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Najjari Z, Sadri F, Varshosaz J. Smart stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems in spotlight of COVID-19. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100873. [PMID: 38173712 PMCID: PMC10762358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The world has been dealing with a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) since the end of 2019, which threatens the lives of many people worldwide. COVID-19 causes respiratory infection with different symptoms, from sneezing and coughing to pneumonia and sometimes gastric symptoms. Researchers worldwide are actively developing novel drug delivery systems (DDSs), such as stimuli-responsive DDSs. The ability of these carriers to respond to external/internal and even multiple stimuli is essential in creating "smart" DDS that can effectively control dosage, sustained release, individual variations, and targeted delivery. To conduct a comprehensive literature survey for this article, the terms "Stimuli-responsive", "COVID-19″ and "Drug delivery" were searched on databases/search engines like "Google Scholar", "NCBI", "PubMed", and "Science Direct". Many different types of DDSs have been proposed, including those responsive to various exogenous (light, heat, ultrasound and magnetic field) or endogenous (microenvironmental changes in pH, ROS and enzymes) stimuli. Despite significant progress in DDS research, several challenging issues must be addressed to fill the gaps in the literature. Therefore, this study reviews the drug release mechanisms and applications of endogenous/exogenous stimuli-responsive DDSs while also exploring their potential with respect to COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Najjari
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sadri
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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2
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Liu J, Wu W, Zhu Q, Zhu H. Hydrogel-Based Therapeutics for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2421. [PMID: 37896181 PMCID: PMC10610350 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), one of the deadliest malignancies worldwide, is characteristic of the tumor microenvironments (TME) comprising numerous fibroblasts and immunosuppressive cells. Conventional therapies for PDAC are often restricted by limited drug delivery efficiency, immunosuppressive TME, and adverse effects. Thus, effective and safe therapeutics are urgently required for PDAC treatment. In recent years, hydrogels, with their excellent biocompatibility, high drug load capacity, and sustainable release profiles, have been developed as effective drug-delivery systems, offering potential therapeutic options for PDAC. This review summarizes the distinctive features of the immunosuppressive TME of PDAC and discusses the application of hydrogel-based therapies in PDAC, with a focus on how these hydrogels remodel the TME and deliver different types of cargoes in a controlled manner. Furthermore, we also discuss potential drug candidates and the challenges and prospects for hydrogel-based therapeutics for PDAC. By providing a comprehensive overview of hydrogel-based therapeutics for PDAC treatment, this review seeks to serve as a reference for researchers and clinicians involved in developing therapeutic strategies targeting the PDAC microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlu Liu
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Wenbi Wu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Qing Zhu
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Hong Zhu
- Division of Abdominal Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.L.); (Q.Z.)
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3
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Szilágyi BÁ, Gyarmati B, Kiss EL, Budai-Szűcs M, Misra A, Csányi E, László K, Szilágyi A. In situ gelation of thiolated poly(aspartic acid) derivatives through oxidant-free disulfide formation for ophthalmic drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 225:113254. [PMID: 36996632 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient topical treatment of ocular diseases requires a prolonged residence time of drug formulations. An in situ gelling, mucoadhesive system can provide improved residence time while keeps the installation of the formulation easy and accurate due to its low initial viscosity. We synthesized a two-component, biocompatible water-based liquid formulation showing in situ gelation upon mixing. S-protected, preactivated derivatives of thiolated poly(aspartic acid) (PASP-SS-MNA) were synthesized by coupling the free thiol groups of thiolated poly(aspartic acid) (PASP-SH) with 6-mercaptonicotinic acid (MNA). The amount of protecting groups was 242, 341, and 530 µmol/g depending on the degree of thiolation of PASP. The chemical interaction between PASP-SS-MNA and mucin was proven, indicating the mucoadhesive properties. Disulfide cross-linked hydrogels were formed in situ without an oxidizing agent by mixing the aqueous solutions of PASP-SS-MNA and PASP-SH. The gelation time was controlled between 1 and 6 min, while the storage modulus was as high as 4-16 kPa depending on the composition. Swelling experiments showed that hydrogels with no residual thiol groups are stable in phosphate-buffered saline at pH = 7.4. In contrast, the presence of free thiol groups leads to the dissolution of the hydrogel with a rate depending on the excess of thiol groups. The biological safety of the polymers and MNA was confirmed on Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cell line. Furthermore, a prolonged release of ofloxacin was observed at pH = 7.4 compared to a conventional liquid formulation, supporting the potential of the developed biopolymers in ophthalmic drug delivery.
