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Nassarawa IS, Li Z, Xue L, Li H, Muhammad U, Zhu S, Chen J, Zhao T. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Zinc Sulfate Alleviate Boron Toxicity in Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1184. [PMID: 38732398 PMCID: PMC11085453 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Boron toxicity significantly hinders the growth and development of cotton plants, therefore affecting the yield and quality of this important cash crop worldwide. Limited studies have explored the efficacy of ZnSO4 (zinc sulfate) and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) in alleviating boron toxicity. Nanoparticles have emerged as a novel strategy to reduce abiotic stress directly. The precise mechanism underlying the alleviation of boron toxicity by ZnO NPs in cotton remains unclear. In this study, ZnO NPs demonstrated superior potential for alleviating boron toxicity compared to ZnSO4 in hydroponically cultivated cotton seedlings. Under boron stress, plants supplemented with ZnO NPs exhibited significant increases in total fresh weight (75.97%), root fresh weight (39.64%), and leaf fresh weight (69.91%). ZnO NPs positively affected photosynthetic parameters and SPAD values. ZnO NPs substantially reduced H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) by 27.87% and 32.26%, MDA (malondialdehyde) by 27.01% and 34.26%, and O2- (superoxide anion) by 41.64% and 48.70% after 24 and 72 h, respectively. The application of ZnO NPs increased the antioxidant activities of SOD (superoxide dismutase) by 82.09% and 76.52%, CAT (catalase) by 16.79% and 16.33%, and POD (peroxidase) by 23.77% and 21.66% after 24 and 72 h, respectively. ZnO NP and ZnSO4 application demonstrated remarkable efficiency in improving plant biomass, mineral nutrient content, and reducing boron levels in cotton seedlings under boron toxicity. A transcriptome analysis and corresponding verification revealed a significant up-regulation of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, photosynthesis pathway, and ABC transporter genes with the application of ZnO NPs. These findings provide valuable insights for the mechanism of boron stress tolerance in cotton and provide a theoretical basis for applying ZnO NPs and ZnSO4 to reduce boron toxicity in cotton production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Sanusi Nassarawa
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.N.); (L.X.); (H.L.); (U.M.); (S.Z.)
| | - Zhuolin Li
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China;
| | - Longshuo Xue
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.N.); (L.X.); (H.L.); (U.M.); (S.Z.)
| | - Huazu Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.N.); (L.X.); (H.L.); (U.M.); (S.Z.)
| | - Uzair Muhammad
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.N.); (L.X.); (H.L.); (U.M.); (S.Z.)
| | - Shuijin Zhu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.N.); (L.X.); (H.L.); (U.M.); (S.Z.)
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China;
| | - Jinhong Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.N.); (L.X.); (H.L.); (U.M.); (S.Z.)
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China;
| | - Tianlun Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (I.S.N.); (L.X.); (H.L.); (U.M.); (S.Z.)
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China;
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Maier CR, Chavan SG, Klause N, Liang W, Cazzonelli CI, Ghannoum O, Chen ZH, Tissue DT. Light blocking film in a glasshouse impacts Capsicum annuum L. yield differentially across planting season. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1277037. [PMID: 38179477 PMCID: PMC10766360 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1277037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
High energy costs are a barrier to producing high-quality produce at protected cropping facilities. A potential solution to mitigate high energy costs is film technology, which blocks heat-producing radiation; however, the alteration of the light environment by these films may impact crop yield and quality. Previous studies have assessed the impact of ULR 80 [i.e., light-blocking film (LBF)] on crop yield and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR); however, an assessment of the spectral environment over different seasons is important to understand potential crop impacts through different developmental phases. In this study, two varieties (red and orange) of Capsicum annuum were grown across two crop cycles: one cycle with primary crop growth in the autumn (i.e., autumn experiment [AE]) and the other with primary crop growth in the summer (i.e., summer experiment [SE]). LBF reduced PAR (roof level: 26%-30%, plant canopy level: 8%-25%) and net radiation (36%-66%). LBF also reduced total diffuse PAR (AE: 8%, SE: 15%), but the diffuse fraction of PAR increased by 7% and 9% for AE and SE, respectively, potentially resulting in differential light penetration throughout the canopy across treatments. LBF reduced near-infrared radiation (700 nm-2,500 nm), including far-red (700 nm-780 nm) at mid- and lower-canopy levels. LBF significantly altered light quantity and quality, which determined the amount of time that the crop grew under light-limited (<12 mol m-2 d-1) versus sufficient light conditions. In AE, crops were established and grown under light-limited conditions for 57% of the growing season, whereas in SE, crops were established and grown under sufficient light conditions for 66% of the growing season. Overall, LBF significantly reduced the yield in SE for both varieties (red: 29%; orange: 16%), but not in AE. The light changes in different seasons in response to LBF suggest that planting time is crucial for maximizing fruit yield when grown under a film that reduces light quantity. LBF may be unsuitable for year-round production of capsicum, and additional development of LBF is required for the film to be beneficial for saving energy during production and sustaining good crop yields in protected cropping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea R. Maier
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Sachin G. Chavan
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Norbert Klause
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Weiguang Liang
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher I. Cazzonelli
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Oula Ghannoum
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - David T. Tissue
