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Wang Y, Zhu Y, Gupta P, Singamaneni S, Lee B, Jun YS. The Roles of Oil-Water Interfaces in Forming Ultrasmall CaSO 4 Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29390-29401. [PMID: 38787535 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In natural and engineered environmental systems, calcium sulfate (CaSO4) nucleation commonly occurs at dynamic liquid-liquid interfaces. Although CaSO4 is one of the most common minerals in oil spills and oil-water separation, the mechanisms driving its nucleation at these liquid-liquid interfaces remain poorly understood. In this study, using in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), we examined CaSO4 nucleation at oil-water interfaces and found that within 60 minutes of reaction, short rod-shaped nanoparticles (with a radius of gyration (Rg) of 17.2 ± 2.7 nm and a length of 38.2 ± 5.8 nm) had formed preferentially at the interfaces. Wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) analysis identified these nanoparticles as gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O). In addition, spherial nanoparticles measuring 4.1 nm in diameter were observed at oil-water interfaces, where surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) revealed an elevated pH compared to the bulk solution. The negatively charged oil-water interfaces preferentially adsorb calcium ions, collectively promoting CaSO4 formation there. CaSO4 particle formation at the oil-water interface follows a nonclassical nucleation (N-CNT) pathway by forming ultrasmall amorphous spherical particles which then aggregate to form intermediate nanoparticles, subsequently growing into nanorod-shaped gypsum. These findings of this study provide insights into mineral scaling during membrane separation and can inform more efficient oil transport in energy recovery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Yaguang Zhu
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Prashant Gupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Srikanth Singamaneni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Byeongdu Lee
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Young-Shin Jun
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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2
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Yadav VK, Yadav KK, Alam J, Cabral-Pinto MM, Gnanamoorthy G, Alhoshan M, Kamyab H, Hamid AA, Ali FAA, Shukla AK. Transformation of hazardous sacred incense sticks ash waste into less toxic product by sequential approach prior to their disposal into the water bodies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:71766-71778. [PMID: 34523099 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Incense sticks ash is one of the most unexplored by-products generated at religious places and houses obtained after the combustion of incense sticks. Every year, tonnes of incense sticks ash is produced at religious places in India which are disposed of into the rivers and water bodies. The presence of heavy metals and high content of alkali metals challenges a potential threat to the living organism after the disposal in the river. The leaching of heavy metals and alkali metals may lead to water pollution. Besides this, incense sticks also have a high amount of calcium, silica, alumina, and ferrous along with traces of rutile and other oxides either in crystalline or amorphous phases. The incense sticks ash, heavy metals, and alkali metals can be extracted by water, mineral acids, and alkali. Ferrous can be extracted by magnetic separation, while calcium by HCl, alumina by sulfuric acid treatment, and silica by strong hydroxides like NaOH. The recovery of such elements by using acids and bases will eliminate their toxic heavy metals at the same time recovering major value-added minerals from it. Here, in the present research work, the effect on the elemental composition, morphology, crystallinity, and size of incense sticks ash particles was observed by extracting ferrous, followed by extraction of calcium by HCl and alumina by H2SO4 at 90-95 °C for 90 min. The final residue was treated with 4 M NaOH, in order to extract leachable silica at 90 °C for 90 min along with continuous stirring. The transformation of various minerals phases and microstructures of incense sticks ash (ISA) and other residues during ferrous, extraction, calcium, and alumina and silica extraction was studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). DLS was used for analyzing the size during the experiments while FTIR helped in the confirmation of the formation of new products during the treatments. From the various instrumental analyses, it was found that the toxic metals present in the initial incense sticks ash got eliminated. Besides this, the major alkali metals, i.e., Ca and Mg, got reduced during these successive treatments. Initially, there were mainly irregular shaped, micron-sized particles that were dominant in the incense sticks ash particles. Besides this, there were plenty of carbon particles left unburned during combustion. In the final residue, nanosized flowers shaped along with cuboidal micron-sized particles were dominant. present in If, such sequential techniques will be applied by the industries based on recycling of incense sticks ash, then not only the solid waste pollution will be reduced but also numerous value-added minerals like ferrous, silica, alumina calcium oxides and carbonates can be recovered from such waste. The value-added minerals could act as an economical and sustainable source of adsorbent for wastewater treatment in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Microbiology, School of Sciences, P P Savani University, Kosamba, Surat, Gujarat, 394125, India
- School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad, Bhopal, 462044, India.
