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Yi S, Wang Q, Wang W, Hong C, Ren Z. Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on negative symptoms and cognitive functioning in schizophrenia: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Psychiatry Res 2024; 333:115728. [PMID: 38232567 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction are core characteristics of schizophrenia that profoundly impact daily function and quality of life. As a noninvasive brain stimulation, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as a relatively new treatment for ameliorating negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. However, there is controversy over the treatment methods and efficacy. We aimed to provide a quantitative integration of the published evidence regarding the efficacy of rTMS and analyze the feasibility of rTMS for treating negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. A total of twenty reviews were ultimately selected and divided into thirty-three latitudes. Twenty-six analyses showed that rTMS significantly decreased the negative symptom score, and seventeen analyses were performed. Six analyses showed that rTMS treatment can increase working memory scores, and two of them had significant effects. Two analyses from the same review showed that rTMS had a long-term significant effect on treating language function. Only one analysis showed that rTMS had a significant effect on treating executive function. The analyses showed that rTMS had no significant effect on attention function and processing speed. Most reviews indicate that rTMS has an effect on negative symptoms, executive function, working memory, and language function in patients with schizophrenia. Although the quality of evidence was not high, these results are still positive and worthwhile for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Yi
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234 Gucui Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Mental Health Center of Zhejiang Province, No. 1 Xianlin East Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234 Gucui Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Mental Health Center of Zhejiang Province, No. 1 Xianlin East Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234 Gucui Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chaokun Hong
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, Sherfield Building, Prince Consort Rd, South Kensington Campus, South Kensington, London SW7 2BB, UK
| | - Zhibin Ren
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 234 Gucui Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Mental Health Center of Zhejiang Province, No. 1 Xianlin East Road, Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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2
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Arakelyan A, Avagyan S, Kurnosov A, Mkrtchyan T, Mkrtchyan G, Zakharyan R, Mayilyan KR, Binder H. Temporal changes of gene expression in health, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 10:19. [PMID: 38368435 PMCID: PMC10874418 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00443-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The molecular events underlying the development, manifestation, and course of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder span from embryonic life to advanced age. However, little is known about the early dynamics of gene expression in these disorders due to their relatively late manifestation. To address this, we conducted a secondary analysis of post-mortem prefrontal cortex datasets using bioinformatics and machine learning techniques to identify differentially expressed gene modules associated with aging and the diseases, determine their time-perturbation points, and assess enrichment with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) genes. Our findings revealed early, mid, and late deregulation of expression of functional gene modules involved in neurodevelopment, plasticity, homeostasis, and immune response. This supports the hypothesis that multiple hits throughout life contribute to disease manifestation rather than a single early-life event. Moreover, the time-perturbed functional gene modules were associated with genetic loci affecting gene expression, highlighting the role of genetic factors in gene expression dynamics and the development of disease phenotypes. Our findings emphasize the importance of investigating time-dependent perturbations in gene expression before the age of onset in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsen Arakelyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia.
- Armenian Bioinformatics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia.
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Russian-Armenian University, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | | | | | - Tigran Mkrtchyan
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Russian-Armenian University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | | | - Roksana Zakharyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Russian-Armenian University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Karine R Mayilyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
- Department of Therapeutics, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Traditional Medicine, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Hans Binder
- Armenian Bioinformatics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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3
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Clementi L, Arnone E, Santambrogio MD, Franceschetti S, Panzica F, Sangalli LM. Anatomically compliant modes of variations: New tools for brain connectivity. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292450. [PMID: 37934760 PMCID: PMC10629624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Anatomical complexity and data dimensionality present major issues when analysing brain connectivity data. The functional and anatomical aspects of the connections taking place in the brain are in fact equally relevant and strongly intertwined. However, due to theoretical challenges and computational issues, their relationship is often overlooked in neuroscience and clinical research. In this work, we propose to tackle this problem through Smooth Functional Principal Component Analysis, which enables to perform dimensional reduction and exploration of the variability in functional connectivity maps, complying with the formidably complicated anatomy of the grey matter volume. In particular, we analyse a population that includes controls and subjects affected by schizophrenia, starting from fMRI data acquired at rest and during a task-switching paradigm. For both sessions, we first identify the common modes of variation in the entire population. We hence explore whether the subjects' expressions along these common modes of variation differ between controls and pathological subjects. In each session, we find principal components that are significantly differently expressed in the healthy vs pathological subjects (with p-values < 0.001), highlighting clearly interpretable differences in the connectivity in the two subpopulations. For instance, the second and third principal components for the rest session capture the imbalance between the Default Mode and Executive Networks characterizing schizophrenia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Clementi
- MOX - Department of Mathematics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- CHDS, Center for Health Data Science, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco D. Santambrogio
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Laura M. Sangalli
- MOX - Department of Mathematics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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4
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Slabe Z, Balesar RA, Verwer RWH, Drevenšek G, Swaab DF. Increased pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide genes expression in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia in relation to suicide. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1277958. [PMID: 38025265 PMCID: PMC10652791 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1277958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) is a stress-related neuropeptide that is produced in several brain areas. It acts by 3 receptors: PACAP type-1 (PAC1), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) -1 and -2 (VPAC1 and 2). Data on polymorphisms in PACAP and PAC1 indicate a relationship of the PACAP system with schizophrenia (SCZ). Methods The prefrontal cortex was chosen to measure PACAP-gene related expression changes, since this is a central structure in the symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ). We investigated alterations in the expression of the PACAP-related genes by qPCR in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of 35 SCZ patients and 34 matched controls in relation to SCZ, suicide, gender and medication. Results The ACC revealed an upregulation in PACAP, PAC1, VPAC1 and VPAC2 in SCZ suicide (S) completers compared to controls. An increase in PACAP, VPAC1 and VPAC2 expression was also present in the ACC in SCZ-S compared to SCZ patients who died naturally (SCZ-N). In the DLPFC, an increase in PAC1 was found in SCZ-N patients compared to SCZ-S and controls. Moreover, an increase in all PACAP-related genes was present in SCZ-N male patients compared to SCZ-N females. Concluding, expression changes were found in PACAP-related genes in relation to SCZ, suicide and gender. In particular, there was a higher PACAP-related gene expression in SCZ patients in the ACC in relation to suicide and in DLPFC in relation to SCZ. Discussion These findings suggest a potential link between PACAP and the pathophysiology of SCZ and suicide. Further research is needed to understand the functional significance and potential clinical applications of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zala Slabe
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rawien A. Balesar
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ronald W. H. Verwer
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gorazd Drevenšek
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dick F. Swaab
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Farsi Z, Nicolella A, Simmons SK, Aryal S, Shepard N, Brenner K, Lin S, Herzog L, Moran SP, Stalnaker KJ, Shin W, Gazestani V, Song BJ, Bonanno K, Keshishian H, Carr SA, Pan JQ, Macosko EZ, Datta SR, Dejanovic B, Kim E, Levin JZ, Sheng M. Brain-region-specific changes in neurons and glia and dysregulation of dopamine signaling in Grin2a mutant mice. Neuron 2023; 111:3378-3396.e9. [PMID: 37657442 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
A genetically valid animal model could transform our understanding of schizophrenia (SCZ) disease mechanisms. Rare heterozygous loss-of-function (LoF) mutations in GRIN2A, encoding a subunit of the NMDA receptor, greatly increase the risk of SCZ. By transcriptomic, proteomic, and behavioral analyses, we report that heterozygous Grin2a mutant mice show (1) large-scale gene expression changes across multiple brain regions and in neuronal (excitatory and inhibitory) and non-neuronal cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), (2) evidence of hypoactivity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hyperactivity in the hippocampus and striatum, (3) an elevated dopamine signaling in the striatum and hypersensitivity to amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion (AIH), (4) altered cholesterol biosynthesis in astrocytes, (5) a reduction in glutamatergic receptor signaling proteins in the synapse, and (6) an aberrant locomotor pattern opposite of that induced by antipsychotic drugs. These findings reveal potential pathophysiologic mechanisms, provide support for both the "hypo-glutamate" and "hyper-dopamine" hypotheses of SCZ, and underscore the utility of Grin2a-deficient mice as a genetic model of SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Farsi
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Ally Nicolella
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sean K Simmons
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sameer Aryal
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nate Shepard
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kira Brenner
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sherry Lin
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Linnea Herzog
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sean P Moran
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katherine J Stalnaker
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Wangyong Shin
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Vahid Gazestani
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bryan J Song
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Bonanno
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hasmik Keshishian
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jen Q Pan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Evan Z Macosko
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Borislav Dejanovic
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eunjoon Kim
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, South Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Joshua Z Levin
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Morgan Sheng
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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6
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von Arx AS, Dawson K, Lin HY, Mattei D, Notter T, Meyer U, Schalbetter SM. Prefrontal microglia deficiency during adolescence disrupts adult cognitive functions and synaptic structures: A follow-up study in female mice. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 111:230-246. [PMID: 37100210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) provides executive top-down control of a variety of cognitive processes. A distinctive feature of the PFC is its protracted structural and functional maturation throughout adolescence to early adulthood, which is necessary for acquiring mature cognitive abilities. Using a mouse model of cell-specific, transient and local depletion of microglia, which is based on intracerebral injection of clodronate disodium salt (CDS) into the PFC of adolescent male mice, we recently demonstrated that microglia contribute to the functional and structural maturation of the PFC in males. Because microglia biology and cortical maturation are partly sexually dimorphic, the main objective of the present study was to examine whether microglia similarly regulate this maturational process in female mice as well. Here, we show that a single, bilateral intra-PFC injection of CDS in adolescent (6-week-old) female mice induces a local and transient depletion (70 to 80% decrease from controls) of prefrontal microglia during a restricted window of adolescence without affecting neuronal or astrocytic cell populations. This transient microglia deficiency was sufficient to disrupt PFC-associated cognitive functions and synaptic structures at adult age. Inducing transient prefrontal microglia depletion in adult female mice did not cause these deficits, demonstrating that the adult PFC, unlike the adolescent PFC, is resilient to transient microglia deficiency in terms of lasting cognitive and synaptic maladaptations. Together with our previous findings in males, the present findings suggest that microglia contribute to the maturation of the female PFC in a similar way as to the prefrontal maturation occurring in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anina S von Arx