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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Jalil S, Nazir MM, Al-Huqail AA, Ali B, Al-Qthanin RN, Asad MAU, Eweda MA, Zulfiqar F, Onursal N, Masood HA, Yong JWH, Jin X. Silicon nanoparticles alleviate cadmium toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by modulating the nutritional profile and triggering stress-responsive genetic mechanisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 268:115699. [PMID: 37979353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the physiological and molecular responses of rice genotype '9311' to Cd stress and the mitigating effects of silicon oxide nanoparticles (SiO NPs). Cd exposure severely hindered plant growth, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, and Cd accumulation. However, SiO NPs supplementation, particularly the SiONP100 treatment, significantly alleviated Cd-induced toxicity, mitigating the adverse effects on plant growth while maintaining chlorophyll content and photosynthetic attributes. The SiONP100 treatment also reduced Cd accumulation, indicating a preference for Si uptake in genotype 9311. Complex interactions among Cd, Si, Mg, Ca, and K were uncovered, with fluctuations in MDA and H2O2 contents. Distinct morphological changes in stomatal aperture and mesophyll cell structures were observed, including changes in starch granules, grana thylakoids, and osmophilic plastoglobuli. Moreover, following SiONP100 supplementation, genotype 9311 increased peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities by 56%, 44%, and 53% in shoots and 62%, 49%, and 65% in roots, respectively, indicating a robust defense mechanism against Cd stress. Notably, OsNramp5, OsHMA3, OsSOD-Cu/Zn, OsCATA, OsCATB, and OsAPX1 showed significant expression after SiO NPs treatment, suggesting potential Cd translocation within rice tissues. Overall, SiO NPs supplementation holds promise for enhancing Cd tolerance in rice plants while maintaining essential physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaullah Jalil
- The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | | | - Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Rahmah N Al-Qthanin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Prince Sultan Bin Abdelaziz for Environmental Research and Natural Resources Sustainability Center, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad A U Asad
- The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mohamed A Eweda
- The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Plant Production Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, The City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, SRTA-City, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Nilgün Onursal
- Faculty of Education, Department of Science Education, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Hafiza Ayesha Masood
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan; MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 23456 Alnarp, Sweden.
| | - Xiaoli Jin
- The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Sommer SG, Castro-Alves V, Hyötyläinen T, Strid Å, Rosenqvist E. The light spectrum differentially influences morphology, physiology and metabolism of Chrysanthemum × morifolium without affecting biomass accumulation. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14080. [PMID: 38148199 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The development of light emitting diodes (LED) gives new possibilities to use the light spectrum to manipulate plant morphology and physiology in plant production and research. Here, vegetative Chrysanthemum × morifolium were grown at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 230 μmol m-2 s-1 under monochromatic blue, cyan, green, and red, and polychromatic red:blue or white light with the objective to investigate the effect on plant morphology, gas exchange and metabolic profile. After 33 days of growth, branching and leaf number increased from blue to red light, while area per leaf, leaf weight fraction, flavonol index, and stomatal density and conductance decreased, while dry matter production was mostly unaffected. Plants grown under red light had decreased photosynthesis performance compared with blue or white light-grown plants. The primary and secondary metabolites, such as organic acids, amino acids and phenylpropanoids (measured by non-targeted metabolomics of polar metabolites), were regulated differently under the different light qualities. Specifically, the levels of reduced ascorbic acid and its oxidation products, and the total ascorbate pool, were significantly different between blue light-grown plants and plants grown under white or red:blue light, which imply photosynthesis-driven alterations in oxidative pressure under different light regimens. The overall differences in plant phenotype, inflicted by blue, red:blue or red light, are probably due to a shift in balance between regulatory pathways controlled by blue light receptors and/or phytochrome. Although morphology, physiology, and metabolism differed substantially between plants grown under different qualities of light, these changes had limited effects on biomass accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Gjedde Sommer
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Crop Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Victor Castro-Alves
- School of Science and Technology, MTM Research Center, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- School of Science and Technology, MTM Research Center, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Åke Strid
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro Life Science Centre, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Eva Rosenqvist
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Crop Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
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Kelly G, Yaaran A, Gal A, Egbaria A, Brandsma D, Belausov E, Wolf D, David-Schwartz R, Granot D, Eyal Y, Carmi N, Sade N. Guard cell activity of PIF4 and HY5 control transpiration. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 328:111583. [PMID: 36608874 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Whole-plant transpiration, controlled by plant hydraulics and stomatal movement, is regulated by endogenous and environmental signals, with the light playing a dominant role. Stomatal pore size continuously adjusts to changes in light intensity and quality to ensure optimal CO2 intake for photosynthesis on the one hand, together with minimal water loss on the other. The link between light and transpiration is well established, but the genetic knowledge of how guard cells perceive those signals to affect stomatal conductance is still somewhat limited. In the current study, we evaluated the role of two central light-responsive transcription factors; a bZIP-family transcription factor ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) and the basic helix-loop-helix (BHLH) transcription factor PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4), in the regulation of steady-state transpiration. We show that overexpression of PIF4 exclusively in guard cells (GCPIF4) decreases transpiration, and can restrain the high transpiration of the pif4 mutant. Expression of HY5 specifically in guard cells (GCHY5) had the opposite effect of enhancing transpiration rates of WT- Arabidopsis and tobacco plants and of the hy5 mutant in Arabidopsis. In addition, we show that GCHY5 can reverse the low transpiration caused by guard cell overexpression of the sugar sensor HEXOKINASE1 (HXK1, GCHXK), an established low transpiring genotype. Finally, we suggest that the GCHY5 reversion of low transpiration by GCHXK requires the auto-activation of the endogenous HY5 in other tissues. These findings support the existence of an ongoing diurnal regulation of transpiration by the light-responsive transcription factors HY5 and PIF4 in the stomata, which ultimately determine the whole-plant water use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilor Kelly
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Adi Yaaran
- School of Plant Science and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Atara Gal
