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Raucher-Chéné D, Henry A, Obert A, Traykova M, Vucurovic K, Gobin P, Barrière S, Portefaix C, Gierski F, Caillies S, Kaladjian A. Impact of hypomanic personality traits on brain functional connectivity during a dynamic theory-of-mind task. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2024; 337:111759. [PMID: 38011763 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Hypomanic personality traits are present in the general population and represent a risk factor for developing bipolar disorder. This personality style, notably its social component, is linked to difficulties in theory of mind (i.e., ability to infer mental states). Exploring the neural correlates of mental states' inference in individuals with these personality traits can provide meaningful insights into the development of bipolar disorder. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the potential impact of hypomanic traits on brain activation and task-based connectivity strength during a dynamic theory of mind task in a nonclinical population. A total of 52 nonclinical participants were recruited, and hypomanic traits were assessed with the Hypomanic Personality Scale. The severity of hypomanic traits was positively associated with right middle and inferior frontal gyri activations (in high vs. low inference in nonemotional condition and emotion vs. no emotion in high inference, respectively). It was also associated with stronger connectivity between the salience network (i.e., bilateral putamen and pallidum) and bilateral superior temporal gyri (high inference in nonemotional condition), and between cerebellar and temporal areas (high inference in emotional condition). These changes may either reflect adaptations or differential processing, and further studies are therefore mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Raucher-Chéné
- Department of Psychiatry, Reims University Hospital, EPSMM, Reims, France; Laboratoire C2S (Cognition, Santé, Société), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA, 6291, France; Douglas Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Audrey Henry
- Department of Psychiatry, Reims University Hospital, EPSMM, Reims, France; Laboratoire C2S (Cognition, Santé, Société), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA, 6291, France
| | - Alexandre Obert
- Cognition Sciences, Technology & Ergonomics Laboratory, National University Institute Champollion, University of Toulouse, Albi, France
| | - Martina Traykova
- Department of Psychiatry, Reims University Hospital, EPSMM, Reims, France
| | - Ksenija Vucurovic
- Laboratoire C2S (Cognition, Santé, Société), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA, 6291, France
| | - Pamela Gobin
- Laboratoire C2S (Cognition, Santé, Société), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA, 6291, France
| | - Sarah Barrière
- Department of Psychiatry, Reims University Hospital, EPSMM, Reims, France
| | - Christophe Portefaix
- Department of Radiology, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France; Laboratoire CReSTIC, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA, 3804, France
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Department of Psychiatry, Reims University Hospital, EPSMM, Reims, France; Laboratoire C2S (Cognition, Santé, Société), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA, 6291, France
| | - Stéphanie Caillies
- Laboratoire C2S (Cognition, Santé, Société), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA, 6291, France
| | - Arthur Kaladjian
- Department of Psychiatry, Reims University Hospital, EPSMM, Reims, France; Laboratoire C2S (Cognition, Santé, Société), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA, 6291, France; Faculty of Medicine, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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Lemvigh CK, Karantonis JA, Furlong LS, Carruthers SP, Pantelis C, Rossell SL, Van Rheenen TE. Characterization and interrelationships of theory of mind, socially competitive emotions and affective empathy in bipolar disorder. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 61:76-92. [PMID: 34232514 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence shows impaired theory of mind (ToM) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), yet research examining its cognitive and affective components simultaneously is sparse. Moreover, recognition of socially competitive 'fortune of others' emotions (e.g. envy/gloat) may be related to ToM, but has not been assessed in BD. Finally, if and how ToM and 'fortune of others' emotions relate to affective empathy in BD is currently unclear. This study aimed to address these points. METHODS 64 BD patients and 34 healthy controls completed the Yoni task, a visual task assessing first- and second-order cognitive and affective ToM as well as 'fortune of others' emotions. The Toronto Empathy Questionnaire was used to assess self-reported affective empathy. RESULTS Patients with BD showed no deficits in cognitive and affective ToM or recognition of 'fortune of others' emotions. The ability to infer 'fortune of others' emotions correlated with several ToM measures, indicating that these functions are part of the same system. Patients with BD reported similar levels of affective empathy to healthy controls, and this was not related to ToM or 'fortune of others' emotions, suggesting that affective empathy represents a separate social domain. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight areas of spared social functioning in BD, which may be utilized in therapeutic strategies. PRACTITIONER POINTS Our results suggest theory of mind and empathy may represent areas of potentially spared cognitive functioning in BD. As many BD patients have experienced adversity during developmental periods in which theory of mind and empathy develop, our findings suggest that these abilities may be markers of resilience in the disorder. Our findings are important for the formulation of therapeutic interventions for BD, which may include considering practical ways that a patients' knowledge of intact ToM and empathy could be utilized to reduce self-stigma and promote self-efficacy, improved well-being and functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie K Lemvigh
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - James A Karantonis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa S Furlong
