1
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Peng Z, Hu W, Yang X, Liu Q, Shi X, Tang X, Zhao P, Xia Q. Overexpression of bond-forming active protein for efficient production of silk with structural changes and properties enhanced in silkworm. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:129780. [PMID: 38290638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Silkworm silk exhibits excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and has potential applications in the biomedical sector. This study focused on enhancing the mechanical properties of Bombyx mori silk by overexpressing three bond-forming active proteins (BFAPs): AFP, HSP, and CRP in the silk glands of silkworms. Rheological tests confirmed increased viscoelasticity in the liquid fibroin stock solution of transgenic silkworms, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) indicated that all three BFAPs participated in the interactions between fibroin molecular networks in transgenic silk. The mechanical property assay indicated that all three BFAPs improved the mechanical characteristics of transgenic silk, with AFP and HSP having the most significant effects. A synchrotron radiation Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy assay showed that all three BFAPs increased the β-sheet content of transgenic silk. Synchrotron radiation wide-angle X-ray diffraction assay showed that all three BFAPs changed the crystallinity, crystal size, and orientation factor of the silk. AFP and HSP significantly improved the mechanical attributes of transgenic silk through increased crystallinity, refined crystal size, and a slight decrease in orientation. This study opens new possibilities for modifying silk and other fiber materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangchuan Peng
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Institute of Advanced Pathology, Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Wenbo Hu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - XiaoTing Shi
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xin Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine & Health Science, Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing 400716, China.
| | - Qingyou Xia
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science, Chongqing 400716, China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Chongqing 400716, China.
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2
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Wang R, Fujie T, Itaya H, Wada N, Takahashi K. Force-Induced Alignment of Nanofibrillated Bacterial Cellulose for the Enhancement of Cellulose Composite Macrofibers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:69. [PMID: 38203239 PMCID: PMC10778714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose, as an important renewable bioresource, exhibits excellent mechanical properties along with intrinsic biodegradability. It is expected to replace non-degradable plastics and reduce severe environmental pollution. In this study, using dry jet-wet spinning and stretching methods, we fabricate cellulose composite macrofibers using nanofibrillated bacterial cellulose (BCNFs) which were obtained by agitated fermentation. Ionic liquid (IL) was used as a solvent to perform wet spinning. In this process, force-induced alignment of BCNFs was applied to enhance the mechanical properties of the macrofibers. The results of scanning electron microscopy revealed the well-aligned structure of BCNF along the fiber axis. The fiber prepared with an extrusion rate of 30 m min-1 and a stretching ratio of 46% exhibited a strength of 174 MPa and a Young's modulus of 13.7 GPa. In addition, we investigated the co-spinning of carboxymethyl cellulose-containing BCNF with chitosan using IL as a "container", which indicated the compatibility of BCNFs with other polysaccharides. Recycling of the ionic liquid was also verified to validate the sustainability of our strategy. This study provides a scalable method to fabricate bacterial cellulose composite fibers, which can be applied in the textile or biomaterial industries with further functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochun Wang
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;
| | - Tetsuo Fujie
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; (T.F.); (H.I.); (N.W.)
| | - Hiroyuki Itaya
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; (T.F.); (H.I.); (N.W.)
| | - Naoki Wada
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; (T.F.); (H.I.); (N.W.)
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; (T.F.); (H.I.); (N.W.)