- Institute of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kara Dawson
- Institute of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Han-Yu Lin
- Institute of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Mattei
- MSSM Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tina Notter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Meyer
- Institute of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sina M Schalbetter
- Institute of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Xue X, Wu X, Liu L, Liu L, Zhu F. ERVW-1 Activates ATF6-Mediated Unfolded Protein Response by Decreasing GANAB in Recent-Onset Schizophrenia. Viruses 2023; 15:1298. [PMID: 37376599 DOI: 10.3390/v15061298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia, a mental disorder, afflicts 1% of the worldwide population. The dysregulation of homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been implicated in schizophrenia. Moreover, recent studies indicate that ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) are linked to this mental disorder. Our previous research has verified that endogenous retrovirus group W member 1 envelope (ERVW-1), a risk factor for schizophrenia, is elevated in individuals with schizophrenia. Nevertheless, no literature is available regarding the underlying relationship between ER stress and ERVW-1 in schizophrenia. The aim of our research was to investigate the molecular mechanism connecting ER stress and ERVW-1 in schizophrenia. Here, we employed Gene Differential Expression Analysis to predict differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the human prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic patients and identified aberrant expression of UPR-related genes. Subsequent research indicated that the UPR gene called XBP1 had a positive correlation with ATF6, BCL-2, and ERVW-1 in individuals with schizophrenia using Spearman correlation analysis. Furthermore, results from the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) suggested increased serum protein levels of ATF6 and XBP1 in schizophrenic patients compared with healthy controls, exhibiting a strong correlation with ERVW-1 using median analysis and Mann-Whitney U analysis. However, serum GANAB levels were decreased in schizophrenic patients compared with controls and showed a significant negative correlation with ERVW-1, ATF6, and XBP1 in schizophrenic patients. Interestingly, in vitro experiments verified that ERVW-1 indeed increased ATF6 and XBP1 expression while decreasing GANAB expression. Additionally, the confocal microscope experiment suggested that ERVW-1 could impact the shape of the ER, leading to ER stress. GANAB was found to participate in ER stress regulated by ERVW-1. In conclusion, ERVW-1 induced ER stress by suppressing GANAB expression, thereby upregulating the expression of ATF6 and XBP1 and ultimately contributing to the development of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xiulin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | | | - Fan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy & Immunology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Aryal S, Bonanno K, Song B, Mani DR, Keshishian H, Carr SA, Sheng M, Dejanovic B. Deep proteomics identifies shared molecular pathway alterations in synapses of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and mouse model. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112497. [PMID: 37171958 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic dysfunction is implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BP). We use quantitative mass spectrometry to carry out deep, unbiased proteomic profiling of synapses purified from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of 35 cases of SCZ, 35 cases of BP, and 35 controls. Compared with controls, SCZ and BP synapses show substantial and similar proteomic alterations. Network analyses reveal upregulation of proteins associated with autophagy and certain vesicle transport pathways and downregulation of proteins related to synaptic, mitochondrial, and ribosomal function in the synapses of individuals with SCZ or BP. Some of the same pathways are similarly dysregulated in the synaptic proteome of mutant mice deficient in Akap11, a recently discovered shared risk gene for SCZ and BP. Our work provides biological insights into molecular dysfunction at the synapse in SCZ and BP and serves as a resource for understanding the pathophysiology of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Aryal
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kevin Bonanno
- The Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Bryan Song
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - D R Mani
- The Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hasmik Keshishian
- The Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- The Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Morgan Sheng
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Borislav Dejanovic
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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9
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Edemann-Callesen H, Bernhardt N, Hlusicka EB, Hintz F, Habelt B, Winter R, Neubert I, Pelz M, Filla A, Soto-Montenegro ML, Winter C, Hadar R. Supplement Treatment with NAC and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids during Pregnancy Partially Prevents Schizophrenia-Related Outcomes in the Poly I:C Rat Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051068. [PMID: 37237933 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heightened levels of inflammation and oxidative stress are thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. We aimed to assess whether intake of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant drugs during pregnancy prevents later schizophrenia-related outcomes in a neurodevelopmental rat model of this disorder. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats were injected with polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid (Poly I:C) or saline and subsequently treated with either N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) until delivery. Controls rats received no treatment. In the offspring, neuroinflammation and anti-oxidant enzyme activity were assessed on postnatal day (PND) 21, 33, 48, and 90. Behavioral testing was performed at PND 90, followed by post-mortem neurochemical assessment and ex vivo MRI. RESULTS The supplement treatment led to a quicker restoration of the wellbeing of dams. In the adolescent Poly I:C offspring, the supplement treatment prevented an increase in microglial activity and partially prevented a deregulation in the anti-oxidant defense system. In the adult Poly I:C offspring, supplement treatment partially prevented dopamine deficits, which was paralleled by some changes in behavior. Exposure to omega-3 PUFAs prevented the enlargement of lateral ventricles. CONCLUSION Intake of over-the-counter supplements may assist in especially targeting the inflammatory response related to schizophrenia pathophysiology, aiding in diminishing later disease severity in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Edemann-Callesen
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Campus Mitte, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nadine Bernhardt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Barroeta Hlusicka
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Hintz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Campus Mitte, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Habelt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Rebecca Winter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Isabell Neubert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Meike Pelz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexandra Filla
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria Luisa Soto-Montenegro
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación de Alto Rendimiento en Fisiopatología y Farmacología del Sistema Digestivo (NeuGut-URJC), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Christine Winter
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Campus Mitte, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ravit Hadar
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Campus Mitte, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Brown J, Grayson B, Neill JC, Harte M, Wall MJ, Ngomba RT. Oscillatory Deficits in the Sub-Chronic PCP Rat Model for Schizophrenia Are Reversed by mGlu5 Receptor-Positive Allosteric Modulators VU0409551 and VU0360172. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060919. [PMID: 36980260 PMCID: PMC10047164 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The cognitive deficits of schizophrenia are linked to imbalanced excitatory and inhibitory signalling in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), disrupting gamma oscillations. We previously demonstrated that two mGlu5 receptor-positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), VU0409551 and VU0360172, restore cognitive deficits in the sub-chronic PCP (scPCP) rodent model for schizophrenia via distinct changes in PFC intracellular signalling molecules. Here, we have assessed ex vivo gamma oscillatory activity in PFC slices from scPCP rats and investigated the effects of VU0409551 and VU0360172 upon oscillatory power. mGlu5 receptor, protein kinase C (PKC), and phospholipase C (PLC) inhibition were also used to examine ‘modulation bias’ in PAM activity. The amplitude and area power of gamma oscillations were significantly diminished in the scPCP model. Slice incubation with either VU0409551 or VU0360172 rescued scPCP-induced oscillatory deficits in a concentration-dependent manner. MTEP blocked the PAM-induced restoration of oscillatory power, confirming the requirement of mGlu5 receptor modulation. Whilst PLC inhibition prevented the power increase mediated by both PAMs, PKC inhibition diminished the effects of VU0360172 but not VU0409551. This aligns with previous reports that VU0409551 exhibits preferential activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signalling pathway over the PKC cascade. Restoration of the excitatory/inhibitory signalling balance and gamma oscillations may therefore underlie the mGluR5 PAM-mediated correction of scPCP-induced cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Brown
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Ben Grayson
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Joanna C. Neill
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Michael Harte
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (M.J.W.); (R.T.N.); Tel.: +44-(0)161-2752328 (M.H.); +44-(0)247-6573772 (M.J.W.); +44-(0)152-2837392 (R.T.N.)
| | - Mark J. Wall
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (M.J.W.); (R.T.N.); Tel.: +44-(0)161-2752328 (M.H.); +44-(0)247-6573772 (M.J.W.); +44-(0)152-2837392 (R.T.N.)
| | - Richard T. Ngomba
- School of Pharmacy, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (M.J.W.); (R.T.N.); Tel.: +44-(0)161-2752328 (M.H.); +44-(0)247-6573772 (M.J.W.); +44-(0)152-2837392 (R.T.N.)
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11
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Altered distribution and localization of organellar Na +/H + exchangers in postmortem schizophrenia dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:34. [PMID: 36732328 PMCID: PMC9895429 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02336-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a complex and multifactorial disorder associated with altered neurotransmission as well as numerous signaling pathway and protein trafficking disruptions. The pH of intracellular organelles involved in protein trafficking is tightly regulated and impacts their functioning. The SLC9A family of Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs) plays a fundamental role in cellular and intracellular pH homeostasis. Four organellar NHE isoforms (NHE6-NHE9) are targeted to intracellular organelles involved in protein trafficking. Increased interactions between organellar NHEs and receptor of activated protein C kinase 1 (RACK1) can lead to redistribution of NHEs to the plasma membrane and hyperacidification of target organelles. Given their role in organelle pH regulation, altered expression and/or localization of organellar NHEs could be an underlying cellular mechanism contributing to abnormal intracellular trafficking and disrupted neurotransmitter systems in schizophrenia. We thus characterized organellar NHE expression, co-immunoprecipitation with RACK1, and Triton X-114 (TX-114) phase partitioning in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of 25 schizophrenia and 25 comparison subjects by Western blot analysis. In schizophrenia after controlling for subject age at time of death, postmortem interval, tissue pH, and sex, there was significantly decreased total expression of NHE8, decreased co-immunoprecipitation of NHE8 (64%) and NHE9 (56%) with RACK1, and increased TX-114 detergent phase partitioning of NHE6 (283%), NHE9 (75%), and RACK1 (367%). Importantly, none of these dependent measures was significantly impacted when comparing those in the schizophrenia group on antipsychotics to those off of antipsychotics for at least 6 weeks at their time of death and none of these same proteins were affected in rats chronically treated with haloperidol. In summary, we characterized organellar NHE expression and distribution in schizophrenia DLPFC and identified abnormalities that could represent a novel mechanism contributing to disruptions in protein trafficking and neurotransmission in schizophrenia.
