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Ithnin M, Othman A, Tahir NIM, Banisetti KB, Abd Halim MA, Rajesh MK. Oil Palm: Genome Designing for Improved Nutritional Quality. COMPENDIUM OF CROP GENOME DESIGNING FOR NUTRACEUTICALS 2023:1-41. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-3627-2_22-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Khan FS, Goher F, Zhang D, Shi P, Li Z, Htwe YM, Wang Y. Is CRISPR/Cas9 a way forward to fast-track genetic improvement in commercial palms? Prospects and limits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1042828. [PMID: 36578341 PMCID: PMC9791139 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1042828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Commercially important palms (oil palm, coconut, and date palm) are widely grown perennial trees with tremendous commercial significance due to food, edible oil, and industrial applications. The mounting pressure on the human population further reinforces palms' importance, as they are essential crops to meet vegetable oil needs around the globe. Various conventional breeding methods are used for the genetic improvement of palms. However, adopting new technologies is crucial to accelerate breeding and satisfy the expanding population's demands. CRISPR/Cas9 is an efficient genome editing tool that can incorporate desired traits into the existing DNA of the plant without losing common traits. Recent progress in genome editing in oil palm, coconut and date palm are preliminarily introduced to potential readers. Furthermore, detailed information on available CRISPR-based genome editing and genetic transformation methods are summarized for researchers. We shed light on the possibilities of genome editing in palm crops, especially on the modification of fatty acid biosynthesis in oil palm. Moreover, the limitations in genome editing, including inadequate target gene screening due to genome complexities and low efficiency of genetic transformation, are also highlighted. The prospects of CRISPR/Cas9-based gene editing in commercial palms to improve sustainable production are also addressed in this review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Shafique Khan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions/Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Farhan Goher
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dapeng Zhang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions/Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions/Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Zhiying Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions/Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Yin Min Htwe
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions/Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions/Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Coconut Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, China
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Cruz Reina LJ, López GD, Durán-Aranguren DD, Quiroga I, Carazzone C, Sierra R. Compressed fluids and Soxhlet extraction for the valorization of compounds from Colombian cashew (Anacardium occidentale) nut shells aimed at a cosmetic application. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zhang Q, Jin YH, Zou JX, Zheng YS, Li DD. Characterization and functional analysis of the MADS-box EgAGL9 transcription factor from the mesocarp of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 321:111317. [PMID: 35696917 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of the most important oil crops in the world, and compared to all oil crops, it has the highest productive efficiency. In the present study, a MADS-box transcription factor of the AGAMOUS class, named EgAGL9, was identified by expression profile analysis in the different developmental stages of oil palm mesocarp. Real-time quantitative PCR results confirmed that the expression of EgAGL9 increased rapidly during the last stages of oil palm mesocarp development. Then, three downstream genes, including EgSAD (Stearoyl-ACP desaturase), EgTSA (Tryptophan synthase) and EgSDH (Succinate dehydrogenase), were screened by ChIP-Seq and data analysis. EMSA analysis verified that EgAGL9 interacted with the promoter regions of EgSAD, EgTSA and EgSDH. Moreover, the expression levels of EgSAD, EgTSA and EgSDH were downregulated in EgAGL9-overexpressing protoplasts and calli of oil palm. Compared to WT, the total lipid content and ratio of unsaturated fatty acids in transgenic calli (including oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid) were significantly decreased. Together, these results revealed that these three EgAGL9-regulated genes are involved in regulatory pathways in the oil palm mesocarp. Compared with previous studies, the present study provides a new research strategy for understanding of the molecular regulatory pathways of lipid metabolism in mesocarp of oil palm. The obtained results will bring a new perspective for a comprehensive understanding of the regulation of the metabolic accumulation in the oil palm mesocarp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- College of Tropical Crops, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yuan-Hang Jin
- College of Tropical Crops, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Ji-Xin Zou
- College of Tropical Crops, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China; Rubber Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), China
| | - Yu-Sheng Zheng
- College of Tropical Crops, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Dong-Dong Li
- College of Tropical Crops, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China.
