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Parada S, Rubio B, Taschini E, Laqueille X, El Youbi M, Paris P, Angerville B, Dervaux A, Verlhiac JF, Legrand E. Creating a psychosocial intervention combining growth mindset and implementation intentions (GMII) to reduce alcohol consumption: A mixed method approach. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297647. [PMID: 38300928 PMCID: PMC10833520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
This work aimed at creating a psychosocial intervention based on growth mindset theory and implementation intention strategies, in order to reduce alcohol consumption among users in the general population, and the clinical population of individuals with alcohol use disorder. A mixed method approach was used, combining qualitative and quantitative research methods among both populations. Four focus groups were first conducted to extract arguments in favor of a malleable view of alcohol consumption (study 1A), situations that trigger the desire to drink alcohol, as well as strategies used by people to counteract this need (study 1B). Data were analyzed using reflective thematic analysis in line with the scientific literature on alcohol consumption. The results were used to create a questionnaire scoring the relevance of each argument, situation and strategy (study 2). The 20 best scored arguments, situations and strategies were selected to create the intervention. The created intervention consisted in a popularized scientific article describing alcohol consumption as malleable, including the selected arguments and followed by two internalization exercises. Then, a volitional help sheet included the selected situations and solutions was presented, allowing forming up to three plans. The discussion focused on the added value of the created material compared to pre-existing tools in the literature, and presents plans to test the intervention in a future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sacha Parada
- Parisian laboratory of social psychology (LAPPS), University Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Bérengère Rubio
- Clinical, psychanalitical and developmental laboratory (CLIPSYD), University Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Elsa Taschini
- Addictology department, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Pierre Paris
- Addictology department, Dreux Hospital, Dreux, France
| | | | - Alain Dervaux
- University Paris-Saclay/EPS Barthélémy Durand, Etampes, France
| | - Jean-François Verlhiac
- Parisian laboratory of social psychology (LAPPS), University Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
| | - Eve Legrand
- Parisian laboratory of social psychology (LAPPS), University Paris Nanterre, Nanterre, France
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Vilaro MJ, Bryan E, Palani T, Cooks EJ, Mertens G, Zalake M, Lok BC, Krieger JL. Rural adults' perceptions of nutrition recommendations for cancer prevention: Contradictory and conflicting messages. PREVENTIVE ONCOLOGY & EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 1:2237680. [PMID: 38390218 PMCID: PMC10883477 DOI: 10.1080/28322134.2023.2237680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Despite robust evidence linking alcohol, processed meat, and red meat to colorectal cancer (CRC), public awareness of nutrition recommendations for CRC prevention is low. Marginalized populations, including those in rural areas, experience high CRC burden and may benefit from culturally tailored health information technologies. This study explored perceptions of web-based health messages iteratively in focus groups and interviews with 48 adults as part of a CRC prevention intervention. We analyzed transcripts for message perceptions and identified three main themes with subthemes: (1) Contradictory recommendations, between the intervention's nutrition risk messages and recommendations for other health conditions, from other sources, or based on cultural or personal diets; (2) reactions to nutrition risk messages, ranging from aversion (e.g., "avoid alcohol" considered "preachy") to appreciation, with suggestions for improving messages; and (3) information gaps. We discuss these themes, translational impact, and considerations for future research and communication strategies for delivering web-based cancer prevention messages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Bryan
- STEM Translational Communication Center, University of Florida
| | - Te Palani
- STEM Translational Communication Center, University of Florida
| | - Eric J Cooks
- STEM Translational Communication Center, University of Florida
| | - Gillian Mertens
- STEM Translational Communication Center, University of Florida
- Literacy Department, SUNY Cortland
| | - Mohan Zalake
- Computer and Information Sciences and Engineering, University of Florida
| | - Benjamin C Lok
- Computer and Information Sciences and Engineering, University of Florida