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3
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Heng W, Weihua L, Bachagha K. Review on design strategies and applications of flexible cellulose‑carbon nanotube functional composites. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121306. [PMID: 37739536 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Combining the excellent biocompatibility and mechanical flexibility of cellulose with the outstanding electrical, mechanical, optical and stability properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), cellulose-CNT composites have been extensively studied and applied to many flexible functional materials. In this review, we present advances in structural design strategies and various applications of cellulose-CNT composites. Firstly, the structural characteristics and corresponding treatments of cellulose and CNTs are analyzed, as are the potential interactions between the two to facilitate the formation of cellulose-CNT composites. Then, the design strategies and processing techniques of cellulose-CNT composites are discussed from the perspectives of cellulose fibers at the macroscopic scale (natural cotton, hemp, and other fibers; recycled cellulose fibers); nanocellulose at the micron scale (nanofibers, nanocrystals, etc.); and macromolecular chains at the molecular scale (cellulose solutions). Further, the applications of cellulose-CNT composites in various fields, such as flexible energy harvesting and storage devices, strain and humidity sensors, electrothermal devices, magnetic shielding, and photothermal conversion, are introduced. This review will help readers understand the design strategies of cellulose-CNT composites and develop potential high-performance applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Heng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China
| | - Li Weihua
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Kareem Bachagha
- Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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4
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Liu W, Liu H, Zhao Z, Liang D, Zhong WH, Zhang J. A novel structural design of cellulose-based conductive composite fibers for wearable e-textiles. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 321:121308. [PMID: 37739538 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose-based conductive composite fibers hold great promise in smart wearable applications, given cellulose's desirable properties for textiles. Blending conductive fillers with cellulose is the most common means of fiber production. Incorporating a high content of conductive fillers is demanded to achieve desirable conductivity. However, a high filler load deteriorates the processability and mechanical properties of the fibers. Here, developing wet-spun cellulose-based fibers with a unique side-by-side (SBS) structure via sustainable processing is reported. Sustainable sources (cotton linter and post-consumer cotton waste) and a biocompatible intrinsically conductive polymer (i.e., polyaniline, PANI) were engineered into fibers containing two co-continuous phases arranged side-by-side. One phase was neat cellulose serving as the substrate and providing good mechanical properties; another phase was a PANI-rich cellulose blend (50 wt%) affording electrical conductivity. Additionally, an eco-friendly LiOH/urea solvent system was adopted for the fiber spinning process. With the proper control of processing parameters, the SBS fibers demonstrated high conductivity and improved mechanical properties compared to single-phase cellulose and PANI blended fibers. The SBS fibers demonstrated great potential for wearable e-textile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangcheng Liu
- Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | - Hang Liu
- Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; Apparel, Merchandising, Design and Textiles, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | - Zihui Zhao
- Apparel, Merchandising, Design and Textiles, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Dan Liang
- Apparel, Merchandising, Design and Textiles, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Wei-Hong Zhong
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Jinwen Zhang
- Composite Materials and Engineering Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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5
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Chandrasekaran S, Cruz-Izquierdo A, Castaing R, Kandola B, Scott JL. Facile preparation of flame-retardant cellulose composite with biodegradable and water resistant properties for electronic device applications. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3168. [PMID: 36823347 PMCID: PMC9950140 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to produce flexible, flame-retardant, water-resistant and biodegradable composite materials. The ultimate goal of this research is to develop simple processes for the production of bio-based materials capable of replacing non-degradable substrates in printed circuit board. Cellulose was chosen as a renewable resource, and dissolved in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ionic liquid to prepare a cellulosic continuous film. Since flame retardancy is an important criterion for electronic device applications and cellulose is naturally flammable, we incorporated ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as a flame-retardant filler to increase the flame retardancy of the produced materials. The developed material achieved a UL-94 HB rating in the flammability test, while the cellulose sample without APP failed the test. Two hydrophobic agents, ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate and trichloro(octadecyl)silane were applied by a simple dip-coating technique to impart hydrophobicity to the cellulose-APP composites. Dynamic mechanical analysis indicated that the mechanical properties of the cellulosic materials were not significantly affected by the addition of APP or the hydrophobic agents. Moreover, the biodegradability of the cellulosic materials containing APP increased owing to the presence of the cellulase enzyme. The hydrophobic coating slightly decreased the biodegradability of cellulose-APP, but it was still higher than that of pure cellulose film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Chandrasekaran
- Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies and Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK. .,Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering, Presidency University, Rajanukunte, Itgalpura, Bangalore, 560064, India.