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12
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Gene Expression and Epigenetic Regulation in the Prefrontal Cortex of Schizophrenia. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020243. [PMID: 36833173 PMCID: PMC9957055 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia pathogenesis remains challenging to define; however, there is strong evidence that the interaction of genetic and environmental factors causes the disorder. This paper focuses on transcriptional abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a key anatomical structure that determines functional outcomes in schizophrenia. This review summarises genetic and epigenetic data from human studies to understand the etiological and clinical heterogeneity of schizophrenia. Gene expression studies using microarray and sequencing technologies reported the aberrant transcription of numerous genes in the PFC in patients with schizophrenia. Altered gene expression in schizophrenia is related to several biological pathways and networks (synaptic function, neurotransmission, signalling, myelination, immune/inflammatory mechanisms, energy production and response to oxidative stress). Studies investigating mechanisms driving these transcriptional abnormalities focused on alternations in transcription factors, gene promoter elements, DNA methylation, posttranslational histone modifications or posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression mediated by non-coding RNAs.
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13
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Kolomeets NS, Uranova NA. [Reduced numerical density of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte clusters in the head of the caudate nucleus in schizophrenia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:103-110. [PMID: 36719125 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2023123011103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Morphometric estimation of the numerical density of oligodendrocytes (NcOl) and numerical density of oligodendrocyte clusters (NvOlC) in the rostral part of the caudate head nucleus associated with the cortical regions of the default network in the norm and in schizophrenia. MATERIAL AND METHODS NcOl and NvOlC were determined in the gray matter of the rostral part of the head of the caudate nucleus in Nissl-stained sections using optical dissector in postmortem brains in 18 schizophrenia and 18 healthy control cases. RESULTS The NvOl (-20%, p<0.001) and NvOlC (-28%, p<0.001) were decreased in the schizophrenia group as compared to the control groups. The NvOl correlated with the NvOlC (R≥0.88, p<0.001) in both groups while a lack of correlations was previously found in the central part of the caudate head. CONCLUSION The detected deficits of the NcOl and NvOlC is an agreement with prominent suppressing of cortico-striatal connections and reduced density of gray matter in this part of the caudate in schizophrenia. The differences in the pattern of correlations as compared to the central part of this structure might be associated with the specific features of functional activity of default-mode and fronto-parietal networks associated with these parts of caudate nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Kolomeets
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Uranova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
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14
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Kondo MA, Norris AL, Yang K, Cheshire M, Newkirk I, Chen X, Ishizuka K, Jaffe AE, Sawa A, Pevsner J. Dysfunction of mitochondria and GABAergic interneurons in the anterior cingulate cortex of individuals with schizophrenia. Neurosci Res 2022; 185:67-72. [PMID: 36162734 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Here we re-analyze RNA-sequencing data from the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of SZ patients using recent methods to improve accuracy and sensitivity of results, such as the quality surrogate variable analysis (qSVA) method and the derfinder R package. We found that genes significantly down-regulated in SZ demonstrated an enrichment for parvalbumin-positive interneurons (FDR < 0.0001). Down-regulated genes were also enriched in oxidative phosphorylation functions (FDR < 0.05). We also addressed whether lifetime exposure to antipsychotics might influence gene expression, highlighting DUSP6, LBH, and NR1D1. Our results support the role of redox imbalance/mitochondrial dysfunction and implicate interneuron subtypes in SZ pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari A Kondo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Alexis L Norris
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Madeline Cheshire
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Isabelle Newkirk
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Xiangning Chen
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine and Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, the United States of America
| | - Koko Ishizuka
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Andrew E Jaffe
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America
| | - Jonathan Pevsner
- Department of Neurology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, the United States of America.
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15
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Reduced number of satellite oligodendrocytes of pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 272:947-955. [PMID: 34822006 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-021-01353-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging, genetic and molecular biological studies have shown impaired intra-cortical myelination in patients with schizophrenia, particularly in the prefrontal cortex. Previously we reported a significant deficit of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte clusters in layers 3 and 5 of the prefrontal cortex, Brodmann area 10 (BA10) in schizophrenia. In this current study, we investigate the number of oligodendrocyte satellites (Sat-Ol) per pyramidal neuron in layer 5 of BA10 in schizophrenia (n = 17) as compared to healthy controls (n = 20) in the same section collection as previously used to study the numerical density (Nv) of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte clusters. We find a significant reduction (- 39%, p < 0.001) in the number of Sat-Ol per neuron in schizophrenia as compared to the control group. The number of Sat-Ol per neuron did not correlate with the Nv of oligodendrocytes or with the Nv of oligodendrocyte clusters. Our previous studies of the inferior parietal lobule (BA39 and BA40), demonstrated significant decrease of the number of Sat-Ol only in patient subgroups with poor and fair insight. Additionally, correlation pattern between number of Sat-Ol and Nv of oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte clusters was similar between the two functionally interconnected cortical areas, BA10 and BA40, whereas in BA39, strong significant correlations were revealed between the number of Sat-Ol and Nv of oligodendrocyte clusters (0.9 ≤ R ≥ 0.66; p < 0.001). These data suggest that that specific features of Sat-Ol alterations patterns may be associated with specific activity-driven plasticity of corresponding networks in the brain of people with schizophrenia.
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16
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Maria Pani S, Saba L, Fraschini M. Clinical applications of EEG power spectra aperiodic component analysis: a mini-review. Clin Neurophysiol 2022; 143:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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Schalbetter SM, von Arx AS, Cruz-Ochoa N, Dawson K, Ivanov A, Mueller FS, Lin HY, Amport R, Mildenberger W, Mattei D, Beule D, Földy C, Greter M, Notter T, Meyer U. Adolescence is a sensitive period for prefrontal microglia to act on cognitive development. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabi6672. [PMID: 35235358 PMCID: PMC8890703 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi6672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a cortical brain region that regulates various cognitive functions. One distinctive feature of the PFC is its protracted adolescent maturation, which is necessary for acquiring mature cognitive abilities in adulthood. Here, we show that microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, contribute to this maturational process. We find that transient and cell-specific deficiency of prefrontal microglia in adolescence is sufficient to induce an adult emergence of PFC-associated impairments in cognitive functions, dendritic complexity, and synaptic structures. While prefrontal microglia deficiency in adolescence also altered the excitatory-inhibitory balance in adult prefrontal circuits, there were no cognitive sequelae when prefrontal microglia were depleted in adulthood. Thus, our findings identify adolescence as a sensitive period for prefrontal microglia to act on cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina M. Schalbetter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anina S. von Arx
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Cruz-Ochoa
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Faculties of Medicine and Natural Sciences, Brain Research Institute, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kara Dawson
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andranik Ivanov
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Flavia S. Mueller
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Han-Yu Lin
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - René Amport
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wiebke Mildenberger
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Mattei
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dieter Beule
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Csaba Földy
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Faculties of Medicine and Natural Sciences, Brain Research Institute, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Greter
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tina Notter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Urs Meyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Corresponding author.
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18
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Li Q, Liu S, Cao X, Li Z, Fan YS, Wang Y, Wang J, Xu Y. Disassociated and concurrent structural and functional abnormalities in the drug-naïve first-episode early onset schizophrenia. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:1627-1635. [PMID: 35179706 PMCID: PMC9279212 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia which is an abnormally developmental disease has been widely reported to show abnormal brain structure and function. Enhanced functional integration is a predominant neural marker for brain mature. Abnormal development of structure and functional integration may be a biomarker for early diagnosis of schizophrenia. Fifty-five patients with early onset schizophrenia (EOS) and 79 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and functional connectivity density (FCD) were performed to explore gray matter volume (GMV) lesion, abnormal functional integration, and concurrent structural and functional abnormalities in the brain. Furthermore, the relationships between abnormalities structural and function and clinical characteristics were evaluated in EOS. Compared with healthy controls, EOS showed significantly decreased GMV in the bilateral OFC, frontal, temporal, occipital, parietal and limbic system. EOS also showed decreased FCD in precuneus and increased FCD in cerebellum. Moreover, we found concurrent changes of structure and function in left lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC). Finally, correlation analyses did not find significant correlation between abnormal neural measurements and clinical characteristic in EOS. The results reveal disassociated and bound structural and functional abnormalities patterns in EOS suggesting structural and functional measurements play different roles in delineating the abnormal patterns of EOS. The concurrent structural and functional changes in lOFC may be a biomarker for early diagnosis of schizophrenia. Our findings will deepen our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms in EOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaohua Cao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zexuan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yun-Shuang Fan
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 625014, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Assisted Diagnosis and Treatment for Mental Disorder/Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 85 Jiefang Nan Road, Taiyuan, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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Fu X, Quan W, Liu L, Li T, Dong W, Wang J, Tian J, Yan J, Liao J. Similarities and Differences in Brain Activation Between Patients With Schizophrenia and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:853428. [PMID: 35558422 PMCID: PMC9086627 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.853428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) share several epidemiological and clinical features, but the neurobiological substrates shared by these two diseases remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the similarities and differences in brain function between them using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Eventually, 130 SZ patients, 70 OCD and 75 normal controls (NCs) were enrolled. A 52-channel NIRS instrument was used to detect the concentration changes in oxygenated hemoglobin ([oxy-Hb]) during the verbal fluency task. Ten regions of interests (ROIs) were defined: the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), frontopolar cortex (FPC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), inferior prefrontal gyrus (IFG) and temporal gyrus (TG). Through two different analysis strategies based on channels or ROIs, we compared the [oxy-Hb] changes in three groups by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc tests. Across 52 channels, compared to the NC group, both SZ and OCD groups exhibited reduced activity in 17 channels, including left FPC, left DLPFC, bilateral OFC, IFG, middle TG, supplementary motor cortex and Broca's area, while SZ showed lower activity in channel 35 (right OFC) than OCD patients. Across all ROIs, compared to the NC group, both SZ and OCD groups showed reduced activity in 7 ROIs, including left FPC, bilateral OFC, IFG and TG, while SZ showed lower activity in the right OFC than OCD group, which were almost consistent with the results based on channels. This study suggests SZ and OCD present with some similar neuropathological changes, while SZ shows more severe impairment in the right OFC than OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Fu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenxiang Quan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Tian Li
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Wentian Dong
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Jiuju Wang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Ju Tian
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Jinmin Liao
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