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La Manna S, Florio D, Di Natale C, Marasco D. Modulation of hydrogel networks by metal ions. J Pept Sci 2022:e3474. [PMID: 36579727 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembling hydrogels are receiving great attention for both biomedical and technological applications. Self-assembly of protein/peptides as well as organic molecules is commonly induced in response to external triggers such as changes of temperature, concentration, or pH. An interesting strategy to modulate the morphology and mechanical properties of the gels implies the use of metal ions, where coordination bonds regulate the dynamic cross-linking in the construction of hydrogels, and coordination geometries, catalytic, and redox properties of metal ions play crucial roles. This review aims to discuss recent insights into the supramolecular assembly of hydrogels involving metal ions, with a focus on self-assembling peptides, as well as applications of metallogels in biomedical fields including tissue engineering, sensing, wound healing, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Production Engineering, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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5
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Enzyme-Responsive Hydrogels as Potential Drug Delivery Systems-State of Knowledge and Future Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084421. [PMID: 35457239 PMCID: PMC9031066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast advances in polymer science have provided new hydrogels for applications in drug delivery. Among modern drug formulations, polymeric type stimuli-responsive hydrogels (SRHs), also called smart hydrogels, deserve special attention as they revealed to be a promising tool useful for a variety of pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. In fact, the basic feature of these systems is the ability to change their mechanical properties, swelling ability, hydrophilicity, or bioactive molecules permeability, which are influenced by various stimuli, particularly enzymes. Indeed, among a great number of SHRs, enzyme-responsive hydrogels (ERHs) gain much interest as they possess several potential biomedical applications (e.g., in controlled release, drug delivery, etc.). Such a new type of SHRs directly respond to many different enzymes even under mild conditions. Therefore, they show either reversible or irreversible enzyme-induced changes both in chemical and physical properties. This article reviews the state-of-the art in ERHs designed for controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs). Principal enzymes used for biomedical hydrogel preparation were presented and different ERHs were further characterized focusing mainly on glucose oxidase-, β-galactosidase- and metalloproteinases-based catalyzed reactions. Additionally, strategies employed to produce ERHs were described. The current state of knowledge and the discussion were made on successful applications and prospects for further development of effective methods used to obtain ERH as DDSs.
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β-Sheet to Random Coil Transition in Self-Assembling Peptide Scaffolds Promotes Proteolytic Degradation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030411. [PMID: 35327603 PMCID: PMC8945919 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most desirable properties that biomaterials designed for tissue engineering or drug delivery applications should fulfill is biodegradation and resorption without toxicity. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in the development of biomaterials able to be enzymatically degraded once implanted at the injury site or once delivered to the target organ. In this paper, we demonstrate the protease sensitivity of self-assembling amphiphilic peptides, in particular, RAD16-I (AcN-RADARADARADARADA-CONH2), which contains four potential cleavage sites for trypsin. We detected that when subjected to thermal denaturation, the peptide secondary structure suffers a transition from β-sheet to random coil. We also used Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time-Of-Flight (MALDI-TOF) to detect the proteolytic breakdown products of samples subjected to incubation with trypsin as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM) to visualize the effect of the degradation on the nanofiber scaffold. Interestingly, thermally treated samples had a higher extent of degradation than non-denatured samples, suggesting that the transition from β-sheet to random coil leaves the cleavage sites accessible and susceptible to protease degradation. These results indicate that the self-assembling peptide can be reduced to short peptide sequences and, subsequently, degraded to single amino acids, constituting a group of naturally biodegradable materials optimal for their application in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Nanogels: An overview of properties, biomedical applications, future research trends and developments. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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8
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Gupta SS, Mishra V, Mukherjee MD, Saini P, Ranjan KR. Amino acid derived biopolymers: Recent advances and biomedical applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 188:542-567. [PMID: 34384802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, amino acids (AA) have emerged as promising biomaterials for the synthesis of functional polymers. Owing to the diversity of functional groups in amino acids, various polymerization methods may be used to make a wide range of well-defined functional amino-acid/peptide-based optically active polymers with varying polymer lengths, compositions, and designs. When incorporated with chirality and self-assembly, they offer a wide range of applications and are particularly appealing in the field of drug delivery, tissue engineering, and biosensing. There are several classes of these polymers that include polyamides (PA), polyesters (PE), poly(ester-amide)s (PEA)s, polyurethanes (PU)s, poly(depsipeptide)s (PDP)s, etc. They offer the ability to control functionality, conjugation, crosslinking, stimuli responsiveness, and tuneable mechanical/thermal properties. In this review, we present the recent advancements in the synthesis strategies for obtaining these amino acid-derived bio-macromolecules, their self-assembly properties, and the wealth of prevalent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Mishra
- Amity Institute of Click Chemistry Research and Studies, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, NOIDA, India.
| | | | | | - Kumar Rakesh Ranjan
- Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, NOIDA, India.