| | - Alvaro Cruz-Izquierdo
- grid.7340.00000 0001 2162 1699Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies and Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - Remi Castaing
- grid.7340.00000 0001 2162 1699Material and Chemical Characterisation Facility (MC2), University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
| | - Baljinder Kandola
- grid.36076.340000 0001 2166 3186Institute for Materials Research and Innovation, University of Bolton, Deane Road, Bolton, BL3 5AB UK
| | - Janet L. Scott
- grid.7340.00000 0001 2162 1699Centre for Sustainable Chemical Technologies and Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY UK
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6
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Peng Z, Hu W, Li X, Zhao P, Xia Q. Bending–Spinning Produces Silkworm and Spider Silk with Enhanced Mechanical Properties. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangchuan Peng
- Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing400716, China
| | - Wenbo Hu
- Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing400716, China
| | - Xinning Li
- Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing400716, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest University, Chongqing400716, China
- Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing400716, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest University, Chongqing400716, China
- Biological Science Research Center Southwest University, Chongqing400716, China
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7
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Sudhaik A, Raizada P, Ahamad T, Alshehri SM, Nguyen VH, Van Le Q, Thakur S, Thakur VK, Selvasembian R, Singh P. Recent advances in cellulose supported photocatalysis for pollutant mitigation: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1284-1308. [PMID: 36574582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In recent times, green chemistry or "green world" is a new and effective approach for sustainable environmental remediation. Among all biomaterials, cellulose is a vital material in research and green chemistry. Cellulose is the most commonly used natural biopolymer because of its distinctive and exceptional properties such as reproducibility, cost-effectiveness, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and universality. Generally, coupling cellulose with other nanocomposite materials enhances the properties like porosity and specific surface area. The polymer is environment-friendly, bioresorbable, and sustainable which not only justifies the requirements of a good photocatalyst but boosts the adsorption ability and degradation efficiency of the nanocomposite. Hence, knowing the role of cellulose to enhance photocatalytic activity, the present review is focused on the properties of cellulose and its application in antibiotics, textile dyes, phenol and Cr(VI) reduction, and degradation. The work also highlighted the degradation mechanism of cellulose-based photocatalysts, confirming cellulose's role as a support material to act as a sink and electron mediator, suppressing the charge carrier's recombination rate and enhancing the charge migration ability. The review also covers the latest progressions, leanings, and challenges of cellulose biomaterials-based nanocomposites in the photocatalysis field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Sudhaik
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 173229, India
| | - Pankaj Raizada
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 173229, India
| | - Tansir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad M Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Van-Huy Nguyen
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam-603103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Quyet Van Le
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sourbh Thakur
- Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, B. Krzywoustego 6 Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Centre, Scotland's Rural College, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Pardeep Singh
- School of Advanced Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, HP 173229, India.
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8
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Ray U, Zhu S, Pang Z, Li T. Mechanics Design in Cellulose-Enabled High-Performance Functional Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2002504. [PMID: 32794349 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The abundance of cellulose found in natural resources such as wood, and the wide spectrum of structural diversity of cellulose nanomaterials in the form of micro-nano-sized particles and fibers, have sparked a tremendous interest to utilize cellulose's intriguing mechanical properties in designing high-performance functional materials, where cellulose's structure-mechanics relationships are pivotal. In this progress report, multiscale mechanics understanding of cellulose, including the key role of hydrogen bonding, the dependence of structural interfaces on the spatial hydrogen bond density, the effect of nanofiber size and orientation on the fracture toughness, are discussed along with recent development on enabling experimental design techniques such as structural alteration, manipulation of anisotropy, interface and topology engineering. Progress in these fronts renders cellulose a prospect of being effectuated in an array of emerging sustainable applications and being fabricated into high-performance structural materials that are both strong and tough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upamanyu Ray
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Shuze Zhu
- Center for X-Mechanics, Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhenqian Pang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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9
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Darabi S, Hummel M, Rantasalo S, Rissanen M, Öberg Månsson I, Hilke H, Hwang B, Skrifvars M, Hamedi MM, Sixta H, Lund A, Müller C. Green Conducting Cellulose Yarns for Machine-Sewn Electronic Textiles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56403-56412. [PMID: 33284024 PMCID: PMC7747218 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of "green" electronics is a response to the pressing global situation where conventional electronics contribute to resource depletion and a global build-up of waste. For wearable applications, green electronic textile (e-textile) materials present an opportunity to unobtrusively incorporate sensing, energy harvesting, and other functionality into the clothes we wear. Here, we demonstrate electrically conducting wood-based yarns produced by a roll-to-roll coating process with an ink based on the biocompatible polymer:polyelectrolyte complex poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The developed e-textile yarns display a, for cellulose yarns, record-high bulk conductivity of 36 Scm-1, which could be further increased to 181 Scm-1 by adding silver nanowires. The PEDOT:PSS-coated yarn could be machine washed at least five times without loss in conductivity. We demonstrate the electrochemical functionality of the yarn through incorporation into organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). Moreover, by using a household sewing machine, we have manufactured an out-of-plane thermoelectric textile device, which can produce 0.2 μW at a temperature gradient of 37 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sozan Darabi