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Qi Y, Wei Y, Yu F, Lin Q, Yin J, Fu J, Xiong S, Lv D, Dai Z, Peng Q, Wang Y, Zhang D, Wang L, Ye X, Lin Z, Lin J, Ma G, Li K, Luo X. Association study of a genetic variant in the long intergenic noncoding RNA (linc01080) with schizophrenia in Han Chinese. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:613. [PMID: 34879837 PMCID: PMC8653569 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03623-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is currently considered to be a polygene-related disease with unknown etiology. This research will verify whether the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the long intergenic noncoding RNA01080 (linc01080) contributes to the susceptibility and phenotypic heterogeneity of schizophrenia, with a view to providing data support for the prevention and individualized treatment of this disease. METHOD The SNP rs7990916 in linc01080 were genotyped in 1139 schizophrenic and 1039 controls in a Southern Chinese Han population by the improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (imLDR) technique. Meanwhile, we assessed and analyzed the association between this SNP and schizophrenics' clinical symptoms, and the cognitive function. RESULT There was no significant difference in genotype distribution, allele frequency distribution, gender stratification analysis between the two groups. However, the SNP of rs7990916 was significantly associated with the age of onset in patients with schizophrenia (P = 8.22E-07), patients with T allele had earlier onset age compared with CC genotype carriers. In terms of cognitive function, patients with T allele scored lower than CC genotype carriers in the Tower of London score and symbol coding score in the Brief assessment of Cognition (BACS), and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.014, P = 0.022, respectively). CONCLUSION Our data show for the first time that linc01080 polymorphism may affect the age of onset and neurocognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qi
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023 China
| | - Yaxue Wei
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China ,grid.410652.40000 0004 6003 7358Psychiatric and Psychological Clinical Rehabilitation Center, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021 China
| | - Fengyan Yu
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078The Second Clinical School, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808 China
| | - Qianxing Lin
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023 China
| | - Jingwen Yin
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Jiawu Fu
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Susu Xiong
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Dong Lv
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Zhun Dai
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Qian Peng
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Ying Wang
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Lulu Wang
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Xiaoqing Ye
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Zhixiong Lin
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Juda Lin
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001 China
| | - Guoda Ma
- grid.410560.60000 0004 1760 3078Maternal and Children’s Health Research Institute, Shunde Maternal and Children’s Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Foshan, 528300 China
| | - Keshen Li
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. .,Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Xudong Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
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21
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Cascella N, Butala AA, Mills K, Kim MJ, Salimpour Y, Wojtasievicz T, Hwang B, Cullen B, Figee M, Moran L, Lenz F, Sawa A, Schretlen DJ, Anderson W. Deep Brain Stimulation of the Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata for Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A Case Report. Biol Psychiatry 2021; 90:e57-e59. [PMID: 33906736 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Cascella
- Johns Hopkins Schizophrenia Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Ankur A Butala
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kelly Mills
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Min Jae Kim
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yousef Salimpour
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Teresa Wojtasievicz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Brian Hwang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bernadette Cullen
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Martijn Figee
- Nash Family Center for Advanced Circuit Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Lauren Moran
- Division of Psychotic Disorders, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts
| | - Fred Lenz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Akira Sawa
- Johns Hopkins Schizophrenia Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David J Schretlen
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William Anderson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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22
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Zhou HY, Shi LJ, Shen YM, Fang YM, He YQ, Li HB, Luo XR, Cheung EFC, Chan RCK. Altered topographical organization of grey matter structural network in early-onset schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 316:111344. [PMID: 34358964 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by both disrupted neurodevelopmental processes and abnormal brain connectivity. However, few studies have examined the atypical features of brain network topography associated with schizophrenia during childhood and adolescence. We used graph theory to compare the grey matter structural networks of individuals (aged 10-15 years) with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) (n = 25) and a typically-developing (TD) comparison group (n = 31). Compared with the TD group, EOS patients showed significantly increased clustering and local efficiency across a range of network densities (0.3 - 0.4). The network of EOS patients also had more modules (6 modules in EOS vs. 3 modules in controls), indicating a more segregated network at the cost of functional integration. Although our results were preliminary and failed to survive corrections for multiple comparisons, EOS patients might be characterized by altered nodal centrality in several higher-order associative regions including the prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus and the cerebellum. The EOS structural network also lacked the typical left-hemispheric-dominant hub distribution compared with the TD group. These findings suggest that brain structural network was not only globally but also regionally altered in EOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Zhou
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Juan Shi
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Education, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Mei Shen
- Mental Health Institute, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu-Min Fang
- Mental Health Institute, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu-Qiong He
- Mental Health Institute, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hua-Bing Li
- Medical Imaging Department, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xue-Rong Luo
- Mental Health Institute, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Eric F C Cheung
- Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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23
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Korann V, Appaji A, Jacob A, Devi P, Nagendra B, Chako DM, Padmanabha A, Thonse U, Bharath RD, Kumar V, Varambally S, Venkatasubramanian G, Rao SV, Webers CAB, Berendschot TTJM, Rao NP. Association between retinal vascular caliber and brain structure in schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2021; 61:102707. [PMID: 34052670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several lines of research in the last decade have indicated the potential utility of retina as a window to the brain. Emerging evidence suggests abnormalities in retinal vascular caliber in schizophrenia. However, the relationship between retinal vascular measures and brain structure has not been examined in schizophrenia to date. Hence, we examined the relationship between retinal vasculature measured using fundus photography and brain structure measured using magnetic resonance imaging. METHOD We recruited 17 healthy volunteers and 20 patients with schizophrenia. Using a non-mydriatic camera, we captured the images for left and right eyes separately and retinal vascular calibers were calculated using a semi-automated software package. Whole-brain anatomical T1 MPRAGE images were acquired using a 3-Tesla MRI scanner. Whole-brain and regional volume and cortical thickness were calculated using the Freesurfer software package. We used FreeSurfer's QDEC interface to compute vertex-by-vertex for analysis of the volume and cortical thickness. The relation between brain volume, cortical thickness, and retinal vascular caliber was examined using partial correlation and regression analysis. RESULTS There was a significant negative correlation between average CRVE and global cortical mean thickness in schizophrenia but not in healthy. In schizophrenia patients, there was a significant negative correlation between average CRVE and cortical thickness in frontal regions - left rostral middle frontal, left superior frontal, and right caudal middle frontal gyri and posterior brain regions - left lateral occipital gyrus and left posterior cingulate cortex. DISCUSSION The findings of the study suggest potential utility of retinal venular diameter as a proxy marker to abnormal neurodevelopment in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittal Korann
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Abhishek Appaji
- Department of Medical Electronics, BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
| | - Arpitha Jacob
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Priyanka Devi
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Bhargavi Nagendra
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Dona Maria Chako
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Ananth Padmanabha
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Umesh Thonse
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Rose Dawn Bharath
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | - Shyam Vasudeva Rao
- Department of Medical Electronics, BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
| | - Carroll A B Webers
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tos T J M Berendschot
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Naren P Rao
- National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
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24
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Scarborough J, Mattei D, Dorner-Ciossek C, Sand M, Arban R, Rosenbrock H, Richetto J, Meyer U. Symptomatic and preventive effects of the novel phosphodiesterase-9 inhibitor BI 409306 in an immune-mediated model of neurodevelopmental disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1526-1534. [PMID: 33941860 PMCID: PMC8209175 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BI 409306, a phosphodiesterase-9 inhibitor under development for treatment of schizophrenia and attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS), promotes synaptic plasticity and cognition. Here, we explored the effects of BI 409306 treatment in the polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidilic acid (poly[I:C])-based mouse model of maternal immune activation (MIA), which is relevant to schizophrenia and APS. In Study 1, adult offspring received BI 409306 0.2, 0.5, or 1 mg/kg or vehicle to establish an active dose. In Study 2, adult offspring received BI 409306 1 mg/kg and/or risperidone 0.025 mg/kg, risperidone 0.05 mg/kg, or vehicle, to evaluate BI 409306 as add-on to standard therapy for schizophrenia. In Study 3, offspring received BI 409306 1 mg/kg during adolescence only, or continually into adulthood to evaluate preventive effects of BI 409306. We found that BI 409306 significantly mitigated MIA-induced social interaction deficits and amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion, but not prepulse inhibition impairments, in a dose-dependent manner (Study 1). Furthermore, BI 409306 1 mg/kg alone or in combination with risperidone 0.025 mg/kg significantly reversed social interaction deficits and attenuated amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion in MIA offspring (Study 2). Finally, we revealed that BI 409306 1 mg/kg treatment restricted to adolescence prevented adult deficits in social interaction, whereas continued treatment into adulthood also significantly reduced amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion (Study 3). Taken together, our findings suggest that symptomatic treatment with BI 409306 can restore social interaction deficits and dopaminergic dysfunctions in a MIA model of neurodevelopmental disruption, lending preclinical support to current clinical trials of BI 409306 in patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, BI 409306 given during adolescence has preventive effects on adult social interaction deficits in this model, supporting its use in people with APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Scarborough
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Mattei
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Dorner-Ciossek
- Department of CNS Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Michael Sand
- Department of Medicine, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - Roberto Arban
- Department of CNS Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Holger Rosenbrock
- Department of CNS Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Juliet Richetto
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zürich, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Meyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich-Vetsuisse, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zürich, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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25
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Bristow GC, Thomson DM, Openshaw RL, Mitchell EJ, Pratt JA, Dawson N, Morris BJ. 16p11 Duplication Disrupts Hippocampal-Orbitofrontal-Amygdala Connectivity, Revealing a Neural Circuit Endophenotype for Schizophrenia. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107536. [PMID: 32320645 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 16p11.2 duplications dramatically increase risk for schizophrenia, but the mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we show that mice with an equivalent genetic mutation (16p11.2 duplication mice) exhibit impaired hippocampal-orbitofrontal and hippocampal-amygdala functional connectivity. Expression of schizophrenia-relevant GABAergic cell markers (parvalbumin and calbindin) is selectively decreased in orbitofrontal cortex, while somatostatin expression is decreased in lateral amygdala. When 16p11.2 duplication mice are tested in cognitive tasks dependent on hippocampal-orbitofrontal connectivity, performance is impaired in an 8-arm maze "N-back" working memory task and in a touchscreen continuous performance task. Consistent with hippocampal-amygdala dysconnectivity, deficits in ethologically relevant social behaviors are also observed. Overall, the cellular/molecular, brain network, and behavioral alterations markedly mirror those observed in schizophrenia patients. Moreover, the data suggest that 16p11.2 duplications selectively impact hippocampal-amygdaloid-orbitofrontal circuitry, supporting emerging ideas that dysfunction in this network is a core element of schizophrenia and defining a neural circuit endophenotype for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg C Bristow
- Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - David M Thomson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Rebecca L Openshaw
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, West Medical Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Emma J Mitchell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Judith A Pratt
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Neil Dawson
- Department of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Brian J Morris
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, West Medical Building, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
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26