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sean P Carruthers
- Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.,Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Kaneko A, Asaoka Y, Lee YA, Goto Y. Cognitive and Affective Processes Associated with Social Biases. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 24:645-655. [PMID: 33929492 PMCID: PMC8378077 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our social activities are quite often erroneous and irrational, based on biased judgements and decision-making, known as social biases. However, the cognitive and affective processes that produce such biases remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated associations between social schemas, such as social judgment and conformity, entailing social biases and psychological measurements relevant to cognitive and affective functions. METHOD This study recruited 42 healthy adult subjects. A psychological test and a questionnaire were administered to assess biased social judgements by superficial attributes and social conformity by adherence to social norms, respectively, along with additional questionnaires and psychological tests for cognitive and affective measurements, including negative affects, autistic traits, and Theory of Mind (ToM). Associations of social judgment and conformity with cognitive and affective functions were examined using a multiple regression analysis and structural equation modeling. RESULTS Anxiety and the cognitive realm of ToM were mutually associated with both social judgments and conformity, although social judgements and conformity were still independent processes. Social judgements were also associated with autistic traits and the affective realm of ToM, whereas social conformity was associated with negative affects other than anxiety and an intuitive decision-making style. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that ToM and negative affects may play important roles in social judgements and conformity, and the social biases connoted in these social schemas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Kaneko
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yui Asaoka
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan
| | - Young-A Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan,South Korea
| | - Yukiori Goto
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan,Correspondence: Yukiori Goto, PhD, Kyoto University Primate Research Institute, 41–2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi 484–8506, Japan ()
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Terrien S, Stefaniak N, Morvan Y, Besche-Richard C. Factor structure of the French version of the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS) in non-clinical young adults. Compr Psychiatry 2015; 62:105-13. [PMID: 26343474 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS) is a self-report questionnaire designed to identify vulnerable individuals at high risk of bipolar disorders in non-clinical samples. Our aim was to identify the factorial structure of HPS in a French non-clinical sample and to compare this with different factor solutions described in the literature. We carried out a survey in a French population using a French version of HPS. METHODS A total of 698 participants were included in the study. They completed the HPS, the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B), the Positive And Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). We tested the 1, 3 and 4-factor solutions and used a Confirmatory Factor Analysis to compare these with the factor solutions suggested by Rawling et al. and Schalet et al. RESULTS Goodness-of-fit indices showed that Schalet et al.'s solution "fits" our data better than Rawling et al.'s factorial solutions. HPS scores correlated with the PANAS Positive score and the SPQ-B total score. We confirmed the 3-factor structure of the HPS in a large non-clinical population of young adults and found consistent correlations with BDI, affectivity and schizotypal traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Terrien
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Socialisation (EA6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Nicolas Stefaniak
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Socialisation (EA6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Yannick Morvan
- Inserm U894-LPMP, Centre Psychiatrie et Neuroscience, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Laboratoire CLIPSYD, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense, Nanterre, France
| | - Chrystel Besche-Richard
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Socialisation (EA6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
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Terrien S, Gobin P, Coutté A, Thuaire F, Iakimova G, Mazzola-Pomietto P, Besche-Richard C. Emotional Meaning in Context in Relation to Hypomanic Personality Traits: An ERP Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138877. [PMID: 26394230 PMCID: PMC4578890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to integrate contextual information is important for the comprehension of emotional and social situations. While some studies have shown that emotional processes and social cognition are impaired in people with hypomanic personality trait, no results have been reported concerning the neurophysiological processes mediating the processing of emotional information during the integration of contextual social information in this population. We therefore chose to conduct an ERP study dealing with the integration of emotional information in a population with hypomanic personality trait. Healthy participants were evaluated using the Hypomanic Personality Scale (HPS), and ERPs were recorded during a linguistic task in which participants silently read sentence pairs describing short social situations. The first sentence implicitly conveyed the positive or negative emotional state of a character. The second sentence was emotionally congruent or incongruent with the first sentence. We analyzed the difference in the modulation of two components (N400 and LPC) in response to the emotional word present at the end of the “target” sentences as a function of the HPS score and the emotional valence of the context. Our results showed a possible modulation of the N400 component in response to both positive and negative context among the participants who scored high on the Mood Volatility subscale of the Hypomanic Personality Scale. These results seem to indicate that the participants with hypomanic personality traits exhibited specificities in the integration of emotions at the level of the early-mobilized neurocognitive processes (N400). Participants with hypomanic personality traits found it difficult to integrate negative emotional contexts, while simultaneously exhibiting an enhanced integration of positive emotional contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Terrien
