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Trunk muscle endurance in individuals with and without patellofemoral pain: Sex differences and correlations with performance tests. Phys Ther Sport 2021; 52:248-255. [PMID: 34656829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare trunk muscle endurance among females and males with and without patellofemoral pain (PFP), and to investigate the correlations between trunk muscle endurance and performance of the single leg hop test (SLHT) and forward step-down test (FSDT). DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Laboratory-based study. PARTICIPANTS 110 females and 38 males with PFP, 61 females and 31males without PFP. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Anterior and lateral trunk muscle endurance were assessed with the prone and bilateral side-bridge tests, respectively. Performance during the SLHT and FSDT was also assessed. RESULTS Lower anterior and lateral trunk muscle endurance were identified in females (p < .001; d = -0.74 to -0.86), but not in males (p ≥ .806; d = -0.04 to 0.05) with PFP as compared to sex-matched controls. Moderate to large, positive correlations between anterior and lateral trunk muscle endurance with performance in the SLHT and FSDT were identified in females (r = .27 to .50; p < .004) and males (r = 0.27 to 0.59; p < .031) with PFP and females without PFP (r = 0.26 to 0.40; p < .044). CONCLUSION Our findings highlight that assessing trunk muscle endurance is advised in females with PFP. Trunk muscle endurance of individuals with PFP may have a role in the performance of hopping and stepping down tasks.
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Nakai Y, Kawada M, Miyazaki T, Araki S, Takeshita Y, Kiyama R. A self-oblique exercise that activates the coordinated activity of abdominal and hip muscles-A pilot study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255035. [PMID: 34383772 PMCID: PMC8360586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of an interaction between trunk stability muscles and hip muscle function has been suggested. However, reported exercises rarely act on the trunk and hip muscles simultaneously. Here, we devised an abdominal oblique and hip muscle exercise, the Self-oblique exercise (SOE). We examined whether SOE activated abdominal and hip muscles in the supine and half-kneeling positions, compared with abdominal crunch (AC) and plank exercises; and whether participants could modulate the exercise load. Participants were 20 healthy males with some sports experience such as football and baseball on average 10.5 ± 4.0 years. Participants applied self-pressure to their right thighs using the contralateral upper limb with 40% or 70% of the maximum force in Supine SOE and Half- kneeling SOE. The following abdominal and hip muscles were measured using surface electromyography: bilateral external obliques (EO), bilateral internal obliques (IO), right rectus abdominis, right gluteus medius (GMed), and right adductor longus (ADD). All evaluated muscle groups showed significant differences between exercises (p < 0.001). Supine SOE-70% showed 80.4% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) for left EO (p < 0.017), 61.4% MVC for right IO (p < 0.027), 24.3% MVC for GMed (p < 0.002), and 42.4% MVC for ADD (p < 0.004); these were significantly greatest among all exercises. Muscle activity during Supine SOE-70% was greater than that during Supine SOE-40%. Similarly, Half-kneeling SOE-40% promoted abdominal and hip muscle exertion, and showed more significant activity in GMed (p < 0.006) and ADD (p < 0.001) than AC and plank. SOE could activate abdominal and hip muscles depends on the pressure applied by upper limb. Also, SOE allows participants to modulate the exercise load in a self-controlled step by step manner. Modulation of the exercise load is difficult in AC or plank compared to SOE, and AC or plank cannot obtain simultaneous oblique and hip muscle activity. SOE could be practiced anywhere, in various positions, without any tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakai
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Daiichi Institute of Technology, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kawada
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takasuke Miyazaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sota Araki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Takeshita
- Doctoral Course, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kiyama
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Hides J, Frazer C, Blanch P, Grantham B, Sexton C, Mendis MD. Clinical utility of measuring the size of the lumbar multifidus and quadratus lumborum muscles in the Australian football league setting: A prospective cohort study. Phys Ther Sport 2020; 46:186-193. [PMID: 32966952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Test the odds of factors previously associated with lower limb injury (decreased size of the multifidus (MF) and increased size of the quadratus lumborum (QL) muscle) in an independent sample of Australian Rules Football (ARF) players. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Professional ARF. PARTICIPANTS Forty-three male ARF players. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of MF and QL muscles measured from pre-season ultrasound images. Playing season injuries were recorded by club personnel. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to evaluate the usefulness of MF and QL muscle size for predicting playing season lower limb injuries. RESULTS Fifteen players (35%) sustained a playing season lower limb injury. The multivariable model indicated that the odds of sustaining a lower limb injury during the season was 2.38 (95% CI: 1.18, 5.00; P = 0.017) times less likely for a one cm2 increase from the mean value in MF muscle CSA at the L5 vertebral level after adjusting for CSA of the QL, age and BMI. The main effect and interaction models positively predicted 75% of players that sustained a lower limb injury during the season (sensitivity 80%, specificity 85%). CONCLUSION Future studies could examine the efficacy, feasibility and adherence of 'at risk' players to a pre-season training program aimed at increasing MF muscle size and monitor playing season injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Hides
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia.
| | - Clint Frazer
- Brisbane Lions Australian Football Club, 812 Stanley Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4012, Australia
| | - Peter Blanch
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia; Brisbane Lions Australian Football Club, 812 Stanley Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4012, Australia
| | - Brittany Grantham
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Christopher Sexton
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - M Dilani Mendis
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
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Briani RV, Waiteman MC, de Albuquerque CE, Gasoto E, Segatti G, Oliveira CB, de Azevedo FM, de Oliveira Silva D. Lower Trunk Muscle Thickness Is Associated With Pain in Women With Patellofemoral Pain. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2019; 38:2685-2693. [PMID: 30815915 DOI: 10.1002/jum.14973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare trunk muscle thickness of women with and without patellofemoral pain (PFP) and to assess the association of trunk muscle thickness with self-reported pain of women with PFP. METHODS Forty-four women were recruited and divided into 2 groups: a PFP group (n = 22) and a pain-free group (n = 22). The thickness of the following trunk muscles was obtained by B-mode ultrasound imaging: transversus abdominis, obliquus internus (OI), obliquus externus (OE), rectus abdominis, and multifidus. Self-reported pain was measured on a visual analog scale. RESULTS The 44 participants were 18 to 35 years old. Women with PFP had lower thickness of the OI and OE than pain-free women, with moderate or large effect sizes ranging from -0.78 to -0.98, which was negatively related to self-reported pain correlations (r = -0.53 to -0.40). The contraction ratios of the OI and OE were also lower in women with PFP than in pain-free women (P < .05). No differences between groups were found for the transversus abdominis, multifidus, and rectus abdominis, with also no correlation with self-reported pain. CONCLUSIONS Lower thickness of the OI and OE is present in women with PFP, which is related to self-reported pain. These findings might help in understanding the alterations in trunk biomechanics of individuals with PFP and the mechanisms by which interventions targeting trunk muscle strength are beneficial to individuals with PFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Valdir Briani
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Motor Control, School of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Cabral Waiteman
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Motor Control, School of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Gasoto
- Laboratory of Human Movement Research, State University of West Parana, Cascavel, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Segatti
- Laboratory of Human Movement Research, State University of West Parana, Cascavel, Brazil
| | - Crystian Bitencourt Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Motor Control, School of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Mícolis de Azevedo
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Motor Control, School of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo de Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Motor Control, School of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- La Trobe Sports and Exercise Medicine Research Center, School of Allied Health, LaTrobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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