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Chalmers University
of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Michael Hummel
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Sami Rantasalo
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Marja Rissanen
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Ingrid Öberg Månsson
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haike Hilke
- Faculty
of Textiles, Engineering and Business, University
of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden
| | - Byungil Hwang
- School
of
Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 06974 Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikael Skrifvars
- Faculty
of Textiles, Engineering and Business, University
of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden
| | - Mahiar M. Hamedi
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, KTH Royal Institute
of Technology, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Herbert Sixta
- Department
of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Anja Lund
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Christian Müller
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Wood Science Center, Chalmers University
of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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10
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Xu H, Huang L, Xu M, Qi M, Yi T, Mo Q, Zhao H, Huang C, Wang S, Liu Y. Preparation and Properties of Cellulose-Based Films Regenerated from Waste Corrugated Cardboards Using [Amim]Cl/CaCl 2. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:23743-23754. [PMID: 32984693 PMCID: PMC7513365 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
1-Ally-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Amim]Cl), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and CaCl2 were selected to construct dissolution systems to produce value-added products from pretreatment of waste corrugated cardboards (P-WCCs). The dissolution behaviors of P-WCCs before and after ball milling were studied in different dissolution systems. The regenerated cellulose films were quickly and efficiently prepared via dissolving, regenerating, and pressurized drying. When 4 wt % waste corrugated cardboard was dissolved in [Amim]Cl for 4 h at 90 °C, the regenerated cellulose films featured tensile strengths as high as 59.00 MPa. Adding 40% DMSO and 2 wt % CaCl2 increased the tensile strength of the film to a maximum value of 85.86 MPa. This demonstrates that DMSO improves the ability of WCC to dissolve in ionic liquids; Ca2+ improves the tensile strength and thermal stability of the regenerated cellulose film but reduces its transparency. This work provides a new, simple, and highly efficient way to use WCCs for packaging and wrapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- College
of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Lijie Huang
- College
of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Mingzi Xu
- Guangxi
Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Minghui Qi
- College
of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Tan Yi
- College
of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qi Mo
- Guangxi
Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hanyu Zhao
- College
of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Chongxing Huang
- College
of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi
Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shuangfei Wang
- Guangxi
Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College
of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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11
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Sharifzadeh G, Soheilmoghaddam M, Adelnia H, Wahit MU, Arzhandi MRD, Moslehyani A. Biocompatible regenerated cellulose/halloysite nanocomposite fibers. POLYM ENG SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghorbanali Sharifzadeh
- Department of Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Skudai Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Soheilmoghaddam
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidic Laboratory, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Hossein Adelnia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologyThe University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Mat Uzir Wahit
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), UTM Skudai, Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Center For Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), UTM Skudai Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Masood Rezaei Dasht Arzhandi
- UNESCO chair on Water Reuse, School of Chemical Engineering, College of EngineeringUniversity of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Moslehyani
- Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada
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12
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Chen Q, Shi Y, Chen G, Cai M. Enhanced mechanical and hydrophobic properties of composite cassava starch films with stearic acid modified MCC (microcrystalline cellulose)/NCC (nanocellulose) as strength agent. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 142:846-854. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Wan Z, Chen C, Meng T, Mojtaba M, Teng Y, Feng Q, Li D. Multifunctional Wet-Spun Filaments through Robust Nanocellulose Networks Wrapping to Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:42808-42817. [PMID: 31625715 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b15153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) hold potential for fabricating multifunctional composites with remarkable performance. However, it is technically tough to fabricate materials by CNFs and SWNTs with their intact properties, mainly because of the weakly synergistic interaction. Hence, constructing sturdy interfaces and sequential connectivity not only can enhance mechanical strength but also are capable of improving the electrical conductivity. In that way, we report CNF/SWNT filaments composed of axially oriented building blocks with robust CNF networks wrapping to SWNTs. The composite filaments obtained through the combination of three-mill-roll and wet-spinning strategy display high strength up to ∼472.17 MPa and a strain of ∼11.77%, exceeding most results of CNF/SWNT composites investigated in the previous literature. Meanwhile, the filaments possess an electrical conductivity of ∼86.43 S/cm, which is also positively dependent on temperature changes. The multifunctional filaments are further manufactured as a strain sensor to measure mass variation and survey muscular movements, leading to becoming optimistic incentives in the fields of portable gauge measuring and wearable bioelectronic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangmin Wan