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Li J, Yang Y, Sun X, Liu R, Xia W, Shi P, Zhou L, Wang Y, Wu Y, Lei X, Xiao Y. Development of Intron Polymorphism Markers and Their Association With Fatty Acid Component Variation in Oil Palm. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:885418. [PMID: 35720541 PMCID: PMC9201816 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.885418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a tropical woody oil crop of the palm family and is known as "the oil king of the world," but its palm oil contains about 50% palmitic acid, which is considered unhealthy for humans. Intron polymorphisms (IP) are highly efficient and easily examined molecular markers located adjacent to exon regions of functional genes, thus may be associated with targeted trait variation. In order to speed up the breeding of oil palm fatty acid composition, the current study identified a total of 310 introns located within 52 candidate genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis in the oil palm genome. Based on the intron sequences, 205 primer pairs were designed, 64 of which showed polymorphism among 70 oil palm individuals. Phenotypic variation of fatty acid content in the 70 oil palm individuals was also investigated. Association analysis revealed that 13 IP markers were significantly associated with fatty acid content variation, and these IP markers were located on chromosomes 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 10 of oil palm. The development of such IP markers may be useful for the genetic improvement of fatty acid composition in oil palm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Yaodong Yang
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Xiwei Sun
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Lixia Zhou
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
| | - Xintao Lei
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, China
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Murphy DJ, Goggin K, Paterson RRM. Oil palm in the 2020s and beyond: challenges and solutions. CABI AGRICULTURE AND BIOSCIENCE 2021; 2:39. [PMID: 34661165 PMCID: PMC8504560 DOI: 10.1186/s43170-021-00058-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oil palm, Elaeis guineensis, is by far the most important global oil crop, supplying about 40% of all traded vegetable oil. Palm oils are key dietary components consumed daily by over three billion people, mostly in Asia, and also have a wide range of important non-food uses including in cleansing and sanitizing products. MAIN BODY Oil palm is a perennial crop with a > 25-year life cycle and an exceptionally low land footprint compared to annual oilseed crops. Oil palm crops globally produce an annual 81 million tonnes (Mt) of oil from about 19 million hectares (Mha). In contrast, the second and third largest vegetable oil crops, soybean and rapeseed, yield a combined 84 Mt oil but occupy over 163 Mha of increasingly scarce arable land. The oil palm crop system faces many challenges in the 2020s. These include increasing incidence of new and existing pests/diseases and a general lack of climatic resilience, especially relating to elevated temperatures and increasingly erratic rainfall patterns, plus downstream issues relating to supply chains and consumer sentiment. This review surveys the oil palm sector in the 2020s and beyond, its major challenges and options for future progress. CONCLUSIONS Oil palm crop production faces many future challenges, including emerging threats from climate change and pests and diseases. The inevitability of climate change requires more effective international collaboration for its reduction. New breeding and management approaches are providing the promise of improvements, such as much higher yielding varieties, improved oil profiles, enhanced disease resistance, and greater climatic resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis J. Murphy
- School of Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT UK
| | - Kirstie Goggin
- School of Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT UK
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cardiff, CF10 3NB Cardiff, UK
| | - R. Russell M. Paterson
- CEB-Centre of Biological Engineering, Gualtar Campus, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E. Malaysia
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Yue GH, Ye BQ, Lee M. Molecular approaches for improving oil palm for oil. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2021; 41:22. [PMID: 37309424 PMCID: PMC10236033 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-021-01218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The oil palm, originating from Africa, is the most productive oil crop species. Palm oil is an important source of edible oil. Its current global plantation area is over 23 million ha. The theoretical oil yield potential of the oil palm is 18.2 tons/ha/year. However, current average oil yield is only 3.8 tons/ha/year. In the past 100 years, conventional breeding and improvement of field management played important roles in increasing oil yield. However, conventional breeding for trait improvement was limited by its very long (10-20 years) phenotypic selection cycle, although it improved oil yield by ~10-20% per generation. Molecular breeding using novel molecular technologies will accelerate genetic improvement and may reduce the need to deforest and to use arable land for expanding oil palm plantations, which in turn makes palm oil more sustainable. Here, we comprehensively synthesize information from relevant literature of the technologies, achievements, and challenges of molecular approaches, including tissue culture, haploid breeding, mutation breeding, marker-assisted selection (MAS), genomic selection (GS), and genome editing (GE). We propose the characteristics of ideal palms and suggest a road map to breed ideal palms for sustainable palm oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Hua Yue
- Molecular Population Genetics and Breeding Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604 Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 6 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551 Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543 Singapore
| | - Bao Qing Ye
- Molecular Population Genetics and Breeding Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604 Singapore
| | - May Lee
- Molecular Population Genetics and Breeding Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604 Singapore
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