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Socialisation, C2S, EA 6291, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Pamela Gobin
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Socialisation, C2S, EA 6291, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Alexandre Coutté
- Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Psychologie Cognitive et Sociale, LAPCOS, EA 7278, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | - Flavien Thuaire
- Institut des Neurosciences de la Timone, CNRS UMR 7289, Marseille, France
| | - Galina Iakimova
- Laboratoire d'Anthropologie et de Psychologie Cognitive et Sociale, LAPCOS, EA 7278, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
| | | | - Chrystel Besche-Richard
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Socialisation, C2S, EA 6291, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Canty AL, Neumann DL, Fleming J, Shum DHK. Evaluation of a newly developed measure of theory of mind: The virtual assessment of mentalising ability. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2015; 27:834-870. [PMID: 26095322 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2015.1052820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the reliability and validity of the Virtual Assessment of Mentalising Ability (VAMA). The VAMA consists of 12 video clips depicting a social drama imposed within an interactive virtual environment with questions assessing the mental states of virtual friends. Response options capture the continuum of ability (i.e., impaired, reduced, accurate, and hypermentalising) within first- and second-order cognitive and affective theory of mind (ToM). Sixty-two healthy participants were administered the VAMA, three other ToM measures, and additional measures of neurocognitive abilities and social functioning. The VAMA had sound internal consistency and high test-retest reliability. Significant correlations between performance on the VAMA and other ToM measures provided preliminary evidence of convergent validity. Small to moderate correlations were observed between performance on the VAMA and neurocognitive tasks. Further, the VAMA was found to correlate significantly with indices of social functioning and was rated as more immersive, more reflective of everyday ToM processes, and was afforded a higher recommendation than an existing computer-based ToM task. These results provide potential evidence that the VAMA is an ecologically valid tool that is sensitive to the spread of ability that can occur in ToM subprocesses and may be a valuable addition to existing ToM measures. Future research should explore the validity and utility of the VAMA in larger, more diverse samples of healthy adult and clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allana L Canty
- a School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland , Griffith University , Brisbane , Australia
| | - David L Neumann
- a School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland , Griffith University , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Jennifer Fleming
- b School of Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia.,c Occupational Therapy Department , Princess Alexander Hospital , Brisbane , Australia
| | - David H K Shum
- a School of Applied Psychology and Menzies Health Institute Queensland , Griffith University , Brisbane , Australia
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Mitchell RLC, Young AH. Theory of Mind in Bipolar Disorder, with Comparison to the Impairments Observed in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2015; 6:188. [PMID: 26834648 PMCID: PMC4716141 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Our ability to make sense of information on the potential intentions and dispositions of others is of paramount importance for understanding their communicative intent, and for judging what an appropriate reaction might be. Thus, anything that impinges on this ability has the potential to cause significant social impairment, and compromise an individual's level of functioning. Both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are known to feature theory of mind impairment. We conducted a theoretical review to determine the extent and types of theory of mind impairment in bipolar disorder, and evaluate their relationship to medication and symptoms. We also considered possible mediatory mechanisms, and set out to discover what else could be learnt about the impairment in bipolar disorder by comparison to the profile of impairment in schizophrenia. The literature established that in bipolar disorder (i) some form of theory of mind impairment has been observed in all mood states, including euthymia, (ii) the form of theory of mind assessed and task used to make the assessment influence the impairment observed, and (iii) there might be some relationship to cognitive impairment, although a relationship to standard clinical variables was harder to establish. What also became clear in the literature on bipolar disorder itself was the possible relationship of theory of mind impairment to history of psychotic symptoms. Direct comparative studies, including patients with schizophrenia, were thus examined, and provided several important directions for future research on the bases of impairment in bipolar disorder. Particularly prominent was the issue of whether theory of mind impairment could be considered a candidate endophenotype for the psychoses, although current evidence suggests that this may be premature. The differences in impairment across schizophrenia and bipolar disorder may, however, have genuine differential effects on social functioning and the likely success of remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L C Mitchell
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London , London , UK
| | - Allan H Young
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London , London , UK
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