control cues and TV conditions, displayed on screens on food intake was not significantly different. Subgroup analysis revealed that food intake increased significantly with exposure to screens in females (SMD: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.35; I2 = 25%; p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Adults especially females eat more while watching screen, whatever the screen content displayed on the screen. Given the influence of study designs, more within-subject studies with high quality were required to understand the intricate relationship between screen exposure and food intake, ultimately managing promoting healthier dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bai
- College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Hao Zhu
- College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Xiaowen Ran
- College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Haiyan Qu
- Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, SHPB 580D, 1716 9th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-1212, USA.
| | - Li He
- College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Yang Zhao
- Health Services & Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 169857 Singapore, Singapore.
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Kim Y, Oh H. Food-Related Online Media (Mukbang and Cookbang) Exposure and Dietary Risk Behaviors in Korean Adolescents. J Nutr 2024; 154:2807-2817. [PMID: 38992471 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that prolonged smartphone use is associated with dietary risk behaviors among adolescents. However, little is known about whether the exposure to food-related online media contents, such as mukbang (eating broadcast) and cookbang (cooking broadcast), is associated with unhealthy dietary behaviors, independent of overall duration of smartphone use. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the associations between the frequency of mukbang/cookbang watching and dietary risk behaviors among Korean adolescents, using nationally representative survey data. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we examined the data from 50,044 middle and high school students in the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2022. Participants reported their frequency of mukbang/cookbang watching, mean duration of smartphone use, frequency of breakfast eating, frequency of nighttime eating, and intakes of fast foods, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and high-caffeine drinks. We performed multivariable logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between mukbang/cookbang watching and dietary risk behaviors, accounting for complex survey sampling and adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Frequent mukbang/cookbang watching (≥5 times/wk compared with never) was positively associated with dietary risk behaviors, including frequent breakfast skipping (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.28), frequent nighttime eating (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.33, 1.54), and frequent intakes of fast foods (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.58, 1.80), SSBs (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.30, 1.66), and high-caffeine drinks (OR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.33, 1.50), adjusting for duration of smartphone use. All mukbang/cookbang viewers, including those who perceived that mukbang/cookbang videos had "no influence" on their dietary behavior, had higher prevalence of dietary risk behaviors than nonviewers (perceived "no influence" compared with nonviewers-OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.26, breakfast skipping; OR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.24, nighttime eating; OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.30, 1.50, fast foods; OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.38, SSBs; OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.37, high-caffeine drinks). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that frequent mukbang/cookbang watching may be associated with unhealthy dietary behaviors among Korean adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hannah Oh
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Joo MJ, Kim DB, Ko J, Lim JH, Park EC, Shin J. Association between watching eating shows and unhealthy food consumption in Korean adolescents. Nutr J 2024; 23:58. [PMID: 38835025 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00961-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating habits formed during adolescence greatly influence the maintenance of health in adulthood. With the recent development of social media and easy access to the Internet, adolescents watch plenty of food videos, particularly Mukbang and Cookbnag(eating show)content. This media genre's impact on food choices has been covered in several studies; however, studies on unhealthy eating habits directly related to adolescents' exposure to eating shows are insufficient. METHODS For this study, we used data from the 18th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey conducted in 2022 and finalized 50,451 participants. The extent of exposure to eating show media over the course of a week, as well as the consumption of fast food, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and high caffeinated beverages within that week were measured through self-reporting questionnaires. We classified the participants into two groups based on their frequency of watching eating shows. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between eating show and unhealthy food consumption. RESULTS For both males and females, eating show exposure was strongly associated with the consumption of fast food (male: OR:1.37, 95% CI:1.26-1.49; female: OR:1.46, 95% CI:1.36-1.57), SSB (male: OR:1.42, 95% CI:1.26-1.60; female: OR:1.51, 95% CI:1.35-1.70), and high caffeinated beverage (male: OR:1.30, 95% CI:1.23-1.37; female: OR:1.24, 95% CI:1.18-1.31). It was observed that both sexes were more likely to frequently eat unhealthy food than students who did not watch eating shows. CONCLUSION Among Korean adolescents, students exposed to eating shows, which primarily aim to entertain, were more likely to consume fast food, SSBs, and high caffeinated beverages. Therefore, this study's findings suggest that eating show could influence adolescents' food choices, highlighting the need for interest in emerging cultures and corresponding health policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Joo
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dan Bi Kim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Ko