- School of Plant Science and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Aiman Egbaria
- School of Plant Science and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Danja Brandsma
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Eduard Belausov
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Dalia Wolf
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Rakefet David-Schwartz
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - David Granot
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Yoram Eyal
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Nir Carmi
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Nir Sade
- School of Plant Science and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Yong MT, Babla M, Karan S, Katwal U, Jahandari S, Matta P, Chen ZH, Tao Z. Coal tailings as a soil conditioner: evaluation of tailing properties and effect on tomato plants. PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2022; 98:439-450. [PMID: 35892116 PMCID: PMC9302870 DOI: 10.1007/s10725-022-00870-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The global coal industry yields a vast amount of tailings waste, and the utilisation of these tailings necessitates innovative efforts contributing to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. One of such novel initiatives is to reuse coal tailings (CT) safely, ecofriendly, and cost-effectively in agroecosystems as a soil conditioner to enhance the productivity of lands. This study aimed to evaluate the potential utilisation of coal tailings waste in the soil amelioration to improve plant performance. The physico-chemical characteristics of coal tailings from two Australian mining sites (CT1 and CT2) showed that the tailings samples are alkaline with loamy and loamy sand textures, respectively. The tailings have ~ 3% of macronutrients, high carbon (C), and low heavy metals and metalloids (As, Cd, Se, Cu, Zn, and Pb). The germination rate of tomato seeds was improved in the low-rate CT treatment. Greenhouse tomato plants exhibited an increase in leaf's K, Ca, and Mg contents in CT1 and CT2 treatments. More importantly, the CT treatment-induced accumulation of heavy metals in plants was mostly insignificant in both CT treatments. Therefore, we highlight the potential application of coal tailings as a soil conditioner because of the beneficial effect of improved carbon and nutrients (N, P, K, Mg, and Ca) in tomato leaves. Further amendment of the coal tailings should focus on the adjustment of pH and the addition of other beneficial materials for the improvement of soil properties for crops in both the greenhouse and the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miing-Tiem Yong
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Mohammad Babla
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Shawan Karan
- Technical Support Services and Mass Spectrometry Facility, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560 Australia
| | - Utsab Katwal
- Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Soheil Jahandari
- Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Pushpinder Matta
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Zhong Tao
- Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
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Nguyen TKL, Oh MM. Growth and Biochemical Responses of Green and Red Perilla Supplementally Subjected to UV-A and Deep-blue LED Lights. Photochem Photobiol 2022; 98:1332-1342. [PMID: 35286711 DOI: 10.1111/php.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of UV-A and UV-A-closed visible light [deep-blue (DB)] on the growth and bioactive compound accumulation of green and red perilla. Four-week-old seedlings were cultivated in an environment control room under visible light with red, blue and white LEDs for 4 weeks and then were continuously grown under supplemental UV-A (365 nm and 385 nm) and DB (415 nm and 430 nm) lights for 7 days. UV-A and DB treatments did not enhance the growth characteristics of green perilla compared to the control; while these treatments enhanced the growth parameters of red perilla, and the values were highest in DB 415 nm. The photosynthesis rate of both cultivars showed similar trends as the growth results of each cultivar. The electron transport rate and maximum quantum yield of both cultivars were reduced under UV-A 365 nm, while these values were maintained in DB treatments. In both cultivars, total phenolic, antioxidant capacity, rosmarinic and caffeic acids, and perillaldehyde levels were enhanced in DB treatments, whereas UV-A 365 nm and DB 415 nm increased the total anthocyanin content. Overall, supplemental DB 415 nm and 430 nm was suitable for improving the growth and biochemical accumulation of both perilla cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kim Loan Nguyen
- Division of Animal, Horticultural and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.,Center for Bio-Health Industry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Min Oh
- Division of Animal, Horticultural and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.,Center for Bio-Health Industry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
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Trojak M, Skowron E, Sobala T, Kocurek M, Pałyga J. Effects of partial replacement of red by green light in the growth spectrum on photomorphogenesis and photosynthesis in tomato plants. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 151:295-312. [PMID: 34580802 PMCID: PMC8940809 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The artificial light used in growth chambers is usually devoid of green (G) light, which is considered to be less photosynthetically efficient than blue (B) or red (R) light. To verify the role of G light supplementation in the spectrum, we modified the RB spectrum by progressively replacing R light with an equal amount of G light. The tomato plants were cultivated under 100 µmol m-2 s-1 of five different combinations of R (35-75%) and G light (0-40%) in the presence of a fixed proportion of B light (25%) provided by light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Substituting G light for R altered the plant's morphology and partitioning of biomass. We observed a decrease in the dry biomass of leaves, which was associated with increased biomass accumulation and the length of the roots. Moreover, plants previously grown under the RGB spectrum more efficiently utilized the B light that was applied to assess the effective quantum yield of photosystem II, as well as the G light when estimated with CO2 fixation using RB + G light-response curves. At the same time, the inclusion of G light in the growth spectrum reduced stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E) and altered stomatal traits, thus improving water-use efficiency. Besides this, the increasing contribution of G light in place of R light in the growth spectrum resulted in the progressive accumulation of phytochrome interacting factor 5, along with a lowered level of chalcone synthase and anthocyanins. However, the plants grown at 40% G light exhibited a decreased net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and consequently, a reduced dry biomass accumulation, accompanied by morphological and molecular traits related to shade-avoidance syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Trojak
- Department of Medical Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland.