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Chuchu Chen
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Taotao Meng
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Mansoorianfar Mojtaba
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Youchao Teng
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Qian Feng
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
| | - Dagang Li
- College of Material Science and Engineering , Nanjing Forestry University , Nanjing , Jiangsu Province 210037 , P.R. China
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14
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Study on ionic liquid/cellulose/coagulator phase diagram and its application in green spinning process. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Liu Z, Ma L, Tang Y, He Y, Jiang Y, Xu J, Chen H. Molecular dynamics simulation of thermal excitation-induced dispersion of carbon nanotubes. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Samikannu R, Shukla SK, Samikannu A, Mikkola JP. Lutidinium-based ionic liquids for efficient dissolution of cellulose. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04698k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we have studied the potential of lutidinium-based ionic liquids in the dissolution of cellulose as confirmed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 13C CP/MAS NMR, spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Samikannu
- Umeå University, Department of Chemistry
- Chemical-Biology Centre
- Technical Chemistry
- SE-90787 Umeå
- Sweden
| | - Shashi Kant Shukla
- Umeå University, Department of Chemistry
- Chemical-Biology Centre
- Technical Chemistry
- SE-90787 Umeå
- Sweden
| | - Ajaikumar Samikannu
- Umeå University, Department of Chemistry
- Chemical-Biology Centre
- Technical Chemistry
- SE-90787 Umeå
- Sweden
| | - Jyri-Pekka Mikkola
- Umeå University, Department of Chemistry
- Chemical-Biology Centre
- Technical Chemistry
- SE-90787 Umeå
- Sweden
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17
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Dwivedi P, Vijayakumar RP. Synthesis of UMCNOs from MWCNTs and analysis of its structure and properties for wastewater treatment applications. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-018-0868-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Wang C, Xiong Z, Sun P, Wang R, Zhao X, Wang Q. Facile longitudinal unzipped multiwalled carbon nanotubes incorporated overoxidized poly( p -aminophenol) modified electrode for sensitive simultaneous determination of dopamine, uric acid and tryptophan. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Govindan V, Husseinsyah S, Leng TP. Modified Nypa fruticans regenerated cellulose biocomposite films using acrylic acid. Polym Bull (Berl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-1982-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Forget A, Arya N, Randriantsilefisoa R, Miessmer F, Buck M, Ahmadi V, Jonas D, Blencowe A, Shastri VP. Nonwoven Carboxylated Agarose-Based Fiber Meshes with Antimicrobial Properties. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:4021-4026. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurelien Forget
- Future
Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson
Lakes 5095, South Australia, Australia
- Institute
for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Neha Arya
- Institute
for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Helmholtz Virtual
Institute on Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Kantstraße 5514513, Teltow, Germany
| | | | - Florian Miessmer
- Institute
for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marion Buck
- Department
of Environmental Health Science, Universitätklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Vincent Ahmadi
- Institute
for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Jonas
- Department
of Environmental Health Science, Universitätklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Anton Blencowe
- School
of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Mawson
Lakes 5095, South Australia, Australia
| | - V. Prasad Shastri
- Institute
for Macromolecular Chemistry, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- Helmholtz Virtual
Institute on Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine, Kantstraße 5514513, Teltow, Germany
- BIOSS−Centre
for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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21
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22
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Delgado-Lima A, Paiva MC, Machado AV. The influence of melt mixing on the stability of cellulose acetate and its carbon nanotube composites. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2015-0388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cellulose derivatives, such as cellulose acetate (CA), are commonly used due to their ease of processing. These polymers present interesting mechanical properties and biodegradability, but low thermal stability under melt processing conditions. Composites of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and cellulose derivatives are expected to present enhanced properties, depending on the effect of nanotubes on polymer structure and thermal properties. This work aims to investigate the influence of melt mixing on the stability of CA and its CNT composites. Composites with 0 wt%, 0.1 wt% and 0.5 wt% CNTs, as received and functionalized with pyrrolidine groups, were prepared using a batch mixer and an extruder. Chain scission of CA occurred during processing, but the effect was considerably reduced in the presence of CNTs. The incorporation of small amounts of CNTs (with or without functionalization) decreased polymer degradation by thermomechanical effects induced during polymer processing.
