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Zeng Z, Zhang J, Li J, Li Y, Huang Z, Han L, Xie C, Gong Y. SETD2 regulates gene transcription patterns and is associated with radiosensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:935601. [PMID: 36035179 PMCID: PMC9399372 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.935601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has high morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its prognosis remains unsatisfactory. Identification of epigenetic biomarkers associated with radiosensitivity is beneficial for precision medicine in LUAD patients. SETD2 is important in repairing DNA double-strand breaks and maintaining chromatin integrity. Our studies established a comprehensive analysis pipeline, which identified SETD2 as a radiosensitivity signature. Multi-omics analysis revealed enhanced chromatin accessibility and gene transcription by SETD2. In both LUAD bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we found that SETD2-associated positive transcription patterns were associated with DNA damage responses. SETD2 knockdown significantly upregulated tumor cell apoptosis, attenuated proliferation and migration of LUAD tumor cells, and enhanced radiosensitivity in vitro. Moreover, SETD2 was a favorably prognostic factor whose effects were antagonized by the m6A-related genes RBM15 and YTHDF3 in LUAD. In brief, SETD2 was a promising epigenetic biomarker in LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihang Zeng
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangyi Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengrong Huang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Linzhi Han
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Conghua Xie, ; Yan Gong,
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Translational Medicine, Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Conghua Xie, ; Yan Gong,
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2
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Biswas T, Dowlati A, Kunos CA, Pink JJ, Oleinick NL, Malik S, Fu P, Cao S, Bruno DS, Bajor DL, Patel M, Gerson SL, Machtay M. Adding Base-Excision Repair Inhibitor TRC102 to Standard Pemetrexed-Platinum-Radiation in Patients with Advanced Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results of a Phase I Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:646-652. [PMID: 34740922 PMCID: PMC8866206 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-2025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE TRC102, a small-molecule base-excision repair inhibitor, potentiates the cytotoxicity of pemetrexed and reverses resistance by binding to chemotherapy-induced abasic sites in DNA. We conducted a phase I clinical trial combining pemetrexed and TRC102 with cisplatin-radiation in stage III nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifteen patients were enrolled from 2015 to 2019. The primary objective was to determine the dose-limiting toxicity and maximum tolerated dose of TRC102 in combination with pemetrexed, cisplatin, and radiotherapy. Secondary objectives were to assess toxicity, tumor response, and progression-free survival at 6 months. Based on our preclinical experiments, pemetrexed-TRC102 was given on day 1, and cisplatin/radiotherapy was initiated on day 3. This schedule was duplicated in the second cycle. After completion, two additional cycles of pemetrexed-cisplatin were given. Toxicities were assessed using NCI CTACAE versions 4/5. RESULTS The median age was 69 years (45-79) with the median follow-up of 25.7 months (range, 7.9-47.4). No dose-limiting toxicities and no grade 5 toxicity were seen. Hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicities were the most common side effects. No clinical radiation pneumonitis was seen. Of 15 evaluable patients, three had complete response (20%), and 12 had partial response (80%). The 6-month progression-free survival was 80%, and the 2-year overall survival was 83%. CONCLUSIONS Pemetrexed-TRC102 combined with cisplatin/radiotherapy in NS-NSCLC is safe and well tolerated. The recommended phase II dose is 200 mg TRC102 along with cisplatin-pemetrexed. No additional safety signal was seen beyond the expected CRT risks. A phase II trial, integrating post-CRT immunotherapy with this aggressive DNA-damaging regimen, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Biswas
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Correspondence Author: Tithi Biswas, Department of Radiation Oncology, Seidman Cancer Center, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106. Phone: 216-704-3088; E-mail:
| | - Afshin Dowlati
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - John J. Pink
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | | | - Pingfu Fu
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Shufen Cao
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Debora S. Bruno
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - David L. Bajor
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Monaliben Patel
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio.,Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Stanton L. Gerson