| | - Ernest Skowron
- Department of Environmental Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sobala
- Department of Environmental Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Maciej Kocurek
- Department of Environmental Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Jan Pałyga
- Department of Medical Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
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Kang C, Zhang Y, Cheng R, Kaiser E, Yang Q, Li T. Acclimating Cucumber Plants to Blue Supplemental Light Promotes Growth in Full Sunlight. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:782465. [PMID: 34912362 PMCID: PMC8668241 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.782465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Raising young plants is important for modern greenhouse production. Upon transfer from the raising to the production environment, young plants should maximize light use efficiency while minimizing deleterious effects associated with exposure to high light (HL) intensity. The light spectrum may be used to establish desired traits, but how plants acclimated to a given spectrum respond to HL intensity exposure is less well explored. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seedlings were grown in a greenhouse in low-intensity sunlight (control; ∼2.7 mol photons m-2 day-1) and were treated with white, red, blue, or green supplemental light (4.3 mol photons m-2 day-1) for 10 days. Photosynthetic capacity was highest in leaves treated with blue light, followed by white, red, and green, and was positively correlated with leaf thickness, nitrogen, and chlorophyll concentration. Acclimation to different spectra did not affect the rate of photosynthetic induction, but leaves grown under blue light showed faster induction and relaxation of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) under alternating HL and LL intensity. Blue-light-acclimated leaves showed reduced photoinhibition after HL intensity exposure, as indicated by a high maximum quantum yield of photosystem II photochemistry (F v /F m ). Although plants grown under different supplemental light spectra for 10 days had similar shoot biomass, blue-light-grown plants (B-grown plants) showed a more compact morphology with smaller leaf areas and shorter stems. However, after subsequent, week-long exposure to full sunlight (10.7 mol photons m-2 day-1), B-grown plants showed similar leaf area and 15% higher shoot biomass, compared to plants that had been acclimated to other spectra. The faster growth rate in blue-light-acclimated plants compared to other plants was mainly due to a higher photosynthetic capacity and highly regulated NPQ performance under intermittent high solar light. Acclimation to blue supplemental light can improve light use efficiency and diminish photoinhibition under high solar light exposure, which can benefit plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenqian Kang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Ruifeng Cheng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Elias Kaiser
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Qichang Yang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Sagonda T, Adil MF, Sehar S, Rasheed A, Joan HI, Ouyang Y, Shamsi IH. Physio-ultrastructural footprints and iTRAQ-based proteomic approach unravel the role of Piriformospora indica-colonization in counteracting cadmium toxicity in rice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 220:112390. [PMID: 34098428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to its immense capability to concentrate in rice grain and ultimately in food chain, cadmium (Cd) has become the cause of an elevated concern among agriculturists, scientists and the environmental activists. Symbiotic association of Piriformospora indica (P. indica) has been characterized as a potential aid in combating heavy metal stress in plants for sustainable crop production but our scant knowledge regarding ameliorative tendency of P. indica against Cd, specifically in rice, necessitates an in-depth investigation. This study aimed at elaborating the underlying mechanisms involved in P. indica-mediated tolerance against Cd stress in two rice genotypes, IR8 and ZX1H, varying in Cd accumulation pattern. Either colonized or un-inoculated with P. indica, seedlings of both genotypes were subjected to Cd stress. The results showed that P. indica colonization significantly supported plant biomass, photosynthetic attributes and chlorophyll contents in Cd stressed plants. P. indica colonization sustained chloroplast integrity and reduced Cd translocation (46% and 64%), significantly lowering malondialdehyde (MDA) content (11.3% and 50.4%) compared to uninoculated roots under Cd stress in IR8 and ZX1H, respectively. A genotypic difference was evident when a 2-fold enhancement in root peroxidase (POD) activity was recorded in P. indica colonized IR8 plants as compared to ZX1H. The root proteomic analysis was performed using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and the results showed that P. indica alleviates Cd stress in rice via down-regulation of key glycolysis cycle enzymes in a bid to reduce energy consumption by the plants and possibly re-directing it to Cd defense response pathways; and up-regulation of glutamine synthetase, a key enzyme in the L-Arg-dependent pathway for nitric oxide (NO) production, which acts as a stress signaling molecule, thus conferring tolerance by reduction of NO-mediated modification of essential proteins in response to Cd stress. Conclusively, both the tested genotypes benefited from P. indica symbiosis at varying levels by an enhanced detoxification capacity and signaling efficiency in response to stress. Hence, a step forward towards the employment of an environmentally sound and self-renewing approach holding the hope for a healthy future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tichaona Sagonda
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Muhammad Faheem Adil
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shafaque Sehar
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Adeela Rasheed
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Heren Issaka Joan
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Younan Ouyang
- China National Rice Research Institute (CNRRI), Fuyang 311400, PR China
| | - Imran Haider Shamsi
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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11
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Izzo LG, Mickens MA, Aronne G, Gómez C. Spectral effects of blue and red light on growth, anatomy, and physiology of lettuce. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:2191-2202. [PMID: 33715155 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing spectral effects of blue and red light ratios on plants could help expand our understanding of factors that regulate growth and development, which is becoming increasingly important as narrowband light-emitting diodes become common for sole-source lighting. Herein we report growth, physiological, and anatomical responses of two lettuce cultivars grown indoors under various blue and red ratios including monochromatic treatments. When used in combination with red, increasing the proportion of blue light generally reduced growth but increased chloroplast abundance and single-leaf photosynthetic efficiency. However, when used as single wavebands, both blue and red light increased leaf area and epidermal cell area, but reduced root dry mass, SPAD index, stomatal density, and leaf thickness compared to dichromatic light. In addition, chloroplast abundance and single-leaf physiological responses were higher in plants grown under monochromatic blue compared to red light, but the opposite trend was measured for shoot biomass. Our results show that spectral effects on morpho-anatomical leaf responses can largely influence plant growth and single-leaf physiological responses. However, a significant blue light reduction in radiation capture ultimately limits growth and productivity of lettuce plants when dichromatic blue and red light is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Gennaro Izzo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Aronne