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Xiang Z, Lv X, Lin X, O'Brien DE, Altman MK, Lindsley CW, Javitch JA, Niswender CM, Conn PJ. Input-specific regulation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the medial prefrontal cortex by mGlu 2/mGlu 4 receptor heterodimers. Sci Signal 2021; 14:14/677/eabd2319. [PMID: 33824180 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abd2319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are G protein-coupled receptors that regulate various aspects of central nervous system processing in normal physiology and in disease. They are thought to function as disulfide-linked homodimers, but studies have suggested that mGluRs can form functional heterodimers in cell lines. Using selective allosteric ligands, ex vivo brain slice electrophysiology, and optogenetic approaches, we found that two mGluR subtypes-mGluR2 and mGluR4 (or mGlu2 and mGlu4)-exist as functional heterodimers that regulate excitatory transmission in a synapse-specific manner within the rodent medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Activation of mGlu2/mGlu4 heterodimers inhibited glutamatergic signaling at thalamo-mPFC synapses but not at hippocampus-mPFC or amygdala-mPFC synapses. These findings raise the possibility that selectively targeting these heterodimers could be a therapeutic strategy for some neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders involving specific brain circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiu Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Xiaohui Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Daniel E O'Brien
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Molly K Altman
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jonathan A Javitch
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. .,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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27
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Øie MG, Sundet K, Haug E, Zeiner P, Klungsøyr O, Rund BR. Cognitive Performance in Early-Onset Schizophrenia and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A 25-Year Follow-Up Study. Front Psychol 2021; 11:606365. [PMID: 33519613 PMCID: PMC7841368 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.606365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-Onset Schizophrenia (EOS) and Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are early- onset neurodevelopmental disorders associated with cognitive deficits. The current study represents the first attempt to compare these groups on a comprehensive cognitive test battery in a longitudinal design over 25 years in order to enhance our knowledge of particular patterns resulting from the interaction between normal maturational processes and different illness processes of these disorders. In the baseline study, 19 adolescents with schizophrenia were compared to 20 adolescents with ADHD and 30 healthy controls (HC), all between 12 and 18 years of age. After 13 years (T2) and after 25 years (T3) they were re-evaluated with the cognitive test battery. A cognitive Composite Score was used in a linear mixed model. The EOS group had a significant cognitive stagnation or deterioration from T1 to T2 compared to HC. However, the EOS group had the most positive change from T2 to T3, supporting a stable level of cognitive performance over the 25 year span. The ADHD group improved or had similar development as the HC group from T1 to T2. They continued to improve significantly compared to the HC group from T2 to T3. Individuals in the EOS group performed more impaired on the cognitive composite score compared to the HC group and the ADHD group at all three time points. Results might indicate a neurodevelopmental pathway of EOS with subnormal cognitive development specific in adolescence. In comparison, the ADHD group had a more consistent cognitive maturation supporting a maturational delay hypothesis of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merete G Øie
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Kjetil Sundet
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Haug
- Division of Mental Health, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Ottestad, Norway
| | - Pål Zeiner
- Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Bjørn R Rund
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
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28
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OSERR: an open-source standalone electrophysiology recording system for rodents. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16996. [PMID: 33046761 PMCID: PMC7552399 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73797-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral assessment of rodents is critical for investigation of brain function in health and disease. In vivo neurophysiological recordings are powerful tools to mechanistically dissect neural pathways that underlie behavioral changes, and serve as markers for dynamics, efficacy and safety of potential therapeutic approaches. However, most in vivo recording systems require tethers or telemetry receivers, limiting their compatibility with some behavioral tests. Here, we developed an open-source standalone electrophysiology recording system for rodents (OSERR). It is a tether-free, standalone recording device with two channels, a reference and a ground, that acquires, amplifies, filters and stores data all in itself. Thus, it does not require any cable or receiver. It is also compact and light-weight, and compatible with juvenile mice, as well as multiple recording modalities and standard electrode implantation methods. In addition, we provide the complete design of hardware, and software for operation. As an example, we demonstrated that this standalone system, when configured with a bandwidth of 1–120 Hz and gain of 1000, successfully collected EEG signals during induced seizure, extended recording, anesthesia, and social interactions in mice. The design of this system is practical, economical, and freely available. Thus, this system could enable recording of brain activity during diverse behavioral assays in a variety of arenas and settings, and allow simultaneous recordings from multiple subjects to examine social behaviors. Importantly, with the open-source documentation, researchers could customize the design of the system to their specific needs.
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29
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Efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation in ameliorating negative symptoms and cognitive impairments in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophr Res 2020; 224:2-10. [PMID: 33129639 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Negative symptoms and cognitive impairments in schizophrenia patients are associated with the patients' functional outcomes and quality of life. However, pharmacotherapy has little effect on such symptoms. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in ameliorating negative symptoms and cognitive impairments in schizophrenia patients. METHODS A literature search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library databases through March 23, 2020. Studies were included if they met all the following criteria: (1) subjects were exclusively patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or psychosis, (2) active tDCS and shame stimulation were conducted in two parallel groups, (3) sufficient data were present, and (4) the study design was based on a randomized controlled trial. Two authors conducted the search strategy, publication assessment and data extraction independently, and a third person was consulted when any disagreement emerged. RESULTS A total of 14 studies were included (12 studies included negative symptoms and 7 studies included cognitive impairments). The overall meta-analysis showed no significant difference between active and sham tDCS in ameliorating negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients (SMD: -0.14, 95% CI: -0.33- 0.05). Subgroup analysis including studies with a high stimulation frequency, twice daily, revealed a significant difference in therapeutic effects between active tDCS and sham stimulation (SMD: -0.31, 95% CI: -0.58 to -0.05). With respect to cognitive impairments, there was a trend indicating that active tDCS might improve cognitive impairment (SMD: -0.21, 95% CI: -0.46- 0.04), but the overall meta-analysis failed to obtain statistically significant results. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis indicates that tDCS is a potential strategy for improving negative symptoms, but the therapeutic benefit for negative symptoms requires a high stimulation frequency (twice a day).
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Al-Absi AR, Qvist P, Okujeni S, Khan AR, Glerup S, Sanchez C, Nyengaard JR. Layers II/III of Prefrontal Cortex in Df(h22q11)/+ Mouse Model of the 22q11.2 Deletion Display Loss of Parvalbumin Interneurons and Modulation of Neuronal Morphology and Excitability. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4978-4988. [PMID: 32820460 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02067-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The 22q11.2 deletion has been identified as a risk factor for multiple neurodevelopmental disorders. Behavioral and cognitive impairments are common among carriers of the 22q11.2 deletion. Parvalbumin expressing (PV+) interneurons provide perisomatic inhibition of excitatory neuronal circuits through GABAA receptors, and a deficit of PV+ inhibitory circuits may underlie a multitude of the behavioral and functional deficits in the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. We investigated putative deficits of PV+ inhibitory circuits and the associated molecular, morphological, and functional alterations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the Df(h22q11)/+ mouse model of the 22q11.2 hemizygous deletion. We detected a significant decrease in the number of PV+ interneurons in layers II/III of PFC in Df(h22q11)/+ mice together with a reduction in the mRNA and protein levels of GABAA (α3), a PV+ putative postsynaptic receptor subunit. Pyramidal neurons from the same layers further experienced morphological reorganizations of spines and dendrites. Accordingly, a decrease in the levels of the postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and a higher neuronal activity in response to the GABAA antagonist bicuculline were measured in these layers in PFC of Df(h22q11)/+ mice compared with their wild-type littermates. Our study shows that a hemizygotic deletion of the 22q11.2 locus leads to deficit in the GABAergic control of network activity and involves molecular and morphological changes in both the inhibitory and excitatory synapses of parvalbumin interneurons and pyramidal neurons specifically in layers II/III PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Rahman Al-Absi
- Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy; Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced Bioimaging, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard, 99 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Per Qvist
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, CGPM, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Samora Okujeni
- Laboratory for Biomicrotechnology, Department of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ahmad Raza Khan
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Centre of Biomedical Research (CBMR), SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Simon Glerup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Connie Sanchez
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens R Nyengaard
- Centre for Molecular Morphology, Section for Stereology and Microscopy; Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced Bioimaging, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard, 99 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Blain SD, Grazioplene RG, Ma Y, DeYoung CG. Toward a Neural Model of the Openness-Psychoticism Dimension: Functional Connectivity in the Default and Frontoparietal Control Networks. Schizophr Bull 2020; 46:540-551. [PMID: 31603227 PMCID: PMC7147581 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbz103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Psychosis proneness has been linked to heightened Openness to Experience and to cognitive deficits. Openness and psychotic disorders are associated with the default and frontoparietal networks, and the latter network is also robustly associated with intelligence. We tested the hypothesis that functional connectivity of the default and frontoparietal networks is a neural correlate of the openness-psychoticism dimension. Participants in the Human Connectome Project (N = 1003) completed measures of psychoticism, openness, and intelligence. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to identify intrinsic connectivity networks. Structural equation modeling revealed relations among personality, intelligence, and network coherence. Psychoticism, openness, and especially their shared variance were related positively to default network coherence and negatively to frontoparietal coherence. These associations remained after controlling for intelligence. Intelligence was positively related to frontoparietal coherence. Research suggests that psychoticism and openness are linked in part through their association with connectivity in networks involving experiential simulation and cognitive control. We propose a model of psychosis risk that highlights roles of the default and frontoparietal networks. Findings echo research on functional connectivity in psychosis patients, suggesting shared mechanisms across the personality-psychopathology continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott D Blain
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Yizhou Ma
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Colin G DeYoung
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN
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Mohammad S, Page SJ, Wang L, Ishii S, Li P, Sasaki T, Basha A, Salzberg A, Quezado Z, Imamura F, Nishi H, Isaka K, Corbin JG, Liu JS, Kawasawa YI, Torii M, Hashimoto-Torii K. Kcnn2 blockade reverses learning deficits in a mouse model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Nat Neurosci 2020; 23:533-543. [PMID: 32203497 PMCID: PMC7131887 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-0592-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Learning disabilities are hallmarks of congenital conditions caused by prenatal exposure to harmful agents. Those include Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) with a wide range of cognitive deficiencies including impaired motor skill development. While these effects have been well characterized, the molecular effects that bring about these behavioral consequences remain to be determined. We have previously found that the acute molecular responses to alcohol in the embryonic brain are stochastic, varying among neural progenitor cells. However, the pathophysiological consequences stemming from these heterogeneous responses remain unknown. Here we show that acute responses to alcohol in progenitor cells alter gene expression in their descendant neurons. Among the altered genes, an increase of the calcium-activated potassium channel Kcnn2 in the motor cortex correlates with motor learning deficits in the mouse model of FASD. Pharmacologic blockade of Kcnn2 improves these learning deficits, suggesting Kcnn2 blockers as a novel intervention for learning disabilities in FASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Mohammad
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stephen J Page
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Seiji Ishii
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Peijun Li
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai, Wenzhou, China
| | - Toru Sasaki
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aiesha Basha
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anna Salzberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Zenaide Quezado
- The Sheikh Zayed Institute for Pediatric Surgical Innovation, Division of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Fumiaki Imamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Hirotaka Nishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Isaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Joshua G Corbin
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Judy S Liu
- Department of Neurology, Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.