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9
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Gyarmati B, Mammadova A, Barczikai D, Stankovits G, Misra A, Alavijeh MS, Varga Z, László K, Szilágyi A. Side group ratio as a novel means to tune the hydrolytic degradation of thiolated and disulfide cross-linked polyaspartamides. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Fu K, Wu H, Su Z. Self-assembling peptide-based hydrogels: Fabrication, properties, and applications. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 49:107752. [PMID: 33838284 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The hierarchical formation of self-assembling peptide-based hydrogels (SAPHs) starts from peptide to nanofibers, following with the entanglement into hydrogels with nanofibrous network. Such characteristic structure and extraordinary biocompatibility, and the peptide components endow the SAPHs with diverse applications in biotechnological field. Therefore, the thorough comprehension of SAPHs is significant to broadening their application. In this review, fabrication, properties, and biological applications of the SAPHs are introduced, and the factors influencing the synthesis process as well as the properties of the SAPHs products are also systematically explained. Meanwhile, we conclude the problems to be solved and provide our perspective to the future development of SAPHs in the biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hanguang Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R & D and Assessment, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, 100029 Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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11
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Szilágyi BÁ, Mammadova A, Gyarmati B, Szilágyi A. Mucoadhesive interactions between synthetic polyaspartamides and porcine gastric mucin on the colloid size scale. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 194:111219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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12
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Vong LB, Trinh NT, Nagasaki Y. Design of amino acid-based self-assembled nano-drugs for therapeutic applications. J Control Release 2020; 326:140-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Németh C, Gyarmati B, Gacs J, Salakhieva DV, Molnár K, Abdullin T, László K, Szilágyi A. Fast dissolving nanofibrous matrices prepared by electrospinning of polyaspartamides. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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14
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Sun B, Ariawan AD, Warren H, Goodchild SC, In Het Panhuis M, Ittner LM, Martin AD. Programmable enzymatic oxidation of tyrosine-lysine tetrapeptides. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:3104-3112. [PMID: 32207762 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00250j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability to control the response of self-assembled systems upon exposure to external stimuli has been a long-standing goal of supramolecular chemistry. Short peptides are an attractive platform to realise this objective due to their chemical diversity and modular nature. Here, we synthesise a library of Fmoc-capped tetrapeptides, each containing two tyrosine and two lysine residues and varying in their amino acid sequence. Despite having similar secondary structure, these tetrapeptides form structures which are highly sequence dependent, yielding aggregates, nanofibres or monomers. This in turn highly affects the rate and degree of oxidative polymerisation by the enzyme tyrosinase, with self-assembled nanofibres exhibiting a greater degree of polymerisation. We monitor the formation of tyrosine oxidation products over time, finding that the precipitation of polymers is driven by quinone-based species. This affects the electrochemical properties of the oxidised peptide polymers, as determined through electrical impedance spectroscopy. Finally, intrinsic fluorescence microscale thermophoresis studies confirm that the degree of oxidative polymerisation is highly dependent on tyrosine solvent accessibility and the presence of peptide monomers. The ability to tune the kinetics of enzymatically active substrates and understand their polymerisation pathways on a molecular level is important for the creation of programmable, enzyme responsive biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Sun
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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15
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Yin Y, Hu B, Yuan X, Cai L, Gao H, Yang Q. Nanogel: A Versatile Nano-Delivery System for Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E290. [PMID: 32210184 PMCID: PMC7151186 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanogel-based nanoplatforms have become a tremendously promising system of drug delivery. Nanogels constructed by chemical crosslinking or physical self-assembly exhibit the ability to encapsulate hydrophilic or hydrophobic therapeutics, including but not limited to small-molecule compounds and proteins, DNA/RNA sequences, and even ultrasmall nanoparticles, within their 3D polymer network. The nanosized nature of the carriers endows them with a specific surface area and inner space, increasing the stability of loaded drugs and prolonging their circulation time. Reactions or the cleavage of chemical bonds in the structure of drug-loaded nanogels have been shown to trigger the controlled or sustained drug release. Through the design of specific chemical structures and different methods of production, nanogels can realize diverse responsiveness (temperature-sensitive, pH-sensitive and redox-sensitive), and enable the stimuli-responsive release of drugs in the microenvironments of various diseases. To improve therapeutic outcomes and increase the precision of therapy, nanogels can be modified by specific ligands to achieve active targeting and enhance the drug accumulation in disease sites. Moreover, the biomembrane-camouflaged nanogels exhibit additional intelligent targeted delivery features. Consequently, the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents, as well as the combinational therapy strategy, result in the improved efficacy of disease treatments, though the introduction of a multifunctional nanogel-based drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Yin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sichuan for Elderly Care and Health, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Y.Y.); (B.H.)