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23
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Cellulose-based films prepared directly from waste newspapers via an ionic liquid. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 151:223-229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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25
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Qi H, Schulz B, Vad T, Liu J, Mäder E, Seide G, Gries T. Novel Carbon Nanotube/Cellulose Composite Fibers As Multifunctional Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:22404-12. [PMID: 26378865 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Electroconductive fibers composed of cellulose and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were spun using aqueous alkaline/urea solution. The microstructure and physical properties of the resulting fibers were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Raman microscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, tensile tests, and electrical resistance measurements. We found that these flexible composite fibers have sufficient mechanical properties and good electrical conductivity, with volume resistivities in the range of about 230-1 Ohm cm for 2-8 wt % CNT loading. The multifunctional sensing behavior of these fibers to tensile strain, temperature, environmental humidity, and liquid water was investigated comprehensively. The results show that these novel CNT/cellulose composite fibers have impressive multifunctional sensing abilities and are promising to be used as wearable electronics and for the design of various smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisong Qi
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden , Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Schulz
- Institut für Textiltechnik der RWTH Aachen University , Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Vad
- Institut für Textiltechnik der RWTH Aachen University , Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jianwen Liu
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden , Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Edith Mäder
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden , Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gunnar Seide
- Institut für Textiltechnik der RWTH Aachen University , Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Gries
- Institut für Textiltechnik der RWTH Aachen University , Otto-Blumenthal-Strasse 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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26
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27
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Wang G, Guo J, Zhuang L, Wang Y, Xu B. Dissolution and regeneration of hide powder/cellulose composite in Gemini imidazolium ionic liquid. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 76:70-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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28
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Hummel M, Michud A, Tanttu M, Asaadi S, Ma Y, Hauru LKJ, Parviainen A, King AWT, Kilpeläinen I, Sixta H. Ionic Liquids for the Production of Man-Made Cellulosic Fibers: Opportunities and Challenges. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2015_307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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29
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Härdelin L, Hagström B. Wet spun fibers from solutions of cellulose in an ionic liquid with suspended carbon nanoparticles. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Härdelin
- Swerea IVF; PO Box 104 Mölndal SE-431 22 Sweden
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Chalmers University of Technology; Gothenburg SE-412 96 Sweden
- Wallenberg Wood Science Center; Chalmers University of Technology; Gothenburg SE-412 96 Sweden
| | - Bengt Hagström
- Swerea IVF; PO Box 104 Mölndal SE-431 22 Sweden
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; Chalmers University of Technology; Gothenburg SE-412 96 Sweden
- Department of Materials and Manufacturing Technology; Chalmers University of Technology; Gothenburg SE-412 96 Sweden
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30
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Isik M, Sardon H, Mecerreyes D. Ionic liquids and cellulose: dissolution, chemical modification and preparation of new cellulosic materials. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:11922-40. [PMID: 25000264 PMCID: PMC4139821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150711922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its abundance and a wide range of beneficial physical and chemical properties, cellulose has become very popular in order to produce materials for various applications. This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of new cellulose materials and technologies using ionic liquids. Dissolution of cellulose in ionic liquids has been used to develop new processing technologies, cellulose functionalization methods and new cellulose materials including blends, composites, fibers and ion gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Isik
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain.