| | - Javed Alam
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marina Ms Cabral-Pinto
- Geobiotec Research Centre, Department of Geosciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Govindhan Gnanamoorthy
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, India
| | - Mansour Alhoshan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ali Awadh Hamid
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fekri Abdulraqeb Ahmed Ali
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arun Kumar Shukla
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Wang Y, Liu J, Li Z, Liu X, Li W. Revisiting scaling of calcium sulfate in membrane distillation: Uncertainty of crystal-membrane interactions. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 239:120060. [PMID: 37209511 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Scaling of calcium sulfate (CaSO4) is a stumbling block to the development of membrane distillation (MD), which holds promise for the treatment of saline water/wastewater. Despite increasing efforts made to understand the scaling behavior of CaSO4 in a process of MD and thereby develop strategies for mitigating the negative effects, considerable uncertainty remains about occurrence of the wetting and structural damage that could result from the strong crystal-membrane interactions. This study combined experimental and theoretical approaches to corroborate that a higher degree of supersaturation could be achieved by concentrating the CaSO4 in the feed at a faster rate; the elevated supersaturation would be in favor of exerting substantially high crystallization pressure on the membrane structures. In particular, the theoretical analysis established two dimensionless groups for measuring the relative importance of the concentration effect and quantifying the essential role played by the crystalline growth, respectively. In addition to alleviating the uncertainty, this study would be beneficial to the design of MD processes with improved scaling resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, P. R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, P. R. China
| | - Weiyi Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, P. R. China.
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4
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Zhang W, Yu S, Zhao H, Ji X, Ning R. Vacuum membrane distillation for seawater concentrate treatment coupled with microbubble aeration cleaning to alleviate membrane fouling. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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5
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Abstract
Water serves as an indispensable part of human life and production. On account of the overexploitation of traditional water sources, the demand for wastewater recycling is expanding rapidly. As a promising water treatment process, membrane distillation (MD) has been utilized in various wastewater treatments, such as desalination brine, textile wastewater, radioactive wastewater, and oily wastewater. This review summarized the investigation work applying MD in wastewater treatment, and the performance was comprehensively introduced. Moreover, the obstructions of industrialization, such as membrane fouling, membrane wetting, and high energy consumption, were discussed with the practical investigation. To cope with these problems, various strategies have been adopted to enhance MD performance, including coupling membrane processes and developing membranes with specific surface characteristics. In addition, the significance of nutrient recovery and waste heat utilization was indicated.
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6
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Flux decline induced by scaling of calcium sulfate in membrane distillation: Theoretical analysis on the role of different mechanisms. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Liu J, Li Z, Wang Y, Liu X, Tu G, Li W. Analyzing scaling behavior of calcium sulfate in membrane distillation via optical coherence tomography. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 191:116809. [PMID: 33454650 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Deepening the understanding of scaling processes would facilitate the improvement of membrane distillation (MD) as a promising technique for sustainable development. This study investigated the scaling of calcium sulfate in MD via an approach based on optical coherence tomography (OCT). The OCT-based characterization enabled an analysis that correlated the flux decline with the morphological evolution of the scaling layer. It was revealed by this analysis that the reduction in the evaporation rate could be dominated by different mechanisms as the crystalline particles grew and deposited on the membrane surface; the striping phenomenon visualized by mapping the local growth rates provided evidence for the hydrodynamic instability induced by the coupled mass and heat transfer in MD. Moreover, the OCT-based characterization was exploited to unravel the interplay between the crystallization and the porous structure by quantifying the membrane deformation as a function of time; the varied precipitation kinetics in the boundary layer was confirmed by comparing the temporal variations in the OCT signals at different depths. All these results shed light on mechanisms underlying complex scaling processes, which are the basis for optimizing the design of MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhuo Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yewei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Guoquan Tu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Weiyi Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Xueyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China.