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López-Olmedo N, Muciño-Sandoval K, Canto-Osorio F, Vargas-Flores A, Quiroz-Reyes A, Sabines A, Malo-Serrano M, Bautista-Arredondo S, Colchero MA, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T. Warning labels on alcoholic beverage containers: a pilot randomized experiment among young adults in Mexico. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1156. [PMID: 37322503 PMCID: PMC10268389 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16069-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the potential impacts of visible and up-to-date health warning labels on alcoholic beverage containers on a range of outcomes in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted an experimental study to test the potential impacts of visible health warning labels (on the principal panel of the package) on thinking about health risks, product attractiveness, visual avoidance, and intention to change alcohol use among students in Mexico aged 18-30 years. METHODS A double-blind, parallel-group, online randomized trial was conducted from November 2021 to January 2022 in 11 states in Mexico. In the control group, participants were presented with the image of a conventional beer can with a fictional design and brand. In the intervention groups, the participants observed pictograms with a red font and white backgrounds (health warning label in red-HWL red) or with a black font and yellow backgrounds (health warning label in yellow-HWL yellow), located at the top, covering around one-third of the beer can. We used Poisson regression models -unadjusted and adjusted for covariates- to assess differences in the outcomes across study groups. RESULTS Using intention-to-treat analysis (n = 610), we found more participants in groups HWL red and HWL yellow thought about the health risks from drinking beer compared to the control group [Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1.43, CI95%:1.05,1.93 for HWL red; PR = 1.25, CI95%: 0.91, 1.71 for HWL yellow]. A lower percentage of young adults in the interventions vs control group considered the product attractive (PR 0.74, 95%CI 0.51, 1.06 for HWL red; PR 0.56, 95%CI 0.38, 0.83 for HWL yellow). Although not statistically significant, a lower percentage of participants in the intervention groups considered buying or consuming the product than the control group. Results were similar when models were adjusted for covariates. CONCLUSIONS Visible health warning labels could lead individuals to think about the health risks of alcohol, reducing the attractiveness of the product and decreasing the intention to purchase and consume alcohol. Further studies will be required to determine which pictograms or images and legends are most contextually relevant for the country. TRIAL REGISTRATION The protocol of this study was retrospectively registered on 03/01/2023: ISRCTN10494244.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy López-Olmedo
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Karla Muciño-Sandoval
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Francisco Canto-Osorio
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Adriana Vargas-Flores
- Center for Health Systems Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alai Quiroz-Reyes
- Center for Health Systems Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Arturo Sabines
- Pan American Health Organization in Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Sergio Bautista-Arredondo
- Center for Health Systems Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - MArantxa Colchero
- Center for Health Systems Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Smędra A, Berent J. The Influence of the Oral Microbiome on Oral Cancer: A Literature Review and a New Approach. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050815. [PMID: 37238685 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In our recent article (Smędra et al.: Oral form of auto-brewery syndrome. J Forensic Leg Med. 2022; 87: 102333), we showed that alcohol production can occur in the oral cavity (oral auto-brewery syndrome) due to a disruption in the microbiota (dysbiosis). An intermediate step on the path leading to the formation of alcohol is acetaldehyde. Typically, acetic aldehyde is transformed into acetate particles inside the human body via acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. Unfortunately, acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity is low in the oral cavity, and acetaldehyde remains there for a long time. Since acetaldehyde is a recognised risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma arising from the oral cavity, we decided to analyse the relationship linking the oral microbiome, alcohol, and oral cancer using the narrative review method, based on browsing articles in the PubMed database. In conclusion, enough evidence supports the speculation that oral alcohol metabolism must be assessed as an independent carcinogenic risk. We also hypothesise that dysbiosis and the production of acetaldehyde from non-alcoholic food and drinks should be treated as a new factor for the development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Smędra
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 91-304 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jarosław Berent
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 91-304 Lodz, Poland