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31
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Liu Y, Kumar S. Polymer/carbon nanotube nano composite fibers--a review. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:6069-87. [PMID: 24520802 DOI: 10.1021/am405136s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are regarded as ideal filler materials for polymeric fiber reinforcement due to their exceptional mechanical properties and 1D cylindrical geometry (nanometer-size diameter and very high aspect ratio). The reported processing conditions and property improvements of CNT reinforced polymeric fiber are summarized in this review. Because of CNT polymer interaction, polymer chains in CNTs' vicinity (interphase) have been observed to have more compact packing, higher orientation, and better mechanical properties than bulk polymer. Evidences of the existence of interphase polymers in composite fibers, characterizations of their structures, and fiber properties are summarized and discussed. Implications of interphase phenomena on a broader field of fiber and polymer processing to make much stronger materials are now in the early stages of exploration. Beside improvements in tensile properties, the presence of CNTs in polymeric fibers strongly affects other properties, such as thermal stability, thermal transition temperature, fiber thermal shrinkage, chemical resistance, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity. This paper will be helpful to better understand the current status of polymer/CNT fibers, especially high-performance fibers, and to find the most suitable processing techniques and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology , 801 Ferst Drive NW, MRDC-1, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0295, United States
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32
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Le KA, Rudaz C, Budtova T. Phase diagram, solubility limit and hydrodynamic properties of cellulose in binary solvents with ionic liquid. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 105:237-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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33
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Lian M, Fan J, Shi Z, Li H, Yin J. Kevlar®-functionalized graphene nanoribbon for polymer reinforcement. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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34
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Liu D, Zhang Y, Sun X, Chang PR. Recent advances in bio-sourced polymeric carbohydrate/nanotube composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dagang Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology; Nanjing 210044 China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology; Nanjing 210044 China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Chemistry; Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology; Nanjing 210044 China
| | - Peter R. Chang
- BioProducts and BioProcesses National Science Program, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Saskatoon SK S7N0X2 Canada
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Saskatchewan; Saskatoon SK S7N 5A9 Canada
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35
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Lu F, Wang L, Ji X, Cheng B, Song J, Gou X. Flow behavior and linear viscoelasticity of cellulose 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium formate solutions. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 99:132-9. [PMID: 24274489 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The rheological properties of α-cellulose 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium formate solutions were investigated using shear viscosity and dynamic rheological measurements in a large range of concentrations (0.1-10 wt%) at 25 °C. In steady shear measurement, the overlap concentration (c*) and the entanglement concentration (c(e)) were determined to be 0.5 and 2.0 wt% respectively, and the exponents of the specific viscosity (η(sp)) versus the concentration (c) were determined as 1.0, 2.0 and 4.7 for dilute, semidilute unentangled and entangled regimes respectively, which were in accordance with the scaling prediction for neutral polymer in θ solvent. The slopes of the relaxation time (τ) against the concentration for semidilute unentangled and entangled regimes were observed as 1.0 and 2.5 respectively. In dilute and semidilute unentangled regimes, failure of the Cox-Merz rule with steady shear viscosity larger than complex viscosity was observed; while the deviation from the Cox-Merz rule disappeared in semidilute entangled regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
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36
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Hanid NA, Wahit MU, Guo Q, Mahmoodian S, Soheilmoghaddam M. Development of regenerated cellulose/halloysites nanocomposites via ionic liquids. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 99:91-7. [PMID: 24274483 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, regenerated cellulose/halloysites (RC/HNT) nanocomposites with different nanofillers loading were fabricated by dissolving the cellulose in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIMCl) ionic liquid. The films were prepared via solution casting method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mechanical properties were investigated by tensile testing. It clearly displayed a good enhancement of both tensile strength and Young's modulus with HNT loading up to 5 wt%. As the HNT loadings increased to 5 wt%, the thermal behaviour and water resistance rate was also increased. The TEM and SEM images also depicted even dispersion of the HNT and a good intertubular interaction between the HNT and the cellulose matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbaiti Abdul Hanid
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, 81310 Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
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37
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Soheilmoghaddam M, Wahit MU. Development of regenerated cellulose/halloysite nanotube bionanocomposite films with ionic liquid. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 58:133-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Song HZ, Luo ZQ, Wang CZ, Hao XF, Gao JG. Preparation and characterization of bionanocomposite fiber based on cellulose and nano-SiO2 using ionic liquid. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 98:161-7. [PMID: 23987330 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)/nano-SiO2 composite fibers were processed from solutions in 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AMIMCl) by the method of dry-jet wet spinning. The oscillatory shear measurements demonstrated that the gel network formed above 10 wt% nano-SiO2 and the complex viscosity increased with increasing nano-SiO2. Remarkably, the shear viscosity of the nanofluids was even lower than solutions without nano-SiO2 under high shear rates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed that well-dispersed particles exhibit strong interfacial interactions with cellulose matrix. Measurements on wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) indicated that the regenerated cellulose and nanocomposite fibers were the typical cellulose II crystalline form, which was different from the native cellulose with the polymorph of Type I. The tensile strength of the nanocomposite fibers was larger than that of pure cellulose fiber and showed a tendency to increase and then decrease with increasing nano-SiO2. Furthermore, the nanocomposite fibers exhibited improved thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Zan Song
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, PR China.