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyeok Lim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-to, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyong Shin
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-to, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Pereira-Castro MR, Pinto AG, Caixeta TR, Monteiro RA, Bermúdez XPD, Mendonça AVM. Digital Forms of Commensality in the 21st Century: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16734. [PMID: 36554616 PMCID: PMC9779162 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The social act of eating together has been influenced and mediated by technologies in recent decades. This phenomenon has been investigated in different academic fields, but the topic is still in an incipient dimension, and there is a lack of consensus regarding terminology and definitions. The study aimed to characterize the main scientific findings regarding digital forms of commensality in the 21st century and to identify possible relationships between these practices and public health. A scoping review was conducted to identify papers published in different languages between 2001 and 2021. A total of 104 publications that combined commensality and technology in all contexts were included. Most studies were qualitative; from the Design and Technology field; used social media and video platforms or prototypes/augmented reality gadgets; and used different terms to refer to digital forms of commensality, allowing the analysis of the construction of field definitions over time. The intersections with health were observed from impacts on family/community engagement, culinary skills development, and mental health and eating habits. These practices also structured specific social interactions, such as virtual food communities and commensality, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper indicates the consistent growth of these practices and recommends the development of future research for theoretically and longitudinally deeper evaluations of the impacts of these new ways of eating together, especially regarding their effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maína Ribeiro Pereira-Castro
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
- Study Group in Communication, Culture, Technology, and Food—COMTELA, School of Education and Health Sciences, University Center of Brasília, Brasília 70790-075, Brazil
| | - Adriano Gomes Pinto
- Study Group in Communication, Culture, Technology, and Food—COMTELA, School of Education and Health Sciences, University Center of Brasília, Brasília 70790-075, Brazil
| | - Tamila Raposo Caixeta
- Residency Program in Public Health Policy Management, Fiocruz School of Government, Fiocruz, Brasília 70904-130, Brazil
| | - Renata Alves Monteiro
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
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Kim DM, Kim BM, Kim KH. The Mediating Effects of Food Content Watching Motivation on the between Watching Time and Nutrition Quotient of Adolescents in Seoul, Korea. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193901. [PMID: 36235554 PMCID: PMC9572136 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Food-related content varies widely and is increasingly popular. Using various media, teenagers can easily access food content, which could affect they eating habits. This study was conducted to confirm the effects of watching motivation on the relationship between food content watching time and eating habits among adolescents in Seoul, Korea. Exactly 806 participants were surveyed about their food content watching status, including watching time and watching motivation. The Nutrition Quotient for adolescents (NQ-A) questionnaire was used to confirm eating habits. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to classify watching motivation’s subfactors. A parallel multimedia model was used to analyze the effect of watching motivation on the relationship between food content watching time and eating habits. As a result of this study, following the factor analysis, watching motivation was classified into information acquisition, emotional satisfaction, and enjoyment. The influence of food content watching time on NQ-A scores through information acquisition motivation was positively significant, whereas that through emotional satisfaction motivation was negatively significant. Enjoyment motivation did not indirectly affect the relationship between food content watching time and NQ-A scores. Hence, attention should be paid to these mediating factors when analyzing the relationship between watching food-related content and eating habits. Developing and distributing content that meets viewing motivations should help improve adolescents’ eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-901-8591; Fax: +82-2-901-8372
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Wang JY, Kubota S, Inoue T. Effects of Meal Similarity on Interpersonal Synchronization in Three-Party Remote Dining. FRONTIERS IN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2022.838229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, online commensality, such as remote dining, has become a way to connect people in different places. In remote dining, people have drinks, snacks, or meals while chatting with each other via video calls and seek connectedness and belonging. However, many people feel that there is a gap between real-life and digital co-eating and that interaction in current remote dining fails to satisfy the need for companionship. Unlike real-life co-eating, in remote dining, one's meal may not be similar to that of a partner's because people usually prepare their own food separately. In this study, we focused on the effects of meal similarity on interpersonal synchronization and subjective feelings. We conducted a laboratory-based remote dining experiment and video analysis to investigate whether eating similar meals in remote conditions has any effect on eating behavior and to explore the relationship between meal similarity, interpersonal synchronization, and subjective feelings. The results showed that participants ate at a faster pace and conducted eating actions more frequently. They were more synchronized with their partners, and the feeling of togetherness was stronger. Thus, we suggest that preparing similar meals or ordering the same dishes can enhance the remote dining experience.
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Power of presence: Effects of physical or digital commensality on consumer perception and acceptance of meals. Food Qual Prefer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2022.104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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