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8
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Yan Z, Qu F, Liang H, Yu H, Pang H, Rong H, Fan G, Van der Bruggen B. Effect of biopolymers and humic substances on gypsum scaling and membrane wetting during membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Tang S, Ji Y, Ge K. Crystallization Kinetics and Mechanisms of Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate: Experimental Investigation and Theoretical Analysis. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Tang
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanhui Ji
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Ge
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China
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Suganya P, Swaminathan G, Anoop B, Siva Prasad GVRRSG, Nagarajan J. Assessing the factors affecting the water chemistry parameters in the auxiliary water system of a nuclear power plant. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03693-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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11
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Abstract
In the present time, more often, it has been seen that scaling has grown as widely and caused problems in the oilfield industry. Scaling is the deposition of various salts of inorganic/organic materials due to the supersaturation of salt-water mixtures. Many works have been proposed by researchers using different methods to solve the problem, of which scale inhibition is one of them. The scale inhibitors, particularly for antiscaling, have derived from natural and synthetic polymers. Among different polymers, inorganic and organic compounds (polyphosphates, carboxylic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), etc.) can effectively manage the oilfield scales of which many are toxic and expansive. Scale inhibitors of alkaline earth metal carbonate and sulfates and transition metal sulfide are commonly used in oilfield applications. Scale inhibition of metallic surfaces is an essential activity in technical, environmental, economic, and safety purposes. Scale inhibitors containing phosphorus appear to have significant achievements in the inhibition process despite its toxicity. However, phosphorus-based inhibitors can serve as supplements prompting eutrification difficulties. Besides these increasing environmental concerns, green scale inhibitors are renewable, biodegradable, and ecologically acceptable that has been used to prevent, control, and retard the formation of scale. Considering the facts, this review article summarized the concept of scale, various green scale inhibitors, types, mechanisms, comparative performance, significance, and future aspects of green scale inhibitors, which will shed light and be helpful for the professionals working in the oil and gas industries.
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12
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Osorio-Celestino G, Hernandez M, Solis-Ibarra D, Tehuacanero-Cuapa S, Rodríguez-Gómez A, Gómora-Figueroa AP. Influence of Calcium Scaling on Corrosion Behavior of Steel and Aluminum Alloys. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:17304-17313. [PMID: 32715215 PMCID: PMC7377075 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Calcium scaling is a serious problem encountered in the oil and gas industry because it is common that brines produced alongside oil and gas exhibit high concentrations of calcium ions, among others, which is expensive to remedy. The precipitation of calcium salts on the internal wall of the pipelines may occur because of the physical and chemical changes as fluids are produced from downhole to surface facilities. Although different researchers have address scaling and corrosion in the oil and gas industry, there are few reports in the literature relating the corrosion and scaling phenomena simultaneously. Despite there being indications that scales may produce corrosion problems, affecting the mechanical integrity of the infrastructure, there is minimal research in the literature addressing such relations. Previous studies presented aluminum alloys as excellent and reliable materials for applications in the petroleum industry, such as drilling activities. In this work, we evaluate the corrosion behavior of steel and aluminum alloys under highly scaling environments using supersaturated brines. Our results show that the presence of calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate as a scaling environment increases the corrosion rates for aluminum alloys and carbon steel; however, the same environments do not affect the corrosion behavior of stainless steel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gandhi
R. Osorio-Celestino
- División
de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra, Facultad de Ingeniería,
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - M. Hernandez
- División
de Ingeniería Mecánica e Industrial, (DIMEI), CENISA, Facultad de IngenierıUNAM, 04510 Ciudad
de México, Mexico, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Diego Solis-Ibarra
- Instituto
de Investigaciones en Materiales, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Samuel Tehuacanero-Cuapa
- Instituto
de Física, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Arturo Rodríguez-Gómez
- Instituto
de Física, UNAM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - A. Paulina Gómora-Figueroa
- División
de Ingeniería en Ciencias de la Tierra, Facultad de Ingeniería,
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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13
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Ge K, Ji Y, Tang S. Crystallization Kinetics and Mechanism of Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Hexahydrate: Experimental Investigation and Chemical Potential Gradient Model Analysis and Prediction. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ge
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanhui Ji
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Tang
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Liu Y, Li Z, Xiao Z, Yin H, Li X, He T. Synergy of slippery surface and pulse flow: An anti-scaling solution for direct contact membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Xiao Z, Guo H, He H, Liu Y, Li X, Zhang Y, Yin H, Volkov AV, He T. Unprecedented scaling/fouling resistance of omniphobic polyvinylidene fluoride membrane with silica nanoparticle coated micropillars in direct contact membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.117819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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16