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39
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Singh N, Rahatekar SS, Koziol KKK, Ng TS, Patil AJ, Mann S, Hollander AP, Kafienah W. Directing chondrogenesis of stem cells with specific blends of cellulose and silk. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1287-98. [PMID: 23534615 DOI: 10.1021/bm301762p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials that can stimulate stem cell differentiation without growth factor supplementation provide potent and cost-effective scaffolds for regenerative medicine. We hypothesize that a scaffold prepared from cellulose and silk blends can direct stem cell chondrogenic fate. We systematically prepared cellulose blends with silk at different compositions using an environmentally benign processing method based on ionic liquids as a common solvent. We tested the effect of blend compositions on the physical properties of the materials as well as on their ability to support mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) growth and chondrogenic differentiation. The stiffness and tensile strength of cellulose was significantly reduced by blending with silk. The characterized materials were tested using MSCs derived from four different patients. Growing MSCs on a specific blend combination of cellulose and silk in a 75:25 ratio significantly upregulated the chondrogenic marker genes SOX9, aggrecan, and type II collagen in the absence of specific growth factors. This chondrogenic effect was neither found with neat cellulose nor the cellulose/silk 50:50 blend composition. No adipogenic or osteogenic differentiation was detected on the blends, suggesting that the cellulose/silk 75:25 blend induced specific stem cell differentiation into the chondrogenic lineage without addition of the soluble growth factor TGF-β. The cellulose/silk blend we identified can be used both for in vitro tissue engineering and as an implantable device for stimulating endogenous stem cells to initiate cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Singh
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Advanced Composites Centre for Innovation and Science (ACCIS), Aerospace Engineering, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TD, United Kingdom
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40
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Haward SJ, Sharma V, Butts CP, McKinley GH, Rahatekar SS. Shear and extensional rheology of cellulose/ionic liquid solutions. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:1688-99. [PMID: 22480203 DOI: 10.1021/bm300407q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we characterize the shear and extensional rheology of dilute to semidilute solutions of cellulose in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIAc). In steady shear flow, the semidilute solutions exhibit shear thinning, and the high-frequency complex modulus measured in small amplitude oscillatory shear flow exhibits the characteristic scaling expected for solutions of semiflexible chains. Flow curves of the steady shear viscosity plotted against shear rate closely follow the frequency dependence of the complex viscosity acquired using oscillatory shear, thus satisfying the empirical Cox-Merz rule. We use capillary thinning rheometry (CaBER) to characterize the relaxation times and apparent extensional viscosities of the semidilute cellulose solutions in a uniaxial extensional flow that mimics the dynamics encountered in the spin-line during fiber spinning processes. The apparent extensional viscosity and characteristic relaxation times of the semidilute cellulose/EMIAc solutions increase dramatically as the solutions enter the entangled concentration regime at which fiber spinning becomes viable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon J Haward
- Hatsopoulos Microfluids Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
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41
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Mahmoudian S, Wahit MU, Ismail A, Yussuf A. Preparation of regenerated cellulose/montmorillonite nanocomposite films via ionic liquids. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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