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Seidenberg AB, Wiseman KP, Klein WMP. Do Beliefs about Alcohol and Cancer Risk Vary by Alcoholic Beverage Type and Heart Disease Risk Beliefs? Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:46-53. [PMID: 36453075 PMCID: PMC9839574 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol is a leading risk factor for cancer, yet awareness of the alcohol-cancer link is low. Awareness may be influenced by perceptions of potential health benefits of alcohol consumption or certain alcoholic beverage types. The purpose of this study was to estimate awareness of the alcohol-cancer link by beverage type and to examine the relationship between this awareness and concomitant beliefs about alcohol and heart disease risk. METHODS We analyzed data from the 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey 5 Cycle 4, a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults. RESULTS Awareness of the alcohol-cancer link was highest for liquor (31.2%), followed by beer (24.9%) and wine (20.3%). More U.S. adults believed wine (10.3%) decreased cancer risk, compared with beer (2.2%) and liquor (1.7%). Most U.S. adults (>50%) reported not knowing how these beverages affected cancer risk. U.S. adults believing alcoholic beverages increased heart disease risk had higher adjusted predicted probabilities of being aware of the alcohol-cancer link (wine: 58.6%; beer: 52.4%; liquor: 59.4%) compared with those unsure (wine: 6.0%; beer: 8.6%; liquor: 13.2%), or believing alcoholic beverages reduced (wine: 16.2%; beer: 21.6%; liquor: 23.8%) or had no effect on heart disease risk (wine: 10.2%; beer: 12.0%; liquor: 16.9%). CONCLUSIONS Awareness of the alcohol-cancer link was low, varied by beverage type, and was higher among those recognizing that alcohol use increased heart disease risk. IMPACT These findings underscore the need to educate U.S. adults about the alcohol-cancer link, including raising awareness that drinking all alcoholic beverage types increases cancer risk. See related commentary by Hay et al., p. 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B. Seidenberg
- Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Kara P. Wiseman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - William M. P. Klein
- Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
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Hay JL, Kiviniemi MT, Orom H, Waters EA. Moving beyond the "Health Halo" of Alcohol: What Will it Take to Achieve Population Awareness of the Cancer Risks of Alcohol? Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:9-11. [PMID: 36620900 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We discuss the implications of Seidenberg and colleagues' report confirming low levels of accurate awareness of the cancer harms associated with alcohol use, including wine, beer, and liquor consumption. The authors propose that academic and lay messaging describing consumption of wine and other forms of alcohol as reducing heart disease risk has created generalized beliefs about the health benefits of drinking alcohol. This "health halo" surrounding alcohol consumption leads the public to overgeneralize alcohol health benefits to other diseases, including cancer. We discuss the need to address high levels of perceived risk uncertainty to help the public distinguish between the impact of alcohol on heart disease versus cancer, and to overcome other barriers to including alcohol use reduction as a cancer prevention strategy. Given recent increases in U.S. population drinking rates, as well as morbidity and mortality associated with alcohol use, the time is right to marshal multilevel efforts to educate the public regarding the fact that alcohol is carcinogenic. If successful, these efforts will have multiple downstream benefits, including the ability of the lay public to use the most up-to-date scientific evidence to make informed decisions about whether, and how much, to engage in a risky behavior. See related article by Seidenberg et al., p. 46.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Hay
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marc T Kiviniemi
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Heather Orom
- Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York
| | - Erika A Waters
- Department of Surgery (Division of Public Health Sciences), Washington University Medical School, St. Louis, Missouri
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Ma R, Ma Z. Social Media Use and Demographics Predicted Knowledge About Alcohol as a Cancer Risk Factor. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:1025-1028. [PMID: 35403445 DOI: 10.1177/08901171221087098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether social media use, alcohol consumption, and sociodemographic factors predicted Americans' knowledge about alcohol-related cancer risk. DESIGN Health Information National Trends Survey (2020). SETTING United States. SUBJECTS A nationally representative sample (N = 3865; response rate = 36.7%). MEASURES Knowledge about cancer risk of beer, wine, and liquor; social media use; demographics; smoking status; alcohol consumption; and cancer history. ANALYSIS Data were analyzed using multinomial multiple logistic regression with jackknife replicate weights. RESULTS Less than a third of U.S. adults (20.34-31.20%) were aware of cancer risk of alcohol. People who watched health-related YouTube videos were more likely to be well-informed (odds ratio [OR] = 1.55 [95% confidence interval 1.01, 2.36] for beer) and misinformed (OR = 1.68 [1.17, 2.43] for wine). Alcohol consumption predicted higher likelihoods of being misinformed about cancer risk of beer (OR = 1.03 [1.003, 1.05]). People who were older and had less education were less likely to be well-informed for all types of alcohol. Females (for liquor) and Blacks (for beer) were less likely to be well-informed and misinformed. CONCLUSION Social media can be a source of both correct information and misinformation about alcohol and cancer risk. Health promotion should target older adults, people with less education, racial minorities, females, and people who consume alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ma