| | - Masaaki Torii
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Kazue Hashimoto-Torii
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
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Kaleda VG, Bozjko OV, Akhadov TA, Tomyshev AS, Tikhonov DV, Lebedeva IS, Savvateeva NY. [Neuroanatomical brain profile of juvenile shiftlike schizophrenia: morphometry of grey matter in the prefrontal cortex and subcortical structures]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2020; 119:7-11. [PMID: 31626164 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20191190817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine neuroanatomical peculiarities of grey matter in some regions of the prefrontal cortex and several subcortical structures in patients with juvenile shift like schizophrenia (F20 ICD-10). MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-three young male patients and 54 mentally healthy men without family history of mental diseases underwent structural MRI with T1 high resolution images. RESULTS As compared to mentally healthy subjects, there was a decrease of grey matter thickness in all tested regions of the prefrontal cortex in patients. No between-group differences in subcortical structures volumes were found. No correlations between structural changes and psychopathological symptoms were observed. CONCLUSION Structural abnormalities of the frontal lobes in juvenile shift like schizophrenia are not associated with severity of psychopathological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Kaleda
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - O V Bozjko
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | - T A Akhadov
- Research Institute of emergency child surgery and traumatology, Moscow, Russia
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Gault JM, Thompson JA, Maharajh K, Hosokawa P, Stevens KE, Olincy A, Liedtke EI, Ojemann A, Ojemann S, Abosch A. Striatal and Thalamic Auditory Response During Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor: Implications for Psychosis. Neuromodulation 2020; 23:478-488. [PMID: 32022409 DOI: 10.1111/ner.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The P50, a positive auditory-evoked potential occurring 50 msec after an auditory click, has been characterized extensively with electroencephalography (EEG) to detect aberrant auditory electrophysiology in disorders like schizophrenia (SZ) where 61-74% have an auditory gating deficit. The P50 response occurs in primary auditory cortex and several thalamocortical regions. In rodents, the gated P50 response has been identified in the reticular thalamic nucleus (RT)-a deep brain structure traversed during deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting of the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus to treat essential tremor (ET) allowing for interspecies comparison. The goal was to utilize the unique opportunity provided by DBS surgery for ET to map the P50 response in multiple deep brain structures in order to determine the utility of intraoperative P50 detection for facilitating DBS targeting of auditory responsive subterritories. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a method to assess P50 response intraoperatively with local field potentials (LFP) using microelectrode recording during routine clinical electrophysiologic mapping for awake DBS surgery in seven ET patients. Recording sites were mapped into a common stereotactic space. RESULTS Forty significant P50 responses of 155 recordings mapped to the ventral thalamus, RT and CN head/body interface at similar rates of 22.7-26.7%. P50 response exhibited anatomic specificity based on distinct positions of centroids of positive and negative responses within brain regions and the fact that P50 response was not identified in the recordings from either the internal capsule or the dorsal thalamus. CONCLUSIONS Detection of P50 response intraoperatively may guide DBS targeting RT and subterritories within CN head/body interface-DBS targets with the potential to treat psychosis and shown to modulate schizophrenia-like aberrancies in mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Gault
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John A Thompson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Keeran Maharajh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Patrick Hosokawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Karen E Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ann Olincy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Erin I Liedtke
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alex Ojemann
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Steven Ojemann
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Aviva Abosch
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Hikida T, Yao S, Macpherson T, Fukakusa A, Morita M, Kimura H, Hirai K, Ando T, Toyoshiba H, Sawa A. Nucleus accumbens pathways control cell-specific gene expression in the medial prefrontal cortex. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1838. [PMID: 32020036 PMCID: PMC7000772 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58711-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is a critical component of a cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop regulating limbic and cognitive functions. Within this circuit, two distinct nucleus accumbens (NAc) output neuron types, dopamine D1 or D2 receptor-expressing neurons, dynamically control the flow of information through basal ganglia nuclei that eventually project back to the mPFC to complete the loop. Thus, chronic dysfunction of the NAc may result in mPFC transcriptomal changes, which in turn contribute to disease conditions associated with the mPFC and basal ganglia. Here, we used RNA sequencing to analyse differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the mPFC following a reversible neurotransmission blocking technique in D1 or D2 receptor-expressing NAc neurons, respectively (D1-RNB, or D2-RNB). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed that gene sets of layer 5b and 6 pyramidal neurons were enriched in DEGs of the mPFC downregulated in both NAc D1- and D2-RNB mice. In contrast, gene sets of layer 5a pyramidal neurons were enriched in upregulated DEGs of the mPFC in D1-RNB mice, and downregulated DEGs of the mPFC in D2-RNB mice. These findings reveal for the first time that NAc output pathways play an important role in controlling mPFC gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takatoshi Hikida
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Research and Drug Discovery, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Shuhei Yao
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1 Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Tom Macpherson
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Research and Drug Discovery, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ayumi Fukakusa
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1 Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Makiko Morita
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Research and Drug Discovery, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Haruhide Kimura
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1 Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hirai
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1 Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ando
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1 Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Toyoshiba
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1 Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8555, Japan
| | - Akira Sawa
- Departments of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Departments of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Departments of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
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Latusz J, Maćkowiak M. Early-life blockade of NMDA receptors induces epigenetic abnormalities in the adult medial prefrontal cortex: possible involvement in memory impairment in trace fear conditioning. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:231-248. [PMID: 31654083 PMCID: PMC6952333 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Several findings indicate that early-life dysfunction of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors might cause schizophrenia-like abnormalities in adulthood that might be induced by impairments in epigenetic regulation. OBJECTIVES In the present study, we investigated whether postnatal blockade of NMDA receptors (within the first 3 weeks of life) by the competitive antagonist CGP 37849 (CGP) might affect some epigenetic markers in the adult medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). METHODS Histone H3 phosphorylation at serine 10 (H3S10ph), histone H3 acetylation at lysine 9 or 14 (H3K9ac or H3K14ac, respectively), or expression of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 2, HDAC5, myocyte enhancer factor (MEF) 2D and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) were analysed. Moreover, we also evaluated whether the deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate (SB; 1.2 mg/kg, ip) could prevent behavioural and neurochemical changes in the mPFC induced by CGP during memory retrieval in the trace fear conditioning paradigm. RESULTS The results showed that CGP administration increased the number of H3S10ph nuclei but did not affect H3K9ac and H3K14ac or HDAC2 protein levels. However, CGP administration altered the HDAC5 mRNA and protein levels and increased the mRNA and protein levels of MEF2D. CGP also increased Arc mRNA, which was correlated with an increase in the amount of Arc DNA bound to MEF2D. SB given 2 h after training prevented impairment of the freezing response and disruption of epigenetic markers (H3S10ph, HDAC5, MEF2D) and Arc expression during memory retrieval induced by CGP administration. CONCLUSIONS The early-life blockade of NMDA receptors impairs some epigenetic regulatory processes in the mPFC that are involved in fear memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Latusz
- grid.413454.30000 0001 1958 0162Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Biostructure, Smętna Str. 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marzena Maćkowiak
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Biostructure, Smętna Str. 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
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Yang C, Zhang W, Yao L, Liu N, Shah C, Zeng J, Yang Z, Gong Q, Lui S. Functional Alterations of White Matter in Chronic Never-Treated and Treated Schizophrenia Patients. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 52:752-763. [PMID: 31859423 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is one of the most severe psychiatric disorders and dysfunction of gray matter (GM) has been usually investigated by resting-state functional (f)MRI. However, functional organization of white matter (WM) in chronic schizophrenia remains unclear. PURPOSE To investigate the WM functional alterations in chronic never-treated schizophrenia and the effects of long-term antipsychotic treatment. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Twenty-five never-treated, 41 matched antipsychotic-treated schizophrenia, and 25 healthy comparison subjects. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE Resting state (rs)-fMRI, T1 -weighted images (T1 WI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) covering the whole brain were acquired with a 3.0T scanner. ASSESSMENT Amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) in WM and the correlation coefficients between WM and GM were examined and compared among the three participant groups by two reviewers independently. Independent component analysis (ICA) was added to evaluate WM-fMRI signals. Statistical Tests: Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA); Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS Never-treated patients demonstrated lower ALFF in splenium of corpus callosum (SCC) relative to treated patients and controls (P < 0.001, false discovery rate [FDR]-corrected). While the extracted independent component also located in SCC and showed significantly decreased connectivity in never-treated patients when compared to controls (P < 0.05, FDR-corrected). The correlation coefficients of WM-GM displayed greater reductions in the genu of corpus callosum (GCC), pontine crossing tract (PC), bilateral cingulum (hippocampus) (CGH), and bilateral corticospinal tract (CST) in treated patients relative to controls (P < 0.05, FDR-corrected). DATA CONCLUSION These findings provide new insight into WM functional alterations over the long-term course of schizophrenia with and without the potential effects of antipsychotic medication. Functional change and abnormal connectivity in SCC were both found greater in untreated patients than treated patients relative to healthy controls, suggesting that long-term antipsychotic treatment may show some protective effects on WM functional organization. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:752-763.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengmin Yang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Naici Liu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chandan Shah