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Celina Gómez
- Environmental Horticulture Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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12
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Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as Agricultural Lighting: Impact and Its Potential on Improving Physiology, Flowering, and Secondary Metabolites of Crops. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13041985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A reduction in crop productivity in cultivable land and challenging environmental factors have directed advancement in indoor cultivation systems, such that the yield parameters are higher in outdoor cultivation systems. In wake of this situation, light emitting diode (LED) lighting has proved to be promising in the field of agricultural lighting. Properties such as energy efficiency, long lifetime, photon flux efficacy and flexibility in application make LEDs better suited for future agricultural lighting systems over traditional lighting systems. Different LED spectrums have varied effects on the morphogenesis and photosynthetic responses in plants. LEDs have a profound effect on plant growth and development and also control key physiological processes such as phototropism, the immigration of chloroplasts, day/night period control and the opening/closing of stomata. Moreover, the synthesis of bioactive compounds and antioxidants on exposure to LED spectrum also provides information on the possible regulation of antioxidative defense genes to protect the cells from oxidative damage. Similarly, LEDs are also seen to escalate the nutrient metabolism in plants and flower initiation, thus improving the quality of the crops as well. However, the complete management of the irradiance and wavelength is the key to maximize the economic efficacy of crop production, quality, and the nutrition potential of plants grown in controlled environments. This review aims to summarize the various advancements made in the area of LED technology in agriculture, focusing on key processes such as morphological changes, photosynthetic activity, nutrient metabolism, antioxidant capacity and flowering in plants. Emphasis is also made on the variation in activities of different LED spectra between different plant species. In addition, research gaps and future perspectives are also discussed of this emerging multidisciplinary field of research and its development.
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13
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Nguyen TKL, Oh MM. Physiological and biochemical responses of green and red perilla to LED-based light. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:240-252. [PMID: 33460178 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are widely used in closed-type plant production systems to improve biomass and accumulate bioactive compounds in plants. Perilla has been commonly used as herbal medicine because of its health-promoting effects. This study aimed to investigate the physiological and biochemical responses of green and red perilla under various visible-light spectra. RESULTS Results showed that red (R) LEDs improved fresh weights of shoots and roots, plant height, internode length, node number and leaf area, as well as photosynthetic rate of green and red perilla plants compared to blue (B) LEDs and RB combined LEDs. Meanwhile, B resulted in higher stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and Fv/Fm compared to R. Supplementation of green (G) and far-red (FR) did not enhance perilla growth. Reduction or absence of B decreased leaf thickness, adaxial and abaxial epidermis, and palisade and spongy mesophyll. Total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, rosmarinic acid content and caffeic acid content of green perilla were higher under R, R8B2 and RGB + FR, while greater values were obtained in red perilla under R. Accumulation of perillaldehyde, luteolin and apigenin presented different trends from those of rosmarinic and caffeic acids in both cultivars. CONCLUSIONS Growth and accumulation of bioactive compounds in green perilla were greater than in red perilla under similar light quality, and R LEDs or a higher R ratio in combination treatments were suitable for cultivating high-quality green and red perilla plants in closed-type plant factories. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Kim Loan Nguyen
- Division of Animal, Horticultural and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Myung-Min Oh
- Division of Animal, Horticultural and Food Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
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14
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Appolloni E, Orsini F, Pennisi G, Gabarrell Durany X, Paucek I, Gianquinto G. Supplemental LED Lighting Effectively Enhances the Yield and Quality of Greenhouse Truss Tomato Production: Results of a Meta-Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:596927. [PMID: 33995427 PMCID: PMC8118716 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.596927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Intensive growing systems used for greenhouse tomato production, together with light interception by cladding materials or other devices, may induce intracanopy mutual shading and create suboptimal environmental conditions for plant growth. There are a large number of published peer-reviewed studies assessing the effects of supplemental light-emitting diode (LED) lighting on improving light distribution in plant canopies, increasing crop yields and producing qualitative traits. However, the research results are often contradictory, as the lighting parameters (e.g., photoperiod, intensity, and quality) and environmental conditions vary among conducted experiments. This research presents a global overview of supplemental LED lighting applications for greenhouse tomato production deepened by a meta-analysis aimed at answering the following research question: does supplemental LED lighting enhance the yield and qualitative traits of greenhouse truss tomato production? The meta-analysis was based on the differences among independent groups by comparing a control value (featuring either background solar light or solar + HPS light) with a treatment value (solar + supplemental LED light or solar + HPS + supplemental LED light, respectively) and included 31 published papers and 100 total observations. The meta-analysis results revealed the statistically significant positive effects (p-value < 0.001) of supplemental LED lighting on enhancing the yield (+40%), soluble solid (+6%) and ascorbic acid (+11%) contents, leaf chlorophyll content (+31%), photosynthetic capacity (+50%), and leaf area (+9%) compared to the control conditions. In contrast, supplemental LED lighting did not show a statistically significant effect on the leaf stomatal conductance (p-value = 0.171). In conclusion, in addition to some partial inconsistencies among the considered studies, the present research enables us to assert that supplemental LED lighting ameliorates the quantitative and qualitative aspects of greenhouse tomato production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Appolloni