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Ashfaq MY, Al-Ghouti MA, Da'na DA, Qiblawey H, Zouari N. Investigating the effect of temperature on calcium sulfate scaling of reverse osmosis membranes using FTIR, SEM-EDX and multivariate analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:134726. [PMID: 31715466 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling is one of the major hurdles in widespread use of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) in desalination industry. There are various factors that affect the inorganic fouling or scaling of Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. In this research, the effect of temperature on scaling of RO and Graphene oxide (GO) coated RO membrane by calcium sulfate was investigated. It was found that the increase in temperature enhanced the membrane scaling which was evident by the severe flux decline over time leading to increase in mass of crystals precipitated (Mt) and thickness of the scale layer. There was strong positive correlation (R2 ≥ 0.97) noted between Mt and the temperature. The results of SEM-EDX and XRD confirmed that the crystals formed under the experimental conditions are gypsum. Results of this research showed that there was no significant difference in terms of crystal morphology, scaling intensity and mechanism after modifying RO membrane with GO. It was noted that the morphology of the crystals varied from rod shaped to rosette structures under the influence of temperature. Furthermore, the results of FTIR helped to understand the mechanism of interaction between the membranes and the gypsum. The hydrophilicity of the scaled membrane was also measured to investigate the changes in the properties of the membrane after scaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Y Ashfaq
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad A Al-Ghouti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Dana A Da'na
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hazim Qiblawey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nabil Zouari
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
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17
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Zhao R, Wang X, Chen X, Liu Y. Impacts of different aged landfill leachate on PVC corrosion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:18256-18266. [PMID: 31041705 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04995-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Landfill leachate is generally transferred to in situ facilities for advanced treatment by using a pipe system. Because of its harmful and complex compounds, leachate may react with pipe materials, leading to corrosion and scaling. This experimental study uses typical PVC pipe material and investigates its anti-corrosion performance by placing the material samples into different aged leachates. By evaluating the changes in different experimental parameters, including calcium, magnesium, and chloride ion concentration, oxidation-reduction potential, dissolved oxygen, and pH, combined with a characterization of the material properties, we infer the main causes of pipe scaling-corrosion. Results show that the scaling is more intense in the younger leachate, and the concentration of calcium ions is the dominant influencing factor. The scaling might be resulted from joint actions of chemical precipitation and microbial metabolic activities. It is expected the study to provide useful insights into taking effective actions on anti-clogging, and enhance pipes design by selection of appropriate materials for future modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China.
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Xiaolang Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Yiyun Liu
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
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18
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Electrode system for large-scale reverse electrodialysis: water electrolysis, bubble resistance, and inorganic scaling. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-019-01303-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Margret M, Subramanian V, Baskaran R, Venkatraman B. Detection of scales and its thickness determination in industrial pipes using Compton backscattering system. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:113117. [PMID: 30501299 DOI: 10.1063/1.5039579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The ability to detect and quantify scales in pipes has been an important yardstick for efficient transfer of fluids in domestic as well as in application related industries. Knowledge of different kinds of scales formed has become a precondition for trouble-shooting in operational lines. In this paper, collimated Compton backscattered gamma rays from a radioactive source have been used to inspect the scales by automatic scanning in steps along the axial direction of different pipes. The methodology has been extended for the quantification of scales that prevails in the real functionality of extensive usage of fluids. To aid for descaling processes, the desideratum is the density determination of scales and this parameter is quantified non-destructively and is also validated with the standard density. The described non-intrusive gamma ray densitometry is quite promising, efficient and has highly reliable results for scale detection with the squared correlation coefficient of 0.98. The proposed technique shows a better linearity than the gammatography technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Margret
- Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, India
| | - V Subramanian
- Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, India
| | - R Baskaran
- Radiological Safety Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, India
| | - B Venkatraman
- Health, Safety and Environment Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603102, India
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20