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxin Zeng
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhipeng Yang
- College of Electronic Engineering, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Su Lui
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Cognitive functions associated with developing prefrontal cortex during adolescence and developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 131:104322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Tan T, Wang W, Williams J, Ma K, Cao Q, Yan Z. Stress Exposure in Dopamine D4 Receptor Knockout Mice Induces Schizophrenia-Like Behaviors via Disruption of GABAergic Transmission. Schizophr Bull 2019; 45:1012-1023. [PMID: 30476265 PMCID: PMC6737476 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sby163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A combination of genetic and environmental risk factors has been considered as the pathogenic cause for mental disorders including schizophrenia. Here, we sought to find out whether the abnormality of the dopamine system, coupled with the exposure to modest stress, is sufficient to trigger the manifestation of schizophrenia-like behaviors. We found that exposing dopamine D4 receptor knockout (D4KO) mice with 1-week restraint stress (2 h/d) induced significant deficits in sensorimotor gating, cognitive processes, social engagement, as well as the elevated exploratory behaviors, which are reminiscent to schizophrenia phenotypes. Electrophysiological studies found that GABAergic transmission was significantly reduced in prefrontal cortical neurons from stressed D4KO mice. Additionally, administration of diazepam, a GABA enhancer, restored GABAergic synaptic responses and ameliorated some behavioral abnormalities in stressed D4KO mice. These results have revealed that the combination of 2 key genetic and environmental susceptibility factors, dopamine dysfunction and stress, is a crucial trigger for schizophrenia-like phenotypes, and GABA system in the prefrontal cortex is a downstream convergent target that mediates some behavioral outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY,Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jamal Williams
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY
| | - Kaijie Ma
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY
| | - Qing Cao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY,To whom correspondence should be addressed; tel: 716-829-3058, fax: 716-829-2344, e-mail:
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Popov MM, Pluzhnikov IV, Kaleda VG. [Procognitive effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the light of neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2019; 119:120-126. [PMID: 31089106 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2019119031120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a relatively new method of non-invasive therapy of mental and neurological diseases that has great potential of therapeutic and diagnostic application. In schizophrenia, TMS may exert a positive effect on cognitive deficit. However this issue remains open. The authors analyze recent studies focused on the dynamics of neurocognitive deficit in TMS therapy and consider clinical effects of TMS in schizophrenia. The analysis has shown that TMS is successfully implemented in treatment of auditory positive symptoms and studies on its effect on negative symptoms of schizophrenia are perspective. Procognitive effect was found in working memory domain, and partially in perception domain within the perception of faces and facial expressions. The data on regulative functions, attention, speech, and nondeclarative memory remains controversial. It has been concluded that further research is needed to clarify the place of TMS in schizophrenia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Popov
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - V G Kaleda
- Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia
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41
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Belov DR, Efimova EV, Fesenko ZS, Antonova KA, Kolodyazhny SF, Lakstygal AM, Gainetdinov RR. Putative Trace-Amine Associated Receptor 5 (TAAR5) Agonist α-NETA Increases Electrocorticogram Gamma-Rhythm in Freely Moving Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 40:203-213. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00716-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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López-González I, Pinacho R, Vila È, Escanilla A, Ferrer I, Ramos B. Neuroinflammation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in elderly chronic schizophrenia. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:384-396. [PMID: 30630651 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive deterioration and symptom progression occur in schizophrenia over the course of the disorder. A dysfunction of the immune system/neuroinflammatory pathways has been linked to schizophrenia (SZ). These altered processes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) could contribute to the worsening of the deficits. However, limited studies are available in this brain region in elderly population with long-term treatments. In this study, we explore the possible deregulation of 21 key genes involved in immune homeostasis, including pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, cytokine modulators (toll-like receptors, colony-stimulating factors, and members of the complement system) and microglial and astroglial markers in the DLPFC in elderly chronic schizophrenia. We used quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on extracts from postmortem DLPFC of elderly subjects with chronic SZ (n = 14) compared to healthy control individuals (n = 14). We report that CSF1R, TLR4, IL6, TNFα, TNFRSF1A, IL10, IL10RA, IL10RB, and CD68 were down-regulated in elderly SZ subjects. Moreover, we found that the expression levels of all the altered inflammatory genes in SZ correlated with the microglial marker CD68. However, no associations were found with the astroglial marker GFAP. This study reveals a decrease in the gene expression of cytokines and immune response/inflammation mediators in the DLPFC of elderly subjects with chronic schizophrenia, supporting the idea of a dysfunction of these processes in aged patients and its possible relationship with active microglia abundance. These findings include elements that might contribute to the cognitive decline and symptom progression linked to DLPFC functioning at advanced stages of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene López-González
- Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Pinacho
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Èlia Vila
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Ana Escanilla
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Banc de Teixits Neurologics, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Patologia i Terapeutica Experimental, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERNED (Biomedical Network Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Belén Ramos
- Psiquiatria Molecular, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Santa Rosa 39-57, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM (Biomedical Network Research Center of Mental Health), Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Dept. de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
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43
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Viviano JD, Buchanan RW, Calarco N, Gold JM, Foussias G, Bhagwat N, Stefanik L, Hawco C, DeRosse P, Argyelan M, Turner J, Chavez S, Kochunov P, Kingsley P, Zhou X, Malhotra AK, Voineskos AN. Resting-State Connectivity Biomarkers of Cognitive Performance and Social Function in Individuals With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder and Healthy Control Subjects. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:665-674. [PMID: 29779671 PMCID: PMC6177285 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficits in neurocognition and social cognition are drivers of reduced functioning in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, with potentially shared neurobiological underpinnings. Many studies have sought to identify brain-based biomarkers of these clinical variables using a priori dichotomies (e.g., good vs. poor cognition, deficit vs. nondeficit syndrome). METHODS We evaluated a fully data-driven approach to do the same by building and validating a brain connectivity-based biomarker of social cognitive and neurocognitive performance in a sample using resting-state and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (n = 74 healthy control participants, n = 114 persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, 188 total). We used canonical correlation analysis followed by clustering to identify a functional connectivity signature of normal and poor social cognitive and neurocognitive performance. RESULTS Persons with poor social cognitive and neurocognitive performance were differentiated from those with normal performance by greater resting-state connectivity in the mirror neuron and mentalizing systems. We validated our findings by showing that poor performers also scored lower on functional outcome measures not included in the original analysis and by demonstrating neuroanatomical differences between the normal and poorly performing groups. We used a support vector machine classifier to demonstrate that functional connectivity alone is enough to distinguish normal and poorly performing participants, and we replicated our findings in an independent sample (n = 75). CONCLUSIONS A brief functional magnetic resonance imaging scan may ultimately be useful in future studies aimed at characterizing long-term illness trajectories and treatments that target specific brain circuitry in those with impaired cognition and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Viviano
- Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Research Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Robert W Buchanan
- Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Catonsville, Maryland
| | - Navona Calarco
- Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Research Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - James M Gold
- Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Catonsville, Maryland
| | - George Foussias
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Nikhil Bhagwat
- Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Research Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Brain Imaging Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laura Stefanik
- Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Research Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Colin Hawco
- Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Research Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Pamela DeRosse
- Department of Psychiatry, The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, Hempstead, Manhasset; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Division of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, New York
| | - Miklos Argyelan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, Hempstead, Manhasset; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Division of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, New York
| | - Jessica Turner
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sofia Chavez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; MRI Unit, Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Catonsville, Maryland
| | - Peter Kingsley
- Department of Psychiatry, The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, Hempstead, Manhasset; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Division of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, New York
| | - Xiangzhi Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, Hempstead, Manhasset; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Division of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, New York
| | - Anil K Malhotra
- Department of Psychiatry, The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, Hempstead, Manhasset; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Division of Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, New York
| | - Aristotle N Voineskos
- Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Research Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario.