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Yudkina AV, Zharkov DO. Miscoding and DNA Polymerase Stalling by Methoxyamine-Adducted Abasic Sites. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:303-314. [PMID: 35089032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites appear in DNA spontaneously and as intermediates of base excision DNA repair. AP sites are noninstructive lesions: they strongly block DNA polymerases, and if bypassed, the nature of the incorporated dNMP is mostly guided by the interactions within the polymerase-DNA active site. Many DNA polymerases follow the "A-rule", preferentially incorporating dAMP opposite to natural AP sites. Methoxyamine (MX), a small molecule, efficiently reacts with the aldehyde moiety of natural AP sites, thereby preventing their cleavage by APEX1, the major human AP endonuclease. MX is currently regarded as a possible sensitizer of cancer cells toward DNA-damaging drugs. To evaluate the mutagenic potential of MX, we have studied the utilization of various dNTPs by five DNA polymerases of different families encountering MX-AP adducts in the template in comparison with the natural aldehydic AP site. The Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I strictly followed the A-rule with both natural AP and MX-adducted AP sites. Phage RB69 DNA polymerase, a close relative of human DNA polymerases δ and ε, efficiently incorporated both dAMP and dGMP. DNA polymerase β mostly incorporated dAMP and dCMP, preferring dCMP opposite to the natural AP site and dAMP opposite to the MX-AP site, while DNA polymerase λ was selective for dGMP, apparently via the primer misalignment mechanism. Finally, translesion DNA polymerase κ also followed the A-rule for MX-AP and additionally incorporated dCMP opposite to a natural AP site. Overall, the MX-AP site, despite structural differences, was similar to the natural AP site in terms of the dNMP misincorporation preference but was bypassed less efficiently by all polymerases except for Pol κ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Yudkina
- SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentieva Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry O Zharkov
- SB RAS Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentieva Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova Street, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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Sudo H, Tsuji AB, Sugyo A, Kaneko MK, Kato Y, Nagatsu K, Suzuki H, Higashi T. Preclinical Evaluation of Podoplanin-Targeted Alpha-Radioimmunotherapy with the Novel Antibody NZ-16 for Malignant Mesothelioma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102503. [PMID: 34685483 PMCID: PMC8533940 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of advanced mesothelioma is poor. Podoplanin (PDPN) is highly expressed in most malignant mesothelioma. This study aimed to evaluate the potential alpha-radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with a newly developed anti-PDPN antibody, NZ-16, compared with a previous antibody, NZ-12. METHODS The in vitro properties of radiolabeled antibodies were evaluated by cell binding and competitive inhibition assays using PDPN-expressing H226 mesothelioma cells. The biodistribution of 111In-labeled antibodies was studied in tumor-bearing mice. The absorbed doses were estimated based on biodistribution data. Tumor volumes and body weights of mice treated with 90Y- and 225Ac-labeled NZ-16 were measured for 56 days. Histologic analysis was conducted. RESULTS The radiolabeled NZ-16 specifically bound to H226 cells with higher affinity than NZ-12. The biodistribution studies showed higher tumor uptake of radiolabeled NZ-16 compared with NZ-12, providing higher absorbed doses to tumors. RIT with 225Ac- and 90Y-labeled NZ-16 had a significantly higher antitumor effect than RIT with 90Y-labeled NZ-12. 225Ac-labeled NZ-16 induced a larger amount of necrotic change and showed a tendency to suppress tumor volumes and prolonged survival than 90Y-labeled NZ-16. There is no obvious adverse effect. CONCLUSIONS Alpha-RIT with the newly developed NZ-16 is a promising therapeutic option for malignant mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Sudo
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science (iQMS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Atsushi B. Tsuji
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science (iQMS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-43-382-3704
| | - Aya Sugyo
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science (iQMS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Mika K. Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; (M.K.K.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; (M.K.K.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nagatsu
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Science, Institute for Quantum Medical Science (iQMS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (K.N.); (H.S.)
| | - Hisashi Suzuki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Science, Institute for Quantum Medical Science (iQMS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (K.N.); (H.S.)
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science (iQMS), National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (H.S.); (A.S.); (T.H.)