- Department of Communication & Media Studies, 4065Butler University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Zexin Ma
- Department of Communication, Journalism, and Public Relations, 6918Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
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Alcohol and Head and Neck Cancer: Updates on the Role of Oxidative Stress, Genetic, Epigenetics, Oral Microbiota, Antioxidants, and Alkylating Agents. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010145. [PMID: 35052649 PMCID: PMC8773066 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) concerns more than 890,000 patients worldwide annually and is associated with the advanced stage at presentation and heavy outcomes. Alcohol drinking, together with tobacco smoking, and human papillomavirus infection are the main recognized risk factors. The tumorigenesis of HNC represents an intricate sequential process that implicates a gradual acquisition of genetic and epigenetics alterations targeting crucial pathways regulating cell growth, motility, and stromal interactions. Tumor microenvironment and growth factors also play a major role in HNC. Alcohol toxicity is caused both directly by ethanol and indirectly by its metabolic products, with the involvement of the oral microbiota and oxidative stress; alcohol might enhance the exposure of epithelial cells to carcinogens, causing epigenetic modifications, DNA damage, and inaccurate DNA repair with the formation of DNA adducts. Long-term markers of alcohol consumption, especially those detected in the hair, may provide crucial information on the real alcohol drinking of HNC patients. Strategies for prevention could include food supplements as polyphenols, and alkylating drugs as therapy that play a key role in HNC management. Indeed, polyphenols throughout their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions may counteract or limit the toxic effect of alcohol whereas alkylating agents inhibiting cancer cells’ growth could reduce the carcinogenic damage induced by alcohol. Despite the established association between alcohol and HNC, a concerning pattern of alcohol consumption in survivors of HNC has been shown. It is of primary importance to increase the awareness of cancer risks associated with alcohol consumption, both in oncologic patients and the general population, to provide advice for reducing HNC prevalence and complications.
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Gapstur SM, Bandera EV, Jernigan DH, LoConte NK, Southwell BG, Vasiliou V, Brewster AM, Naimi TS, Scherr CL, Shield KD. Alcohol and Cancer: Existing Knowledge and Evidence Gaps across the Cancer Continuum. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:5-10. [PMID: 34728469 PMCID: PMC8755600 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic beverages are carcinogenic to humans. Globally, an estimated 4.1% of new cancer cases in 2020 were attributable to alcoholic beverages. However, the full cancer burden due to alcohol is uncertain because for many cancer (sub)types, associations remain inconclusive. Additionally, associations of consumption with therapeutic response, disease progression, and long-term cancer outcomes are not fully understood, public awareness of the alcohol-cancer link is low, and the interrelationships of alcohol control regulations and cancer risk are unclear. In December 2020, the U.S. NCI convened a workshop and public webinar that brought together a panel of scientific experts to review what is known about and identify knowledge gaps regarding alcohol and cancer. Examples of gaps identified include: (i) associations of alcohol consumption patterns across the life course with cancer risk; (ii) alcohol's systemic carcinogenic effects; (iii) alcohol's influence on treatment efficacy, patient-reported outcomes, and long-term prognosis; (iv) communication strategies to increase awareness of the alcohol-cancer link; and (v) the impact of alcohol control policies to reduce consumption on cancer incidence and mortality. Interdisciplinary research and implementation efforts are needed to increase relevant knowledge, and to develop effective interventions focused on improving awareness, and reducing harmful consumption to decrease the alcohol-related cancer burden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - David H Jernigan
- Boston University School of Public Health, Health Law, Policy and Management, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Noelle K LoConte
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison Wisconsin
| | - Brian G Southwell
- RTI International, Center for Communication Science, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | | | | | - Timothy S Naimi
- Univesity of Victoria, Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Kevin D Shield
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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