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory of Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (X.Y.); (L.C.)
| | - Ben Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sichuan for Elderly Care and Health, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Y.Y.); (B.H.)
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory of Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (X.Y.); (L.C.)
| | - Xiao Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory of Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (X.Y.); (L.C.)
| | - Li Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory of Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (X.Y.); (L.C.)
| | - Huile Gao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research, Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sichuan for Elderly Care and Health, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (Y.Y.); (B.H.)
- School of Pharmacy, Sichuan Province College Key Laboratory of Structure-Specific Small Molecule Drugs, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; (X.Y.); (L.C.)
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Juriga D, Sipos E, Hegedűs O, Varga G, Zrínyi M, Nagy KS, Jedlovszky-Hajdú A. Fully amino acid-based hydrogel as potential scaffold for cell culturing and drug delivery. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:2579-2593. [PMID: 31921537 PMCID: PMC6941446 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymer hydrogels are ideal scaffolds for both tissue engineering and drug delivery. A great advantage of poly(amino acid)-based hydrogels is their high similarity to natural proteins. However, their expensive and complicated synthesis often limits their application. The use of poly(aspartic acid) (PASP) seems an appropriate solution for this problem due to the relatively cheap and simple synthesis of PASP. Using amino acids not only as building blocks in the polymer backbone but also as cross-linkers can improve the biocompatibility and the biodegradability of the hydrogel. In this paper, PASP cross-linked with cystamine (CYS) and lysine-methylester (LYS) was introduced as fully amino acid-based polymer hydrogel. Gels were synthesized employing six different ratios of CYS and LYS. The pH dependent swelling degree and the concentration of the elastically active chain were determined. After reduction of the disulfide bonds of CYS, the presence of thiol side groups was also detected. To determine the concentration of the reactive cross-linkers in the hydrogels, a new method based on the examination of the swelling behavior was established. Using metoprolol as a model drug, cell proliferation and drug release kinetics were studied at different LYS contents and in the presence of thiol groups. The optimal ratio of cross-linkers for the proliferation of periodontal ligament cells was found to be 60-80% LYS and 20-40% CYS. The reductive conditions resulted in an increased drug release due to the cleavage of disulfide bridges in the hydrogels. Consequently, these hydrogels provide new possibilities in the fields of both tissue engineering and controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Juriga
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad square 4, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Evelin Sipos
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad square 4, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Hegedűs
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad square 4, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad square 4, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Zrínyi
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad square 4, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina S Nagy
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad square 4, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad square 4, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Angéla Jedlovszky-Hajdú
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad square 4, Budapest, Hungary
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17
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Hegedűs O, Juriga D, Sipos E, Voniatis C, Juhász Á, Idrissi A, Zrínyi M, Varga G, Jedlovszky-Hajdú A, Nagy KS. Free thiol groups on poly(aspartamide) based hydrogels facilitate tooth-derived progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226363. [PMID: 31856233 PMCID: PMC6922333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based tissue reconstruction is an important field of regenerative medicine. Stem and progenitor cells derived from tooth-associated tissues have strong regeneration potential. However, their in vivo application requires the development of novel scaffolds that will provide a suitable three-dimensional (3D) environment allowing not only the survival of the cells but eliciting their proliferation and differentiation. Our aim was to study the viability and differentiation capacity of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) cultured on recently developed biocompatible and biodegradable poly(aspartamide) (PASP)-based hydrogels. Viability and behavior of PDLCs were investigated on PASP-based hydrogels possessing different chemical, physical and mechanical properties. Based on our previous results, the effect of thiol group density in the polymer matrix on cell viability, morphology and differentiation ability is in the focus of our article. The chemical composition and 3D structures of the hydrogels were determined by FT Raman spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Morphology of the cells was examined by phase contrast microscopy. To visualize cell growth and migration patterns through the hydrogels, two-photon microscopy were utilized. Cell viability analysis was performed according to a standardized protocol using WST-1 reagent. PDLCs were able to attach and grow on PASP-based hydrogels. An increase in gel stiffness enhanced adhesion and proliferation of the cells. However, the highest population of viable cells was observed on the PASP gels containing free thiol groups. The presence of thiol groups does not only enhance viability but also facilitates the osteogenic direction of the differentiating cells. These cell-gel structures seem to be highly promising for cell-based tissue reconstruction purposes in the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Hegedűs
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid Juriga
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Evelin Sipos
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Constantinos Voniatis
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ákos Juhász
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- University of Lille, Faculty of Science and Technology, Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Abdenaccer Idrissi
- University of Lille, Faculty of Science and Technology, Villeneuve d’Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Miklós Zrínyi
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Angéla Jedlovszky-Hajdú
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry, Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina S. Nagy
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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