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Sun L, Min L, Li M, Shao F, Wang W. Transcriptomic analysis reveals oxidative phosphorylation activation in an adolescent social isolation rat model. Brain Res Bull 2018; 142:304-312. [PMID: 30142370 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors exert a sustained influence on the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (SCZ). Adolescent social isolation is regarded as a typical paradigm for SCZ. However, the underlying pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, adolescent Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were placed in isolation rearing (IR) or social rearing (SR) conditions from postnatal day (PND) 21 to 34 to establish a SCZ disease model and a control model, respectively. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) assays and elevated plus maze tests were performed on PND 56. Next, prefrontal cortex (PFC) tissues were isolated for transcriptomic sequencing and RT-qPCR analyses. The results indicated that adolescent social isolation induced anxious behaviors and disrupted PPIs as well as specific PFC gene expression patterns in adult SD rats. A total of 196 genes were identified as upregulated, and 748 genes were identified as down-regulated in the IR group compared with those in the SR group. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were highly enriched in the KEGG pathways associated with the comorbidity of neurological disorder and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS); 26 out of 27 comorbid neurological disorder-associated DEGs overlapped with 31 OXPHOS-associated DEGs. Those 26 overlapping DEGs were all upregulated in the IR group and could easily distinguish the IR group from the SR group; 6 of these DEGs (COX7C, NDUFB11, NDUFA2, NDUFC2, ATP5C1, and COX6A1) were verified by RT-qPCR. Here, we provide a systematic overview of gene expression alterations in adolescent-social-isolation-induced SCZ (ASI-SCZ), which suggests that genes that are associated with the comorbidity of neurological disorders, especially OXPHOS-related genes, contribute to the pathogenesis of ASI-SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Sun
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Psychology, School of Educational Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Feng Shao
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Weiwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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Osoegawa C, Gomes JS, Grigolon RB, Brietzke E, Gadelha A, Lacerda ALT, Dias ÁM, Cordeiro Q, Laranjeira R, de Jesus D, Daskalakis ZJ, Brunelin J, Cordes J, Trevizol AP. Non-invasive brain stimulation for negative symptoms in schizophrenia: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophr Res 2018; 197:34-44. [PMID: 29397282 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a mental disorder with significant socioeconomic burden. Although current pharmacological treatments are effective for treating positive symptoms, medications have little-to-no effect in the treatment of negative symptoms. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) for negative symptoms in schizophrenia in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). METHODS A systematic review in Medline and Cochrane Library databases was performed up to May 31, 2017. The primary outcome was Hedges' g for continuous scores in a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I2 and χ2 tests. Publication bias was assessed using Begg's funnel plot. RESULTS 31 RCTs (n = 1272) were included, most with small-to-modest sample sizes. Both repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) were superior to sham (Hedges' g = 0.19; 95% CI 0.07-0.32; and 0.5; 0.02-0.97, respectively). Only one study evaluated the use of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS). The funnel plot and Eggers test showed that the risk of publication bias was low. In relation to heterogeneity, we found an I2 of 0% (p = 0.749) and 51.3% (0.055) for rTMS and tDCS, respectively. CONCLUSION Both rTMS and tDCS were superior to sham stimulation for ameliorating negative symptoms in schizophrenia. We found no considerable heterogeneity or publication bias in our analysis, corroborating the strength of our findings. Not enough studies on other NIBS techniques, such as taVNS, were found for an isolated analysis. Further RCTs with larger sample sizes are needed to clarify the specific impact of NIBS on negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - July Silveira Gomes
- Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil; Schizophrenia Program, Federal University of São Paulo (PROESQ), Brazil
| | | | - Elisa Brietzke
- Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Ary Gadelha
- Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil; Schizophrenia Program, Federal University of São Paulo (PROESQ), Brazil
| | - Acioly L T Lacerda
- Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Research and Clinical Trials Sinapse-Bairral, Instituto Bairral de Psiquiatria, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jerome Brunelin
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon 1 University, Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Cordes
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alisson Paulino Trevizol
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; University of Toronto, Canada.
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Gomes J, Trevizol A, Ducos D, Gadelha A, Ortiz B, Fonseca A, Akiba H, Azevedo C, Guimaraes L, Shiozawa P, Cordeiro Q, Lacerda A, Dias A. Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on working memory and negative symptoms in schizophrenia: a phase II randomized sham-controlled trial. Schizophr Res Cogn 2018; 12:20-28. [PMID: 29552509 PMCID: PMC5852322 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of efficacy of pharmacological treatments for cognitive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia highlights the need for new interventions. We investigated the effects of tDCS on working memory and negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. METHOD Double-blinded, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial, investigating the effects of 10 sessions of tDCS in schizophrenia subjects. Stimulation used 2 mA, for 20 min, with electrodes of 25 cm2 wrapped in cotton material soaked in saline solution. Anode was positioned over the left DLPFC and the cathode in the contralateral area. Twenty-four participants were assessed at baseline, after intervention and in a three-months follow-up. The primary outcome was the working memory score from MATRICS and the secondary outcome the negative score from PANSS. Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS We did not find group ∗ time interaction for the working memory (p = 0.720) score or any other cognitive variable (p > 0.05). We found a significant group ∗ time interaction for PANSS negative (p < 0.001, d = 0.23, CI.95 = -0.59-1.02), general (p = 0.011) and total scores (p < 0.001). Exploratory analysis of PANSS 5 factors suggests tDCS effect on PANSS negative (p = 0.012), cognitive (p = 0.016) and depression factors (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION The results from this trial highlight the therapeutic effects of tDCS for treatment of persistent symptoms in schizophrenia, with reduction of negative symptoms. We were not able to confirm the superiority of active tDCS over sham to improve working memory performance. Larger sample size studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.S. Gomes
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Neuromodulation Studies, Dep. of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A.P. Trevizol
- Center for Neuromodulation Studies, Dep. of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Reference Center for Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drugs (CRATOD), Sao Paulo State Secretariat of Health, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - D.V. Ducos
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Neuromodulation Studies, Dep. of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A. Gadelha
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Neuromodulation Studies, Dep. of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - B.B. Ortiz
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A.O. Fonseca
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - H.T. Akiba
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Neuromodulation Studies, Dep. of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C.C. Azevedo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Neuromodulation Studies, Dep. of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L.S.P. Guimaraes
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unity, Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - P. Shiozawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Santa Casa School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Q. Cordeiro
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Neuromodulation Studies, Dep. of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A. Lacerda
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Neuromodulation Studies, Dep. of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Research and Clinical Trials Sinapse-Bairral, Instituto Bairral de Psiquiatria, Itapira, Brazil
| | - A.M. Dias
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Center for Neuromodulation Studies, Dep. of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Du X, Serena K, Hwang WJ, Grech A, Wu Y, Schroeder A, Hill R. Prefrontal cortical parvalbumin and somatostatin expression and cell density increase during adolescence and are modified by BDNF and sex. Mol Cell Neurosci 2018; 88:177-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Sakurai T. Circuitry-Based Human Neuroanatomy for the Next Generation in Psychiatry and Neuroscience. MOLECULAR NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2017; 3:92-96. [PMID: 29230397 DOI: 10.1159/000479514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Sakurai
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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van den Munkhof HE, Arnt J, Celada P, Artigas F. The antipsychotic drug brexpiprazole reverses phencyclidine-induced disruptions of thalamocortical networks. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 27:1248-1257. [PMID: 29128144 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brexpiprazole (BREX), a recently approved antipsychotic drug in the US and Canada, improves cognitive dysfunction in animal models, by still largely unknown mechanisms. BREX is a partial agonist at 5-HT1A and D2 receptors and antagonist at α1B- and α2C-adrenergic and 5-HT2A receptors all with a similar potency. The NMDA receptor antagonist phencyclidine (PCP), used as pharmacological model of schizophrenia, activates thalamocortical networks and decreases low frequency oscillations (LFO; <4 Hz). These effects are reversed by antipsychotics. Here we assessed the ability of BREX to reverse PCP-induced hyperactivity of thalamocortical circuits, and the involvement of 5-HT1A receptors in its therapeutic action. BREX reversed PCP-induced neuronal activation at a lower dose in centromedial/mediodorsal thalamic nuclei (CM/MD; 0.5mg/kg) than in pyramidal medial prefrontal cortex neurons (mPFC, 2mg/kg), perhaps due to antagonism at α1B-adrenoceptors, abundantly expressed in the thalamus. Conversely, a cumulative 0.5 mg/kg dose reversed a PCP-induced LFO decrease in mPFC but not in CM/MD. BREX reduced LFO in both areas, yet with a different dose-response, and moderately excited mPFC neurons. The latter effect was reversed by the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635. Thus, BREX partly antagonizes PCP-induced thalamocortical hyperactivity, differentially in mPFC versus CM/MD. This regional selectivity may be related to the differential expression of α1B-, α2C-adrenergic and 5-HT2A receptors in both regions and/or different neuronal types. Furthermore, the pro-cognitive properties of BREX may be related to the 5-HT1A receptor-mediated increase in mPFC pyramidal neuron activity. Overall, the present data provide new insight on the brain elements involved in BREX's therapeutic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna E van den Munkhof
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, CSIC-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jørn Arnt
- Lundbeck: Synaptic Transmission, Neuroscience Drug Discovery, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark; Sunred Pharma Consulting ApS, Svend Gonges Vej 11A, DK-2680 Solrod Strand, Denmark
| | - Pau Celada
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, CSIC-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francesc Artigas
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, CSIC-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental), Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
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50
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Furth KE, McCoy AJ, Dodge C, Walters JR, Buonanno A, Delaville C. Neuronal correlates of ketamine and walking induced gamma oscillations in the medial prefrontal cortex and mediodorsal thalamus. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186732. [PMID: 29095852 PMCID: PMC5667758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the function of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and its major thalamic source of innervation, the mediodorsal (MD) thalamus, have been hypothesized to contribute to the symptoms of schizophrenia. The NMDAR antagonist ketamine, used to model schizophrenia, elicits a brain state resembling early stage schizophrenia characterized by cognitive deficits and increases in cortical low gamma (40-70 Hz) power. Here we sought to determine how ketamine differentially affects spiking and gamma local field potential (LFP) activity in the rat mPFC and MD thalamus. Additionally, we investigated the ability of drugs targeting the dopamine D4 receptor (D4R) to modify the effects of ketamine on gamma activity as a measure of potential cognitive therapeutic efficacy. Rats were trained to walk on a treadmill to reduce confounds related to hyperactivity after ketamine administration (10 mg/kg s.c.) while recordings were obtained from electrodes chronically implanted in the mPFC and MD thalamus. Ketamine increased gamma LFP power in mPFC and MD thalamus in a similar frequency range, yet did not increase thalamocortical synchronization. Ketamine also increased firing rates and spike synchronization to gamma oscillations in the mPFC but decreased both measures in MD thalamus. Conversely, walking alone increased both firing rates and spike-gamma LFP correlations in both mPFC and MD thalamus. The D4R antagonist alone (L-745,870) had no effect on gamma LFP power during treadmill walking, although it reversed increases induced by the D4R agonist (A-412997) in both mPFC and MD thalamus. Neither drug altered ketamine-induced changes in gamma power or firing rates in the mPFC. However, in MD thalamus, the D4R agonist increased ketamine-induced gamma power and prevented ketamine's inhibitory effect on firing rates. Results provide new evidence that ketamine differentially modulates spiking and gamma power in MD thalamus and mPFC, supporting a potential role for both areas in contributing to ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina E. Furth
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Section on Molecular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alex J. McCoy
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Caroline Dodge
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Judith R. Walters
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Andres Buonanno
- Section on Molecular Neurobiology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Claire Delaville
- Neurophysiological Pharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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