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Dymova MA, Endutkin AV, Polunovsky VV, Zakabunin AI, Khrapov EA, Torgasheva NA, Yudkina AV, Mechetin GV, Filipenko ML, Zharkov DO. Characterization of Recombinant Endonuclease IV from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321020059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Li LY, Guan YD, Chen XS, Yang JM, Cheng Y. DNA Repair Pathways in Cancer Therapy and Resistance. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:629266. [PMID: 33628188 PMCID: PMC7898236 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.629266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair pathways are triggered to maintain genetic stability and integrity when mammalian cells are exposed to endogenous or exogenous DNA-damaging agents. The deregulation of DNA repair pathways is associated with the initiation and progression of cancer. As the primary anti-cancer therapies, ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutic agents induce cell death by directly or indirectly causing DNA damage, dysregulation of the DNA damage response may contribute to hypersensitivity or resistance of cancer cells to genotoxic agents and targeting DNA repair pathway can increase the tumor sensitivity to cancer therapies. Therefore, targeting DNA repair pathways may be a potential therapeutic approach for cancer treatment. A better understanding of the biology and the regulatory mechanisms of DNA repair pathways has the potential to facilitate the development of inhibitors of nuclear and mitochondria DNA repair pathways for enhancing anticancer effect of DNA damage-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Ya Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-di Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi-Sha Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jin-Ming Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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7
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Ak G, Aksu D, Çapkın E, Sarı Ö, Kımız Geboloğlu I, Şanlıer ŞH. Delivery of pemetrexed by magnetic nanoparticles: design, characterization, in vitro and in vivo assessment. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 50:215-225. [PMID: 31750758 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1692220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Drug-loaded magnetic nanoparticles have been developed because of the advantages of specific drug targeting in cancer treatment. Pemetrexed (PEM) is a multi-targeting antifolate agent that is effective for the treatment of many cancers, for example, non-small cell lung cancer. Here, PEM loaded magnetic O-carboxymethyl chitosan (O-CMC) nanoparticles were prepared to deliver PEM on tumor tissue with an external magnetic field. The modification of chitosan to O-CMC was confirmed by FTIR analysis. Nanoparticle synthesis was performed via ionic gelation method. The diameter of magnetic O-CMC nanoparticles (MCMC) was found to be 130.1 ± 22.96 nm. After PEM loading, diameter was found to be 123.9 ± 11.42 nm. The drug release of PEM loaded MCMC (PMCMC) was slower in physiological medium than in acidic medium. A549-luc-C8 and CRL5807 cell lines were used for MTT test which showed that IC50 values of nanoparticles were lower than PEM. The antitumor efficiency of PMCMC in xenograft tumor model was examined with in vivo imaging system (IVIS) and caliper and with hematological analyses. In vivo studies revealed that PMCMC had targeted antitumor activity in A549-luc-C8-tumor-bearing mice compared to PEM. As a result, it was suggested that PMCMC have great potential for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güliz Ak
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Center for Drug Research & Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Didem Aksu
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Eda Çapkın
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Özge Sarı
- Center for Drug Research & Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ilgın Kımız Geboloğlu
- Bioengineering Graduate Programme, Institute of Natural & Applied Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Şenay Hamarat Şanlıer
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.,Center for Drug Research & Development and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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8
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Sudo H, Tsuji AB, Sugyo A, Saga T, Kaneko MK, Kato Y, Higashi T. Therapeutic efficacy evaluation of radioimmunotherapy with 90 Y-labeled anti-podoplanin antibody NZ-12 for mesothelioma. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:1653-1664. [PMID: 30801908 PMCID: PMC6500970 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin is a type I transmembrane sialomucin‐like glycoprotein that is highly expressed in malignant mesothelioma. The rat‐human chimeric antibody NZ‐12 has high affinity for human podoplanin and antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity and is applicable for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) to enhance the antitumor effect. In the present study, we evaluated the in vivo and in vitro properties of radiolabeled NZ‐12 and the antitumor effect of RIT with 90Y‐labeled NZ‐12 in an NCI‐H226 (H226) malignant mesothelioma xenograft mouse model. 111In‐labeled NZ‐12 bound specifically to H226 cells with high affinity, and accumulation was high in H226 tumors but low in major organs. RIT with 90Y‐labeled NZ‐12 significantly suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival without body weight loss and obvious adverse effects. Higher podoplanin expression levels were observed in human mesothelioma specimens, suggesting higher tumor accumulation of 90Y‐labeled NZ‐12 in patients compared with the H226 tumor xenografts. Our findings suggest that 90Y‐labeled NZ‐12 is a promising RIT agent as a new therapeutic option for malignant mesothelioma that warrants further clinical studies to evaluate the dosimetry and efficacy in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Sudo