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Lee S, Kim Y, Hong S. Treatment of industrial wastewater produced by desulfurization process in a coal-fired power plant via FO-MD hybrid process. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 210:44-51. [PMID: 29986222 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the feasibility of forward osmosis (FO) hybridized with membrane distillation (MD) was systematically investigated for treating flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater. FO experiments were conducted using raw FGD wastewater obtained from a coal-fired power plant in Korea. Severe membrane fouling in FO was observed since FGD wastewater contained various components (i.e., particles, colloids, organics, and ions). The combined fouling layer by particulates and scales was identified via scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Therefore, fouling control strategies were suggested and evaluated. Microfiltration (MF) pre-treatment was effective in removing particulates and mitigating the initial fouling. Antiscalant-blended draw solution (DS) could inhibit the formation of membrane scaling. With such fouling control schemes, FO achieved the highest recovery rate compared to other desalting processes (i.e., RO and MD), suggesting that FO is suitable for treating wastewater with high fouling potential and high TDS. Finally, the diluted DS was recovered by MD. MD could re-concentrate the diluted DS up to 50% recovery rate with no significant flux decline. Rapid flux decline was then observed due to membrane scaling. Thus, appropriate antiscalants in DS should be considered to inhibit scaling formation in FO and MD simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbok Lee
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjin Kim
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Division of Biological & Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seungkwan Hong
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Arai T, Ito D, Hirasawa I, Miyazaki Y, Takeuchi M. Encrustation Prevention of Zirconium Molybdate Hydrate. Chem Eng Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201700663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Arai
- Waseda University; Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering; 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku 169-8555 Tokyo Japan
| | - Daiyu Ito
- Waseda University; Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering; 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku 169-8555 Tokyo Japan
| | - Izumi Hirasawa
- Waseda University; Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering; 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku 169-8555 Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasunori Miyazaki
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency; Tokai-mura, Naka-gun 319-1194 Ibaraki Japan
| | - Masayuki Takeuchi
- Japan Atomic Energy Agency; Tokai-mura, Naka-gun 319-1194 Ibaraki Japan
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22
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Lee JG, Jang Y, Fortunato L, Jeong S, Lee S, Leiknes T, Ghaffour N. An advanced online monitoring approach to study the scaling behavior in direct contact membrane distillation. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Jia F, Wang J. Treatment of flue gas desulfurization wastewater with near-zero liquid discharge by nanofiltration-membrane distillation process. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2017.1379539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Jia
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Waste Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, INET, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Radioactive Waste Treatment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China
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Xiao J, Li Z, Han J, Pan F, Woo MW, Chen XD. A systematic investigation of the fouling induction phenomena with artificial crystal structures and distributions. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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25
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Masoudi A, Irajizad P, Farokhnia N, Kashyap V, Ghasemi H. Antiscaling Magnetic Slippery Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:21025-21033. [PMID: 28562001 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Scale formation is a common problem in a wide range of industries such as oil and gas, water desalination, and food processing. Conventional solutions for this problem including mechanical removal and chemical dissolution are inefficient, costly, and sometimes environmentally hazardous. Surface modification approaches have shown promises to address this challenge. However, these approaches suffer from intrinsic existence of solid-liquid interfaces leading to high rate of scale nucleation and high adhesion strength of the formed scale. Here, we report a new surface called magnetic slippery surface in two forms of Newtonian fluid (MAGSS) and gel structure (Gel-MAGSS). These surfaces provide a liquid-liquid interface to elevate the energy barrier for scale nucleation and minimize the adhesion strength of the formed scale on the surface. Performance of these new surfaces in both static and dynamic (under fluid flow) configurations is examined. These surfaces show superior antiscaling properties with an order of magnitude lower scale accretion compared to the solid surfaces and offer longevity and stability under high shear flow conditions. We envision that these surfaces open a new path to address the scale problem in the relevant technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Masoudi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston , 4726 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-4006, United States
| | - Peyman Irajizad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston , 4726 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-4006, United States
| | - Nazanin Farokhnia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston , 4726 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-4006, United States
| | - Varun Kashyap
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston , 4726 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-4006, United States
| | - Hadi Ghasemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston , 4726 Calhoun Road, Houston, Texas 77204-4006, United States
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Cheng H, Zhang Y, Wang X, Cheng F, Han J, Zhao J, Wang N, Sun Y. Theoretical and experimental investigation of time-varying properties in the coagulation of kaolinite containing wastewater by gypsum. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Diaz-Bejarano E, Coletti F, Macchietto S. Impact of Complex Layering Structures of Organic and Inorganic Foulants on the Thermohydraulic Performance of a Single Heat Exchanger Tube: A Simulation Study. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b02330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Diaz-Bejarano
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - F. Coletti
- Hexxcell Ltd.,
Imperial College Incubator, Bessemer
Building Level 2, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - S. Macchietto
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Hexxcell Ltd.,
Imperial College Incubator, Bessemer
Building Level 2, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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28