- DISTAL – Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Orsini
- DISTAL – Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesco Orsini
| | - Giuseppina Pennisi
- DISTAL – Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Xavier Gabarrell Durany
- María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence, Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivan Paucek
- DISTAL – Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gianquinto
- DISTAL – Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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15
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Adil MF, Sehar S, Han Z, Wa Lwalaba JL, Jilani G, Zeng F, Chen ZH, Shamsi IH. Zinc alleviates cadmium toxicity by modulating photosynthesis, ROS homeostasis, and cation flux kinetics in rice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114979. [PMID: 32585549 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding of cadmium (Cd) uptake mechanism and development of lower Cd crop genotypes are crucial for combating its phytotoxicity and meeting 70% increase in food demand by 2050. Bio-accumulation of Cd continuously challenges quality of life specifically in regions without adequate environmental planning. Here, we investigated the mechanisms operating in Cd tolerance of two rice genotypes (Heizhan-43 and Yinni-801). Damage to chlorophyll contents and PSII, histochemical staining and quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell viability and osmolyte accumulation were studied to decipher the interactions between Cd and zinc (Zn) by applying two Cd and two Zn levels (alone as well as combined). Cd2+ and Ca2+ fluxes were also measured by employing sole Cd100 (100 μmol L-1) and Zn50 (50 μmol L-1), and their combination with microelectrode ion flux estimation (MIFE) technique. Cd toxicity substantially reduced chlorophyll contents and maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) compared to control plants. Zn supplementation reverted the Cd-induced toxicity by augmenting osmoprotectants and interfering with ROS homeostasis under combined treatments, particularly in Yinni-801 genotype. Fluorescence microscopy indicated a unique pattern of live and dead root cells, depicting more damage with Cd10, Cd15 and Cd15+Zn50. Our results confer that Cd2+ impairs the uptake of Ca2+ whereas, Zn not only competes with Cd2+ but also Ca2+, thereby modifying ion homeostasis in rice plants. This study suggests that exogenous application of Zn is beneficial for rice plants in ameliorating Cd toxicity in a genotype and dose dependent manner by minimizing ROS generation and suppressing collective oxidative damage. The observations confer that Yinni-801 performed better than Heizhan-43 genotype mainly under combined Zn treatments with low-Cd, presenting Zn fortification as a solution to increase rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faheem Adil
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Shafaque Sehar
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Han
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jonas Lwalaba Wa Lwalaba
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ghulam Jilani
- Institute of Soil Science, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Fanrong Zeng
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Imran Haider Shamsi
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Chavan SG, Maier C, Alagoz Y, Filipe JC, Warren CR, Lin H, Jia B, Loik ME, Cazzonelli CI, Chen ZH, Ghannoum O, Tissue DT. Light‐limited photosynthesis under energy‐saving film decreases eggplant yield. Food Energy Secur 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin G. Chavan
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
| | - Chelsea Maier
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
| | - Yagiz Alagoz
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
| | - Joao C. Filipe
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch WA Australia
| | | | - Han Lin
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology Centre for Translational Atomaterials Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Vic. Australia
| | - Baohua Jia
- Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology Centre for Translational Atomaterials Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Vic. Australia
| | - Michael E. Loik
- Department of Environmental Studies University of California Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - Christopher I. Cazzonelli
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
| | - Zhonghua H. Chen
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
| | - Oula Ghannoum
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
| | - David T. Tissue
- National Vegetable Protected Cropping Centre Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney University Penrith NSW Australia
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17
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Babla M, Cai S, Chen G, Tissue DT, Cazzonelli CI, Chen ZH. Molecular Evolution and Interaction of Membrane Transport and Photoreception in Plants. Front Genet 2019; 10:956. [PMID: 31681411 PMCID: PMC6797626 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Light is a vital regulator that controls physiological and cellular responses to regulate plant growth, development, yield, and quality. Light is the driving force for electron and ion transport in the thylakoid membrane and other membranes of plant cells. In different plant species and cell types, light activates photoreceptors, thereby modulating plasma membrane transport. Plants maximize their growth and photosynthesis by facilitating the coordinated regulation of ion channels, pumps, and co-transporters across membranes to fine-tune nutrient uptake. The signal-transducing functions associated with membrane transporters, pumps, and channels impart a complex array of mechanisms to regulate plant responses to light. The identification of light responsive membrane transport components and understanding of their potential interaction with photoreceptors will elucidate how light-activated signaling pathways optimize plant growth, production, and nutrition to the prevailing environmental changes. This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying the physiological and molecular regulations of light-induced membrane transport and their potential interaction with photoreceptors in a plant evolutionary and nutrition context. It will shed new light on plant ecological conservation as well as agricultural production and crop quality, bringing potential nutrition and health benefits to humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Babla
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Shengguan Cai
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guang Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - David T. Tissue
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
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18
