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Gao W, Ma R, Li X, Liu J, Jiang A, Tan P, Xiong G, Du C, Zhang J, Zhang X, Fang X, Yi Z, Zhang J. Construction of Genetic Map and QTL Mapping for Seed Size and Quality Traits in Soybean ( Glycine max L.). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2857. [PMID: 38474104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max L.) is the main source of vegetable protein and edible oil for humans, with an average content of about 40% crude protein and 20% crude fat. Soybean yield and quality traits are mostly quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes. The quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping for yield and quality traits, as well as for the identification of mining-related candidate genes, is of great significance for the molecular breeding and understanding the genetic mechanism. In this study, 186 individual plants of the F2 generation derived from crosses between Changjiangchun 2 and Yushuxian 2 were selected as the mapping population to construct a molecular genetic linkage map. A genetic map containing 445 SSR markers with an average distance of 5.3 cM and a total length of 2375.6 cM was obtained. Based on constructed genetic map, 11 traits including hundred-seed weight (HSW), seed length (SL), seed width (SW), seed length-to-width ratio (SLW), oil content (OIL), protein content (PRO), oleic acid (OA), linoleic acid (LA), linolenic acid (LNA), palmitic acid (PA), stearic acid (SA) of yield and quality were detected by the multiple- d size traits and 113 QTLs related to quality were detected by the multiple QTL model (MQM) mapping method across generations F2, F2:3, F2:4, and F2:5. A total of 71 QTLs related to seed size traits and 113 QTLs related to quality traits were obtained in four generations. With those QTLs, 19 clusters for seed size traits and 20 QTL clusters for quality traits were summarized. Two promising clusters, one related to seed size traits and the other to quality traits, have been identified. The cluster associated with seed size traits spans from position 27876712 to 29009783 on Chromosome 16, while the cluster linked to quality traits spans from position 12575403 to 13875138 on Chromosome 6. Within these intervals, a reference genome of William82 was used for gene searching. A total of 36 candidate genes that may be involved in the regulation of soybean seed size and quality were screened by gene functional annotation and GO enrichment analysis. The results will lay the theoretical and technical foundation for molecularly assisted breeding in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiran Gao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ronghan Ma
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xi Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Aohua Jiang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Pingting Tan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guoxi Xiong
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chengzhang Du
- Institute of Specialty Crop, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Jijun Zhang
- Institute of Specialty Crop, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhang
- Institute of Specialty Crop, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Xiaomei Fang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zelin Yi
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Li W, Zhu L, Wu B, Liu Y, Li J, Xu L, Huangfu X, Shi D, Gu L, Chen C. Improving mesophilic anaerobic digestion of food waste by side-stream thermophilic reactor: Activation of methanogenic, key enzymes and metabolism. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 241:120167. [PMID: 37290195 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a favorable way to convert organic pollutants, such as food waste (FW), into clean energy through microbial action. This work adopted a side-stream thermophilic anaerobic digestion (STA) strategy to improve a digestive system's efficiency and stability. Results showed that the STA strategy brought higher methane production as well as higher system stability. It quickly adapted to thermal stimulation and increased the specific methane production from 359 mL CH4/g·VS to 439 mL CH4/g·VS, which was also higher than 317 mL CH4/g·VS from single-stage thermophilic anaerobic digestion. Further exploration of the mechanism of STA using metagenomic and metaproteomic analysis revealed enhanced activity of key enzymes. The main metabolic pathway was up-regulated, while the dominant bacteria were concentrated, and the multifunctional Methanosarcina was enriched. These results indicate that STA optimized organic metabolism patterns, comprehensively promoted methane production pathways, and formed various energy conservation mechanisms. Further, the system's limited heating avoided adverse effects from thermal stimulation, and activated enzyme activity and heat shock proteins through circulating slurries, which improved the metabolic process, showing great application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Lirong Zhu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Baocun Wu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Yongli Liu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Jinze Li
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Linji Xu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Xiaoliu Huangfu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Dezhi Shi
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Li Gu
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Cong Chen
- Key laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environments, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, 174 Shapingba Road, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
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Liu W, Ji X, Cao H, Huo C, He L, Peng X, Yang Y, Yang F, Xiong S. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Effect of miR156a Overexpression on Mineral Nutrient Homeostasis in Nicotiana tabacum. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12091739. [PMID: 37176797 PMCID: PMC10181358 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Mineral nutrition plays an important role in crop growth, yield and quality. MiR156 is a regulatory hub for growth and development. To date, the understanding of miR156-mediated mineral homeostasis is limited. In this study, we overexpressed Nta-miR156a in the tobacco cultivar TN90 and analyzed the effects of miR156 on mineral element homeostasis in tobacco by comparative transcriptome analysis. The results showed that the overexpression of miR156a caused significant morphological changes in transgenic tobacco. Chlorophyll and three anti-resistance markers, proline, total phenolics, and total flavonoids, were altered due to increased miR156 expression levels. Interestingly, the distribution of Cu, Mn, Zn, and Fe in different tissues of transgenic tobacco was disordered compared with that of the wild type. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that the overexpression of miR156 resulted in 2656 significantly differentially expressed genes. The expression levels of several metal-transport-related genes, such as NtABC, NtZIP, NtHMA, and NtCAX, were significantly increased or decreased in transgenic tobacco. These results suggest that miR156 plays an essential role in regulating mineral homeostasis. Our study provides a new perspective for the further study of mineral nutrient homeostasis in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanhong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xue Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Hanping Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Chunsong Huo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Linshen He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiang Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Ya Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Fang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shu Xiong
- Department of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing 404120, China
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