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Wang J, Wang L, Miao R, Lv Y, Wang X, Meng X, Yang R, Zhang X. Enhanced gypsum scaling by organic fouling layer on nanofiltration membrane: Characteristics and mechanisms. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 91:203-213. [PMID: 26799710 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To investigate how the characteristics of pregenerated organic fouling layers on nanofiltration (NF) membranes influence the subsequent gypsum scaling behavior, filtration experiments with gypsum were carried out with organic-fouled poly(piperazineamide) NF membranes. Organic fouling layer on membrane was induced by bovine serum albumin (BSA), humic acid (HA), and sodium alginate (SA), respectively. The morphology and components of the scalants, the role of Ca(2+) adsorption on the organic fouling layer during gypsum crystallization, and the interaction forces of gypsum on the membrane surface were investigated. The results indicated that SA- and HA-fouled membranes had higher surface crystallization tendency along with more severe flux decline during gypsum scaling than BSA-fouled and virgin membranes because HA and SA macromolecules acted as nuclei for crystallization. Based on the analyses of Ca(2+) adsorption onto organic adlayers and adhesion forces, it was found that the flux decline rate and extent in the gypsum scaling experiment was positively related to the Ca(2+)-binding capacity of the organic matter. Although the dominant gypsum scaling mechanism was affected by coupling physicochemical effects, the controlling factors varied among foulants. Nevertheless, the carboxyl density of organic matter played an important role in determining surface crystallization on organic-fouled membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxuan Wang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road, No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification, Permoserstraße 15, Leipzig D-04318, Germany
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road, No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Rui Miao
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road, No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yongtao Lv
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road, No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road, No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xiaorong Meng
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road, No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Ruosong Yang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road, No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road, No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
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31
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Mao J, Jiang G, Chen Q, Guan B. Influences of citric acid on the metastability of α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate in CaCl 2 solution. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Muryanto S, Bayuseno A, Ma’mun H, Usamah M, Jotho. Calcium Carbonate Scale Formation in Pipes: Effect of Flow Rates, Temperature, and Malic Acid as Additives on the Mass and Morphology of the Scale. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Gurram RN, Menkhaus TJ. Analysis and Characterization of Heat Transfer Fouling during Evaporation of a Lignocellulosic Biomass Process Stream. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie401038y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raghu N. Gurram
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St. Joseph
Street, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, United States
| | - Todd J. Menkhaus
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, 501 East St. Joseph
Street, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, United States
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34
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Nghiem LD, Cath T. A scaling mitigation approach during direct contact membrane distillation. Sep Purif Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2011.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Hoang TA, Ang M, Rohl AL. Effects of Process Parameters on Gypsum Scale Formation in Pipes. Chem Eng Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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36
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Cai Z, Zhang T, Di L, Xu DM, Xu DH, Yang DA. Morphological and histological analysis on the in vivo degradation of poly (propylene fumarate)/(calcium sulfate/β-tricalcium phosphate). Biomed Microdevices 2011; 13:623-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-011-9532-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Cai ZY, Yang DA, Zhang N, Ji CG, Zhu L, Zhang T. Poly(propylene fumarate)/(calcium sulphate/beta-tricalcium phosphate) composites: preparation, characterization and in vitro degradation. Acta Biomater 2009; 5:628-35. [PMID: 18951071 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2007] [Revised: 09/20/2008] [Accepted: 09/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to prepare a poly(propylene fumarate)/(calcium sulphate/beta-tricalcium phosphate) (PPF/(CaSO(4)/beta-TCP)) composite. We first examined the effects of varying the molecular weight of PPF and the N-vinyl pyrrolidinone (NVP) to PPF ratio on the maximum cross-linking temperature and the composite compressive strength and modulus. Then the in vitro biodegradation behaviour of PPF/(CaSO(4)/beta-TCP) composites was investigated. The effects of varying the molecular weight of PPF, the NVP/PPF ratio and the CaSO(4)/beta-TCP molar ratio on the weight loss and the composite compressive strength and modulus were examined. The cross-linking temperature, which increased with increasing molecular weight of PPF and NVP/PPF ratio, ranged from 41 to 43 degrees C for all formulations. The mechanical properties were increased by a decrease in the NVP/PPF ratio. For all formulations, the compressive strength values fell between 12 and 62 MPa, while the compressive modulus values fell between 290 and 1149 MPa. The weight loss decreased either with increasing molecular weight of PPF or with decreasing NVP/PPF ratio and CaSO(4)/beta-TCP molar ratio during degradation. The compressive strength and modulus increased with decreasing NVP/PPF ratio or decreasing CaSO(4)/beta-TCP ratio. The greatest weight loss over 6 weeks was 14.72%. For all formulations, the compressive modulus values fell between 57 and 712 MPa and the compressive strength fell between 0.5 and 21 MPa throughout 6 weeks degradation. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis of the PPF/(CaSO(4)/beta-TCP) composites demonstrated that hydroxyapatite was deposited on the surface of CaSO(4)/beta-TCP granules during degradation.
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