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Zhang Y, Kaiser E, Zhang Y, Yang Q, Li T. Red/blue light ratio strongly affects steady-state photosynthesis, but hardly affects photosynthetic induction in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 167:144-158. [PMID: 30426522 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plants are often subjected to rapidly alternating light intensity and quality. While both short- and long-term changes in red and blue light affect leaf photosynthesis, their impact on dynamic photosynthesis is not well documented. It was tested how dynamic and steady-state photosynthetic traits were affected by red/blue ratios, either during growth or during measurements, in tomato leaves. Four red/blue ratios were used: monochromatic red (R100 ), monochromatic blue (B100 ), a red/blue light ratio of 9:1 (R90 B10 ) and a red/blue light ratio of 7:3 (R70 B30 ). R100 grown leaves showed decreased photosynthetic capacity (maximum rates of light-saturated photosynthesis, carboxylation, electron transport and triose phosphate use), leaf thickness and nitrogen concentrations. Acclimation to various red/blue ratios had limited effects on photosynthetic induction in dark-adapted leaves. B100 -grown leaves had a approximately 15% larger initial NPQ transient than the other treatments, which may be beneficial for photoprotection under fluctuating light. B100 -grown leaves also showed faster stomatal closure when exposed to low light intensity, which likely resulted from smaller stomata and higher stomatal density. When measured under different red/blue ratios, stomatal opening rate and photosynthetic induction rate were hardly accelerated by increased fractions of blue light in both growth chamber-grown leaves and greenhouse-grown leaves. However, steady-state photosynthesis rate 30 min after photosynthetic induction was strongly reduced in leaves exposed to B100 during the measurement. We conclude that varying red/blue light ratios during growth and measurement strongly affects steady-state photosynthesis, but has limited effects on photosynthetic induction rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elias Kaiser
- Horticulture and Product Physiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Regulation of Photosynthesis, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yating Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Qichang Yang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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19
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Ajdanian L, Babaei M, Aroiee H. The growth and development of cress ( Lepidium sativum) affected by blue and red light. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02109. [PMID: 31388573 PMCID: PMC6667670 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, the use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) are rapidly increasing in horticulture industry as a result of technological advancements. Lighting systems play an important role in the commercial greenhouse productions. As an artificial source of light, LED lamps can contribute to the better and faster growth of horticulture products such as vegetables grown in greenhouses. In this study, the effects of red and blue light spectrums were implemented and performed as a pot experiment under the cultivation-without-soil condition in greenhouse based on a completely random plan with 3 lighting treatments including natural light (control), 60% red light +40% blue light (60R:40B), and 90% red light +10% blue light (90R:10B), repeated 3 times. The results showed that the application of blue and red lights affected the fresh and dry weights of cress as well as its biomass, demonstrating a considerable increase compared to the plants grown under natural sunlight condition. In this regard, the fresh weight of the plant under the 60R:40B treatment had 57.11% increase compared to the natural light treatment. Compared to the control sample, the dry weight had 26.06% increase under 90R:10B treatment. The highest extent of biomass was observed under the 60R:40B lighting treatment with a value of 1.51 (g per kg dry weight of the plant), which was a 68.87% increase compared to the natural light treatment. Under the 60R:40B treatment, cress had its highest length at 19.76 cm. Under the similar treatment, the cress leaf had a total area of 56.78 cm2 which was the largest. The stem diameter and the number of leaves under the 60R:40B treatment had their highest values at 3.28 mm and 8.16, respectively. Accordingly, a growing trend was observed with 56.7 and 61.27% increase compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, the biochemical traits of cress, the amount of a, b and total chlorophyll, the amount of anthocyanin and phenolic contents under the application of red and blue light were at their highest values compared to the control treatment. The highest amount of chlorophyll was observed under 60R:40B treatment as 15.09 mg g−1 FW leaf. Moreover, the phenolic contents and the amount of anthocyanin were of significant difference at 1% level of likelihood compared to the control treatment. Therefore, the vegetative growth of cress was substantially affected by red and blue lights, resulting in the enhancement of the plant's biochemical features compared to control condition via adjusting the lighting quality and impacts of each red and blue light spectrum on their specific receptors. As a result, the presence of both lighting spectrums is essential for expanding and increasing the quality of the plant. At the large scale, this technology is capable of improving the commercial greenhouse production performance while helping farmers achieve maximum products. This particular combination of lights is one of the beneficial features of LED lighting systems intended for different types of commercial greenhouse productions, especially the valuable greenhouse products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Ajdanian
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Babaei
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Aroiee
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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20
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Light and Microbial Lifestyle: The Impact of Light Quality on Plant–Microbe Interactions in Horticultural Production Systems—A Review. HORTICULTURAE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae5020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Horticultural greenhouse production in circumpolar regions (>60° N latitude), but also at lower latitudes, is dependent on artificial assimilation lighting to improve plant performance and the profitability of ornamental crops, and to secure production of greenhouse vegetables and berries all year round. In order to reduce energy consumption and energy costs, alternative technologies for lighting have been introduced, including light-emitting diodes (LED). This technology is also well-established within urban farming, especially plant factories. Different light technologies influence biotic and abiotic conditions in the plant environment. This review focuses on the impact of light quality on plant–microbe interactions, especially non-phototrophic organisms. Bacterial and fungal pathogens, biocontrol agents, and the phyllobiome are considered. Relevant molecular mechanisms regulating light-quality-related processes in bacteria are described and knowledge gaps are discussed with reference to ecological theories.