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST-NIRS), Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi B Tsuji
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST-NIRS), Chiba, Japan
| | - Aya Sugyo
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST-NIRS), Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Saga
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Higashi
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST-NIRS), Chiba, Japan
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9
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Baruah TJ, Sharan RN, Kma L. Vicenin-2: a potential radiosensitizer of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:1219-1225. [PMID: 30099686 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major form of cancer and is resistant to chemo- and radio-therapy. Vicenin-2 (VCN-2) is a flavonoid obtained from Ocimum sanctum L. and it has been reported to have radioprotective and anti-cancer properties. This study was conducted to check for the radiosensitizing potential of VCN-2 in the NSCLC cell line, NCI-H23. NCI-H23 cells were exposed to VCN-2 singularly, and to X-rays with and without prior VCN-2 treatment. Cytotoxicity assay, cell proliferation assay, caspase-3 activity assay, DNA fragmentation assay and Western blotting for Rad50, MMP-2 and p21 were performed to investigate the radiosensitizing properties of VCN-2. Fibroblast survival assay was performed using HEK293T cells to check for any adverse effects of VCN-2 on normal fibroblast cell line. VCN-2 singularly and in combination with radiation reduced the surviving cancer cells, increased caspase-3 activity, increased DNA fragmentation, increased the levels of Rad50 and lowered levels of MMP-2 and p21 proteins while being non-toxic and radioprotective to the fibroblast cells. VCN-2 showed a potent radiosensitizing property while also showing a chemotherapeutic property against NSCLC cell line NCI-H23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taranga Jyoti Baruah
- Cancer and Radiation Countermeasures Unit, Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India
- Radiation and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India
| | - R N Sharan
- Radiation and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India
| | - Lakhan Kma
- Cancer and Radiation Countermeasures Unit, Department of Biochemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India.
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10
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Combining Albumin-Binding Properties and Interaction with Pemetrexed to Improve the Tissue Distribution of Radiofolates. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061465. [PMID: 29914162 PMCID: PMC6100011 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Folic-acid-based radioconjugates have been developed for nuclear imaging of folate receptor (FR)-positive tumors; however, high renal uptake was unfavorable in view of a therapeutic application. Previously, it was shown that pre-injection of pemetrexed (PMX) increased the tumor-to-kidney ratio of radiofolates several-fold. In this study, PMX was combined with the currently best performing radiofolate ([177Lu]cm13), which is outfitted with an albumin-binding entity. Biodistribution studies were carried out in mice bearing KB or IGROV-1 tumor xenografts, both FR-positive tumor types. SPECT/CT was performed with control mice injected with [177Lu]folate only and with mice that received PMX in addition. Control mice showed high uptake of radioactivity in KB and IGROV-1 tumor xenografts, but retention in the kidneys was also high, resulting in tumor-to-kidney ratios of ~0.85 (4 h p.i.) and ~0.60 (24 h p.i.) or ~1.17 (4 h p.i.) and ~1.11 (24 h p.i.) respectively. Pre-injection of PMX improved the tumor-to-kidney ratio to values of ~1.13 (4 h p.i.) and ~0.92 (24 h p.i.) or ~1.79 (4 h p.i.) and ~1.59 (24 h p.i.), respectively, due to reduced uptake in the kidneys. It was found that a second injection of PMX—3 h or 7 h after administration of the radiofolate—improved the tumor-to-kidney ratio further to ~1.03 and ~0.99 or ~1.78 and ~1.62 at 24 h p.i. in KB and IGROV-1 tumor-bearing mice, respectively. SPECT/CT scans readily visualized the tumor xenografts, whereas accumulation of radioactivity in the kidneys was reduced in mice that received PMX. In this study, it was shown that PMX had a positive impact in terms of reducing the kidney uptake of albumin-binding radiofolates; hence, the administration of PMX resulted in ~1.3⁻1.7-fold higher tumor-to-kidney ratios. This is, however, a rather moderate effect in comparison to the previously shown effect of PMX on conventional radiofolates (without albumin binder), which led to 5⁻6-fold increased tumor-to-kidney ratios. An explanation for this result may be the different pharmacokinetic profiles of PMX and long-circulating radiofolates, respectively. Despite the promising potential of this concept, it is believed that a clinical translation would be challenging, particularly when PMX had to be injected more than once.
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11
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Rodemann HP, Datta NR, Bodis S. Molecular radiation biology/oncology and its impact on preclinical and clinical research in radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2017; 124:339-343. [PMID: 28888706 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Peter Rodemann
- Division of Radiation Biology & Molecular Environmental Research, Dept. of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Tübingen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Niloy Ranjan Datta
- Center of Radiation Oncology KSA-KSB, Kantonsspital Aarau and University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bodis
- Center of Radiation Oncology KSA-KSB, Kantonsspital Aarau and University of Zurich, Switzerland
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