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21
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Skrzypczak T, Krela R, Kwiatkowski W, Wadurkar S, Smoczyńska A, Wojtaszek P. Plant Science View on Biohybrid Development. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2017; 5:46. [PMID: 28856135 PMCID: PMC5558049 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2017.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biohybrid consists of a living organism or cell and at least one engineered component. Designing robot-plant biohybrids is a great challenge: it requires interdisciplinary reconsideration of capabilities intimate specific to the biology of plants. Envisioned advances should improve agricultural/horticultural/social practice and could open new directions in utilization of plants by humans. Proper biohybrid cooperation depends upon effective communication. During evolution, plants developed many ways to communicate with each other, with animals, and with microorganisms. The most notable examples are: the use of phytohormones, rapid long-distance signaling, gravity, and light perception. These processes can now be intentionally re-shaped to establish plant-robot communication. In this article, we focus on plants physiological and molecular processes that could be used in bio-hybrids. We show phototropism and biomechanics as promising ways of effective communication, resulting in an alteration in plant architecture, and discuss the specifics of plants anatomy, physiology and development with regards to the bio-hybrids. Moreover, we discuss ways how robots could influence plants growth and development and present aims, ideas, and realized projects of plant-robot biohybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Skrzypczak
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Rafał Krela
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kwiatkowski
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Shraddha Wadurkar
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Smoczyńska
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Gene Expression, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Wojtaszek
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
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Shahinnia F, Le Roy J, Laborde B, Sznajder B, Kalambettu P, Mahjourimajd S, Tilbrook J, Fleury D. Genetic association of stomatal traits and yield in wheat grown in low rainfall environments. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:150. [PMID: 27378125 PMCID: PMC4932692 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0838-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In wheat, grain filling is closely related to flag leaf characteristics and function. Stomata are specialized leaf epidermal cells which regulate photosynthetic CO2 uptake and water loss by transpiration. Understanding the mechanisms controlling stomatal size, and their opening under drought, is critical to reduce plant water loss and maintain a high photosynthetic rate which ultimately leads to elevated yield. We applied a leaf imprinting method for rapid and non-destructive phenotyping to explore genetic variation and identify quantitative traits loci (QTL) for stomatal traits in wheat grown under greenhouse and field conditions. RESULTS The genetics of stomatal traits on the adaxial surface of the flag leaf was investigated using 146 double haploid lines derived from a cross between two Australian lines of Triticum aestivum, RAC875 and Kukri. The drought tolerant line RAC875 showed numerous small stomata in contrast to Kukri. Significant differences between the lines were observed for stomatal densitity and size related traits. A negative correlation was found between stomatal size and density, reflecting a compensatory relationship between these traits to maintain total pore area per unit leaf surface area. QTL were identified for stomatal traits on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2B, and 7A under field and controlled conditions. Most importantly some of these loci overlap with QTL on chromosome 7A that control kernel number per spike, normalized difference vegetation index, harvest index and yield in the same population. CONCLUSIONS In this first study to decifer genetic relationships between wheat stomatal traits and yield in response to water deficit, no significant correlations were observed among yield and stomatal traits under field conditions. However we found some overlaps between QTL for stomatal traits and yield across environments. This suggested that stomatal traits could be an underlying mechanism increasing yield at specific loci and used as a proxy to track a target QTL in recombinant lines. This finding is a step-forward in understanding the function of these loci and identifying candidate genes to accelerate positional cloning of yield QTL in wheat under drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Shahinnia
- />Present Address: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
- />Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Julien Le Roy
- />Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 Australia
- />University of Lille, CNRS, INRA, UMR 8576 - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Benjamin Laborde
- />Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 Australia
- />Montpellier SupAgro, 2 place Viala, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Beata Sznajder
- />Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Priyanka Kalambettu
- />Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Saba Mahjourimajd
- />Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Joanne Tilbrook
- />Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 Australia
| | - Delphine Fleury
- />Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics and School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064 Australia
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